Milan Talíř, J. Straková, J. Váchal, Jaroslav Kollmann
This research focuses on the application of the Process Value Added (PVA) method in the environment of custom piece production at STS Prachatice a.s. The main objective was to identify the most profitable and most loss-making processes, to evaluate the value added of individual production operations, to assess the potential for outsourcing certain processes, and to analyse the profitability of specific orders. The study uses a selection of 30 atypical orders from 2022, obtaining data on selling prices, production hours and costs associated with production and overhead. The analysis shows that manufacturing processes add the most value, while inspection processes are less profitable. Processes suitable for outsourcing were identified, especially when in-house capacity is not used. It was also found that the most profitable orders are those that combine high product uniqueness with efficient use of materials and production hours. The PVA methodology allowed to quantify the added value in the context of time and cost parameters and revealed that contracts with high time pool and unit costs have the most significant added value. PVA indices were established to better reflect the results achieved. The research findings have practical implications for the organization and efficiency of the production process at STS Prachatice, contribute to the development of business policy and procurement activities, and serve as innovative material for academic purposes. The study demonstrates that the PVA method is an effective tool for analysing and optimising business processes, enabling companies to better understand and manage process value-added in order to increase profitability and competitiveness. The implementation of this method in practice has shown concrete economic benefits and provided valuable information for further business policy and procurement solutions.
{"title":"Analysis of Value-Creating and Supporting Component of the Value Chain in the Production Process","authors":"Milan Talíř, J. Straková, J. Váchal, Jaroslav Kollmann","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2023.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2023.15","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on the application of the Process Value Added (PVA) method in the environment of custom piece production at STS Prachatice a.s. The main objective was to identify the most profitable and most loss-making processes, to evaluate the value added of individual production operations, to assess the potential for outsourcing certain processes, and to analyse the profitability of specific orders. The study uses a selection of 30 atypical orders from 2022, obtaining data on selling prices, production hours and costs associated with production and overhead. The analysis shows that manufacturing processes add the most value, while inspection processes are less profitable. Processes suitable for outsourcing were identified, especially when in-house capacity is not used. It was also found that the most profitable orders are those that combine high product uniqueness with efficient use of materials and production hours. The PVA methodology allowed to quantify the added value in the context of time and cost parameters and revealed that contracts with high time pool and unit costs have the most significant added value. PVA indices were established to better reflect the results achieved. The research findings have practical implications for the organization and efficiency of the production process at STS Prachatice, contribute to the development of business policy and procurement activities, and serve as innovative material for academic purposes. The study demonstrates that the PVA method is an effective tool for analysing and optimising business processes, enabling companies to better understand and manage process value-added in order to increase profitability and competitiveness. The implementation of this method in practice has shown concrete economic benefits and provided valuable information for further business policy and procurement solutions.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"37 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139166040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ján Machyniak, Dalibor Mikuš, Kristína Dzureková, Paulína Srovnalíková
The concept of Smart City represents a resonating theme in the world, which is based on the efforts of the creators of this concept to increase the quality of life in cities. In recent years, it has gradually become a phenomenon that cities around the world are trying to apply. The reason for its introduction is the added value in the form of more efficient functioning of human society, as according to the data available so far, it increases safety in the city, enables more efficient transport of goods, services, human capital, reduces the negative impact on the environment, speeds up administrative processes, increases economic development and brings financial savings. All this is happening against the background of the increased interest of city dwellers in public administration. With these facts in mind, our ambition is to identify the degree of application of the implementation of the Smart City concept in Slovakia and, based on relevant data, create a realistic picture of the possibilities and limits of the concept in our domestic environment. In order to achieve the research objective, we rely on a set of quantitative (questionnaire survey) and qualitative methods (critical analysis) that are also used in social sciences. Based on our research intention, we must draw attention to the obviously negative state of development of this strategic concept at the level of Slovak cities. Because the Smart City concept represents a challenge for the future development of self-government in our environment, it is necessary to reflect on the current starting point and proceed with the implementation of steps aimed at correctly grasping and understanding the importance of the issue by the professional public, municipal politicians and residents of self-governing units. Due to the fact that it is a relatively new topic, there are only a few works dealing with the issue of the Smart City concept or its application in our domestic conditions. Nevertheless, our research intention is open to new knowledge and interpretations by current and future authors who find strength and interest in this issue.
{"title":"Smart City Strategies in Slovak Cities","authors":"Ján Machyniak, Dalibor Mikuš, Kristína Dzureková, Paulína Srovnalíková","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2023.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2023.14","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of Smart City represents a resonating theme in the world, which is based on the efforts of the creators of this concept to increase the quality of life in cities. In recent years, it has gradually become a phenomenon that cities around the world are trying to apply. The reason for its introduction is the added value in the form of more efficient functioning of human society, as according to the data available so far, it increases safety in the city, enables more efficient transport of goods, services, human capital, reduces the negative impact on the environment, speeds up administrative processes, increases economic development and brings financial savings. All this is happening against the background of the increased interest of city dwellers in public administration. With these facts in mind, our ambition is to identify the degree of application of the implementation of the Smart City concept in Slovakia and, based on relevant data, create a realistic picture of the possibilities and limits of the concept in our domestic environment. In order to achieve the research objective, we rely on a set of quantitative (questionnaire survey) and qualitative methods (critical analysis) that are also used in social sciences. Based on our research intention, we must draw attention to the obviously negative state of development of this strategic concept at the level of Slovak cities. Because the Smart City concept represents a challenge for the future development of self-government in our environment, it is necessary to reflect on the current starting point and proceed with the implementation of steps aimed at correctly grasping and understanding the importance of the issue by the professional public, municipal politicians and residents of self-governing units. Due to the fact that it is a relatively new topic, there are only a few works dealing with the issue of the Smart City concept or its application in our domestic conditions. Nevertheless, our research intention is open to new knowledge and interpretations by current and future authors who find strength and interest in this issue.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"193 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robotics has largely developed lately and is currently being used for various types of industries, e.g., manufacturing, military, medicine, education. The purpose of this study is to explore the general perception of robotics, with a focus on its application in higher education in the Industry 4.0 era. Using simple convenience sampling, a number of 365 valid responses were collected from the students enrolled in a South Korean university and exploratory factor analysis was employed. Out of an initial number of 56 items, 33 were retained using the principal component analysis, and six factors were revealed: emotional robots, instructional support robots, instructional subordinate robots, labor force robots, progressive robots and scary robots. Perceptions of male students differ significantly from those of females in some respects – the former believe more that human labor will be replaced by machine labor, that robotics could be helpful in higher education, and that the development of robotics should be promoted by countries. South Korean students, unlike non-South Korean ones, consider to a larger extent that robots can have emotional functions, that they might take the place of human labor and could reduce the job opportunities, while admitting robots’ capacity of making life easier and of creating mutual human-robot learning opportunities. The discussions and implications provided will be useful to managers and policy makers, particularly in education.
{"title":"Perception of Robotics in General and in Higher Education for the Industry 4.0 Era","authors":"Hasan Tinmaz, Mina FANEA-IVANOVICI","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2023.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2023.13","url":null,"abstract":"Robotics has largely developed lately and is currently being used for various types of industries, e.g., manufacturing, military, medicine, education. The purpose of this study is to explore the general perception of robotics, with a focus on its application in higher education in the Industry 4.0 era. Using simple convenience sampling, a number of 365 valid responses were collected from the students enrolled in a South Korean university and exploratory factor analysis was employed. Out of an initial number of 56 items, 33 were retained using the principal component analysis, and six factors were revealed: emotional robots, instructional support robots, instructional subordinate robots, labor force robots, progressive robots and scary robots. Perceptions of male students differ significantly from those of females in some respects – the former believe more that human labor will be replaced by machine labor, that robotics could be helpful in higher education, and that the development of robotics should be promoted by countries. South Korean students, unlike non-South Korean ones, consider to a larger extent that robots can have emotional functions, that they might take the place of human labor and could reduce the job opportunities, while admitting robots’ capacity of making life easier and of creating mutual human-robot learning opportunities. The discussions and implications provided will be useful to managers and policy makers, particularly in education.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"166 S349","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of this research is to identify a suitable monetization model that satisfies the customer segment of a skip-the-line application (app) in Romania. The app will enable clients visiting physical hospitality venues to benefit from a simplified order and payment process, eliminating the need for queueing and waiting, while also enhancing the overall user experience. The purpose is to build a successful, profitable startup around the skip-the-line app. The study is based on data and insights regarding the digitalization of the hospitality industry and the problem of waiting time. Moreover, exploring revenue models for digital products allows for a broad understanding of the market dynamics regarding the skip-the-line app, helping with diversifying revenue sources, prioritising a customer-centric approach and understanding the economic viability of such solutions. The research delves into a comprehensive market analysis to understand the current landscape of the hospitality industry in Romania, alongside investigating multiple approaches that have been implemented in other countries. By identifying key trends and customer preferences, the study gains insights into how consumers interact with digital solutions and their willingness to adopt innovative approaches. These insights help tailor the monetization model to align with customer behaviour and expectations. The theoretical framework used is comprised of Business Model Canvas, Customer Persona Framework and Revenue Model Framework. The monetization model that best satisfies the customer segment of the skip-the-line application was defined in the socioeconomic and business environment of Romania, consisting of a percentage-based cost-sharing approach in which both venues and final consumers contribute to the operational expenses of the app. This adjustment is the outcome of survey responses and expert interviews, promoting fair and active participation from both sides. Customers will benefit from seamless experiences, while venues would be able to serve faster and more organised, leading to increased revenue. These modifications constitute a purposeful shift towards a customer-centric approach, emphasising a transparent and reciprocal exchange of value between venue owners and clients, fostering trust and fairness while aligning the interests of all parties involved.
{"title":"Determining a Revenue Generating Model that Creates Customer Value by Using a Skip-the-line Application in Romania","authors":"Diana-Ioana Sterea","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2023.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2023.16","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this research is to identify a suitable monetization model that satisfies the customer segment of a skip-the-line application (app) in Romania. The app will enable clients visiting physical hospitality venues to benefit from a simplified order and payment process, eliminating the need for queueing and waiting, while also enhancing the overall user experience. The purpose is to build a successful, profitable startup around the skip-the-line app. The study is based on data and insights regarding the digitalization of the hospitality industry and the problem of waiting time. Moreover, exploring revenue models for digital products allows for a broad understanding of the market dynamics regarding the skip-the-line app, helping with diversifying revenue sources, prioritising a customer-centric approach and understanding the economic viability of such solutions. The research delves into a comprehensive market analysis to understand the current landscape of the hospitality industry in Romania, alongside investigating multiple approaches that have been implemented in other countries. By identifying key trends and customer preferences, the study gains insights into how consumers interact with digital solutions and their willingness to adopt innovative approaches. These insights help tailor the monetization model to align with customer behaviour and expectations. The theoretical framework used is comprised of Business Model Canvas, Customer Persona Framework and Revenue Model Framework. The monetization model that best satisfies the customer segment of the skip-the-line application was defined in the socioeconomic and business environment of Romania, consisting of a percentage-based cost-sharing approach in which both venues and final consumers contribute to the operational expenses of the app. This adjustment is the outcome of survey responses and expert interviews, promoting fair and active participation from both sides. Customers will benefit from seamless experiences, while venues would be able to serve faster and more organised, leading to increased revenue. These modifications constitute a purposeful shift towards a customer-centric approach, emphasising a transparent and reciprocal exchange of value between venue owners and clients, fostering trust and fairness while aligning the interests of all parties involved.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Green governance is an emerging field, attracting increasing attention from scholars, and governments have been using a range of policy tools to support the transition to green economy, including regulation; financial incentives; voluntary agreements; fiscal measures; public sector procurement; targeting to the deployment of clean energy technologies. Greece has little experience in developing comprehensive long-term energy and climate strategies; thus, it is imperative that governance and analytical underpinning of long-term energy and climate planning be improved, and investment needs and innovative financing instruments for clean energy technologies analysed. To investigate the critical issue of state and entrepreneurship synergies in the framework of the green economy, the present survey employed a web-based questionnaire distributed to 417 small and medium sized enterprises in Western Macedonia from September to December 2021. Data analysis involved an exploratory factor and logistic regression analysis, creating a statistical model with three independent factors describing basic tools of the green economy. The results showed that, in Greece, state environmental governance is often perceived as inadequate, scarce, or constrained by considerations of economic growth. In addition, the research indicates that government policies with regards to environmental law implementation are mainly restricted to the "command and control" regulatory model, which fails to address green innovation and entrepreneurship and promote synergies between the private sector and the State. The analyses demonstrate that if government revenues are heavily reliant on taxes and fines, their capacity to finance structural adjustment programs can be severely affected, and alternative approaches are necessary to achieve the green growth.
{"title":"State and Entrepreneurship on the Road to Green Growth in a Post Lignite Era: Friends or Foes?","authors":"G. Avlogiaris, P. Farmaki, A. Katarachia","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2023.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2023.18","url":null,"abstract":"Green governance is an emerging field, attracting increasing attention from scholars, and governments have been using a range of policy tools to support the transition to green economy, including regulation; financial incentives; voluntary agreements; fiscal measures; public sector procurement; targeting to the deployment of clean energy technologies. Greece has little experience in developing comprehensive long-term energy and climate strategies; thus, it is imperative that governance and analytical underpinning of long-term energy and climate planning be improved, and investment needs and innovative financing instruments for clean energy technologies analysed. To investigate the critical issue of state and entrepreneurship synergies in the framework of the green economy, the present survey employed a web-based questionnaire distributed to 417 small and medium sized enterprises in Western Macedonia from September to December 2021. Data analysis involved an exploratory factor and logistic regression analysis, creating a statistical model with three independent factors describing basic tools of the green economy. The results showed that, in Greece, state environmental governance is often perceived as inadequate, scarce, or constrained by considerations of economic growth. In addition, the research indicates that government policies with regards to environmental law implementation are mainly restricted to the \"command and control\" regulatory model, which fails to address green innovation and entrepreneurship and promote synergies between the private sector and the State. The analyses demonstrate that if government revenues are heavily reliant on taxes and fines, their capacity to finance structural adjustment programs can be severely affected, and alternative approaches are necessary to achieve the green growth.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"98 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonja Höller, Thomas Dilger, Teresa Spiess, Christian Ploder, R. Bernsteiner
The infrastructure of the Internet is based on algorithms that enable the use of search engines, social networks, and much more. Algorithms themselves may vary in functionality, but many of them have the potential to reinforce, accentuate, and systematize age-old prejudices, biases, and implicit assumptions of society. Awareness of algorithms thus becomes an issue of agency, public life, and democracy. Nonetheless, as research showed, people are lacking algorithm awareness. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the extent to which people are aware of unethical artificial intelligence and what actions they can take against it (mitigation measures). A survey addressing these factors yielded 291 valid responses. To examine the data and the relationship between the constructs in the model, partial least square structural modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied using the Smart PLS 3 tool. The empirical results demonstrate that awareness of mitigation measures is influenced by the self-efficacy of the user. However, trust in the algorithmic platform has no significant influence. In addition, the explainability of an algorithmic platform has a significant influence on the user's self-efficacy and should therefore be considered when setting up the platform. The most frequently mentioned mitigation measures by survey participants are laws and regulations, various types of algorithm audits, and education and training. This work thus provides new empirical insights for researchers and practitioners in the field of ethical artificial intelligence.
{"title":"Awareness of Unethical Artificial Intelligence and its Mitigation Measures","authors":"Sonja Höller, Thomas Dilger, Teresa Spiess, Christian Ploder, R. Bernsteiner","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2023.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2023.17","url":null,"abstract":"The infrastructure of the Internet is based on algorithms that enable the use of search engines, social networks, and much more. Algorithms themselves may vary in functionality, but many of them have the potential to reinforce, accentuate, and systematize age-old prejudices, biases, and implicit assumptions of society. Awareness of algorithms thus becomes an issue of agency, public life, and democracy. Nonetheless, as research showed, people are lacking algorithm awareness. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the extent to which people are aware of unethical artificial intelligence and what actions they can take against it (mitigation measures). A survey addressing these factors yielded 291 valid responses. To examine the data and the relationship between the constructs in the model, partial least square structural modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied using the Smart PLS 3 tool. The empirical results demonstrate that awareness of mitigation measures is influenced by the self-efficacy of the user. However, trust in the algorithmic platform has no significant influence. In addition, the explainability of an algorithmic platform has a significant influence on the user's self-efficacy and should therefore be considered when setting up the platform. The most frequently mentioned mitigation measures by survey participants are laws and regulations, various types of algorithm audits, and education and training. This work thus provides new empirical insights for researchers and practitioners in the field of ethical artificial intelligence.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The new United Nations (UN) sustainable development (SD) agenda in 2015 heralded the beginning of a new global effort for the planet's sustainability through the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). They provide a framework for all countries, regardless of income levels, to guide national planning for achieving SD. Climate change may impact almost all SDGs and vice versa, though, of the 17 SDGs, the 13th is designated to climate action. The growing concern for environmental degradation has raised the question of how countries will manage to achieve SDGs and whether the answer can be found in their institutions. Reducing emissions necessitates environmental policies influenced by political institutions that shape policy adoption and implementation. This paper aims to analyze the effects of institutions adopting the dimensions of good governance on particular SDG indicators of the 13th SDG by using a Nonparametric Kernel Regression framework and a panel data set of 5 Western Balkans (WB) countries from 2000 to 2020. The target countries share the ambition of EU accession and hold the EU candidate status. WB countries spark our interest because of the severe institutional governance problems, which limit their ability to progress towards SDGs. The paper's empirical analysis uses a specific SDG indicator for the 13 SDG of the Europe Sustainable Development Report, similar to that used by the OECD for the report on Measuring Distance to the SDG Targets. The analysis includes as independent variables the World Governance Indicators (WGI). Contributing to the existing literature on institutions and SD, the novelty of our approach is the use of the WGI with SDG indicators in measuring the impact of quality of governance on the progress towards the 13th SDG referring to climate action.
{"title":"Exploring the Role of Institutional Governance in Climate Action in the Western Balkans Economies","authors":"Eirini Triarchi, Georgios Kolias, Efstratios Kypriotelis","doi":"10.24818/ejis.2023.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24818/ejis.2023.19","url":null,"abstract":"The new United Nations (UN) sustainable development (SD) agenda in 2015 heralded the beginning of a new global effort for the planet's sustainability through the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). They provide a framework for all countries, regardless of income levels, to guide national planning for achieving SD. Climate change may impact almost all SDGs and vice versa, though, of the 17 SDGs, the 13th is designated to climate action. The growing concern for environmental degradation has raised the question of how countries will manage to achieve SDGs and whether the answer can be found in their institutions. Reducing emissions necessitates environmental policies influenced by political institutions that shape policy adoption and implementation. This paper aims to analyze the effects of institutions adopting the dimensions of good governance on particular SDG indicators of the 13th SDG by using a Nonparametric Kernel Regression framework and a panel data set of 5 Western Balkans (WB) countries from 2000 to 2020. The target countries share the ambition of EU accession and hold the EU candidate status. WB countries spark our interest because of the severe institutional governance problems, which limit their ability to progress towards SDGs. The paper's empirical analysis uses a specific SDG indicator for the 13 SDG of the Europe Sustainable Development Report, similar to that used by the OECD for the report on Measuring Distance to the SDG Targets. The analysis includes as independent variables the World Governance Indicators (WGI). Contributing to the existing literature on institutions and SD, the novelty of our approach is the use of the WGI with SDG indicators in measuring the impact of quality of governance on the progress towards the 13th SDG referring to climate action.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Law and Economics literature has dealt with the factors determining the demand side of justice for more than 40 years. Both theorists of economic analysis and applied researchers have focused on the different variables that influence demand, such as direct and indirect costs, the chances of winning, the chances to settle out of court and delay, among others, which in turn may be affected by the judges, lawyers and parties incentives. Many of these variables cannot be directly observed by the ordinary citizen. In this paper, we contribute to the Law and Economics literature by showing that Big Data must be considered a new way to approach demand for court and legal services as it introduces new criteria to take into account and a new way to make the decision of whether or not to proceed to trial.
{"title":"Big Data and the Demand for Court and Legal Services","authors":"Carmen Vargas Pérez, Juan Luis Peñaloza Figueroa","doi":"10.2478/ejis-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ejis-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Law and Economics literature has dealt with the factors determining the demand side of justice for more than 40 years. Both theorists of economic analysis and applied researchers have focused on the different variables that influence demand, such as direct and indirect costs, the chances of winning, the chances to settle out of court and delay, among others, which in turn may be affected by the judges, lawyers and parties incentives. Many of these variables cannot be directly observed by the ordinary citizen. In this paper, we contribute to the Law and Economics literature by showing that Big Data must be considered a new way to approach demand for court and legal services as it introduces new criteria to take into account and a new way to make the decision of whether or not to proceed to trial.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N.T. Pham, T.L.M Verdoes, M.L. Lycklama a Nijeholt, J. Nijland
Abstract This article provides additional insight on the effectiveness of long-term value creation as a legally enforceable norm in the corporate governance system and provides a framework to anchor long-term value creation in takeover decisions. Since the 2008 financial crisis, a growing number of voices in the business world, government and academia, have urged Western economies to move towards a long-term sustainable growth agenda. Boards have a vital part to play in the development of responsible companies. Corporate governance should encourage boards to do so. This could be viewed as a reaction to the negative effects of capital markets and the resulting short-termism. One key method to encourage sustainable value creation in companies is by incorporating long-term value creation as an open norm in corporate governance systems. In the case of a hostile takeover, the risk of short-termism is exacerbated. As a guiding principle, long-term value (LTV) creation should prevent hostile takeovers that could harm the success of the company concerned. In this research paper, we argue that the recent shift in Dutch case law and revision of the Corporate Governance Code in the Netherlands may serve as an important catalyst for ‘sustainable’ takeover decisions. Through ground-breaking judgments by the Dutch Supreme Court and Enterprise Court, Cancun and Akzo Nobel , LTV has acquired the status of an enforceable norm. We investigated whether this legal norm is empirically substantiated. The research results allow us to make well-grounded statements about the effectiveness of enforcing LTV in future hostile takeover situations.
{"title":"Shifting Paradigm? Long-Term Value Creation as a Normative Principle in a Hostile Takeover: Evidence from the Netherlands","authors":"N.T. Pham, T.L.M Verdoes, M.L. Lycklama a Nijeholt, J. Nijland","doi":"10.2478/ejis-2023-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ejis-2023-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article provides additional insight on the effectiveness of long-term value creation as a legally enforceable norm in the corporate governance system and provides a framework to anchor long-term value creation in takeover decisions. Since the 2008 financial crisis, a growing number of voices in the business world, government and academia, have urged Western economies to move towards a long-term sustainable growth agenda. Boards have a vital part to play in the development of responsible companies. Corporate governance should encourage boards to do so. This could be viewed as a reaction to the negative effects of capital markets and the resulting short-termism. One key method to encourage sustainable value creation in companies is by incorporating long-term value creation as an open norm in corporate governance systems. In the case of a hostile takeover, the risk of short-termism is exacerbated. As a guiding principle, long-term value (LTV) creation should prevent hostile takeovers that could harm the success of the company concerned. In this research paper, we argue that the recent shift in Dutch case law and revision of the Corporate Governance Code in the Netherlands may serve as an important catalyst for ‘sustainable’ takeover decisions. Through ground-breaking judgments by the Dutch Supreme Court and Enterprise Court, Cancun and Akzo Nobel , LTV has acquired the status of an enforceable norm. We investigated whether this legal norm is empirically substantiated. The research results allow us to make well-grounded statements about the effectiveness of enforcing LTV in future hostile takeover situations.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract There have been many “end of affair” comments on the Anglo-American special relationship (AASR) in the post-Cold War era. Notwithstanding this, the AASR has managed to persist without losing its vitality up to the present. This article seeks to explain the persistence of the AASR from the perspective of collective identity. It argues that a strong Anglo-American collective identity has been an indispensable positive contributor to the persistence of the AASR after the end of the Cold War. The strong Anglo-American collective identity facilitates Anglo-American common threat perceptions, solidifies embedded trust between the UK and the USA, and prescribes norms of appropriate behaviour for these two countries.
{"title":"Collective Identity, Anglo-Saxon Bond and the Persistence of the Anglo-American Special Relationship","authors":"Ruike Xu","doi":"10.2478/ejis-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ejis-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There have been many “end of affair” comments on the Anglo-American special relationship (AASR) in the post-Cold War era. Notwithstanding this, the AASR has managed to persist without losing its vitality up to the present. This article seeks to explain the persistence of the AASR from the perspective of collective identity. It argues that a strong Anglo-American collective identity has been an indispensable positive contributor to the persistence of the AASR after the end of the Cold War. The strong Anglo-American collective identity facilitates Anglo-American common threat perceptions, solidifies embedded trust between the UK and the USA, and prescribes norms of appropriate behaviour for these two countries.","PeriodicalId":36073,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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