Confronted by rising powers with autocratic structures such as China and Russia, it is essential for the United States to be less dependent on nations that do not share its values. Rather than a new era of isolationism, this essay proposes a renewed sense of confidence and determination for America to continue to be the leader of the Free World. To be able to support others, the U.S. first needs to look after its own interests as a nation-state. Specifically, this means: (1) Gaining and maintaining energy independence by investing in an energy mix that is both economically and ecologically sustainable; (2) Revitalizing manufacturing in the U.S. by creating an investment-friendly environment and taking advantage of the innovative technologies of the Third and Fourth Industrial Revolutions; and (3) Reevaluating the nation’s foreign-policy commitments by rebuilding its military capabilities in order to focus on its own defense and a few key allies, rather than spending resources in engagements that are not directly connected to America’s self-interest.
{"title":"America’s New Independence Day","authors":"Daniel Topf","doi":"10.5840/jis2023351/26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/jis2023351/26","url":null,"abstract":"Confronted by rising powers with autocratic structures such as China and Russia, it is essential for the United States to be less dependent on nations that do not share its values. Rather than a new era of isolationism, this essay proposes a renewed sense of confidence and determination for America to continue to be the leader of the Free World. To be able to support others, the U.S. first needs to look after its own interests as a nation-state. Specifically, this means: (1) Gaining and maintaining energy independence by investing in an energy mix that is both economically and ecologically sustainable; (2) Revitalizing manufacturing in the U.S. by creating an investment-friendly environment and taking advantage of the innovative technologies of the Third and Fourth Industrial Revolutions; and (3) Reevaluating the nation’s foreign-policy commitments by rebuilding its military capabilities in order to focus on its own defense and a few key allies, rather than spending resources in engagements that are not directly connected to America’s self-interest.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136208385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Schmidt, Jan Cornelius. Philosophy of Interdisciplinarity: Studies in Science, Society and Sustainability","authors":"Lynda E. Bair","doi":"10.5840/jis2023351/223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/jis2023351/223","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"2010 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136207765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The geopolitical location between Russia and Germany has historically determined Poland’s foreign policy in which a privileged place has been given to Ukraine. Polish policy-makers perceive Ukrainian independence as the main barrier preventing the restoration of Russian imperial ambitions. Consequently, Poland has been unwavering in its commitment to supporting the Ukrainians in their resistance to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. This attitude is clearly visible in Poland’s Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki’s 2023 lecture at the University of Heidelberg. Nevertheless, relations between Ukraine and Poland, and the current Russia-Ukraine conflict, are far more complex than is mostly acknowledged. The theses on foreign policy that Morawiecki presented may be contested. Polish policy-makers do not recognize that the Ukrainian nationalist ideas, based on the slogan “Nation above all,” are very different from theirs. Upon proper recognition of the multifaceted causes of war, a cease-fire and a peaceful settlement of the crisis could be achieved.
历史上，俄罗斯和德国之间的地缘政治位置决定了波兰的外交政策，其中乌克兰享有特权。波兰的决策者认为乌克兰的独立是阻止俄罗斯恢复帝国野心的主要障碍。因此，波兰一直坚定不移地支持乌克兰人抵抗俄罗斯在2022年2月入侵乌克兰的承诺。这种态度在波兰总理莫拉维茨基(Mateusz Morawiecki) 2023年在海德堡大学(University of Heidelberg)的演讲中清晰可见。然而，乌克兰和波兰之间的关系，以及目前的俄乌冲突，远比大多数人认为的要复杂得多。莫拉维茨基提出的关于外交政策的论点可能会受到质疑。波兰的政策制定者没有意识到，以“民族至上”为口号的乌克兰民族主义思想与他们的截然不同。只要适当认识到战争的多方面原因，就可以实现停火和和平解决危机。
{"title":"Where Are You Going, Ukraine?","authors":"W. Julian Korab-Karpowicz","doi":"10.5840/jis2023351/23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/jis2023351/23","url":null,"abstract":"The geopolitical location between Russia and Germany has historically determined Poland’s foreign policy in which a privileged place has been given to Ukraine. Polish policy-makers perceive Ukrainian independence as the main barrier preventing the restoration of Russian imperial ambitions. Consequently, Poland has been unwavering in its commitment to supporting the Ukrainians in their resistance to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. This attitude is clearly visible in Poland’s Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki’s 2023 lecture at the University of Heidelberg. Nevertheless, relations between Ukraine and Poland, and the current Russia-Ukraine conflict, are far more complex than is mostly acknowledged. The theses on foreign policy that Morawiecki presented may be contested. Polish policy-makers do not recognize that the Ukrainian nationalist ideas, based on the slogan “Nation above all,” are very different from theirs. Upon proper recognition of the multifaceted causes of war, a cease-fire and a peaceful settlement of the crisis could be achieved.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136207766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heriot, Gale & Maimon Schwarschild, eds. A Dubious Expediency: How Race Preferences Damage Higher Education","authors":"Jerry Bergman","doi":"10.5840/jis2023351/218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/jis2023351/218","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136207773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nation-states inevitably attempt to impose their will upon others, such as expressed by Russia in Ukraine today. That reality is determined by the fallenness of creation and inherently self-interested nature of individual and especially collective action, two principles that forge the core of the political theology known as Christian Realism. As the most prominent spokesman for this movement, Reinhold Niebuhr contributed remarkable insights into human nature and institutions in the twentieth century, a time when liberal and totalitarian passions ran high. Contemporary events suggest the need to revisit Niebuhr’s wisdom concerning the corruptions of the human heart and political institutions. This essay examines Russia’s devastation of Ukraine and China’s hegemonic employment of “soft power” in view of Niebuhr’s political theology, with lessons for the wider standoff between liberal democracies and authoritarian governments. It asserts that the intractability of problems in international relations is amplified by the estrangement of politics and theology in our time.
{"title":"Reinhold Neibuhr’s Vision","authors":"Charles A. McDaniel","doi":"10.5840/jis2023351/27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/jis2023351/27","url":null,"abstract":"Nation-states inevitably attempt to impose their will upon others, such as expressed by Russia in Ukraine today. That reality is determined by the fallenness of creation and inherently self-interested nature of individual and especially collective action, two principles that forge the core of the political theology known as Christian Realism. As the most prominent spokesman for this movement, Reinhold Niebuhr contributed remarkable insights into human nature and institutions in the twentieth century, a time when liberal and totalitarian passions ran high. Contemporary events suggest the need to revisit Niebuhr’s wisdom concerning the corruptions of the human heart and political institutions. This essay examines Russia’s devastation of Ukraine and China’s hegemonic employment of “soft power” in view of Niebuhr’s political theology, with lessons for the wider standoff between liberal democracies and authoritarian governments. It asserts that the intractability of problems in international relations is amplified by the estrangement of politics and theology in our time.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136207768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay addresses four of the primary ways that China is deceiving America’s youth into self-defeating and self-destructive behavior. The strategies include global re-education as indoctrination, the production of prerequisite ingredients for fentanyl, hi-tech apps such as TikTok, and Confucius Institutes. The evidence shows that too many Western, including American, policy-makers readily accept Chinese Communist Party’s revisionist history, and tend to disparage what often are reasonably accurate accounts of history from their own countries. The essay also calls for greater awareness and compassion regarding fentanyl opioid addiction and comprehension of TikTok’s deleterious effects. Americans need to be more aware of the views of professors who have participated in Confucius Institutes that compromise academic freedom. The essay concludes that the United States should be more discerning about China’s motives, especially with regards to youths, in extending “soft power” to Sino-form the world, and act to counter China’s quest for world dominance.
{"title":"China’s Deceit of U.S. Youth","authors":"William H. Jeynes","doi":"10.5840/jis2023351/25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/jis2023351/25","url":null,"abstract":"This essay addresses four of the primary ways that China is deceiving America’s youth into self-defeating and self-destructive behavior. The strategies include global re-education as indoctrination, the production of prerequisite ingredients for fentanyl, hi-tech apps such as TikTok, and Confucius Institutes. The evidence shows that too many Western, including American, policy-makers readily accept Chinese Communist Party’s revisionist history, and tend to disparage what often are reasonably accurate accounts of history from their own countries. The essay also calls for greater awareness and compassion regarding fentanyl opioid addiction and comprehension of TikTok’s deleterious effects. Americans need to be more aware of the views of professors who have participated in Confucius Institutes that compromise academic freedom. The essay concludes that the United States should be more discerning about China’s motives, especially with regards to youths, in extending “soft power” to Sino-form the world, and act to counter China’s quest for world dominance.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136207969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ellingsen, Mark. Finding Peaks and Valleys in a Flat World","authors":"Pamela W. Proietti","doi":"10.5840/jis2023351/216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/jis2023351/216","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136207975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay seeks to explore major challenges confronting the United States in a new Cold War era. It proposes that the Cold War entered a new phase, post-1991, with the Soviet Union restructured as the Commonwealth of Independent States. Yet, CIS is increasingly a “Ring of Instability” which Russia seeks to remedy by supporting pro-Russian factions and building new buffer zones after the Russia-Georgia War in 2008, annexing Crimea in 2014, and invading Ukraine in 2022. But P.R. China’s quest for world dominance via extension of “soft power” and “unrestricted warfare” poses an even greater challenge to the Free World. The U.S. confronts a Sino-Russian axis and their client states--North Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Cuba--sharing a Marxist-Leninist ideology and totalitarian one-party systems wrapped in nationalism. While healing its internal social divisions due to identity politics, the U.S. needs to reclaim its technological lead, rebuild its manufacturing, and strengthen alliances, where its partners need to take on greater responsibility for the common defense.
{"title":"The New Cold War: U.S., Russia, P.R. China","authors":"Oskar Gruenwald","doi":"10.5840/jis2023351/21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/jis2023351/21","url":null,"abstract":"This essay seeks to explore major challenges confronting the United States in a new Cold War era. It proposes that the Cold War entered a new phase, post-1991, with the Soviet Union restructured as the Commonwealth of Independent States. Yet, CIS is increasingly a “Ring of Instability” which Russia seeks to remedy by supporting pro-Russian factions and building new buffer zones after the Russia-Georgia War in 2008, annexing Crimea in 2014, and invading Ukraine in 2022. But P.R. China’s quest for world dominance via extension of “soft power” and “unrestricted warfare” poses an even greater challenge to the Free World. The U.S. confronts a Sino-Russian axis and their client states--North Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Cuba--sharing a Marxist-Leninist ideology and totalitarian one-party systems wrapped in nationalism. While healing its internal social divisions due to identity politics, the U.S. needs to reclaim its technological lead, rebuild its manufacturing, and strengthen alliances, where its partners need to take on greater responsibility for the common defense.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136207955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Manent, Pierre. Natural Law and Human Rights: Toward a Recovery of Practical Reason","authors":"Monica D. Merutiu","doi":"10.5840/jis2023351/219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/jis2023351/219","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136207973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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