{"title":"Childhood sexual abuse history, should it be a part of routine psychiatry case notes?","authors":"V. Avula","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_164_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_164_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42936117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Sreedevi, N. Swapna, Santosh Maruthy, R. Kundapur, Charles Sylvester
Background: The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) protein is the most essential lipid transporter in the brain which is vital in neurodevelopment. The production of ApoE is regulated by several genes and increases under certain conditions such as cerebral injury. This study was carried out to assess the association between APOE alleles on intellectual disability (ID) and assess their relationship with cerebral palsy (CP) in south Indian children. Materials and Methods: The participants (n = 45) were children aged 1–15 years of age, who were diagnosed with CP and presenting with speech or hearing impairment. All patients were of South Indian descent. Family history, medical history, clinical investigations, and cognitive abilities of the patients were recorded. Exome sequencing of the APOE gene was performed. Results: APOE ε4 allele was detected in 9/45 (P = 0.002) CP patients. Both carriers and noncarriers of the ε4 allele had mild-, moderate-, severe-, and profound intellectual disabilities. Conclusion: The role of APOE ε4 as a possible biomarker in cognition decline in CP is still questionable, but the ε4 allele as a potential risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease is strongly relevant. Further studies are warranted to study the association of the APOE ε4 allele in CP and ID.
{"title":"Association of apolipoprotein ε4 allele with intellectual disability in children with cerebral palsy","authors":"N. Sreedevi, N. Swapna, Santosh Maruthy, R. Kundapur, Charles Sylvester","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_131_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_131_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) protein is the most essential lipid transporter in the brain which is vital in neurodevelopment. The production of ApoE is regulated by several genes and increases under certain conditions such as cerebral injury. This study was carried out to assess the association between APOE alleles on intellectual disability (ID) and assess their relationship with cerebral palsy (CP) in south Indian children. Materials and Methods: The participants (n = 45) were children aged 1–15 years of age, who were diagnosed with CP and presenting with speech or hearing impairment. All patients were of South Indian descent. Family history, medical history, clinical investigations, and cognitive abilities of the patients were recorded. Exome sequencing of the APOE gene was performed. Results: APOE ε4 allele was detected in 9/45 (P = 0.002) CP patients. Both carriers and noncarriers of the ε4 allele had mild-, moderate-, severe-, and profound intellectual disabilities. Conclusion: The role of APOE ε4 as a possible biomarker in cognition decline in CP is still questionable, but the ε4 allele as a potential risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease is strongly relevant. Further studies are warranted to study the association of the APOE ε4 allele in CP and ID.","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"45 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49032402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: There is pooling and evolving literature on the neurological and psychological features of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2. Individuals treated for COVID may have persisting (long-haulers) and delayed onset of these symptoms. Focus has now shifted to the late sequelae of COVID infection, especially during the second wave of the pandemic. These post-COVID conditions vary in their presentation. Systematic approach is required to identify and quantify these late sequelae observed in COVID survivors. Aim: This study is set to evaluate the neuropsychiatric manifestations of post-COVID status patients consulting psychiatric and medicine outpatient clinic. Materials and Methods: The current study enrolled patients with post-COVID status visiting psychiatric/medicine outpatient clinics for neuropsychiatric symptoms which were persisting since their COVID infection or new-onset symptoms developing within 1 month of COVID infection. Psychiatric disorder is based on International Classification of Diseases 10 criteria while physician diagnosed the medical/neurological disorders. Results: A total of 60 patients visiting psychiatry outpatient clinic and 46 patients consulting medicine outpatient department were enrolled in the study. Majority had onset of psychiatric symptoms 15 days after being tested positive for COVID infection. Anxiety disorders, depression, adjustment disorders were the major psychiatric diagnosis. Fatigue and myalgia were the predominant neurological symptoms. Neurological symptoms were more prevalent in patients aged above 50 years with preexisting medical conditions and those hospitalized for COVID infection. Conclusion: Both psychiatric and neurological complications are evident as late manifestations of COVID infection. There is a need for longitudinal follow-up studies with control groups to assess post-COVID conditions. A better understanding of the post-COVID conditions and the factors that increase the proneness of an individual to these complications is essential. This knowledge will be beneficial in dealing with similar SARS infections in future.
{"title":"Neuropsychiatric manifestations in post-COVID patients in second wave of pandemic","authors":"Sreelatha Pasupuleti, Roopa Suresh, Sanjay Reddy, YJ Visweswara Reddy","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_36_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_36_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is pooling and evolving literature on the neurological and psychological features of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2. Individuals treated for COVID may have persisting (long-haulers) and delayed onset of these symptoms. Focus has now shifted to the late sequelae of COVID infection, especially during the second wave of the pandemic. These post-COVID conditions vary in their presentation. Systematic approach is required to identify and quantify these late sequelae observed in COVID survivors. Aim: This study is set to evaluate the neuropsychiatric manifestations of post-COVID status patients consulting psychiatric and medicine outpatient clinic. Materials and Methods: The current study enrolled patients with post-COVID status visiting psychiatric/medicine outpatient clinics for neuropsychiatric symptoms which were persisting since their COVID infection or new-onset symptoms developing within 1 month of COVID infection. Psychiatric disorder is based on International Classification of Diseases 10 criteria while physician diagnosed the medical/neurological disorders. Results: A total of 60 patients visiting psychiatry outpatient clinic and 46 patients consulting medicine outpatient department were enrolled in the study. Majority had onset of psychiatric symptoms 15 days after being tested positive for COVID infection. Anxiety disorders, depression, adjustment disorders were the major psychiatric diagnosis. Fatigue and myalgia were the predominant neurological symptoms. Neurological symptoms were more prevalent in patients aged above 50 years with preexisting medical conditions and those hospitalized for COVID infection. Conclusion: Both psychiatric and neurological complications are evident as late manifestations of COVID infection. There is a need for longitudinal follow-up studies with control groups to assess post-COVID conditions. A better understanding of the post-COVID conditions and the factors that increase the proneness of an individual to these complications is essential. This knowledge will be beneficial in dealing with similar SARS infections in future.","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"20 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46123561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Archana Vinnakota, S. Nukala, Srinivas Singisetti, Shvetha Chilukuri, Niveditha Vasireddy, V. Garapati, Vidya Sanapala, RamyaSpandana Tata, YoshitaRao Aneepu
{"title":"Relationship between lipid profile and suicide attempts in first-episode major depressive disorder patients","authors":"Archana Vinnakota, S. Nukala, Srinivas Singisetti, Shvetha Chilukuri, Niveditha Vasireddy, V. Garapati, Vidya Sanapala, RamyaSpandana Tata, YoshitaRao Aneepu","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_170_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_170_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70674415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kanchan Pant, Shobit Garg, Preeti Mishra, S. Tikka
Background: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is considered the gold standard for insomnia, but its relative role in improving cognition has not been addressed. Hence, we aimed to study the effect of CBT-I on sleep quality, psychopathology, and neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia. Methods: Randomly allocated 40 right-handed schizophrenia patients with insomnia were delivered four sessions of weekly CBT-I. Pre-postassessments with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), AIIMS Comprehensive Neuropsychological Battery (AIIMS NCB), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, Warwick-Edinburg Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), and Global Assessment Functioning (GAF) were done. Results: CBT-I had significant effects on PSQI, AIIMS NCB total and memory scores, WEMWBS, and GAF compared to the control group. Conclusion: In a subset of schizophrenia patients with insomnia, sleep-based interventions improve sleep quality and neuropsychological performance.
{"title":"The effect of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia on neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia patients with insomnia: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Kanchan Pant, Shobit Garg, Preeti Mishra, S. Tikka","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_116_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_116_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is considered the gold standard for insomnia, but its relative role in improving cognition has not been addressed. Hence, we aimed to study the effect of CBT-I on sleep quality, psychopathology, and neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia. Methods: Randomly allocated 40 right-handed schizophrenia patients with insomnia were delivered four sessions of weekly CBT-I. Pre-postassessments with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), AIIMS Comprehensive Neuropsychological Battery (AIIMS NCB), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, Warwick-Edinburg Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), and Global Assessment Functioning (GAF) were done. Results: CBT-I had significant effects on PSQI, AIIMS NCB total and memory scores, WEMWBS, and GAF compared to the control group. Conclusion: In a subset of schizophrenia patients with insomnia, sleep-based interventions improve sleep quality and neuropsychological performance.","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"38 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44603626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Bandyopadhyay, D. Bhattacharjee, A. Chakraborty
Introduction: There are a few studies on the psychotropic prescription pattern in Eastern India, particularly in West Bengal, with limited statistics and focus, as well as there is no study conducted in health facilities particularly catering to the labor class population. To improve the mental health-care delivery in laborers and their dependents through policy-making, information is required regarding psychotropic prescription patterns in laborers suffering from mental disorders. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted for 6 months. A total of 3000 patients were randomly selected from those who consented to utilize their information for study purposes. DSM-5 was used for psychiatric diagnosis. Descriptive statistic was used to describe drug use pattern. The World Health Organization-drug use indicators were used for analyzing prescriptions. Results: Among 3000 participants, 1114 (37.1%) and 537 (17.9%) were suffering from somatic symptom disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, respectively. Antidepressants and benzodiazepines (BZDs) with Z-drugs together form the major bulk of prescriptions. Amitriptyline, olanzapine, and alprazolam were the most commonly prescribed antidepressants, antipsychotics, and BZDs, respectively. Conclusion: Neurotic and anxiety disorders are major psychiatric morbidity among the labor class population. Antidepressants like amitriptyline and BZDs like alprazolam can meet the majority of mental health needs of laborers. Therefore, policy and provision are required for an adequate availability of these drugs in catering centers.
{"title":"An observational study on drug prescribing pattern of psychotropic medication in psychiatry outpatient department of a medical college in Eastern India","authors":"U. Bandyopadhyay, D. Bhattacharjee, A. Chakraborty","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_129_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_129_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There are a few studies on the psychotropic prescription pattern in Eastern India, particularly in West Bengal, with limited statistics and focus, as well as there is no study conducted in health facilities particularly catering to the labor class population. To improve the mental health-care delivery in laborers and their dependents through policy-making, information is required regarding psychotropic prescription patterns in laborers suffering from mental disorders. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted for 6 months. A total of 3000 patients were randomly selected from those who consented to utilize their information for study purposes. DSM-5 was used for psychiatric diagnosis. Descriptive statistic was used to describe drug use pattern. The World Health Organization-drug use indicators were used for analyzing prescriptions. Results: Among 3000 participants, 1114 (37.1%) and 537 (17.9%) were suffering from somatic symptom disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, respectively. Antidepressants and benzodiazepines (BZDs) with Z-drugs together form the major bulk of prescriptions. Amitriptyline, olanzapine, and alprazolam were the most commonly prescribed antidepressants, antipsychotics, and BZDs, respectively. Conclusion: Neurotic and anxiety disorders are major psychiatric morbidity among the labor class population. Antidepressants like amitriptyline and BZDs like alprazolam can meet the majority of mental health needs of laborers. Therefore, policy and provision are required for an adequate availability of these drugs in catering centers.","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"3 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41780664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Functional and organic psychosis: Overlap or distinct phenomenon","authors":"P. Sreelatha, M. Manickyam","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_160_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_160_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70674259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of the attitude toward medication and reasons for drug compliance among schizophrenic patients attending the tertiary care hospital","authors":"DGangadhar Naik, Sugali Pushpalatha, D. Aruna","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_133_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_133_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70674438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A prospective study of amelioration of cognitive functions following alcohol abstinence in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome","authors":"A. Endreddy, CHLakshmi Rajesh, V. Seshamma","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_145_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_145_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70674520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fahr's disease is a rare degenerative neurological disorder, characterized by bilateral symmetrical cerebral calcification and presents with different manifestations. We present the case of a 42-year-old male who presented with psychotic feature, mannerisms, and bilateral symmetrical calcification of basal ganglia. Hence, our case suggests that psychiatrists should evaluate the cases of psychosis thoroughly when the age of presentation is atypical and they should rule out organicity. Neuroimaging may help arrive at the correct diagnosis in patients presenting with psychiatric symptoms.
{"title":"A case of schizophrenia-like psychosis due to Fahr's disease","authors":"Mayura Vimalanathane, Pallavi Abhilasha, Amritha Prasad","doi":"10.4103/amh.amh_33_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amh.amh_33_22","url":null,"abstract":"Fahr's disease is a rare degenerative neurological disorder, characterized by bilateral symmetrical cerebral calcification and presents with different manifestations. We present the case of a 42-year-old male who presented with psychotic feature, mannerisms, and bilateral symmetrical calcification of basal ganglia. Hence, our case suggests that psychiatrists should evaluate the cases of psychosis thoroughly when the age of presentation is atypical and they should rule out organicity. Neuroimaging may help arrive at the correct diagnosis in patients presenting with psychiatric symptoms.","PeriodicalId":36181,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Mental Health","volume":"24 1","pages":"49 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43753387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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