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Noise mapping technology of high-speed railway based on GIS 基于GIS的高速铁路噪声制图技术
Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.24294/jgc.v5i2.1669
Yanliang Li, Lanhua Liu, Zhiqiang Li
In order to promote the application of noise map in high-speed railway noise management, the high-speed railway noise map drawing technology based on the combination of noise prediction model and geographic information system (GIS) is studied. Firstly, according to the distribution characteristics of noise sources and line structure characteristics of high-speed railway, the prediction model of multi equivalent sound sources and the calculation method of sound barrier insertion loss of high-speed railway are optimized; secondly, a three-dimensional geographic information model of a high-speed railway is built in GIS software, and the railway noise prediction technology based on the model is developed again; then, the noise of discrete nodes is calculated, and the continuous noise distribution map is drawn by spatial interpolation. The research results show that the comparison error between the noise map of a high-speed railway drawn by this technology and the measured results is less than 1 dB (A), which verifies the accuracy and practicality of the high-speed railway noise map, and can be used as a reference for the railway noise management department to formulate noise control countermeasures.
为了促进噪声图在高速铁路噪声管理中的应用,研究了基于噪声预测模型与地理信息系统(GIS)相结合的高速铁路噪声图绘制技术。首先,根据高速铁路噪声源分布特点和线路结构特点,优化了多等效声源预测模型和高速铁路声屏障插入损失计算方法;其次,在GIS软件中建立了高速铁路的三维地理信息模型,并在此基础上开发了铁路噪声预测技术;然后,计算离散节点的噪声,通过空间插值绘制连续噪声分布图;研究结果表明,该技术绘制的高速铁路噪声图与实测结果的对比误差小于1 dB (a),验证了高速铁路噪声图的准确性和实用性,可为铁路噪声管理部门制定噪声治理对策提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Research on three-dimensional spectrum mapping driven by propagation model 基于传播模型驱动的三维频谱映射研究
Pub Date : 2022-05-07 DOI: 10.24294/jgc.v5i2.1668
Qiuming Zhu, Xiaofu Du, Qihui Wu, Jie Wang, Yi Zhao, Kai Mao, Weizhi Zhong
Spectrum map is the foundation of spectrum resource management, security governance and spectrum warfare. Aiming at the problem that the traditional spectrum mapping is limited to two-dimensional space, a three-dimensional spectrum data acquisition and mapping system architecture for the integration of space, sky and earth is presented, and a spectrum map reconstruction scheme driven by propagation model is proposed, which can achieve high-precision three-dimensional spectrum map rendering under the condition of sparse sampling. The spectrum map reconstructed by this method in the case of single radiation source and multiple radiation sources is in good agreement with the theoretical results based on ray tracing method. In addition, the measured results of typical scenes further verify the feasibility of this method.
频谱地图是频谱资源管理、安全治理和频谱战的基础。针对传统频谱制图局限于二维空间的问题,提出了一种空间、天空、地球一体化的三维频谱数据采集与制图系统架构,提出了一种由传播模型驱动的频谱图重构方案,实现了稀疏采样条件下高精度的三维频谱图绘制。该方法在单辐射源和多辐射源情况下重建的光谱图与基于射线追迹法的理论结果吻合较好。另外,典型场景的实测结果进一步验证了该方法的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
Hazards of riverbed processes in Russian rivers: Evaluation criteria, mapping and regional analysis 俄罗斯河流河床过程的危害:评价标准、制图和区域分析
Pub Date : 2022-02-19 DOI: 10.24294/jgc.v5i1.1485
R. Chalov, A. Chernov, N. Mikhailova
The danger of riverbed processes is considered. Their speed varies from the first few months of the flood to the most dynamic process in nature. It happened in front of people. This may make life on the river bank and the utilization of river resources more difficult. This paper introduces the causes and consequences of the danger performance of riverbed processes, and focuses on the mapping methods of the danger assessment of riverbed processes: determining the danger degree of riverbed processes and different methods of displaying it on the map. An example of displaying danger on the previously drawn map is given, and the distribution of different types and expression degrees of dangerous riverbed processes under various natural conditions in Russia is briefly analyzed.
考虑了河床作用的危险性。它们的速度从洪水的最初几个月到自然界中最动态的过程各不相同。事情发生在众目睽睽之下。这可能会使河岸上的生活和河流资源的利用更加困难。介绍了河床过程危险表现的原因和后果,重点介绍了河床过程危险评价的制图方法:确定河床过程危险程度和在地图上显示的不同方法。给出了在已绘制的地图上显示危险的实例,简要分析了俄罗斯不同自然条件下危险河床过程的不同类型和表现程度的分布。
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引用次数: 0
Remote sensing analysis of land use/cover change 土地利用/覆被变化遥感分析
Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.24294/jgc.v5i1.1414
Quanke Ning, Shicheng Xie, Chen Zhong, Dan Yu, Xiaoman Tai
Based on Landsat–7ETM + images of 2007 and 2012 and Landsat–8 images of 2018, this study took Fuyang City, Anhui Province (Yingzhou District, Yingdong District, Yingquan District) as the research object, and made a quantitative analysis of land use/cover change in Fuyang City from 2007 to 2018 with the Environment for Visualizing Images (ENVI) software. According to the data of land use types in three phases, the article analyzes the development trend of various land use types and the main reasons for the changes of land use, which provides a certain basis for the urban planning and environmental construction of Fuyang City. The results show that with the rapid economic development and continuous improvement of the urbanization level in Fuyang City during 11 years, the area of various land types in the study area has changed greatly. The area of construction land area changed by 448.27 km2, with an increase of 543.57%; the area of arable land changed by 597.52 km2, with a decrease of 34.74%; the area of bare land changed by 26.00 km2, with a decrease of 80.68%. The changes were closely related to the rapid economic and social development in the study area. Under the influence of environmental protection policies and environmental awareness, the area of forest land changed by 85.00 km2, with an increase of 97.58%; the water area changed by 84.35 km2, with an increase of 201.39%.
基于2007年、2012年Landsat-7ETM +影像和2018年Landsat-8影像,以安徽省阜阳市(营州区、营东区、营泉区)为研究对象,利用环境可视化影像(Environment for Visualizing images, ENVI)软件对阜阳市2007 - 2018年土地利用/覆被变化进行了定量分析。根据三个阶段的土地利用类型数据,分析了各种土地利用类型的发展趋势和土地利用变化的主要原因,为阜阳市的城市规划和环境建设提供了一定的依据。结果表明:随着11年来阜阳市经济的快速发展和城市化水平的不断提高,研究区各类土地面积发生了较大变化;建设用地面积变化448.27 km2,增长543.57%;耕地面积减少597.52 km2,减少34.74%;裸地面积变化26.00 km2,减少80.68%。这些变化与研究区经济社会的快速发展密切相关。在环境保护政策和环境意识的影响下,林地面积变化85.00 km2,增加97.58%;水域面积变化84.35 km2,增加201.39%。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation methods of regional bank slope stability based on geographic information systems and integrated information model 基于地理信息系统和综合信息模型的区域岸坡稳定性评价方法
Pub Date : 2022-01-26 DOI: 10.24294/jgc.v5i1.1411
Guo Yu, M. Xie, Y. Li
Through the combination of the geographic information systems (GIS) and the integrated information model, the stability of regional bank slope was comprehensively evaluated. First, a regional bank slope stability evaluation index system was established through studying seven selected factors (slope grade, slope direction, mountain shadow, elevation, stratigraphic lithology, geological structure and river action) that have an impact on the stability of the slope. Then, each factor was rasterized by GIS. According to the integrated information model, the evaluation index distribution map based on rasterized factors was obtained to evaluate the stability of the regional bank slope. Through the analysis of an actual project, it was concluded that the geological structure and stratigraphic lithology have a significant impact on the evaluation results. Most of the research areas were in the relatively low stable areas. The low and the relatively low stable areas accounted for 15.2% and 51.5% of the total study area respectively. The accuracy of slope evaluation results in the study area reached 95.41%.
通过地理信息系统(GIS)与综合信息模型的结合,对区域岸坡稳定性进行了综合评价。首先,通过选取坡度、坡向、山影、高程、地层岩性、地质构造、河流作用等7个影响岸坡稳定性的因素,建立区域岸坡稳定性评价指标体系。然后,利用GIS对各因子进行栅格化处理。根据综合信息模型,得到基于栅格化因子的评价指标分布图,对区域岸坡稳定性进行评价。通过对一个实际工程的分析,得出地质构造和地层岩性对评价结果影响较大的结论。大部分研究区域处于相对较低的稳定区。低稳定区和相对低稳定区分别占研究区总面积的15.2%和51.5%。研究区坡度评价结果的准确率达到95.41%。
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引用次数: 0
Mapping of township agricultural land use based on Sentinel-2A images 基于Sentinel-2A影像的乡镇农业用地制图
Pub Date : 2022-01-25 DOI: 10.24294/jgc.v5i1.1444
Y. Jiang, Zhongyou Liu, Xiuchun Dong, Guoye Ren, Zongnan Li
Objective: to achieve accurately and rapidly the mapping of agricultural land use and crop distribution at the township scale. Methods: this study, based on specific methods, such as, time-series remote sensing index threshold classification and maximum likelihood, classifies each land use type and extracts crop spatial information, under the guidance of Sentinel-2A remote sensing images, to carry out agricultural land use mapping at township scale. And the mapping concerned will be verified by comparing with an agricultural spatial information map of a 0.5 m resolution, which is based on WorldVieW-2 fused images. Results: (1) the area accuracy of grain and oil crop land, vegetable land, agricultural facilities land and garden land is fairly good, with 92.93%, 98.98%, 95.71% and 95.14% respectively, and within 8% variation from actual area; (2) the spatial information of plot boundary, farmland road network, and canal network produced by OSM road data and historical high-resolution images was overlayed with the classification results of Sentinel-2A multi-spectral image for mapping, which can improve the accuracy of plot boundary information of classification results for the image with 10 m resolution. Conclusions: the use of multi-source information fusion method, agricultural land use and crop distribution space big data produced by Sentinel-2A optical image, can effectively improve the accuracy and timeliness of land use mapping at the township scale, to provide technical reference for the application of remote sensing big data to carry out agricultural landscape analysis at the township scale, optimization and adjustment of agricultural structure, etc.
目的:实现乡镇规模农业用地和作物分布的准确、快速制图。方法:本研究基于时序遥感指数阈值分类、最大似然等具体方法,对各土地利用类型进行分类,提取作物空间信息,在Sentinel-2A遥感影像的指导下,开展乡镇尺度农业用地制图。并与基于WorldVieW-2融合图像的0.5 m分辨率农业空间信息地图进行对比验证。结果:(1)粮油作物用地、蔬菜用地、农业设施用地和园林用地的面积精度较好,分别为92.93%、98.98%、95.71%和95.14%,与实际面积偏差在8%以内;(2)将OSM道路数据与历史高分辨率影像产生的地块边界、农田路网、运河网空间信息与Sentinel-2A多光谱影像分类结果叠加成图,提高了10 m分辨率影像分类结果地块边界信息的精度。结论:利用多源信息融合方法,利用Sentinel-2A光学影像产生的农业土地利用和作物分布空间大数据,可有效提高乡镇尺度土地利用制图的准确性和时效性,为应用遥感大数据开展乡镇尺度农业景观分析、农业结构优化调整等提供技术参考。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic reconstruction method of unmanned aerial vehicle aerial remote sensing image based on compressed sensing 基于压缩感知的无人机航空遥感图像动态重建方法
Pub Date : 2021-12-05 DOI: 10.24294/jgc.v5i1.1413
Guangdi Ma, Weichen Yang
Aiming at the current problems of poor dynamic reconstruction of UAV aerial remote sensing images and low image clarity, the dynamic reconstruction method of UAV aerial remote sensing images based on compression perception is proposed. Construct a quality reduction model for UAV aerial remote sensing images, obtain image feature information, and further noise reduction preprocessing of UAV aerial remote sensing images to better improve the resolution, spectral and multi-temporal trends of UAV aerial remote sensing images, and effectively solve the problems of resource waste such as large amount of sampled data, long sampling time and large amount of data transmission and storage. Maximize the UAV aerial remote sensing images sampling rate, reduce the complexity of dynamic reconstruction of UAV aerial remote sensing images, and effectively obtain the research requirements of high-quality image reconstruction. The experimental results show that the proposed dynamic reconstruction method of UAV aerial remote sensing images based on compressed sensing is correct and effective, which is better than the current mainstream methods.
针对当前无人机航空遥感图像动态重建效果差、图像清晰度低等问题,提出了基于压缩感知的无人机航空遥感图像动态重建方法。构建无人机航空遥感图像质量降维模型,获取图像特征信息,对无人机航空遥感图像进行进一步的降噪预处理,以更好地提高无人机航空遥感图像的分辨率、光谱和多时相趋势,有效解决采样数据量大、采样时间长、数据传输存储量大等资源浪费问题。最大限度地提高无人机航空遥感图像的采样率,降低无人机航空遥感图像动态重建的复杂性,有效地获得高质量图像重建的研究要求。实验结果表明,本文提出的基于压缩感知的无人机航空遥感图像动态重建方法正确有效,优于当前主流方法。
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of soil erosion in loess plateau based on geographic information system 基于地理信息系统的黄土高原土壤侵蚀估算
Pub Date : 2021-11-11 DOI: 10.24294/jgc.v5i1.1410
Xing-hai Dang, Yajie Sun
One of the core problems in soil erosion research is the estimation of soil erosion. It is a feasible method and technical approach to estimate soil erosion in Loess Plateau region by using USLE model, GIS and RS technology and using DEM data, meteorological data and land-use type data. With the support of GIS and RS technology, the USLE factors and soil erosion in Loess Plateau region were estimated, and the soil erosion intensity was classified according to the Chinese soil erosion intensity classification standard. The results can provide reference for the development of soil erosion control measures in the Loess Plateau.
土壤侵蚀的估算是土壤侵蚀研究的核心问题之一。利用USLE模型、GIS和RS技术,结合DEM数据、气象数据和土地利用类型数据估算黄土高原地区土壤侵蚀是一种可行的方法和技术途径。在GIS和RS技术的支持下,对黄土高原区USLE因子和土壤侵蚀进行了估算,并按照中国土壤侵蚀强度分级标准对土壤侵蚀强度进行了分类。研究结果可为黄土高原水土流失防治措施的制定提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating optical and microwave satellite observations for high res-olution soil moisture estimate and applications in CONUS drought analyses 基于光学和微波卫星观测的高分辨率土壤水分估算及其在CONUS干旱分析中的应用
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.24294/jgc.v4i1.1313
Donglian Sun, Yu Li, X. Zhan, Chaowei Yang, Ruixin Yang
In this study, optical and microwave satellite observations are integrated to estimate soil moisture at the same spatial resolution as the optical sensors (5km here) and applied for drought analysis in the continental United States. A new refined model is proposed to include auxiliary data like soil texture, topography, surface types, accumulated precipitation, in addition to Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) used in the traditional universal triangle method. It is found the new proposed soil moisture model using accumulated precipitation demonstrated close agreements with the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) spatial patterns. Currently, the USDM is providing a weekly map. Recently, “flash” drought concept appears. To obtain drought map on daily basis, LST is derived from microwave observations and downscaled to the same resolution as the thermal infrared LST product and used to fill the gaps due to clouds in optical LST data. With the integrated daily LST available under nearly all weather conditions, daily soil moisture can be estimated at relatively higher spatial resolution than those traditionally derived from passive microwave sensors, thus drought maps based on soil moisture anomalies can be obtained on daily basis and made the flash drought analysis and monitoring become possible.
在本研究中,将光学和微波卫星观测结合起来,以与光学传感器相同的空间分辨率估算土壤湿度(这里为5km),并将其应用于美国大陆的干旱分析。在传统的通用三角法中,除了归一化植被指数(NDVI)和地表温度(LST)外,还引入了土壤质地、地形、地表类型、累积降水等辅助数据。研究发现,利用累积降水建立的土壤湿度模型与美国干旱监测(USDM)的空间模式非常吻合。目前,USDM正在提供每周地图。最近,“闪电”干旱概念出现。为了获得逐日的干旱图,利用微波观测得到的地表温度,将其缩小到与热红外地表温度产品相同的分辨率,并用于填补光学地表温度数据中由于云的影响而出现的空白。利用几乎所有天气条件下的综合日地表温度,可以以相对较高的空间分辨率估算土壤日湿度,从而可以逐日获得基于土壤水分异常的干旱图,为暴发性干旱分析和监测提供可能。
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引用次数: 0
Castells’s “Network Society Theory” to Human Geography —Analysis and Comparison Based on Chinese and Foreign Quotations 卡斯特的“网络社会理论”对人文地理学的影响——基于中外引文的分析与比较
Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.24294/jgc.v3i1.1306
Jia Tang, F. Zhen, Xia Wang
Based on 898 English documents and 363 Chinese documents citing the Rising of Network Society, it studied that the knowledge contribution of citation content analysis and citation context analysis methods, and the knowledge contribution of Chinese and foreign quotations to human geography. The study found that “mobile space” is the most quoted theoretical view in domestic and foreign literature, and the proportion of domestic research is significantly higher than foreign research; the focus of domestic and foreign research focuses on the external spatial form and its transformation, while foreign research pays more attention on the internal spatial dynamics of network society and three types of knowledge contributions, reflecting the influence of “network social theory” on human geography. Among them, critical references reveal the shortcomings of “network social theory” point out the abstraction of “spatial duality” the importance of local space, and the limitations of research data, methods, and time background, which provides new enlightenment for the future application and innovation of “network social theory” in the field of human geography.
以引用《网络社会的崛起》的898篇英文文献和363篇中文文献为基础,研究了引文内容分析和引文上下文分析方法的知识贡献,以及中外引文对人文地理学的知识贡献。研究发现,“移动空间”是国内外文献中被引用最多的理论观点,且国内研究占比显著高于国外研究;国内外研究的重点集中在外部空间形态及其转化上,而国外研究更关注网络社会的内部空间动态和三种类型的知识贡献,反映了“网络社会理论”对人文地理学的影响。其中,批判性文献揭示了“网络社会理论”的不足,指出了“空间二元性”的抽象性、局部空间的重要性以及研究数据、方法和时代背景的局限性,为未来“网络社会理论”在人文地理领域的应用和创新提供了新的启示。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Geography and Cartography
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