Dimitrios Chrysopoulos, Ioannis A. Karasavvoglou, V. Zoumpoulidis
During the last two decades, Turkish-Israeli relations were downgraded from a strategic importance status to an almost hostile one. At the same time, the trade between these two countries has not been affected at all by this negative development. Even though this paradox has already been noticed in the relevant literature, scholarly works have not yet focused on the study of the strategic trade between these two countries in order to examine deeper this contradictory trade-foreign relations interaction. Taking into account that the bilateral relations reached a bottom level only after a political change in Turkey in 2002, the present paper focuses on the strategic products that Turkey imported from Israel. Therefore, the paper addresses the question whether the latter turbulent Turkish-Israeli relations have affected the Turkish imports of strategic products from Israel. To this research question, the paper hypothesizes that the unfavorable climate of the bilateral relations had a quite negative impact on the imports of such products from Israel. Thus, the aim of the paper is to study these imports of strategic products in terms of size and magnitude in order to explore their role in the overall imports of Turkey from Israel and the bilateral relations of these two countries, as well. To achieve this aim, the paper analyzes the quantitative data of Turkish imports from Israel concerning a number of strategic products, from 1995 to 2019, employing descriptive and correlation statistics. The research results reveal that strategic products constitute the main content of the imports of Turkey from Israel, while their trading took place mainly during the years when the bilateral relations had been severely deteriorated. Therefore, the role of strategic products is proved fundamental for the trade and foreign relations between Turkey and Israel.
{"title":"Turkish Imports of Strategic Products from Israel: Strategic Bonds amongst Turbulent Relations","authors":"Dimitrios Chrysopoulos, Ioannis A. Karasavvoglou, V. Zoumpoulidis","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2022.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2022.09","url":null,"abstract":"During the last two decades, Turkish-Israeli relations were downgraded from a strategic importance status to an almost hostile one. At the same time, the trade between these two countries has not been affected at all by this negative development. Even though this paradox has already been noticed in the relevant literature, scholarly works have not yet focused on the study of the strategic trade between these two countries in order to examine deeper this contradictory trade-foreign relations interaction. Taking into account that the bilateral relations reached a bottom level only after a political change in Turkey in 2002, the present paper focuses on the strategic products that Turkey imported from Israel. Therefore, the paper addresses the question whether the latter turbulent Turkish-Israeli relations have affected the Turkish imports of strategic products from Israel. To this research question, the paper hypothesizes that the unfavorable climate of the bilateral relations had a quite negative impact on the imports of such products from Israel. Thus, the aim of the paper is to study these imports of strategic products in terms of size and magnitude in order to explore their role in the overall imports of Turkey from Israel and the bilateral relations of these two countries, as well. To achieve this aim, the paper analyzes the quantitative data of Turkish imports from Israel concerning a number of strategic products, from 1995 to 2019, employing descriptive and correlation statistics. The research results reveal that strategic products constitute the main content of the imports of Turkey from Israel, while their trading took place mainly during the years when the bilateral relations had been severely deteriorated. Therefore, the role of strategic products is proved fundamental for the trade and foreign relations between Turkey and Israel.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86195190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Čermáková, E. Hromada, Eduardo Aguiar Henrique Filho, T. Krulický
Within the broader context of new dimensions of poverty such as housing poverty, energy poverty, etc., this article describes dependencies between household income, real estate ownership and socio-economic trends. We argue that income is not the principal determinant for home ownership rate, but rather recent lifestyle changes can better explain the homeownership decreasing trend in developed economies. Job mobility, family formation determinants and demographical trends seem to find well-supported basis in literature and data. Using data for the US states we have proved that the decreasing rate of home ownership may be explained by social aspects of changing lifestyle such as increasing share of population moving from rural areas to cities, age of marriage, divorce rate, career-oriented lifestyle, rather than by the frequently cited price-income ratio. We have also observed a short-term correlation between financing availability and homeownership rate, but we conclude that property prices would adjust to lose monetary policy without any long-term effect on homeownership rate. It results that government or monetary policies aimed to cushion the housing unavailability (recently increasing value of price-income) ratio may distort the housing market. We propose a new insight in the housing availability discussion.
{"title":"The Effects of Homeownership on Wealth Distribution","authors":"K. Čermáková, E. Hromada, Eduardo Aguiar Henrique Filho, T. Krulický","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2022.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2022.05","url":null,"abstract":"Within the broader context of new dimensions of poverty such as housing poverty, energy poverty, etc., this article describes dependencies between household income, real estate ownership and socio-economic trends. We argue that income is not the principal determinant for home ownership rate, but rather recent lifestyle changes can better explain the homeownership decreasing trend in developed economies. Job mobility, family formation determinants and demographical trends seem to find well-supported basis in literature and data. Using data for the US states we have proved that the decreasing rate of home ownership may be explained by social aspects of changing lifestyle such as increasing share of population moving from rural areas to cities, age of marriage, divorce rate, career-oriented lifestyle, rather than by the frequently cited price-income ratio. We have also observed a short-term correlation between financing availability and homeownership rate, but we conclude that property prices would adjust to lose monetary policy without any long-term effect on homeownership rate. It results that government or monetary policies aimed to cushion the housing unavailability (recently increasing value of price-income) ratio may distort the housing market. We propose a new insight in the housing availability discussion.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"8 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72395430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Florina Mohanu, Viorelavalentina Dima, T. M. Fulga, Oana Mioara Cârnicianu, Maria-Antoaneta Lorentz
The present paper aims to provide up-to-date information on the internationalisation endeavours undertaken in the last five years by the Romanian topmost economic university – the Bucharest University of Economic Studies (ASE), based on ambitious goals set by means of its “Internationalisation Strategy” launched in 2016. We first briefly refer to key national and international literature on the internationalisation of higher education, and to the University’s international dimension since its establishment in 1913: the enrolment of foreign students, the presence of study programs in foreign languages, the existence of student exchange programmes, cooperation agreements with universities from abroad etc. Next, the paper illustrates the measures taken since 2016 in four priority areas, where constant progress has been recorded: in-house internationalisation; internationalisation abroad; internationalisation of research; and consolidation of international prestige. The analysed data are collected mainly from ASE’s International Relations Department, the Rector’s Annual Reports (2016-2019), but also from various pages of the institutional website. The discussion and conclusion sections highlight the contribution and limitations of this paper to the national literature in the field.
{"title":"Internationalisation of Higher Education – A View from the Bucharest University of Economic Studies","authors":"Florina Mohanu, Viorelavalentina Dima, T. M. Fulga, Oana Mioara Cârnicianu, Maria-Antoaneta Lorentz","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2022.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2022.08","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper aims to provide up-to-date information on the internationalisation endeavours undertaken in the last five years by the Romanian topmost economic university – the Bucharest University of Economic Studies (ASE), based on ambitious goals set by means of its “Internationalisation Strategy” launched in 2016. We first briefly refer to key national and international literature on the internationalisation of higher education, and to the University’s international dimension since its establishment in 1913: the enrolment of foreign students, the presence of study programs in foreign languages, the existence of student exchange programmes, cooperation agreements with universities from abroad etc. Next, the paper illustrates the measures taken since 2016 in four priority areas, where constant progress has been recorded: in-house internationalisation; internationalisation abroad; internationalisation of research; and consolidation of international prestige. The analysed data are collected mainly from ASE’s International Relations Department, the Rector’s Annual Reports (2016-2019), but also from various pages of the institutional website. The discussion and conclusion sections highlight the contribution and limitations of this paper to the national literature in the field.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85963740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In light of two recent global economic shocks, the global financial crisis of 2007/08 and the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper analyzes the relationships between global shocks and the national stock markets, looking to trends in volatility for the leading stock indices in six CEE countries, namely Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Romania, and indices from Germany (DAX) and the United States (S&P 500). The selected indices include the largest domestic companies in each country and make up most of the domestic market capitalization. For the analysis we used Garman-Klass (GK) volatility estimator, as the volatility was considered the most important proxy for market uncertainty. Then we used a simple correlation matrix to show initial tendencies. Also, the Johansen's test was used to determine if the indices are cointegrated and if this relationship has changed significantly in the non-crisis periods. We analyze Granger causality and the network approach as proposed by Diebold and Yilmaz (2015). The GK volatility results were individualized in three periods: 2007-2011 as a proxy for the global financial crisis and European sovereign debt; 2012-2019 representing a period of economic recovery and ultimately 2020-2021 representing the data points for the COVID-19 global pandemic. We find that particularly during periods of global distress, correlations between patterns of volatility for the stock market indices from these countries increase, and they exhibit stronger patterns of cointegration. These findings highlight the increasing connectivity in global financial markets and added challenges in crafting portfolio diversification strategies based on geography of stock holdings.
{"title":"Similarities between Stock Market Reactions During the 2007 Financial Crisis and the 2020-2021 Coronavirus Pandemic. Correlation and Cointegration Analyses","authors":"Alexandru Vladoi, L. Merling","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"In light of two recent global economic shocks, the global financial crisis of 2007/08 and the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper analyzes the relationships between global shocks and the national stock markets, looking to trends in volatility for the leading stock indices in six CEE countries, namely Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Romania, and indices from Germany (DAX) and the United States (S&P 500). The selected indices include the largest domestic companies in each country and make up most of the domestic market capitalization. For the analysis we used Garman-Klass (GK) volatility estimator, as the volatility was considered the most important proxy for market uncertainty. Then we used a simple correlation matrix to show initial tendencies. Also, the Johansen's test was used to determine if the indices are cointegrated and if this relationship has changed significantly in the non-crisis periods. We analyze Granger causality and the network approach as proposed by Diebold and Yilmaz (2015). The GK volatility results were individualized in three periods: 2007-2011 as a proxy for the global financial crisis and European sovereign debt; 2012-2019 representing a period of economic recovery and ultimately 2020-2021 representing the data points for the COVID-19 global pandemic. We find that particularly during periods of global distress, correlations between patterns of volatility for the stock market indices from these countries increase, and they exhibit stronger patterns of cointegration. These findings highlight the increasing connectivity in global financial markets and added challenges in crafting portfolio diversification strategies based on geography of stock holdings.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75704082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivana Načinović Braje, D. Hruška, Throstur Olaf Sigurjonsson, Saulė Mačiukaitė-Žvinienė, Laura Mina-Raiu, Corina C. Nastaca, Reyes HERRERO LÓPEZ, Cătălin Ploae
Governance has become a common part of teaching curriculums for most business schools, public administration schools and other related faculties. This paper questions the content of governance curriculums taught before COVID-19 pandemic in 5 European countries and provides a comparative assessment. Research findings indicate that apart from teaching general governance courses, governance is most often taught as specific for certain organizational or industrial context. This is followed with governance from perspective of leadership and change management, but also governance within business administration discipline of strategy. However, the intensity of governance as a topic within curriculums differs significantly. Only limited number of curriculums include resilience topics which have proven their importance during COVID-19 pandemic. Findings of this paper can be used to develop unitary and internationalized curriculums on governance studies at European universities in a post COVID-19 world.
{"title":"Revising the Curriculum of Governance Teaching Post COVID-19","authors":"Ivana Načinović Braje, D. Hruška, Throstur Olaf Sigurjonsson, Saulė Mačiukaitė-Žvinienė, Laura Mina-Raiu, Corina C. Nastaca, Reyes HERRERO LÓPEZ, Cătălin Ploae","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2022.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2022.17","url":null,"abstract":"Governance has become a common part of teaching curriculums for most business schools, public administration schools and other related faculties. This paper questions the content of governance curriculums taught before COVID-19 pandemic in 5 European countries and provides a comparative assessment. Research findings indicate that apart from teaching general governance courses, governance is most often taught as specific for certain organizational or industrial context. This is followed with governance from perspective of leadership and change management, but also governance within business administration discipline of strategy. However, the intensity of governance as a topic within curriculums differs significantly. Only limited number of curriculums include resilience topics which have proven their importance during COVID-19 pandemic. Findings of this paper can be used to develop unitary and internationalized curriculums on governance studies at European universities in a post COVID-19 world.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74699778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adriana Grenčíková, Jozef Habánik, Jana Španková, Matej Húževka, M. Sramka
Economic growth and GDP growth have been dramatically affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Both indicators are the factors that decisively affect the situation in the labour market, which is currently facing major challenges. One of the challenges is aging population. The number of the working- age population is declining, which may also have a significant impact on GDP growth in the future. The main purpose of the study is to analyse past and predicted GDP growth rates and the past and predicted shares of the working age population in the selected economies. Based on the analyses, the study attempts to identify the factors that are able to stimulate GDP growth while the size of working age population is predicted to shrink in the future. In the opening section of the empirical part, a comparison of the GDP evolution in China, Russia, USA, India, Slovakia and the EU is presented. Subsequently, long-term GDP and demographic forecasts are presented. It follows from the analyses that it is necessary to introduce new technologies to replace the shrinking workforce if sustainable economic growth is to achieve.
{"title":"Current Labour Market Challenges in the Light of Future Economic and Demographic Developments","authors":"Adriana Grenčíková, Jozef Habánik, Jana Španková, Matej Húževka, M. Sramka","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2022.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2022.07","url":null,"abstract":"Economic growth and GDP growth have been dramatically affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Both indicators are the factors that decisively affect the situation in the labour market, which is currently facing major challenges. One of the challenges is aging population. The number of the working- age population is declining, which may also have a significant impact on GDP growth in the future. The main purpose of the study is to analyse past and predicted GDP growth rates and the past and predicted shares of the working age population in the selected economies. Based on the analyses, the study attempts to identify the factors that are able to stimulate GDP growth while the size of working age population is predicted to shrink in the future. In the opening section of the empirical part, a comparison of the GDP evolution in China, Russia, USA, India, Slovakia and the EU is presented. Subsequently, long-term GDP and demographic forecasts are presented. It follows from the analyses that it is necessary to introduce new technologies to replace the shrinking workforce if sustainable economic growth is to achieve.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72668207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Economic and Regional Development is a subject of research that is not recent in the international literature. The unequal spatial distribution of income, economic opportunities and activities has attracted the interest of a large number of researchers in recent decades. The studies focused on the spatial disparities between the regions and their evolution over time using statistical analysis methods. In this paper we present a systematic review of the existing literature of economic and regional development through quantitative methods and social network analysis. Via research questions we summarize the different research approaches and offer a discussion and suggestions for future research. To what extent has regional development been studied by quantitative methods? How is research evolving in regional development of the European Union? Has Social Network Analysis been used in the context of regional development? This paper attempts to go one step further and introduce the use of techniques and methods of Social Network Analysis in Economic and Regional Development.
{"title":"Literature Review of Economic and Regional Development through Quantitative Methods and Social Network Analysis","authors":"Pagona Filenta, Dimitrios Kydros","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"Economic and Regional Development is a subject of research that is not recent in the international literature. The unequal spatial distribution of income, economic opportunities and activities has attracted the interest of a large number of researchers in recent decades. The studies focused on the spatial disparities between the regions and their evolution over time using statistical analysis methods. In this paper we present a systematic review of the existing literature of economic and regional development through quantitative methods and social network analysis. Via research questions we summarize the different research approaches and offer a discussion and suggestions for future research. To what extent has regional development been studied by quantitative methods? How is research evolving in regional development of the European Union? Has Social Network Analysis been used in the context of regional development? This paper attempts to go one step further and introduce the use of techniques and methods of Social Network Analysis in Economic and Regional Development.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89516531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The origin of economic preference is still disputable inside general economic theory and, especially, inside microeconomics (more specifically, regarding financial market functioning). The invariant vs. adjustable nature, or the objective vs. subjective character of the economic preference are within the core of conceptual, methodological, and instrumental debates and controversies. The paper enters this polemic with a new proposal, namely a model which builds, for the behaviour on financial market, the concept of propensity (coined by Karl Popper), from the objective/invariant side, and the concept of preference, as a behavioural mix which could be named as proference. To this end, the normative framework of society, viewed as a cultural geodesic will is aimed at to give the relative stability to the preference which, in turn, will act in an adaptive way on the cultural geodesic, in an evolutionary circular causality. Therefore, a new mechanism of financial market functioning – which could be named as Proference-Based Market Hypothesis (PBMH) – is proposed and (in its essential features) discussed. The main findings of the research are: a) although the economic preference is, generally, idiosincratic, however it is (necessarily) anchored to a quasi-objectified (not objective!) pillar, namely, to the cultural geodesic of the society as a whole; b) any economic preference is adaptive, and its adaptivity is so that it enters a co-evolution process with the cultural geodesic; c) in fact, on the financial market we always meet the preference, never we meet neither the propensity (that is, the cultural geodesic per se), nor the preference (that is, the idiosyncrasy per se); d) the concept of preference should be taken over by the financial theory and introduced into the logical and quantitative models of the financial market.
{"title":"Proference: Behavioural Mix Between Propensity and Preference on Financial Market","authors":"E. Dinga","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"The origin of economic preference is still disputable inside general economic theory and, especially, inside microeconomics (more specifically, regarding financial market functioning). The invariant vs. adjustable nature, or the objective vs. subjective character of the economic preference are within the core of conceptual, methodological, and instrumental debates and controversies. The paper enters this polemic with a new proposal, namely a model which builds, for the behaviour on financial market, the concept of propensity (coined by Karl Popper), from the objective/invariant side, and the concept of preference, as a behavioural mix which could be named as proference. To this end, the normative framework of society, viewed as a cultural geodesic will is aimed at to give the relative stability to the preference which, in turn, will act in an adaptive way on the cultural geodesic, in an evolutionary circular causality. Therefore, a new mechanism of financial market functioning – which could be named as Proference-Based Market Hypothesis (PBMH) – is proposed and (in its essential features) discussed. The main findings of the research are: a) although the economic preference is, generally, idiosincratic, however it is (necessarily) anchored to a quasi-objectified (not objective!) pillar, namely, to the cultural geodesic of the society as a whole; b) any economic preference is adaptive, and its adaptivity is so that it enters a co-evolution process with the cultural geodesic; c) in fact, on the financial market we always meet the preference, never we meet neither the propensity (that is, the cultural geodesic per se), nor the preference (that is, the idiosyncrasy per se); d) the concept of preference should be taken over by the financial theory and introduced into the logical and quantitative models of the financial market.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"25 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84153440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Along with the internationally recognized image of Georgian wine and the increase of wine exports, special attention is paid to maintaining and improving the quality of Georgian wine. Taking into account the requirements of the local and international wine markets and, consequently, promoting the development of a competitive market remains a challenge for Georgian law. The creation of favorable conditions for the export of wine at the local and international level implies, first of all, the existence of legal regulations. The aim of the Law of Georgia on Vine and Wine and its accompanying subordinate normative acts is to develop a competitive wine market in Georgia and to protect the interests of consumers, to maintain and grow the international reputation of the Georgian viticulture and winemaking sector. The law was substantially amended in 2017 and the aim of the reform was to adapt to the challenges in the wine sector and bring it closer to international standards. At the same time, the export of Georgian wine to different countries is regulated by a different legal framework. Therefore, it is in our interest to analyze these different legal regulations, which have a direct impact on the opportunities for wine exports from Georgia - the incentive or obstacle to improving the quality of Georgian wine. EU regulations apply to both wines produced in the EU and imported to the EU market, as well as to Georgia, as a third country that has signed the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (DCFTA) with the EU. Russia, Ukraine and the USA are important export markets for Georgia. Georgia has different international legal relations with each of them and, accordingly, the legal requirements for wine exports to these countries are different. The paper examines the current state of the modern Georgian wine market in the context of domestic and international norms regulating wine exports. It is analyzed whether local legislation and international agreements regulating wine exports contribute to the growth of Georgian wine exports and the improvement of wine quality.
{"title":"Recent Opportunities for Increasing Georgian Wine Export - Incentives or Obstacles to Improving Wine Quality","authors":"Tea Kasradze, M. Nutsubidze, Pikria Kapanadze","doi":"10.26417/357fcq80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/357fcq80","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Along with the internationally recognized image of Georgian wine and the increase of wine exports, special attention is paid to maintaining and improving the quality of Georgian wine. Taking into account the requirements of the local and international wine markets and, consequently, promoting the development of a competitive market remains a challenge for Georgian law. The creation of favorable conditions for the export of wine at the local and international level implies, first of all, the existence of legal regulations. The aim of the Law of Georgia on Vine and Wine and its accompanying subordinate normative acts is to develop a competitive wine market in Georgia and to protect the interests of consumers, to maintain and grow the international reputation of the Georgian viticulture and winemaking sector. The law was substantially amended in 2017 and the aim of the reform was to adapt to the challenges in the wine sector and bring it closer to international standards. At the same time, the export of Georgian wine to different countries is regulated by a different legal framework. Therefore, it is in our interest to analyze these different legal regulations, which have a direct impact on the opportunities for wine exports from Georgia - the incentive or obstacle to improving the quality of Georgian wine. EU regulations apply to both wines produced in the EU and imported to the EU market, as well as to Georgia, as a third country that has signed the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (DCFTA) with the EU. Russia, Ukraine and the USA are important export markets for Georgia. Georgia has different international legal relations with each of them and, accordingly, the legal requirements for wine exports to these countries are different. The paper examines the current state of the modern Georgian wine market in the context of domestic and international norms regulating wine exports. It is analyzed whether local legislation and international agreements regulating wine exports contribute to the growth of Georgian wine exports and the improvement of wine quality.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"91 1","pages":"68 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83386641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Living is placed within an environmental fabric consisting of infinite abiotic, biotic and cultural threads. Integrated living is required to be part of this fabric. Ethical living, characterised by knowledge, awareness and responsibility towards the landscape is the only way to protect the environment and enhance its biological and cultural wealth to effectively contribute to the fundamental quality of living and man’s well-being. Ethical living needs active participation shared by the inhabitants in the processes of protection, transformation and management of the landscape. In turn, such participation requires fostering by the ethics of living. In this study, from a phenomenological and hermeneutic viewpoint, I intend to highlight some fundamental structures of living to demonstrate that democratic participation is a determining factor in contributing to the realisation of integrated living, which is indispensable for respect of the landscape to promote quality of life and man’s well-being.
{"title":"The Shared Landscape. Strategies for Ethical and Democratic Living","authors":"Vereno Brugiatelli","doi":"10.26417/745sja68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26417/745sja68","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Living is placed within an environmental fabric consisting of infinite abiotic, biotic and cultural threads. Integrated living is required to be part of this fabric. Ethical living, characterised by knowledge, awareness and responsibility towards the landscape is the only way to protect the environment and enhance its biological and cultural wealth to effectively contribute to the fundamental quality of living and man’s well-being. Ethical living needs active participation shared by the inhabitants in the processes of protection, transformation and management of the landscape. In turn, such participation requires fostering by the ethics of living. In this study, from a phenomenological and hermeneutic viewpoint, I intend to highlight some fundamental structures of living to demonstrate that democratic participation is a determining factor in contributing to the realisation of integrated living, which is indispensable for respect of the landscape to promote quality of life and man’s well-being.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"16 1","pages":"82 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73222857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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