Arachnoiditis is caused by inflammation of the meninges and subarachnoid space, and when it affects the cauda equina, it is referred to as adhesive or spinal arachnoiditis. The pathophysiology is related to an inflammatory process that results in adherence of the nerve roots to each other and the dura. Patients can experience chronic and persistent back pain, though some cases can present with neurologic impairment. MR imaging is the imaging technique of choice for the evaluation of these patients and enables the classification of arachnoiditis into 3 patterns based on its appearance: 1) the nerve roots are clumped together and distorted; 2) the nerve roots are adherent to the periphery of the thecal sac, creating the empty thecal sac sign; and 3) a large central soft-tissue mass replaces the thecal sac. Rarely, chronic inflammation and fibrosis can occur, leading to arachnoiditis ossificans. Recognition of the neuroimaging findings in the different phases of the inflammatory process and its precise description is essential to clinical counseling and surgical treatment planning.Learning Objectives: To review the pathophysiology and classification of arachnoiditis, to describe the clinical presentations and their imaging characteristics, and to discuss its main complications
{"title":"“Sticky Spine”: A Review of the Imaging Findings for Spinal Arachnoiditis","authors":"A. C. Ottaiano, T. de Andrade Lourenção Freddi","doi":"10.3174/ng.2100062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ng.2100062","url":null,"abstract":"Arachnoiditis is caused by inflammation of the meninges and subarachnoid space, and when it affects the cauda equina, it is referred to as adhesive or spinal arachnoiditis. The pathophysiology is related to an inflammatory process that results in adherence of the nerve roots to each\u0000 other and the dura. Patients can experience chronic and persistent back pain, though some cases can present with neurologic impairment. MR imaging is the imaging technique of choice for the evaluation of these patients and enables the classification of arachnoiditis into 3 patterns based on\u0000 its appearance: 1) the nerve roots are clumped together and distorted; 2) the nerve roots are adherent to the periphery of the thecal sac, creating the empty thecal sac sign; and 3) a large central soft-tissue mass replaces the thecal sac. Rarely, chronic inflammation and fibrosis can occur,\u0000 leading to arachnoiditis ossificans. Recognition of the neuroimaging findings in the different phases of the inflammatory process and its precise description is essential to clinical counseling and surgical treatment planning.Learning Objectives: To review the pathophysiology and classification\u0000 of arachnoiditis, to describe the clinical presentations and their imaging characteristics, and to discuss its main complications","PeriodicalId":36193,"journal":{"name":"Neurographics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44222207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aein, S. Khanpara, R. Samant, Y. Cai, L. Nuñez, S. Savitz, Javier Mares Romero, R. Riascos
This review article is a pictorial review of the wide variety of brain and spine CT and MR imaging findings related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with neurologic deficits. By classifying CNS manifestations according to their pathogenesis, we provide different examples of vascular, immunologic, infectious, and miscellaneous complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We present cases encountered during the pandemic, retrieved from a large health system.Learning Objectives: To review the spectrum of common and uncommon brain and spine neuroimaging findings of COVID-19 and describe the key imaging features for each finding
{"title":"Neuroimaging Findings of SARS-CoV-2 Infection","authors":"A. Aein, S. Khanpara, R. Samant, Y. Cai, L. Nuñez, S. Savitz, Javier Mares Romero, R. Riascos","doi":"10.3174/ng.2100021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ng.2100021","url":null,"abstract":"This review article is a pictorial review of the wide variety of brain and spine CT and MR imaging findings related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with neurologic deficits. By classifying CNS manifestations according to their pathogenesis, we provide different examples\u0000 of vascular, immunologic, infectious, and miscellaneous complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We present cases encountered during the pandemic, retrieved from a large health system.Learning Objectives: To review the spectrum\u0000 of common and uncommon brain and spine neuroimaging findings of COVID-19 and describe the key imaging features for each finding","PeriodicalId":36193,"journal":{"name":"Neurographics","volume":"610 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41284338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The differential diagnosis of superficial masses in the head and neck is broad and encompasses both benign and malignant soft-tissue tumors. Certain superficial masses of dermal origin do not fall under the World Health Organization classification for soft-tissue tumors but, nonetheless, present similarly and should be considered in the differential. Although many of these superficial masses cannot be definitively diagnosed on imaging alone, recognizing certain imaging patterns and ancillary clinical features may help narrow the differential diagnosis and distinguish benign and malignant lesions. The present article does not aim to provide a comprehensive review of all superficial head and neck masses but rather helps to organize the more common masses by cellular origin and provides an overview of pertinent demographics or risk factors to aid in informed decision-making.Learning Objective: To generate a differential diagnosis of head and neck superficial soft-tissue tumors based on clinical history and imaging features
{"title":"Superficial Soft-Tissue Masses of the Head and Neck: A Pictorial Review","authors":"C. Ju, N. Pham","doi":"10.3174/ng.2100053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ng.2100053","url":null,"abstract":"The differential diagnosis of superficial masses in the head and neck is broad and encompasses both benign and malignant soft-tissue tumors. Certain superficial masses of dermal origin do not fall under the World Health Organization classification for soft-tissue tumors but, nonetheless,\u0000 present similarly and should be considered in the differential. Although many of these superficial masses cannot be definitively diagnosed on imaging alone, recognizing certain imaging patterns and ancillary clinical features may help narrow the differential diagnosis and distinguish benign\u0000 and malignant lesions. The present article does not aim to provide a comprehensive review of all superficial head and neck masses but rather helps to organize the more common masses by cellular origin and provides an overview of pertinent demographics or risk factors to aid in informed decision-making.Learning\u0000 Objective: To generate a differential diagnosis of head and neck superficial soft-tissue tumors based on clinical history and imaging features","PeriodicalId":36193,"journal":{"name":"Neurographics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47100486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jerry A. Morris, S. Chiu, T. A. Rahim, S. R. Schaffner, M. Bajaj
The orbit is predisposed to a wide range of possible pathologic processes due to a complex histologic and anatomic composition within a confined space. The clinical presentation of orbital pathology is often nonspecific, particularly in young children, making radiologic evaluation an important step in the diagnosis. Additionally, while suspected ophthalmologic pathology may be the primary purpose for an imaging study, incidental lesions encompassing a broad range of infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic, and congenital processes are not uncommonly encountered and may serve as important clues to alert the radiologist and clinical team to evaluate other associated pathology. High-resolution MR imaging is the examination of choice for detailed evaluation of orbital and ocular soft tissues, and this article will review characteristic MR imaging features and the clinical significance of various ophthalmologic pathologies in the pediatric population, while highlighting pearls essential to making accurate imaging diagnoses.Learning Objective: To recognize the imaging appearance of pediatric orbital disease from major pathologic categories and describe common imaging features
{"title":"An Eye for Eyes: Pediatric Ophthalmologic Diseases on MRI","authors":"Jerry A. Morris, S. Chiu, T. A. Rahim, S. R. Schaffner, M. Bajaj","doi":"10.3174/ng.2100032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ng.2100032","url":null,"abstract":"The orbit is predisposed to a wide range of possible pathologic processes due to a complex histologic and anatomic composition within a confined space. The clinical presentation of orbital pathology is often nonspecific, particularly in young children, making radiologic evaluation an\u0000 important step in the diagnosis. Additionally, while suspected ophthalmologic pathology may be the primary purpose for an imaging study, incidental lesions encompassing a broad range of infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic, and congenital processes are not uncommonly encountered and may serve\u0000 as important clues to alert the radiologist and clinical team to evaluate other associated pathology. High-resolution MR imaging is the examination of choice for detailed evaluation of orbital and ocular soft tissues, and this article will review characteristic MR imaging features and the\u0000 clinical significance of various ophthalmologic pathologies in the pediatric population, while highlighting pearls essential to making accurate imaging diagnoses.Learning Objective: To recognize the imaging appearance of pediatric orbital disease from major pathologic categories and describe\u0000 common imaging features","PeriodicalId":36193,"journal":{"name":"Neurographics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48148635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multifocal/multicentric glioblastoma is a rare variant of glioblastoma that carries a worse prognosis than singular glioblastoma. We report a case of optic nerve edema mimicking multifocal/multicentric glioblastoma in a 24-year-old man. It was suspected that the pathophysiology of edema was due to mechanical compression of the optic nerve causing axonal transport disruption as well as vasogenic edema from inflammatory response to the tumor.
{"title":"Optic Pathway Edema Mimicking Multifocal/Multicentric Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Case Report and Review","authors":"E. Liang, C. Winter, K. Murthy","doi":"10.3174/ng.2100026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ng.2100026","url":null,"abstract":"Multifocal/multicentric glioblastoma is a rare variant of glioblastoma that carries a worse prognosis than singular glioblastoma. We report a case of optic nerve edema mimicking multifocal/multicentric glioblastoma in a 24-year-old man. It was suspected that the pathophysiology of edema\u0000 was due to mechanical compression of the optic nerve causing axonal transport disruption as well as vasogenic edema from inflammatory response to the tumor.","PeriodicalId":36193,"journal":{"name":"Neurographics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44143454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Primary meningeal melanomatosis is a rare tumor of the central nervous system accounting for only up to 0.1% of all CNS tumors and 1% of all melanocytic tumors. We present a case of primary meningeal melanomatosis involving the entire neuroaxis and review the relevant imaging findings and literature.
{"title":"Primary Meningeal Melanomatosis: A Case Report","authors":"J. Lowenthal, P. Girgis, M. Labib","doi":"10.3174/ng.2100024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ng.2100024","url":null,"abstract":"Primary meningeal melanomatosis is a rare tumor of the central nervous system accounting for only up to 0.1% of all CNS tumors and 1% of all melanocytic tumors. We present a case of primary meningeal melanomatosis involving the entire neuroaxis and review the relevant imaging findings\u0000 and literature.","PeriodicalId":36193,"journal":{"name":"Neurographics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46051983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Primary melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system are rare neoplasms arising from proliferation of multipotent melanin-containing neural crest cells found in the leptomeninges. This review describes the imaging appearance of the entire spectrum of primary melanocytic tumors of the brain and spine in the pediatric population, in correlation with histopathology, clinical features, and prognosis, using sample cases from our institution. These tumors are subclassified by the World Health Organization on the basis of disease distribution and pathologic aggressiveness into the following 4 subtypes: meningeal melanocytoma, meningeal melanoma, meningeal melanocytosis, and meningeal melanomatosis. They can occur in any age group, though the diffuse form of the disease is more prevalent in children and has an association with giant cutaneous melanocytic nevi. Imaging is characterized by hyperattenuation on CT and intrinsic T1 hyperintensity on MR imaging from the presence of melanin and/or hemorrhage. The focal forms usually manifest as dural-based hemorrhagic masses, and the diffuse forms demonstrate dural thickening and enhancement, with or without hydrocephalus. There is a predilection for the medial temporal lobes, posterior fossa, and upper cervical spine. The prognosis is often poor, with a high incidence of malignant transformation of benign disease.Learning Objective: To describe the imaging appearance of the spectrum of primary melanocytic tumors of the brain and spine in the pediatric population and to review the histopathology, clinical, and prognostic data available
{"title":"Primary Melanocytic Tumors of the Central Nervous System in Children: Imaging Features with Pathologic Correlation","authors":"M. Quinn, J. Aw-Zoretic, N. Wadhwani, A. Jaju","doi":"10.3174/ng.2100033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ng.2100033","url":null,"abstract":"Primary melanocytic tumors of the central nervous system are rare neoplasms arising from proliferation of multipotent melanin-containing neural crest cells found in the leptomeninges. This review describes the imaging appearance of the entire spectrum of primary melanocytic tumors of\u0000 the brain and spine in the pediatric population, in correlation with histopathology, clinical features, and prognosis, using sample cases from our institution. These tumors are subclassified by the World Health Organization on the basis of disease distribution and pathologic aggressiveness\u0000 into the following 4 subtypes: meningeal melanocytoma, meningeal melanoma, meningeal melanocytosis, and meningeal melanomatosis. They can occur in any age group, though the diffuse form of the disease is more prevalent in children and has an association with giant cutaneous melanocytic\u0000 nevi. Imaging is characterized by hyperattenuation on CT and intrinsic T1 hyperintensity on MR imaging from the presence of melanin and/or hemorrhage. The focal forms usually manifest as dural-based hemorrhagic masses, and the diffuse forms demonstrate dural thickening and enhancement, with\u0000 or without hydrocephalus. There is a predilection for the medial temporal lobes, posterior fossa, and upper cervical spine. The prognosis is often poor, with a high incidence of malignant transformation of benign disease.Learning Objective: To describe the imaging appearance of the spectrum\u0000 of primary melanocytic tumors of the brain and spine in the pediatric population and to review the histopathology, clinical, and prognostic data available","PeriodicalId":36193,"journal":{"name":"Neurographics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47531427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy‐related inflammation (CAARI) presents as a syndrome of acute/subacute encephalopathy. Currently, the underlying etiopathogenesis of this entity is not well established, though the amyloid deposits and resulting perivascular inflammation and cellular infiltrate are said to be the underlying cause. A definitive diagnosis of CAARI may require brain biopsy, which is not often clinically feasible in every case. Furthermore, CAARI does not affect the parenchyma uniformly, and biopsy could be falsely negative at times. When present, the combination of helpful imaging findings and a high index of suspicion may help avoid the morbidity associated with invasive brain biopsy and establish a timely diagnosis. This article describes one of the commonly encountered imaging and clinical presentations of CAARI.
{"title":"Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy‐related Inflammation: American Society of Neuroradiology 2020 Case of the Year","authors":"G. Kadam, S. Supple, M. Jhaveri","doi":"10.3174/ng.2100028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ng.2100028","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral amyloid angiopathy‐related inflammation (CAARI) presents as a syndrome of acute/subacute encephalopathy. Currently, the underlying etiopathogenesis of this entity is not well established, though the amyloid deposits and resulting perivascular inflammation and cellular\u0000 infiltrate are said to be the underlying cause. A definitive diagnosis of CAARI may require brain biopsy, which is not often clinically feasible in every case. Furthermore, CAARI does not affect the parenchyma uniformly, and biopsy could be falsely negative at times. When present, the combination\u0000 of helpful imaging findings and a high index of suspicion may help avoid the morbidity associated with invasive brain biopsy and establish a timely diagnosis. This article describes one of the commonly encountered imaging and clinical presentations of CAARI.","PeriodicalId":36193,"journal":{"name":"Neurographics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44383755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Currie, K. Fatania, R. Matthew, H. Wurdak, A. Chakrabarty, L. Murray, S. Short
The intent of this article is to provide a comprehensive, educational review of adult-type diffuse gliomas, bringing together the role of the multidisciplinary team and giving the reader biologic, surgical, radiologic, and oncologic insight into these tumors. The reader will be guided through subsections that explain the molecular pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and natural history of the disease. The 2021 World Health Organization Classification will be explained through a combination of concise historic review of glioma diagnosis and contemporary knowledge of the molecular pathways. Accompanying illustrations will act as powerful tools for comprehension. These concepts will be underpinned by frequent reference to neuroradiology and a grounding of normal brain composition.Learning Objective: To understand the pathophysiologic concepts that underly the World Health Organization Classification and natural history of adult-type diffuse gliomas and how these relate to imaging and treatment strategies
{"title":"A Comprehensive Clinical Review of Adult-Type Diffuse Glioma Incorporating the 2021 World Health Organization Classification","authors":"S. Currie, K. Fatania, R. Matthew, H. Wurdak, A. Chakrabarty, L. Murray, S. Short","doi":"10.3174/ng.2100034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ng.2100034","url":null,"abstract":"The intent of this article is to provide a comprehensive, educational review of adult-type diffuse gliomas, bringing together the role of the multidisciplinary team and giving the reader biologic, surgical, radiologic, and oncologic insight into these tumors. The reader will be guided\u0000 through subsections that explain the molecular pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and natural history of the disease. The 2021 World Health Organization Classification will be explained through a combination of concise historic review of glioma diagnosis and contemporary knowledge\u0000 of the molecular pathways. Accompanying illustrations will act as powerful tools for comprehension. These concepts will be underpinned by frequent reference to neuroradiology and a grounding of normal brain composition.Learning Objective: To understand the pathophysiologic concepts that\u0000 underly the World Health Organization Classification and natural history of adult-type diffuse gliomas and how these relate to imaging and treatment strategies","PeriodicalId":36193,"journal":{"name":"Neurographics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49478149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neuroimaging is an essential tool in characterizing calcified intracranial lesions. This article outlines a pictorial review of different calcified lesions of the neuroaxis with discussion of distinguishing radiologic features and clinical and histologic characteristics. There will be an emphasis on the uncommon histologic entity known as calcified pseudoneoplasm of the neuroaxis (CAPNON), a non-neoplastic lesion that is sometimes mistaken for the more common neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. It is essential for radiologists to identify key distinguishing imaging features of various calcified intracranial lesions to narrow diagnostic considerations and collaborate with management decisions.Learning Objective: To offer a review of the uncommon histologic entity called calcified pseudoneoplasm of the neuroaxis (CAPNON) and to provide a differential diagnosis and several sample cases of other calcified lesions of the neuroaxis to help the reader differentiate and distinguish CAPNON from more common neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions
{"title":"Pictorial Review of Calcified Pseudoneoplasm of the Neuroaxis and Other Calcified Intracranial Lesions","authors":"R. Zelaya, C. J. Atkinson","doi":"10.3174/ng.2100006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3174/ng.2100006","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroimaging is an essential tool in characterizing calcified intracranial lesions. This article outlines a pictorial review of different calcified lesions of the neuroaxis with discussion of distinguishing radiologic features and clinical and histologic characteristics. There will\u0000 be an emphasis on the uncommon histologic entity known as calcified pseudoneoplasm of the neuroaxis (CAPNON), a non-neoplastic lesion that is sometimes mistaken for the more common neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. It is essential for radiologists to identify key distinguishing imaging\u0000 features of various calcified intracranial lesions to narrow diagnostic considerations and collaborate with management decisions.Learning Objective: To offer a review of the uncommon histologic entity called calcified pseudoneoplasm of the neuroaxis (CAPNON) and to provide a differential\u0000 diagnosis and several sample cases of other calcified lesions of the neuroaxis to help the reader differentiate and distinguish CAPNON from more common neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions","PeriodicalId":36193,"journal":{"name":"Neurographics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46448211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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