Mohammed Rasheed, M. Saleem, T. Marzoog, M. Taki, Dikra Bouras, I. Hashim, Mustafa Darraji, Raad Rasheed, Mohammed E. Sarhan
Background: Caffeine boosts metabolism and the neurological system. When extreme weakness or sleepiness occurs, it is used recreationally and medicinally to reduce physical and mental fatigue. Caffeine initially stimulates the central nervous system, increasing intellect, speed, accuracy, focus, and coordination. Objective: To evaluate how caffeine nanoparticles affect potassium, calcium, zinc, and magnesium levels, in addition, the anti-bacterial activity of the samples has been employed. Methods: Eighteen male albino rats were divided into three separate groups. The first group (G1) was made up of six animals that served as a control group. The second group (G2) was made up of six animals that were given caffeine, and the third group (G3) was made up of six animals that were given silver nanoparticles from a caffeine solution. The particle size and structural morphology of Caffeine and silver nanoparticles were analyzed using Brookhaven Instruments Corp., XRD and SEM respectively. Results: The structural results showed after addition, caffeine was tube-shaped and silver was spherical granular. Caffeine has more silver nanoparticles than caffeine solution. Caffeine solution affects potassium, calcium, zinc, and magnesium levels. Additionally, the solution has antibacterial activity against the following bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +ve), E. coli (Gram –ve), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-ve), but it has no effect against yeast (Candida albicans). Conclusions: To determine the biological effects of caffeine-synthesized Ag NPs on zinc, magnesium, calcium, and potassium levels in male albino mice's serum, this is antibacterial against staphylococcus.
{"title":"Effect of caffeine-loaded silver nanoparticles on minerals concentration and antibacterial activity in rats","authors":"Mohammed Rasheed, M. Saleem, T. Marzoog, M. Taki, Dikra Bouras, I. Hashim, Mustafa Darraji, Raad Rasheed, Mohammed E. Sarhan","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2023.d144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d144","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Caffeine boosts metabolism and the neurological system. When extreme weakness or sleepiness occurs, it is used recreationally and medicinally to reduce physical and mental fatigue. Caffeine initially stimulates the central nervous system, increasing intellect, speed, accuracy, focus, and coordination. Objective: To evaluate how caffeine nanoparticles affect potassium, calcium, zinc, and magnesium levels, in addition, the anti-bacterial activity of the samples has been employed. Methods: Eighteen male albino rats were divided into three separate groups. The first group (G1) was made up of six animals that served as a control group. The second group (G2) was made up of six animals that were given caffeine, and the third group (G3) was made up of six animals that were given silver nanoparticles from a caffeine solution. The particle size and structural morphology of Caffeine and silver nanoparticles were analyzed using Brookhaven Instruments Corp., XRD and SEM respectively. Results: The structural results showed after addition, caffeine was tube-shaped and silver was spherical granular. Caffeine has more silver nanoparticles than caffeine solution. Caffeine solution affects potassium, calcium, zinc, and magnesium levels. Additionally, the solution has antibacterial activity against the following bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +ve), E. coli (Gram –ve), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-ve), but it has no effect against yeast (Candida albicans). Conclusions: To determine the biological effects of caffeine-synthesized Ag NPs on zinc, magnesium, calcium, and potassium levels in male albino mice's serum, this is antibacterial against staphylococcus.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70797673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mustari, M. Alam, Mohammad Miah, K. Sujan, A. Mahamud, E. Chowdhury
Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a potentially hazardous substance and is extensively used in manufacturing industries as a plasticizing agent. The current research intended to determine the revival actions of zinc (Zn) and folic acid (FA) on hematological parameters and hepatorenal function in BPA-exposed male albino mice. A total of 75 adult male mice, aged 25 to 28 days, were split into five groups. Group A (the control group) received a normal diet, while a daily dosage of 50 mg BPA/kg body weight (BW) in the diet was provided to groups B–E. Groups C, D, and E received daily supplements of 10 mg Zn/kg BW, 3 mg FA/kg BW, or both in the feed. After 12 weeks of treatment, serum was prepared by collecting blood, and the kidney and liver were taken for a histotexture study. The results demonstrate that hematological values dropped significantly (p< 0.05) in the BPA-treated group and increased following Zn and FA supplementations, while no significant alterations in erythrocyte indices were observed among control and treated groups. The BPA group used to have significantly (p< 0.05) higher liver and kidney biomarkers levels, which were restored by Zn and FA. The effects of BPA administration included severe hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis, as well as renal tubule epithelium loss, all of which were improved by Zn and FA. Hence, the findings suggest Zn and FA could be potential preventative agents against BPA-induced toxicity.
{"title":"Restoration of hepatorenal dysfunction and injury by zinc and folic acid combination in bisphenol A-intoxicated mice","authors":"A. Mustari, M. Alam, Mohammad Miah, K. Sujan, A. Mahamud, E. Chowdhury","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2023.d147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d147","url":null,"abstract":"Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a potentially hazardous substance and is extensively used in manufacturing industries as a plasticizing agent. The current research intended to determine the revival actions of zinc (Zn) and folic acid (FA) on hematological parameters and hepatorenal function in BPA-exposed male albino mice. A total of 75 adult male mice, aged 25 to 28 days, were split into five groups. Group A (the control group) received a normal diet, while a daily dosage of 50 mg BPA/kg body weight (BW) in the diet was provided to groups B–E. Groups C, D, and E received daily supplements of 10 mg Zn/kg BW, 3 mg FA/kg BW, or both in the feed. After 12 weeks of treatment, serum was prepared by collecting blood, and the kidney and liver were taken for a histotexture study. The results demonstrate that hematological values dropped significantly (p< 0.05) in the BPA-treated group and increased following Zn and FA supplementations, while no significant alterations in erythrocyte indices were observed among control and treated groups. The BPA group used to have significantly (p< 0.05) higher liver and kidney biomarkers levels, which were restored by Zn and FA. The effects of BPA administration included severe hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis, as well as renal tubule epithelium loss, all of which were improved by Zn and FA. Hence, the findings suggest Zn and FA could be potential preventative agents against BPA-induced toxicity.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70797721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ovarian cancer is one of the most popular causes of mortality among women, and the prevalence of ovarian cancer is increased. Early diagnosis of this disease via genetic variant testing is one potential strategy for enhancing treatment and disease outcome. In this study, we used the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of ovarian tumor tissues from Vietnamese patients to detect pathogenic variants in BRCA1/BRCA2 via next-generation sequencing. DNA was extracted using QIAamp DNA FFPE Tissue Kit, and then its quality was assessed using BioDrop and Qubit. The BRCAaccuTestTM PLUS kit and Illumina MiSeqDx instrument were used for both library preparation and sequencing. All samples had passed the A260/280 ratio cut-off for DNA purity and the requirement of DNA concentration. Excepted for the 1st time, the percentage of ≥ Q30 was more than 80%, while the density was approximately 1,200 K/mm2, while the phasing and prephasing (%) metrics were satisfied to be less than 0.1%. 5 pathogenic variants in BRCA1/BRCA2, including both single nucleotide polymorphisms and indels were successfully detected using NgeneAnalySysTM software.
卵巢癌是导致妇女死亡的最常见原因之一，而且卵巢癌的发病率正在上升。通过基因变异检测对该病进行早期诊断是提高治疗和疾病预后的一种潜在策略。在这项研究中，我们使用来自越南患者的卵巢肿瘤组织的福尔马林固定石蜡包埋(FFPE)样本，通过下一代测序检测BRCA1/BRCA2的致病变异。使用QIAamp DNA FFPE Tissue Kit提取DNA，然后使用BioDrop和Qubit评估其质量。使用BRCAaccuTestTM PLUS试剂盒和Illumina MiSeqDx仪器进行文库制备和测序。所有样品均通过了DNA纯度A260/280比例截止值和DNA浓度要求。除第一次外，≥Q30的百分比均大于80%，而密度约为1,200 K/mm2，而分相和预分相(%)指标均满足于小于0.1%。使用NgeneAnalySysTM软件成功检测了BRCA1/BRCA2的5种致病变异，包括单核苷酸多态性和索引。
{"title":"Next generation sequencing for the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of ovarian cancer in Vietnam","authors":"Dinh chu, Ngoc Nguyen, N. Bui, Thuy Vu","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2023.d160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d160","url":null,"abstract":"Ovarian cancer is one of the most popular causes of mortality among women, and the prevalence of ovarian cancer is increased. Early diagnosis of this disease via genetic variant testing is one potential strategy for enhancing treatment and disease outcome. In this study, we used the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples of ovarian tumor tissues from Vietnamese patients to detect pathogenic variants in BRCA1/BRCA2 via next-generation sequencing. DNA was extracted using QIAamp DNA FFPE Tissue Kit, and then its quality was assessed using BioDrop and Qubit. The BRCAaccuTestTM PLUS kit and Illumina MiSeqDx instrument were used for both library preparation and sequencing. All samples had passed the A260/280 ratio cut-off for DNA purity and the requirement of DNA concentration. Excepted for the 1st time, the percentage of ≥ Q30 was more than 80%, while the density was approximately 1,200 K/mm2, while the phasing and prephasing (%) metrics were satisfied to be less than 0.1%. 5 pathogenic variants in BRCA1/BRCA2, including both single nucleotide polymorphisms and indels were successfully detected using NgeneAnalySysTM software.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70798239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are few prostate cancer prognostic biomarkers. However, clinical difficulties in distinguishing between aggressive and non-aggressive tumors have been observed. CD73 is a 70-kDa glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked ecto-enzyme that reduces antitumor immunity in mouse models of tumor, particularly prostate cancer. It's believed to be a promising biomarker for predicting the clinical development and prognosis of certain tumor types. Its function in prostate cancer, however, is unknown. This study aims to investigate the hypothesis that CD73 may be used as a biomarker in prostate cancer diagnosis and/or prognosis. Nuclear and cytoplasmic CD73 staining has been evaluated by immunohistochemistry using benign (23) and malignant (75) prostate tissues. The immunohistochemical study showed nuclear and cytoplasmic CD73 staining in cancerous and non-cancerous prostate tissues. Increased CD73 staining was shown in prostate cancer tissues compared to benign prostate tissues. A negative association between CD73 expression and Gleason scores has been observed. However, increased cytoplasmic CD73 staining was significantly associated with increasing tumor size. This finding suggests that CD73 may have a role in cancer development or aggressiveness, indicating that more research is needed to better understand its function and determine whether it might be used as a diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer.
{"title":"Increased CD73 expression is associated with poorly differentiated Gleason score and tumor size in prostate cancer","authors":"Dhafer A. Alghezi, Rasha Aljawher, Sada Musawi","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2023.d115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d115","url":null,"abstract":"There are few prostate cancer prognostic biomarkers. However, clinical difficulties in distinguishing between aggressive and non-aggressive tumors have been observed. CD73 is a 70-kDa glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked ecto-enzyme that reduces antitumor immunity in mouse models of tumor, particularly prostate cancer. It's believed to be a promising biomarker for predicting the clinical development and prognosis of certain tumor types. Its function in prostate cancer, however, is unknown. This study aims to investigate the hypothesis that CD73 may be used as a biomarker in prostate cancer diagnosis and/or prognosis. Nuclear and cytoplasmic CD73 staining has been evaluated by immunohistochemistry using benign (23) and malignant (75) prostate tissues. The immunohistochemical study showed nuclear and cytoplasmic CD73 staining in cancerous and non-cancerous prostate tissues. Increased CD73 staining was shown in prostate cancer tissues compared to benign prostate tissues. A negative association between CD73 expression and Gleason scores has been observed. However, increased cytoplasmic CD73 staining was significantly associated with increasing tumor size. This finding suggests that CD73 may have a role in cancer development or aggressiveness, indicating that more research is needed to better understand its function and determine whether it might be used as a diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70797083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mutation profiles of oncogenes play essential roles in cancer therapy, but data on the prevalence of lung cancer oncogenic driver mutations in Vietnamese patients are limited. This study aims to evaluate the mutation status of EGFR, ALK, ROS1, RET and MET and analyze the association of gene mutations with clinicopathological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma. Of the 179 lung adenocarcinoma tissues, EGFR, ALK, ROS1, RET and MET mutation frequencies were 44.6; 7.9; 3.0; 3.0 and 2.0 percent, respectively. EGFR, ALK, ROS1 and RET alterations tended to be higher in females. Moreover, rearrangements of ALK, ROS and RET were more prevalent in younger lung adenocarcinoma, but skipping at exon 14 MET was more frequent in male and older patients. Stages III and IV seem to accumulate more ALK, RET and MET abnormalities. These findings identified the variation of frequencies of Vietnamese lung adenocarcinoma with different clinicopathological characteristics and established the pioneer data for oncogenic diver mutation of lung cancer in Vietnam.
{"title":"Oncogenic driver mutations in Vietnamese patients with lung adenocarcinoma","authors":"L. Vuong, Q. Nguyen","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2023.d136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d136","url":null,"abstract":"Mutation profiles of oncogenes play essential roles in cancer therapy, but data on the prevalence of lung cancer oncogenic driver mutations in Vietnamese patients are limited. This study aims to evaluate the mutation status of EGFR, ALK, ROS1, RET and MET and analyze the association of gene mutations with clinicopathological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma. Of the 179 lung adenocarcinoma tissues, EGFR, ALK, ROS1, RET and MET mutation frequencies were 44.6; 7.9; 3.0; 3.0 and 2.0 percent, respectively. EGFR, ALK, ROS1 and RET alterations tended to be higher in females. Moreover, rearrangements of ALK, ROS and RET were more prevalent in younger lung adenocarcinoma, but skipping at exon 14 MET was more frequent in male and older patients. Stages III and IV seem to accumulate more ALK, RET and MET abnormalities. These findings identified the variation of frequencies of Vietnamese lung adenocarcinoma with different clinicopathological characteristics and established the pioneer data for oncogenic diver mutation of lung cancer in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70797361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Kandpal, Nidhi Nainwal, Y. Ale, Yamini Semwal, V. Jakhmola, Neha Padiyar
The eyes are the only sense organ required for vision. Diseases like glaucoma, cataract, diabetic retinopathy etc. affect the proper functioning of the eyes and sometimes lead to blindness. The treatment of eye disorders is very challenging because of the unique structure of this organ. The traditional treatment approaches are not effective in providing good ocular bioavailability. The Provesicular systems are new-generation delivery systems that can improve drug bioavailability and provide therapeutic responses in a controlled manner for desired time. Among all, liposomes are the first such delivery vehicle but due to the lack of stability and the high cost, niosomes were formulated. Niosomes are nanosized vesicles composed of non-ionic surfactants that can encapsulate both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. The drawbacks associated with niosomes, like fusion, aggregation, sedimentation, difficulty in sterilization, leaking, etc., gave birth to proniosomes. Proniosomes are more stable and bioavailable than niosomes and liposomes. Proniosomes are dry formulations of hydrophilic carrier particles coated with a water-soluble non-ionic surfactant that, when hydrated, instantly transforms into niosomes. Proniosomes can be used as stable, non-toxic carriers to improve the ocular residence and bioavailability of many drugs. This paper reviewed various aspects of proniosomes along with their biomedical applications and toxicity in ocular drug delivery.
{"title":"Proniosomes: A pro vesicular system in ocular drug delivery","authors":"N. Kandpal, Nidhi Nainwal, Y. Ale, Yamini Semwal, V. Jakhmola, Neha Padiyar","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2023.d154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d154","url":null,"abstract":"The eyes are the only sense organ required for vision. Diseases like glaucoma, cataract, diabetic retinopathy etc. affect the proper functioning of the eyes and sometimes lead to blindness. The treatment of eye disorders is very challenging because of the unique structure of this organ. The traditional treatment approaches are not effective in providing good ocular bioavailability. The Provesicular systems are new-generation delivery systems that can improve drug bioavailability and provide therapeutic responses in a controlled manner for desired time. Among all, liposomes are the first such delivery vehicle but due to the lack of stability and the high cost, niosomes were formulated. Niosomes are nanosized vesicles composed of non-ionic surfactants that can encapsulate both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. The drawbacks associated with niosomes, like fusion, aggregation, sedimentation, difficulty in sterilization, leaking, etc., gave birth to proniosomes. Proniosomes are more stable and bioavailable than niosomes and liposomes. Proniosomes are dry formulations of hydrophilic carrier particles coated with a water-soluble non-ionic surfactant that, when hydrated, instantly transforms into niosomes. Proniosomes can be used as stable, non-toxic carriers to improve the ocular residence and bioavailability of many drugs. This paper reviewed various aspects of proniosomes along with their biomedical applications and toxicity in ocular drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70797497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Afrin, M. Ahmed, Anik Banik, Md Bappy, Md Sayem, Md Rahman, S. Mukta, Kazi Zinnah, Mohammad Khan, Sudeb Saha
The occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria is concerning the scientific community since it confers multiple drug resistance (MDR). The study investigated the prevalence of MDR-ESBL-producing Salmonella strains from shrimp in Sylhet region, Bangladesh. A total of 165 shrimp samples were processed from 55 shrimp specimen from different retail shops. The presence of Salmonella was confirmed by standard methods followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing. Isolates exhibiting resistant to third-generation cephalosporin were considered as Salmonella positive isolates which was later proven by the double disc synergy test. Thirty-nine isolates were identified to be Salmonella positive of which eighteen were from seven department stores and twenty-one from the local market. The body parts had the highest rate of positive samples (30.91%), followed by the head (23.63%), and the tail (16.36%). Additionally, isolated Salmonella were resistant to rifampicin and Cefixime but 100% susceptible to co-trimoxazole, ofloxacin, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, and chloramphenicol, while ciprofloxacin showed intermediate resistance. Vancomycin, cephalexin, ampicillin, and colistin, on the other hand, were among the extremely resistant drugs. Finally, while six of the tested isolates demonstrated resistance against the recommended cephalosporin, three of them (7.69%) were Salmonella ESBL positive in the double disc synergy test. The rising incidence of MDR and the developing prevalence of ESBL-positive Salmonella may put a burden on the healthcare system by limiting access to effective antibacterial drugs.
{"title":"Phenotypic screening of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Salmonella in retail shrimp","authors":"D. Afrin, M. Ahmed, Anik Banik, Md Bappy, Md Sayem, Md Rahman, S. Mukta, Kazi Zinnah, Mohammad Khan, Sudeb Saha","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2023.d159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d159","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria is concerning the scientific community since it confers multiple drug resistance (MDR). The study investigated the prevalence of MDR-ESBL-producing Salmonella strains from shrimp in Sylhet region, Bangladesh. A total of 165 shrimp samples were processed from 55 shrimp specimen from different retail shops. The presence of Salmonella was confirmed by standard methods followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing. Isolates exhibiting resistant to third-generation cephalosporin were considered as Salmonella positive isolates which was later proven by the double disc synergy test. Thirty-nine isolates were identified to be Salmonella positive of which eighteen were from seven department stores and twenty-one from the local market. The body parts had the highest rate of positive samples (30.91%), followed by the head (23.63%), and the tail (16.36%). Additionally, isolated Salmonella were resistant to rifampicin and Cefixime but 100% susceptible to co-trimoxazole, ofloxacin, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, and chloramphenicol, while ciprofloxacin showed intermediate resistance. Vancomycin, cephalexin, ampicillin, and colistin, on the other hand, were among the extremely resistant drugs. Finally, while six of the tested isolates demonstrated resistance against the recommended cephalosporin, three of them (7.69%) were Salmonella ESBL positive in the double disc synergy test. The rising incidence of MDR and the developing prevalence of ESBL-positive Salmonella may put a burden on the healthcare system by limiting access to effective antibacterial drugs.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70798070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Moniruzzaman, M. Mostari, Shirmin Islam, M. Jinnah, Jui Biswas, Suvro Biswas, S. Zaman, M. Saleh, M. Uddin
Rumex dentatus is a medicinal plant with a variety of bioactive components that can be used to treat infections and multidrug-resistant (MDR) microbes. MDR microbes associated with infection pose a real threat and the available antibiotics can no longer be used to control or kill those bacteria. Thus, the study aimed to ascertain the antibacterial activity of Rumex dentatus leaf extract and identify a potent compound that can be used as a drug developmental agent may against Staphylococcus aureus. Disc diffusion method, mortality assay of brine shrimp, and DPPH free radical scavenging assay were carried out for in vitro analysis. Standard computational tools and servers such as Pymol, PyRx, and Discovery Studio were used for carrying out the in silico studies. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the infected area of eczema sufferers and identified through morphological, biochemical, and 16SrRNA sequence analysis. Rumex dentatus leaf extract was diluted with methanol and it showed the maximum zone of inhibition (14.33 ± 0.68 mm) after applying it against Staphylococcus aureus at the dose of 150µg/disc. Furthermore, the extract revealed remarkable antioxidant activity and the death rate of brine shrimp and leaf extract concentration were positively connected. Finding pharmacological targets with a high affinity for the FosB (4nb2) protein, which controls antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, was done via molecular docking. 1-Alpha-18O-1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (CID- 5280453), Androstan-3-ol, 9-methyl-(3 beta,5 alpha) (CID- 22215820), Phenylacetaldehyde (CID- 998), and Benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy- methyl ester (CID- 62603) substances had binding energies of -6.8 Kcal/mol, -6.6 Kcal/mol, -5.6 kcal/mol, and -5.5 kcal/mol, respectively. As an organic source of medicines, Rumex dentatus leaf extract could thus be used to combat the antimicrobial-resistant pathogen.
{"title":"Biochemical and in silico study of leaf extract from Rumex dentatus against Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"M. Moniruzzaman, M. Mostari, Shirmin Islam, M. Jinnah, Jui Biswas, Suvro Biswas, S. Zaman, M. Saleh, M. Uddin","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2023.d126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d126","url":null,"abstract":"Rumex dentatus is a medicinal plant with a variety of bioactive components that can be used to treat infections and multidrug-resistant (MDR) microbes. MDR microbes associated with infection pose a real threat and the available antibiotics can no longer be used to control or kill those bacteria. Thus, the study aimed to ascertain the antibacterial activity of Rumex dentatus leaf extract and identify a potent compound that can be used as a drug developmental agent may against Staphylococcus aureus. Disc diffusion method, mortality assay of brine shrimp, and DPPH free radical scavenging assay were carried out for in vitro analysis. Standard computational tools and servers such as Pymol, PyRx, and Discovery Studio were used for carrying out the in silico studies. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the infected area of eczema sufferers and identified through morphological, biochemical, and 16SrRNA sequence analysis. Rumex dentatus leaf extract was diluted with methanol and it showed the maximum zone of inhibition (14.33 ± 0.68 mm) after applying it against Staphylococcus aureus at the dose of 150µg/disc. Furthermore, the extract revealed remarkable antioxidant activity and the death rate of brine shrimp and leaf extract concentration were positively connected. Finding pharmacological targets with a high affinity for the FosB (4nb2) protein, which controls antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, was done via molecular docking. 1-Alpha-18O-1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (CID- 5280453), Androstan-3-ol, 9-methyl-(3 beta,5 alpha) (CID- 22215820), Phenylacetaldehyde (CID- 998), and Benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy- methyl ester (CID- 62603) substances had binding energies of -6.8 Kcal/mol, -6.6 Kcal/mol, -5.6 kcal/mol, and -5.5 kcal/mol, respectively. As an organic source of medicines, Rumex dentatus leaf extract could thus be used to combat the antimicrobial-resistant pathogen.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70796897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Zuhora, M. Hosen, N. Rumi, Md Rahman, J. Alam, Mehbub Hasan
House flies are mechanical vectors of food borne enteric pathogenic bacteria which may transfer isolates to human and produce diseases. In Bangladesh, there is very limited data on molecular characterization of drug-resistant bacteria from isolated house flies. The research was conducted to determine the pathogenic bacteria isolated from houseflies in different location in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh and their antibiogram study for a period of one year from June, 2019 to July, 2020. A total of 140 houseflies were randomly collected and submitted to bacteriology lab, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University for microbiological analysis. A group of cultural tests, biochemical tests were used to isolation and identification of isolates and further confirmed through molecular characterization by the presence of 16S rRNA gene E1, E2 and invA. Additionally, 14 commercially available antibiotics were used by karby-bauer disk diffusion technique for antibiogram study. Results showed that the most commonly isolated bacteria from houseflies' external surfaces were Escherichia coli 19.04%, Salmonella typhimurium 15.87%, and Pseudomonas spp. 7.93% from 63 isolates, while 42 isolates found 35.71%, 28.57%, and 14.28% respectively. PCR amplification bands of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas spp. were 584bp, 284bp, and 1497bp. Almost all the isolates were highly resistant to erythromycin, gentamycin, bacitracin (100%), followed by kanamycin, methicillin (80%) whereas highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, azithromycin (100%), followed by tetracycline, amoxicillin (85.71%). These pathogenic microorganisms at distinct sampling sites indicate house flies may transmit vector-borne pathogens to humans. Based on these findings, we recommend vector-borne disease-fighting medications and a sustainable house fly-control approach. We also suggest promoting hygiene and food safety protocol to distance food ingredient from flies in local markets.
{"title":"Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant bacteria isolated from the external and internal parts of the housefly","authors":"F. Zuhora, M. Hosen, N. Rumi, Md Rahman, J. Alam, Mehbub Hasan","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2023.d152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d152","url":null,"abstract":"House flies are mechanical vectors of food borne enteric pathogenic bacteria which may transfer isolates to human and produce diseases. In Bangladesh, there is very limited data on molecular characterization of drug-resistant bacteria from isolated house flies. The research was conducted to determine the pathogenic bacteria isolated from houseflies in different location in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh and their antibiogram study for a period of one year from June, 2019 to July, 2020. A total of 140 houseflies were randomly collected and submitted to bacteriology lab, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University for microbiological analysis. A group of cultural tests, biochemical tests were used to isolation and identification of isolates and further confirmed through molecular characterization by the presence of 16S rRNA gene E1, E2 and invA. Additionally, 14 commercially available antibiotics were used by karby-bauer disk diffusion technique for antibiogram study. Results showed that the most commonly isolated bacteria from houseflies' external surfaces were Escherichia coli 19.04%, Salmonella typhimurium 15.87%, and Pseudomonas spp. 7.93% from 63 isolates, while 42 isolates found 35.71%, 28.57%, and 14.28% respectively. PCR amplification bands of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas spp. were 584bp, 284bp, and 1497bp. Almost all the isolates were highly resistant to erythromycin, gentamycin, bacitracin (100%), followed by kanamycin, methicillin (80%) whereas highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, azithromycin (100%), followed by tetracycline, amoxicillin (85.71%). These pathogenic microorganisms at distinct sampling sites indicate house flies may transmit vector-borne pathogens to humans. Based on these findings, we recommend vector-borne disease-fighting medications and a sustainable house fly-control approach. We also suggest promoting hygiene and food safety protocol to distance food ingredient from flies in local markets.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70797436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Different plants are traditionally applied in the treatment of different diseases, including chest pains, hypertension, and inflammation, among others. This study scientifically evaluated the curative treatment effects of X. americana and P. capensis leaf aqueous extracts in rats induced with myocardial infarction. The rats were randomly distributed as follows: Normal control group, consisting of rats treated with oral normal saline; Negative control group, comprising rats induced with MI and treated with normal saline; Positive control group, consisting of rats induced with MI and orally treated with propranolol (10 mg/Kg bw); and three experimental groups consisting rats induced with MI and treated with plant extracts at dose levels 150, 200 and 250 mg/kg bw. This study’s findings demonstrated that there was a significant reduction in the amounts of cTnT, LDH, CK-MB, T-cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and malondialdehyde, as well as a significant increase in levels of HDL, catalase, SOD, and glutathione peroxidase among rats treated with propranolol and plant extracts as compared to the negative control rats. Additionally, LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and phenolics, which could explain the observed cardiocurative effects. This study concluded that aqueous leaf extracts of X. americana and P. capensis possess cardiocurative activities in rats with myocardial infarction. However, further studies on isolated fractions of the phytochemicals present are recommended. This study provides preliminary data useful in the development of pure and safe cardioactive compounds.
{"title":"Cardiocurative effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Ximenia americana (linn.) and Pappea capensis (eckl. and zeyh.) against myocardial infarction in rats","authors":"D. Gaichu, P. Mathabe, M. Ngugi","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2023.d127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2023.d127","url":null,"abstract":"Different plants are traditionally applied in the treatment of different diseases, including chest pains, hypertension, and inflammation, among others. This study scientifically evaluated the curative treatment effects of X. americana and P. capensis leaf aqueous extracts in rats induced with myocardial infarction. The rats were randomly distributed as follows: Normal control group, consisting of rats treated with oral normal saline; Negative control group, comprising rats induced with MI and treated with normal saline; Positive control group, consisting of rats induced with MI and orally treated with propranolol (10 mg/Kg bw); and three experimental groups consisting rats induced with MI and treated with plant extracts at dose levels 150, 200 and 250 mg/kg bw. This study’s findings demonstrated that there was a significant reduction in the amounts of cTnT, LDH, CK-MB, T-cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and malondialdehyde, as well as a significant increase in levels of HDL, catalase, SOD, and glutathione peroxidase among rats treated with propranolol and plant extracts as compared to the negative control rats. Additionally, LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and phenolics, which could explain the observed cardiocurative effects. This study concluded that aqueous leaf extracts of X. americana and P. capensis possess cardiocurative activities in rats with myocardial infarction. However, further studies on isolated fractions of the phytochemicals present are recommended. This study provides preliminary data useful in the development of pure and safe cardioactive compounds.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70796947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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