The paper focuses on a group of five anthropomorphic pendants, deposited in graves of sub-adult and female individuals, discovered in cemeteries of ancient Viminacium (Serbia). The selection of raw materials (jet and amber), as well as other parts of the necklaces these pendants were incorporated in, suggest their apotropaic character. Various data sources have been employed in order to answer questions regarding the identification of the depicted beings, reasons for their usage by certain population groups, etc. A comparison has been made with analogous specimens from across the Roman world, which are not numerous but are prominently widespread. Three examples from Viminacium originate from recent archaeological campaigns, meaning that osteological material was available for analysis.
{"title":"Anthropomorphic amulets from Viminacium","authors":"D. Milovanović, D. I. Dankovic","doi":"10.2298/sta2070127m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sta2070127m","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on a group of five anthropomorphic pendants, deposited in graves of sub-adult and female individuals, discovered in cemeteries of ancient Viminacium (Serbia). The selection of raw materials (jet and amber), as well as other parts of the necklaces these pendants were incorporated in, suggest their apotropaic character. Various data sources have been employed in order to answer questions regarding the identification of the depicted beings, reasons for their usage by certain population groups, etc. A comparison has been made with analogous specimens from across the Roman world, which are not numerous but are prominently widespread. Three examples from Viminacium originate from recent archaeological campaigns, meaning that osteological material was available for analysis.","PeriodicalId":36206,"journal":{"name":"Starinar","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68826472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On the eastern slope of Slog Hill in Ravna, some 400 m to the west of the Roman fortification of Timacum Minus, a multilayered necropolis was investigated from 1994 to 1996 and from 2013 to 2015. There are two main horizons of the necropolis - Late Roman and Early Medieval. The late Roman necropolis has three phases dated from the middle of the 4th to the middle of the 5th century. The early medieval necropolis, according to the new excavations, has two phases, the earlier dated to the 8th - 9th centuries and the later from the end of the 9th to the beginning of the 11th century. An interesting grave (G 159), belonging to the earlier medieval phase of necropolis, was discovered in 2014. It is a unique burial of a woman and a fox, which has its only analogy in a disturbed woman and fox grave (grave 16) at the early Avar necropolis in Becej. The burial with a fox could be interpreted in two ways - that the animal has a cult - ritual - magic meaning or that the fox was a pet of the deceased.
{"title":"Early medieval burial of woman and fox at the slog necropolis in Ravna (Timacum Minus) in Eastern Serbia","authors":"Sofija Petković, D. Gojkovic, J. Bulatović","doi":"10.2298/sta2070239p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sta2070239p","url":null,"abstract":"On the eastern slope of Slog Hill in Ravna, some 400 m to the west of the Roman fortification of Timacum Minus, a multilayered necropolis was investigated from 1994 to 1996 and from 2013 to 2015. There are two main horizons of the necropolis - Late Roman and Early Medieval. The late Roman necropolis has three phases dated from the middle of the 4th to the middle of the 5th century. The early medieval necropolis, according to the new excavations, has two phases, the earlier dated to the 8th - 9th centuries and the later from the end of the 9th to the beginning of the 11th century. An interesting grave (G 159), belonging to the earlier medieval phase of necropolis, was discovered in 2014. It is a unique burial of a woman and a fox, which has its only analogy in a disturbed woman and fox grave (grave 16) at the early Avar necropolis in Becej. The burial with a fox could be interpreted in two ways - that the animal has a cult - ritual - magic meaning or that the fox was a pet of the deceased.","PeriodicalId":36206,"journal":{"name":"Starinar","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68827177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The erection of a new polis, Justiniana Prima, on the site of Caricin Grad, was part of a larger engineering project in a rural hilly setting of the western areas of Dacia Mediterranea, which had also included the construction of nearby fortlets. The article presents LiDAR data which has provided new information related to their ground-plan and dimensions. Located in a 12 km? area around the metropolis, St Elias, Kuliste-Jezero and Gornje Gradiste in Svinjarica were LiDAR scanned in 2011, while the Sekicol fort, with its 4 km? surroundings, was subjected to the same technology in 2015. Our analysis of the outer fortifications of Justiniana Prima is based on a visualisation of the obtained digital terrain models and field observations; in the case of the St Elias fort, we also used the results of the 1976 excavations. These fortlets had manifold functions. On the one hand, they overlooked the approaches to the city and its infrastructure - Kuliste-Jezero was a watchtower - and on the other, they also served as shelters for the local population - refugia. In the middle of the St Elias fort there was a large three-nave church; this may well have been a fortified monastery. Future research of these forts should provide more detailed information on their chronology and function, complement the outstanding results of the LiDAR and geophysical surveys, and contribute to a better understanding of Justiniana Prima itself.
{"title":"The outer forts of Caricin grad: Visualisation of digital terrain models and interpretation","authors":"V. Ivanišević, I. Bugarski, A. Stamenković","doi":"10.2298/sta1969297i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sta1969297i","url":null,"abstract":"The erection of a new polis, Justiniana Prima, on the site of Caricin Grad, was part of a larger engineering project in a rural hilly setting of the western areas of Dacia Mediterranea, which had also included the construction of nearby fortlets. The article presents LiDAR data which has provided new information related to their ground-plan and dimensions. Located in a 12 km? area around the metropolis, St Elias, Kuliste-Jezero and Gornje Gradiste in Svinjarica were LiDAR scanned in 2011, while the Sekicol fort, with its 4 km? surroundings, was subjected to the same technology in 2015. Our analysis of the outer fortifications of Justiniana Prima is based on a visualisation of the obtained digital terrain models and field observations; in the case of the St Elias fort, we also used the results of the 1976 excavations. These fortlets had manifold functions. On the one hand, they overlooked the approaches to the city and its infrastructure - Kuliste-Jezero was a watchtower - and on the other, they also served as shelters for the local population - refugia. In the middle of the St Elias fort there was a large three-nave church; this may well have been a fortified monastery. Future research of these forts should provide more detailed information on their chronology and function, complement the outstanding results of the LiDAR and geophysical surveys, and contribute to a better understanding of Justiniana Prima itself.","PeriodicalId":36206,"journal":{"name":"Starinar","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68826433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A luxurious set of spinning implements was discovered as part of the furnishings in the grave of a woman, unearthed in the surroundings of ancient Viminacium. A unique amber distaff with the upper part modelled in the form of a female bust stands out as the most important part of the grave assemblage. Similar artefacts were often misinterpreted, but this specimen was found together with a spindle, thus confirming that it actually is a distaff. Miniature copies of spinning equipment made out of precious materials are known from sepulchral contexts, and are described as objects expressing feminine virtue. It is considered that they were used in wedding rites, thus indicating the possible age of the deceased. Spinning implements can represent useful tools for studying the life course of Roman women. In this paper, an attempt was made to identify the divinity or person depicted on the distaff from Viminacium, considering the symbolic nature of these artefacts.
{"title":"Burial of a woman with an amber distaff at Viminacium","authors":"D. I. Dankovic","doi":"10.2298/sta1969215d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sta1969215d","url":null,"abstract":"A luxurious set of spinning implements was discovered as part of the furnishings in the grave of a woman, unearthed in the surroundings of ancient Viminacium. A unique amber distaff with the upper part modelled in the form of a female bust stands out as the most important part of the grave assemblage. Similar artefacts were often misinterpreted, but this specimen was found together with a spindle, thus confirming that it actually is a distaff. Miniature copies of spinning equipment made out of precious materials are known from sepulchral contexts, and are described as objects expressing feminine virtue. It is considered that they were used in wedding rites, thus indicating the possible age of the deceased. Spinning implements can represent useful tools for studying the life course of Roman women. In this paper, an attempt was made to identify the divinity or person depicted on the distaff from Viminacium, considering the symbolic nature of these artefacts.","PeriodicalId":36206,"journal":{"name":"Starinar","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68826117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After three decades of exploring and excavating the so-called building with octagon at the locality of ?Gradsko polje? in Nis, new archaeological research has been conducted. The main goal of the new excavations was, based on a previously led geophysical survey, to determine the dimensions of the western part of the building and to continue the exploration of the approach in front of the room with octagon. Despite modest finances and the short duration of the excavations, this year?s archaeological research has allowed us to conclude that the building with octagon had at least three building phases, starting with the beginning of the 4th century and was in use until the 6th century. Also, a clear stratum of Middle Age houses, dating to the 11th-12th century, was also confirmed in this year?s excavations, along with many fragments of ceramics belonging to the same period. This paper discusses in detail the archaeological and architectural results obtained from the new excavations led in 2018.
{"title":"Building with octagon from the locality of „Gradsko polje” in Nis (Naissus). New archaeological excavations","authors":"M. N. Gavrilovic-Vitas, D. G. Milosevic-Jevtic","doi":"10.2298/sta1969247g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sta1969247g","url":null,"abstract":"After three decades of exploring and excavating the so-called building with octagon at the locality of ?Gradsko polje? in Nis, new archaeological research has been conducted. The main goal of the new excavations was, based on a previously led geophysical survey, to determine the dimensions of the western part of the building and to continue the exploration of the approach in front of the room with octagon. Despite modest finances and the short duration of the excavations, this year?s archaeological research has allowed us to conclude that the building with octagon had at least three building phases, starting with the beginning of the 4th century and was in use until the 6th century. Also, a clear stratum of Middle Age houses, dating to the 11th-12th century, was also confirmed in this year?s excavations, along with many fragments of ceramics belonging to the same period. This paper discusses in detail the archaeological and architectural results obtained from the new excavations led in 2018.","PeriodicalId":36206,"journal":{"name":"Starinar","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68826751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Armbruster, Albrecht Jockenhövel, A. Kapuran, Raško Ramadanski
During the first excavations of the cemetery dating from the Bronze Age and Early Antiquity in the village of Velebit near Kanjiza (Northern Serbia) one of the excavated artefacts was found to belong to a used and broken stone mould for casting anvils. However, without an expert archaeologist to supervise the recovery of this find, which remained unknown for decades after its discovery, as a starting point, the authors of this article present a synthesis that takes into account several aspects of this significant class of metalcraft object. This proceeds from the history of the excavation to the general role of European Bronze Age anvils in gold and bronze metalworking, and then further on to their typological, terminological, chronological and functional analysis and to their long-range distribution as a sign of an interregional network of craftsmen, including their social context and symbolism.
{"title":"The moulds from Velebit and European bronze age metal anvils","authors":"B. Armbruster, Albrecht Jockenhövel, A. Kapuran, Raško Ramadanski","doi":"10.2298/sta1969139a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sta1969139a","url":null,"abstract":"During the first excavations of the cemetery dating from the Bronze Age and Early Antiquity in the village of Velebit near Kanjiza (Northern Serbia) one of the excavated artefacts was found to belong to a used and broken stone mould for casting anvils. However, without an expert archaeologist to supervise the recovery of this find, which remained unknown for decades after its discovery, as a starting point, the authors of this article present a synthesis that takes into account several aspects of this significant class of metalcraft object. This proceeds from the history of the excavation to the general role of European Bronze Age anvils in gold and bronze metalworking, and then further on to their typological, terminological, chronological and functional analysis and to their long-range distribution as a sign of an interregional network of craftsmen, including their social context and symbolism.","PeriodicalId":36206,"journal":{"name":"Starinar","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68826304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The site with the remains of the Saxon church, that is, the former Catholic church of St Mary, lies on a mild slope that descends from the fort to the southeast, or the village of Bostane. Located at a distance of about 1,200 m from Novo Brdo?s Lower Town, it was outside this former urban area. It was intermittently investigated in the 1950s and ?60s, but the complete results of these works have not been published. With this in mind, after almost six decades, an attempt was made, based on the remaining fieldwork documentation, to examine in more detail the complex of this important Novo Brdo edifice. The investigated remains of the church itself reveal three stages, or more precisely, construction phases, which reflect the emergence, renovation and extension of this temple over an extended period of time, from the first decades of the 14th to the end of the 17th century. The first and most important stage comprises the construction of the church itself, as well as the successive adding of masonry tombs and graves in the interior of the original temple. The following stage includes an extensive renovation and expansion of the church, while the third and final stage is distinguished by the construction of a porch in front of the western fa?ade (Fig. 2). The Saxon church is a single-nave temple of a spacious rectangular base. On the eastern side, two massive pilasters separated the nave from a much narrower alter area that terminated in a semicircular apse. This space, that is, the presbytery, was divided by a pair of similar massive pilasters into two unequal parts - a shorter western one, which could be labelled as the choir, and a much larger eastern one, in the centre of which was a masonry altar mensa in the form of a massive column and two simultaneously built steps. In front of them, on the same western side, this construction also included the first, monolithic step, which on the sides had step-like profiled cubes, the upper surface of which contained regularly carved circular indentations for the placement of massive candles. Alongside all four corners of the masonry construction of the alter mensa, steplike profiled bases carved from breccia were discovered in situ, which most likely carried the construction of a wooden ciborium. On the southern side, in the corner between the altar area and the wider nave, a sacristy was located, which was connected by a door to the presbytery, that is, the choir. The interior of the Saxon church, which was completely explored, revealed the existence of several burial horizons, which can, chronologically and in terms of their general characteristics, be determined. The oldest burials, which were performed within the original church, somewhat differ from the later ones, from the time after the renovation of the temple, as well as the construction of the porch. Characteristic of the older period are masonry tombs, intended for a number of burials (Fig. 3). Generally o
{"title":"The Saxon church in Novo Brdo - Santa Maria in Novomonte","authors":"M. Popovic","doi":"10.2298/sta1969319p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sta1969319p","url":null,"abstract":"The site with the remains of the Saxon church, that is, the former Catholic church of St Mary, lies on a mild slope that descends from the fort to the southeast, or the village of Bostane. Located at a distance of about 1,200 m from Novo Brdo?s Lower Town, it was outside this former urban area. It was intermittently investigated in the 1950s and ?60s, but the complete results of these works have not been published. With this in mind, after almost six decades, an attempt was made, based on the remaining fieldwork documentation, to examine in more detail the complex of this important Novo Brdo edifice. The investigated remains of the church itself reveal three stages, or more precisely, construction phases, which reflect the emergence, renovation and extension of this temple over an extended period of time, from the first decades of the 14th to the end of the 17th century. The first and most important stage comprises the construction of the church itself, as well as the successive adding of masonry tombs and graves in the interior of the original temple. The following stage includes an extensive renovation and expansion of the church, while the third and final stage is distinguished by the construction of a porch in front of the western fa?ade (Fig. 2). The Saxon church is a single-nave temple of a spacious rectangular base. On the eastern side, two massive pilasters separated the nave from a much narrower alter area that terminated in a semicircular apse. This space, that is, the presbytery, was divided by a pair of similar massive pilasters into two unequal parts - a shorter western one, which could be labelled as the choir, and a much larger eastern one, in the centre of which was a masonry altar mensa in the form of a massive column and two simultaneously built steps. In front of them, on the same western side, this construction also included the first, monolithic step, which on the sides had step-like profiled cubes, the upper surface of which contained regularly carved circular indentations for the placement of massive candles. Alongside all four corners of the masonry construction of the alter mensa, steplike profiled bases carved from breccia were discovered in situ, which most likely carried the construction of a wooden ciborium. On the southern side, in the corner between the altar area and the wider nave, a sacristy was located, which was connected by a door to the presbytery, that is, the choir. The interior of the Saxon church, which was completely explored, revealed the existence of several burial horizons, which can, chronologically and in terms of their general characteristics, be determined. The oldest burials, which were performed within the original church, somewhat differ from the later ones, from the time after the renovation of the temple, as well as the construction of the porch. Characteristic of the older period are masonry tombs, intended for a number of burials (Fig. 3). Generally o","PeriodicalId":36206,"journal":{"name":"Starinar","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68826499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the course of archaeological excavations of the north section of the imperial palace in Sirmium (locality 85), conducted in 2015, as many as 39 lead seals were found to the south of column IV of the polygonal structure encountered in 2014. Nine specimens of imperial seals with a representation of four busts, i.e. images of the tetrarchs, are particularly interesting in this group. These seals appear in three iconographic variants (a-c) depending on whether the four busts are positioned in two rows or in a single row and whether they are of identical size. The discovery of imperial lead seals with the busts of tetrarchs bears witness to the importance of Sirmium at the time of the tetrarchy, not only as an army base for Diocletian?s wars against the Sarmatians, but also as a commercial centre where the deliveries of various products also arrived. They were, among other things, intended for building and decorating the polygonal structure used for celebrating the imperial cult.
{"title":"Lead seals with tetrarchic busts from the imperial palace in Sirmium","authors":"I. Popović","doi":"10.2298/sta1969273p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sta1969273p","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of archaeological excavations of the north section of the imperial palace in Sirmium (locality 85), conducted in 2015, as many as 39 lead seals were found to the south of column IV of the polygonal structure encountered in 2014. Nine specimens of imperial seals with a representation of four busts, i.e. images of the tetrarchs, are particularly interesting in this group. These seals appear in three iconographic variants (a-c) depending on whether the four busts are positioned in two rows or in a single row and whether they are of identical size. The discovery of imperial lead seals with the busts of tetrarchs bears witness to the importance of Sirmium at the time of the tetrarchy, not only as an army base for Diocletian?s wars against the Sarmatians, but also as a commercial centre where the deliveries of various products also arrived. They were, among other things, intended for building and decorating the polygonal structure used for celebrating the imperial cult.","PeriodicalId":36206,"journal":{"name":"Starinar","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68826805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the results of research on the regional distribution and geographic setting of the 5th millennium BCE settlements in the Central Balkans. The research encompasses two successive archaeological cultures in the area between the Danube Valley and the upper course of the Juzna Morava River and compares the regional distribution of the settlements and their topographic and pedological aspects. It has been concluded that the relocation occured on a regional level, meaning the abandonment or a reduced population of the regions which were densely populated during the Vinca culture. The emphasised dichotomy in the topographic type of the settlements with more or less equally distributed settlements compared to the altitude and an increased focus on soils unsuitable for cultivation suggest the utilisation of a wider range of local resources and a greater degree of mutual connections between the BSK settlements. The observed trends are interpreted in correlation with the previous knowledge on economic strategies of the population of the Central Balkans.
{"title":"Insight into the regional distribution and geographic setting of the Vinca and Bubanj-Sălcuţa-Krivodol settlements in the Central Balkans and its implications","authors":"R. Milanović","doi":"10.2298/sta1969061m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sta1969061m","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of research on the regional distribution and geographic setting of the 5th millennium BCE settlements in the Central Balkans. The research encompasses two successive archaeological cultures in the area between the Danube Valley and the upper course of the Juzna Morava River and compares the regional distribution of the settlements and their topographic and pedological aspects. It has been concluded that the relocation occured on a regional level, meaning the abandonment or a reduced population of the regions which were densely populated during the Vinca culture. The emphasised dichotomy in the topographic type of the settlements with more or less equally distributed settlements compared to the altitude and an increased focus on soils unsuitable for cultivation suggest the utilisation of a wider range of local resources and a greater degree of mutual connections between the BSK settlements. The observed trends are interpreted in correlation with the previous knowledge on economic strategies of the population of the Central Balkans.","PeriodicalId":36206,"journal":{"name":"Starinar","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68826182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article offers a new look at the stratigraphy and chronology of Mesolithic and Neolithic deposits at Lepenski Vir, particularly based on newly available Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) dating and aDNA genomic evidence. It focuses on a detailed analysis of several key contexts for which new radiocarbon dates are available while at the same time reviewing taphonomic and age-offset problems when dating human remains and other materials affected by the aquatic reservoir effect in the Danube Gorges area. The robust chronological evidence as well as available stratigraphic data overwhelmingly show that the start of the main and iconic phase of the occupation of this site, represented by the architecture of trapezoidal buildings and sculpted sandstone boulders, should unequivocally be dated to the period of the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in the last two centuries of the seventh millennium cal BC. At this time, local forager populations of distinct hunter-gatherer genetic ancestry came into contact and mixed with incoming Neolithic, farming populations of north-western Anatolian genetic ancestry, based on the available genomic data but also supported by studies of material culture traditions. The article deals directly with the recent criticism of this chrono-stratigraphic model for Lepenski Vir.
{"title":"Lepenski Vir chronology and stratigraphy revisited","authors":"D. Borić","doi":"10.2298/sta1969009b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/sta1969009b","url":null,"abstract":"This article offers a new look at the stratigraphy and chronology of Mesolithic and Neolithic deposits at Lepenski Vir, particularly based on newly available Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) dating and aDNA genomic evidence. It focuses on a detailed analysis of several key contexts for which new radiocarbon dates are available while at the same time reviewing taphonomic and age-offset problems when dating human remains and other materials affected by the aquatic reservoir effect in the Danube Gorges area. The robust chronological evidence as well as available stratigraphic data overwhelmingly show that the start of the main and iconic phase of the occupation of this site, represented by the architecture of trapezoidal buildings and sculpted sandstone boulders, should unequivocally be dated to the period of the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in the last two centuries of the seventh millennium cal BC. At this time, local forager populations of distinct hunter-gatherer genetic ancestry came into contact and mixed with incoming Neolithic, farming populations of north-western Anatolian genetic ancestry, based on the available genomic data but also supported by studies of material culture traditions. The article deals directly with the recent criticism of this chrono-stratigraphic model for Lepenski Vir.","PeriodicalId":36206,"journal":{"name":"Starinar","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68826096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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