Global Energy Interconnection最新文献_第5页

Potential of hydrogen production from intermittent renewable energy resources in different locations of Nigeria: Technical, economic and environmental perspective 尼日利亚不同地区间歇式可再生能源制氢的潜力：技术、经济和环境视角

IF 1.9 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Global Energy Interconnection

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2025.04.002

Richard Oladayo Olarewaju , Ayodeji Samson Olatunji Ogunjuyigbe , Temitope Raphael Ayodele , Samson Oladayo Ayanlade , Yuming Feng , Chaoran Liu

In this study, ten wind turbines and fourteen solar photovoltaic (SPV) modules were employed to compare the potential of hydrogen production from wind and solar energy resources in the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. The amount of hydrogen produced was considered as a technical parameter, cost of hydrogen production was considered as an economic index, and the amount of carbon (IV) oxide saved from the use of diesel fuel was considered as an environmental index. The results reveal that ENERCON E-40 turbine yields the highest capacity factor in Lagos, Jos, Sokoto, Bauchi and Enugu sites while FUHRLAENDER, GMBH yields the highest capacity factor in Delta. The mean annual hydrogen production from wind ranged from 2.05 tons/annum at site S6 (Delta) to 17.33 tons/annum at site S3 (Sokoto), and the mean annual hydrogen production from SPV ranged from 64.33 tons/annum at sites S1 (Lagos) to 140.28 tons/annum at site S6 (Delta). The cost of hydrogen production from wind was 6.3679 and 25.9007$/kg for sites S3 and S6, respectively, and the cost of hydrogen production from SPV was 5.6659 and 6.1206$/kg for sites S3 and S1, respectively. The amount of CO₂ saved annually from wind-based hydrogen generation was 137,267 kg/year in site S6 and 504,180 kg/year in site S3, and was used to produce electricity via fuel cells. The amount of CO₂ saved using hydrogen produced from SPV was 615,400 kg/year and 1,341,899 kg/year in sites S1 and S6, respectively. The results also revealed that 75.55%, 88.93%, 80.28%, 80.54%, 85.65%, 98.53% more hydrogen could be produced from SPV for sites S1–S6, respectively, compared to the wind resources. This study serves as a source of reliable technical information to relevant government agencies, policy makers and investors in making informed decisions on optimal investment in the hydrogen economy of Nigeria.

在这项研究中，使用了10个风力涡轮机和14个太阳能光伏（SPV）模块来比较尼日利亚六个地缘政治区域风能和太阳能资源的氢气生产潜力。以产氢量为技术参数，以制氢成本为经济指标，以柴油使用节省的氧化碳（IV）量为环境指标。结果显示，ENERCON E-40涡轮机在拉各斯，乔斯，索科托，包奇和埃努古站点产生最高的容量因子，而FUHRLAENDER， GMBH在Delta产生最高的容量因子。S6站点（Delta）的平均年风能产氢量为2.05吨/年，S3站点（索科托）的平均年风能产氢量为17.33吨/年，S1站点（拉各斯）的平均年SPV产氢量为64.33吨/年，S6站点（Delta）的平均年氢气量为140.28吨/年。S3和S6站点的风能制氢成本分别为6.3679和25.9007美元/kg， S3和S1站点的SPV制氢成本分别为5.6659和6.1206美元/kg。在S6基地，风能制氢每年节省的二氧化碳量为137,267 kg/年，在S3基地为504,180 kg/年，并用于通过燃料电池发电。在S1和S6站点，使用SPV产生的氢气节省的二氧化碳量分别为615,400 kg/年和1,341,899 kg/年。结果还表明，与风力资源相比，s1 ~ s6的SPV产氢量分别增加了75.55%、88.93%、80.28%、80.54%、85.65%、98.53%。本研究为相关政府机构、政策制定者和投资者提供了可靠的技术信息来源，有助于他们就尼日利亚氢经济的最佳投资做出明智的决策。

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引用次数: 0

SP-RF-ARIMA: A sparse random forest and ARIMA hybrid model for electric load forecasting SP-RF-ARIMA：用于电力负荷预测的稀疏随机森林和ARIMA混合模型

IF 1.9 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Global Energy Interconnection

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2025.04.003

Kamran Hassanpouri Baesmat , Farhad Shokoohi , Zeinab Farrokhi

Accurate Electric Load Forecasting (ELF) is crucial for optimizing production capacity, improving operational efficiency, and managing energy resources effectively. Moreover, precise ELF contributes to a smaller environmental footprint by reducing the risks of disruption, downtime, and waste. However, with increasingly complex energy consumption patterns driven by renewable energy integration and changing consumer behaviors, no single approach has emerged as universally effective. In response, this research presents a hybrid modeling framework that combines the strengths of Random Forest (RF) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models, enhanced with advanced feature selection—Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevancy and Maximum Synergy (MRMRMS) method—to produce a sparse model. Additionally, the residual patterns are analyzed to enhance forecast accuracy. High-resolution weather data from Weather Underground and historical energy consumption data from PJM for Duke Energy Ohio and Kentucky (DEO&K) are used in this application. This methodology, termed SP-RF-ARIMA, is evaluated against existing approaches; it demonstrates more than 40% reduction in mean absolute error and root mean square error compared to the second-best method.

准确的电力负荷预测（ELF）对于优化生产能力、提高运行效率和有效管理能源资源至关重要。此外，精确的ELF通过减少中断、停机和浪费的风险，有助于减少环境足迹。然而，在可再生能源整合和消费者行为变化的驱动下，能源消费模式日益复杂，没有一种方法是普遍有效的。为此，本研究提出了一种混合建模框架，该框架结合了随机森林（RF）和自回归综合移动平均（ARIMA）模型的优势，并辅以先进的特征选择——最小冗余、最大关联和最大协同（MRMRMS）方法——来生成稀疏模型。此外，对残差模式进行了分析，以提高预报精度。该应用程序使用了来自weather Underground的高分辨率天气数据和来自PJM的Duke energy Ohio和Kentucky （DEO&；K）的历史能耗数据。这种被称为SP-RF-ARIMA的方法是根据现有方法进行评估的；与第二好的方法相比，它的平均绝对误差和均方根误差降低了40%以上。

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引用次数: 0

Optimal scheduling method for multi-regional integrated energy system based on dynamic robust optimization algorithm and bi-level Stackelberg model 基于动态鲁棒优化算法和双层Stackelberg模型的多区域综合能源系统最优调度方法

IF 1.9 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Global Energy Interconnection

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2024.11.018

Bo Zhou, Erchao Li, Wenjing Liang

In this study, we construct a bi-level optimization model based on the Stackelberg game and propose a robust optimization algorithm for solving the bi-level model, assuming an actual situation with several participants in energy trading. Firstly, the energy trading process is analyzed between each subject based on the establishment of the operation framework of multi-agent participation in energy trading. Secondly, the optimal operation model of each energy trading agent is established to develop a bi-level game model including each energy participant. Finally, a combination algorithm of improved robust optimization over time (ROOT) and CPLEX is proposed to solve the established game model. The experimental results indicate that under different fitness thresholds, the robust optimization results of the proposed algorithm are increased by 56.91 % and 68.54 %, respectively. The established bi-level game model effectively balances the benefits of different energy trading entities. The proposed algorithm proposed can increase the income of each participant in the game by an average of 8.59 %.

本文构建了基于Stackelberg博弈的双层优化模型，并提出了求解双层优化模型的鲁棒优化算法。首先，在建立多主体参与能源交易操作框架的基础上，分析了各主体之间的能源交易过程。其次，建立了各能源交易主体的最优运行模型，建立了包括各能源参与者在内的双层博弈模型；最后，提出了一种改进的鲁棒随时间优化（ROOT）和CPLEX的组合算法来求解所建立的博弈模型。实验结果表明，在不同适应度阈值下，本文算法的鲁棒性优化结果分别提高了56.91%和68.54%。建立的双层博弈模型有效地平衡了不同能源交易主体的利益。所提出的算法可以使博弈中每个参与者的收入平均增加8.59%。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of flexible interconnection strategies for the integration of electric vehicles and renewable energy in load-centric distribution networks 以负荷为中心的配电网中电动汽车与可再生能源集成的柔性互联策略评估

IF 1.9 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Global Energy Interconnection

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2025.04.001

Guowei Liu , Liming Wang , Kangsheng Cui , Peiqian Guo , Hao Dai , Min Guo , Lisheng Xin

Flexible interconnection devices (FIDs) significantly enhance the regulation and management of complex power flows in distribution networks. Voltage source converter (VSC)-based FIDs, in particular, are pivotal for increasing system reliability and operational efficiency. These devices are crucial in supporting the extensive incorporation of electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy sources (RESs) into new, load-centric environments. This study evaluates four unique FID-based configurations for distribution network interconnections, revealing their distinctive features. We developed a comprehensive evaluation framework and tool by integrating the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE), which includes five key performance indicators to assess these configurations. The study identifies the optimal application scenarios for each configuration and discusses their roles in enabling the seamless integration of EVs and RESs. The findings provide essential insights and guidelines for the design and implementation of adaptable, interconnected distribution networks that are equipped to meet the growing demands of future urban environments.

柔性互联装置（FIDs）大大提高了配电网中复杂潮流的调节和管理能力。特别是基于电压源变换器（VSC）的FIDs，对于提高系统可靠性和运行效率至关重要。这些设备对于支持将电动汽车（ev）和可再生能源（RESs）广泛整合到新的以负载为中心的环境中至关重要。本研究评估了配电网互连的四种独特的基于fid的配置，揭示了它们的独特特征。结合层次分析法（AHP）和模糊综合评价法（FCE），构建了一个综合评价框架和工具，其中包括5个关键绩效指标来评价这些配置。该研究确定了每种配置的最佳应用场景，并讨论了它们在实现电动汽车和RESs无缝集成方面的作用。研究结果为设计和实施适应性强、相互连接的配电网络提供了重要的见解和指导方针，以满足未来城市环境日益增长的需求。

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引用次数: 0

Coordinated optimization of P2P energy trading and network operation for active distribution network with multi-microgrids 多微电网有源配电网P2P能源交易与网络运行协调优化

IF 1.9 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Global Energy Interconnection

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2025.01.007

Peishuai Li , Yihan Wang , Tao Zheng , Yulong Jin , Weizhi Yuan , Wenwen Guo

Microgrids (MGs) and active distribution networks (ADNs) are important platforms for distributed energy resource (DER) consumption. The increasing penetration of DERs has motivated the development ADNs coupled with MGs. This paper proposes a distributed co-optimization method for peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading and network operation for an ADN integrated with multiple microgrids (MMGs). A framework that optimizes P2P energy trading among MMGs and ADN operations was first established. Subsequently, an energy management model that aims to minimize the operation and energy trading costs was constructed for each MG. Accordingly, the MMGs’ cooperative game model was established based on Nash bargaining theory to incentivize each stakeholder to participate in P2P energy trading, and a distributed solution method based on the alternating direction method of multipliers was developed. Moreover, an algorithm that adjusts the amount of energy trading between the ADN and MG is proposed to ensure safe operation of the distribution network. With the communication between the MG and ADN, the MMGs’ P2P trading and ADN operations are optimized in a coordinated manner. Finally, numerical simulations were conducted to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.

微电网（MGs）和有源配电网（ADNs）是分布式能源消耗的重要平台。der的日益普及推动了ADNs与mg耦合的发展。针对集成了多个微电网的ADN，提出了一种点对点能源交易和网络运行的分布式协同优化方法。首先建立了一个优化mmg和ADN业务之间P2P能源交易的框架。在此基础上，构建了以各MG的运营成本和能源交易成本最小化为目标的能源管理模型。据此，基于纳什议价理论建立了mmg合作博弈模型，以激励各利益相关者参与P2P能源交易，并提出了基于乘数交替方向法的分布式求解方法。在此基础上，提出了一种调整ADN与MG之间能量交易量的算法，以保证配电网的安全运行。通过MG和ADN之间的通信，可以协调优化MG的P2P交易和ADN操作。最后，通过数值仿真验证了所提方法的准确性和有效性。

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引用次数: 0

A review of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) incorporation in the hydrogen production process 光伏/热（PV/T）技术在制氢过程中的应用综述

IF 1.9 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Global Energy Interconnection

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2025.03.001

Hussein A. Kazem , Miqdam T. Chaichan , Ali H.A. Al-Waeli , K. Sopian , Waheeb E. Alnaser , Lawrence Kazmerski , Naser W. Alnaser

Integrating the photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system in green hydrogen production is an improvement in sustainable energy technologies. In PV/T systems, solar energy is converted into electricity and thermal energy simultaneously using hot water or air together with electricity. This dual use saves a significant amount of energy and officially fights greenhouse gases. Different cooling techniques have been proposed in the literature for improving the overall performance of the PV/T systems; employing different types of agents including nanofluids and phase change materials. Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe and has later turned into a flexible energy carrier for transportation and other industrial applications. Issues, including the processes of Hydrogen manufacturing, preservation as well as some risks act as barriers. This paper provides an analysis of several recent publications on the efficiency of using PV/T technology in the process of green hydrogen production and indicates the potential for its increased efficiency as compared to conventional systems that rely on fossil fuels. Due to the effective integration of solar energy, the PV/T system can play an important role in the reduction of the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) and hence play an important part in reducing the economic calculations of the decarbonized energy system.

将光伏/热（PV/T）系统集成到绿色制氢中是可持续能源技术的改进。在PV/T系统中，利用热水或空气与电一起将太阳能同时转化为电能和热能。这种双重用途节省了大量的能源，并正式对抗温室气体。文献中提出了不同的冷却技术，以提高PV/T系统的整体性能；采用不同类型的药剂，包括纳米流体和相变材料。氢是宇宙中最轻、最丰富的元素，后来成为运输和其他工业应用的灵活的能源载体。氢的制造过程、保存以及一些风险等问题都是障碍。本文分析了最近几篇关于在绿色制氢过程中使用PV/T技术的效率的出版物，并指出了与依赖化石燃料的传统系统相比，其提高效率的潜力。由于太阳能的有效集成，PV/T系统可以在降低氢的平准化成本（LCOH）方面发挥重要作用，从而在减少脱碳能源系统的经济计算方面发挥重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the capacity value of demand flexibility from aggregated small Internet data centers in power distribution systems 分布式系统中聚合小型互联网数据中心的需求灵活性容量价值评估

IF 1.9 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Global Energy Interconnection

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2024.08.013

Bo Zeng, Xinzhu Xu, Fulin Yang

With the advent of the digital economy, there has been a rapid proliferation of small-scale Internet data centers (SIDCs). By leveraging their spatiotemporal load regulation potential through data workload balancing, aggregated SIDCs have emerged as promising demand response (DR) resources for future power distribution systems. This paper presents an innovative framework for assessing capacity value (CV) by aggregating SIDCs participating in DR programs (SIDC-DR). Initially, we delineate the concept of CV tailored for aggregated SIDC scenarios and establish a metric for the assessment. Considering the effects of the data load dynamics, equipment constraints, and user behavior, we developed a sophisticated DR model for aggregated SIDCs using a data network aggregation method. Unlike existing studies, the proposed model captures the uncertainties associated with end tenant decisions to opt into an SIDC-DR program by utilizing a novel uncertainty modeling approach called Z-number formulation. This approach accounts for both the uncertainty in user participation intentions and the reliability of basic information during the DR process, enabling high-resolution profiling of the SIDC-DR potential in the CV evaluation. Simulation results from numerical studies conducted on a modified IEEE-33 node distribution system confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach and highlighted the potential benefits of SIDC-DR utilization in the efficient operation of future power systems.

随着数字经济的到来，小型互联网数据中心（sidc）迅速扩散。通过数据工作负载平衡，利用其时空负载调节潜力，聚合sidc已成为未来配电系统中有前途的需求响应（DR）资源。本文提出了一个通过汇总参与DR计划的SIDC-DR来评估能力价值（CV）的创新框架。首先，我们描述了为综合SIDC情景量身定制的CV概念，并建立了评估指标。考虑到数据负载动态、设备约束和用户行为的影响，我们使用数据网络聚合方法为聚合sidc开发了一个复杂的DR模型。与现有的研究不同，该模型利用一种称为z数公式的新型不确定性建模方法，捕捉了与最终租户选择加入SIDC-DR计划相关的不确定性。该方法既考虑了用户参与意图的不确定性，也考虑了DR过程中基本信息的可靠性，从而能够在CV评估中对SIDC-DR潜力进行高分辨率分析。在改进的IEEE-33节点配电系统上进行的数值研究的仿真结果证实了所提出方法的有效性，并强调了利用SIDC-DR在未来电力系统高效运行中的潜在效益。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing PV power utilization in standalone battery systems with forecast-based charging management strategy 基于预测的充电管理策略优化独立电池系统的光伏发电利用率

IF 1.9 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Global Energy Interconnection

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2025.01.006

Utpal Kumar Das , Ashish Kumar Karmaker

Optimizing photovoltaic (PV) power utilization in battery systems is challenging due to solar intermittency, battery efficiency, and lifespan management. This paper proposes a novel forecast-based battery charging management (BCM) strategy to enhance PV power utilization. A string of Li-ion battery cells with diverse capacities and states of charge (SOC) is contemplated in this constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) battery-charging scheme. Significant amounts of PV power are often wasted because the CC/CV mode cannot fully exploit the available power to maintain appropriate charging rates. To address this issue, the proposed BCM algorithm selects an optimal set of battery cells for charging at any given time based on forecasted PV power generation, ensuring maximum power is obtained from the PV system. Additionally, a support vector regression (SVR)-based forecasting model is developed to predict PV power generation precisely. The results indicate that the anticipated BCM strategy achieves an overall utilization rate of 87.47% of the PV-generated power for battery charging under various weather conditions.

由于太阳能间歇性、电池效率和寿命管理，优化电池系统中的光伏（PV）功率利用率具有挑战性。本文提出了一种基于预测的电池充电管理策略，以提高光伏发电的利用率。在这种恒流/恒压（CC/CV）电池充电方案中，考虑了一系列具有不同容量和充电状态（SOC）的锂离子电池。由于CC/CV模式不能充分利用可用功率来维持适当的充电速率，因此经常浪费大量的PV功率。为了解决这一问题，本文提出的BCM算法根据预测的光伏发电量，在任意给定的时间选择一组最优的电池进行充电，以确保光伏系统获得最大功率。在此基础上，建立了基于支持向量回归（SVR）的光伏发电预测模型。结果表明，在各种天气条件下，预期BCM策略实现了87.47%的光伏发电电池充电总利用率。

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引用次数: 0

Techno-economic modeling and analysis of a PV EV charged with battery energy storage system (BESS) on Kalimantan Island 加里曼丹岛充电电池储能系统（BESS）光伏电动汽车的技术经济建模与分析

IF 1.9 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Global Energy Interconnection

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2025.01.003

Aripriharta , Satria Adiguna , Arif N. Afandi , Muhammad Cahyo Bagaskoro

This research examines the optimal combination of solar panel and battery capacity in hybrid systems in 11 cities on the island of Borneo, utilizing the region’s significant solar energy potential and high irradiation levels. This research analyses the optimal combination of solar panels and battery capacity in 11 cities in Kalimantan using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithms to maximize energy output, reduce levelised energy costs, and maximally reduce carbon emissions. Results show Tarakan as the most optimal location, generating 215,804.88 kWh for IDR 916.9/kWh and lowering emissions by 435,884.29 kgCO₂e, while Samarinda is the least optimal location. Economically, electricity tariffs of IDR 2,466.78/kWh and IDR 2,000/kWh generate a positive Net Present Value (NPV) with a payback period (PP) of 9–12 years, while a tariff of IDR 1,500/kWh is considered unfavorable. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of PSO and GWO in optimizing the renewable energy system and confirm the project’s financial viability, with a positive NPV and reasonable PP. Implementing renewable energy systems in Kalimantan Island can improve energy efficiency and significantly reduce carbon emissions, supporting environmental sustainability goals.

本研究考察了婆罗洲岛11个城市混合动力系统中太阳能电池板和电池容量的最佳组合，利用该地区巨大的太阳能潜力和高辐射水平。本研究利用粒子群优化（PSO）和灰狼优化（GWO）算法分析了加里曼丹11个城市太阳能电池板和电池容量的最优组合，以最大限度地提高能源输出，降低能源成本，并最大限度地减少碳排放。结果表明，塔拉干是最理想的位置，以916.9印尼盾/千瓦时发电215,804.88千瓦时，减少排放量435884.29 kgCO2e，而萨马林达是最不理想的位置。从经济角度来看，2,466.78印尼盾/千瓦时和2,000印尼盾/千瓦时的电价产生的净现值（NPV）为正，投资回收期（PP）为9-12年，而1,500印尼盾/千瓦时的电价被认为是不利的。研究结果证明了PSO和GWO在优化可再生能源系统方面的有效性，并证实了项目的财务可行性，具有正的NPV和合理的PP。在加里曼丹岛实施可再生能源系统可以提高能源效率，显著减少碳排放，支持环境可持续发展目标。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of EU carbon border adjustment mechanism on China’s export and its countermeasures 欧盟碳边界调整机制对中国出口的影响及对策

IF 1.9 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Global Energy Interconnection

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2024.11.017

Libing Wang , Ya Wen , Yun Zhang

This study analyzes the potential impact of EU carbon border regulation mechanism (CBAM) on the export of China’s carbon-intensive products. First, we summarized the main content of the CBAM. Next, based on the input–output theory, this study proposes a calculation model for the implicit carbon emissions and indirect carbon emissions from electricity consumption in export products and presents the corresponding calculation results. Based on the scenario analysis method, six carbon tariff scenarios were designed to evaluate the impact of the CBAM on the major export sectors under each scenario. The results showed that in 2021, the implicit carbon emissions in all products exported to Europe from China were approximately 375 million tons, of which the indirect carbon emissions from electricity were approximately 41.8 million tons, accounting for more than 10%. According to the current levy plan, China is expected to be subject to carbon tariffs of approximately USD 1.4 billion, accounting for 0.3% of its total export value to Europe in 2021. Finally, to reduce the adverse effects of CBAM, four measures were proposed from the perspective of the power industry.

本文分析了欧盟碳边界管制机制（CBAM）对中国碳密集型产品出口的潜在影响。首先，我们总结了中美军事对话的主要内容。其次，基于投入产出理论，提出了出口产品用电隐含碳排放和间接碳排放的计算模型，并给出了相应的计算结果。基于情景分析方法，设计了6种碳关税情景，评估了每种情景下中国碳关税对主要出口部门的影响。结果表明，2021年，中国出口到欧洲的所有产品隐含碳排放量约为3.75亿吨，其中电力间接碳排放量约为4180万吨，占比超过10%。根据目前的征税计划，中国预计将被征收约14亿美元的碳关税，占2021年中国对欧洲出口总额的0.3%。最后，从电力行业的角度出发，提出了四项措施来减少CBAM的不利影响。

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引用次数: 0