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ASSESSING NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT’S EFFORTS IN SAFEGUARDING CITIZENS, UTILITIES, AND INFRASTRUCTURE FROM TERRORIST ATTACKS 评估尼日利亚政府在保护公民、公用事业和基础设施免受恐怖袭击方面所做的努力
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2024.7(1).08
Usamotu Basheer Olalere, Agara Tunde
Vulnerable places are usually the targets of terrorist attacks everywhere in the world. The scenario is quite the same in Nigeria. Boko Haram and other terrorist groups in Nigeria have attacked ordinary citizens and infrastructure like schools and hospitals. Especially crowded places are the main targets of the terrorists. To mitigate this security challenge, the Nigerian government factored in the protection of soft targets in its National Counter-Terrorism Strategy (NACTEST). The second pillar of NACTEST, known as “to secure,” is in charge of this assignment. The NACTEST document was launched in 2014 by President Jonathan as a standing policy to combat terrorism in Nigeria. It is expected that this strategy needs to be evaluated since it has been in operation for more than half a decade. The focus of this paper is to examine the extent to which the Nigerian government has successively protected soft targets from terrorism attacks. The paper makes use of both primary and secondary data as sources of data gathering and content analysis for data analysis. The research makes use of the NACTEST document and bases its evaluation on the specified objectives of the NACTEST second pillar, “to secure." It also adopts asymmetric theory as its theoretical framework. The paper discovered that the Nigerian government has, to a large extent, successively protected the vulnerable, like civilian citizens, utilities, and infrastructure. However, sporadic attacks by terrorists are equally a challenge that the government needs to handle seriously. The paper recommended, among others, that the government should provide needed resources, both human and material, for security and better performance.
在世界各地,易受攻击的地方通常都是恐怖袭击的目标。尼日利亚的情况也是如此。博科圣地 "组织和尼日利亚的其他恐怖组织袭击了普通公民以及学校和医院等基础设施。尤其是人群密集的地方,更是恐怖分子的主要目标。为缓解这一安全挑战,尼日利亚政府在其《国家反恐战略》(NACTEST)中加入了保护软目标的内容。NACTEST 的第二个支柱,即 "确保安全",负责这项任务。NACTEST 文件由乔纳森总统于 2014 年推出,是尼日利亚打击恐怖主义的一项长期政策。预计这一战略需要进行评估,因为它已实施了大半年。本文的重点是研究尼日利亚政府在多大程度上先后保护了软目标免遭恐怖主义袭击。本文利用第一手数据和第二手数据作为数据收集来源,并利用内容分析法进行数据分析。研究使用了 NACTEST 文件,并根据 NACTEST 第二支柱 "安全 "的具体目标进行评估。研究还采用了不对称理论作为其理论框架。论文发现,尼日利亚政府在很大程度上先后保护了平民、公用事业和基础设施等弱势群体。然而,恐怖分子的零星袭击同样是政府需要认真应对的挑战。文件建议,除其他外,政府应提供所需的人力和物力资源,以保障安全和提高绩效。
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引用次数: 0
THE USE OF PHILOSOPHY IN ETHIOPIA: CULTIVATING IDENTITY FORMATION AND EMANCIPATORY IMPULSE 在埃塞俄比亚运用哲学:培养认同感和解放冲动
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2024.7(1).13
F. Merawi
Through a discussion of the historical trajectory within which modern philosophy in Ethiopia developed, the article situates the discussions of the spirit of cultural coexistence, the reflections on modernity, the process of state building, religion and modernity and the validity of indigenous traditions as the objects of analysis upon which social philosophizing in Ethiopia could take place within. Through such a discussion, it will be shown that the social function of philosophy in Ethiopia needs to be situated in the two-fold task of identity formation and the emergence of an emancipatory impulse. Concrete strategies for realizing such a function in terms of the development of curriculums, the cultivation of an interdisciplinary engagement between philosophy and other disciplines, community engagement, knowledge dissemination and the need to engage in an ethical and political reflection are identified.
通过讨论埃塞俄比亚现代哲学发展的历史轨迹,文章将文化共存精神、现代性反思、 国家建设进程、宗教与现代性以及本土传统的有效性作为埃塞俄比亚社会哲学的分析对象。通过这样的讨论,我们将看到,埃塞俄比亚哲学的社会功能需要置于身份形成和解放冲 动的双重任务之中。在课程设置、培养哲学与其他学科之间的跨学科参与、社区参与、知识传播以及进行伦理和政治反思的必要性等方面,确定了实现这种功能的具体战略。
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引用次数: 0
THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE FORMATION OF SOCIOCULTURAL VALUES 文化遗产对社会文化价值观形成的影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2024.7(1).09
Victoria Danila
The work presents an analysis of cultural concepts, heritage and values, their significance is also mentioned in the process of training young people in university institutions. The paper mentions the functions and aspects that emphasize the role of sociocultural values in the development of the personality of young people. Culture has a great influence on how we are aware of the community we are part of and the value system formed during development. Sociocultural values through cultural and social affiliation, reflect references such as the history and qualities of artistic heritage or association with remarkable personalities. Within the university education process, the emphasis is on contributing to their knowledge, protection and promotion. Therefore, the university education process has a considerable impact on the valorization of cultural heritage and the formation of sociocultural values of young people, which will serve as a means of adaptation and integration in the current period.
作品对文化概念、遗产和价值观进行了分析,还提到了它们在大学机构培养青年过程中的重要意义。论文提到了强调社会文化价值观在年轻人个性发展中的作用的功能和方面。文化对我们如何认识自己所处的社会以及在成长过程中形成的价值体系有很大的影响。社会文化价值观通过文化和社会从属关系,反映出诸如艺术遗产的历史和品质或与杰出人物的联系等参照物。在大学教育过程中,重点是促进对这些价值观的了解、保护和宣传。因此,大学教育过程对文化遗产的价值评估和青年社会文化价值观的形成具有重要影 响,这将成为当代青年适应和融入社会的一种手段。
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引用次数: 0
SOCIAL SUPPORT EXPERIENCES AMONG YEMENI REFUGEE WOMEN IN ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA: A DESCRIPTIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY 埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴也门难民妇女的社会支持经历:描述性现象学研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2024.7(1).11
Samuel Amare
Social support from informal support sources plays a pivotal role in smoothing the adaptation process of refugees in their host countries. This study's main objective was to examine the social support experiences of Yemeni refugee women in Addis Ababa. The study employed a qualitative, descriptive phenomenological design. Thirteen Yemeni refugee women were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Using purposive sampling, study participants were selected. The study's findings indicated that refugee women received various types of social support from family, friends, and independent sponsors, including instrumental support, emotional support, and informational support. For refugee women, strengthening their existing informal social networks is crucial since these networks provide them with informational, emotional, and instrumental support.
非正式支持来源提供的社会支持在难民顺利适应东道国生活的过程中发挥着举足轻重的作用。本研究的主要目的是考察亚的斯亚贝巴也门难民妇女的社会支持经历。研究采用了定性、描述性的现象学设计。使用半结构化访谈指南对 13 名也门难民妇女进行了访谈。通过有目的的抽样,选出了研究参与者。研究结果表明,难民妇女从家人、朋友和独立赞助人那里获得了各种类型的社会支持,包括工具支持、情感支持和信息支持。对难民妇女而言,加强现有的非正式社会网络至关重要,因为这些网络可为她们提供信息、情感和工具支持。
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引用次数: 0
Support for young entrepreneurs as a priority for economic development 支持青年企业家,将其作为经济发展的优先事项
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2024.7(1).04
Andrei Popa, Natalia Deliu
The development of entrepreneurial interest among young people represents an important alternative in terms of using the potential of young people. Youth unemployment represents a significant loss of human capital that could contribute to economic growth. The last challenges that young people faced (mass emigration abroad, general demographic decline, the COVID-19 pandemic), shows that it is absolutely necessary to support young people in starting their own businesses. Analysing the experience of the European Union in supporting young entrepreneurs, we found that the inclusion of young people in economic activity is characterized by certain specific difficulties. Based on the obtained results, we can conclude that most of the analysed countries aim to develop entrepreneurial skills among young people through various mentoring and coaching programs, the dissemination of good practices and the sharing of experience. For the Republic of Moldova, the experience of the analysed countries demonstrates that the main support for young people to be interested in entrepreneurship, as a way of self-employment, is the promotion of public policies that must clearly indicate the need to develop and promote entrepreneurial education and culture, including the development entrepreneurial skills and an entrepreneurial mindset at all levels of education.
培养青年的创业兴趣是发挥青年潜力的一个重要选择。青年失业是人力资本的重大损失,而人力资本可以促进经济增长。青年最后面临的挑战(大量移民国外、人口普遍下降、COVID-19 大流行病)表明,支持青年创业是绝对必要的。通过分析欧盟在支持青年企业家方面的经验,我们发现,让青年人参与经济活动存在着一些特殊的困难。根据所获得的结果,我们可以得出结论,大多数受分析国家的目标是通过各种指导和辅导计划、传播良好做法和分享经验来培养年轻人的创业技能。就摩尔多瓦共和国而言,所分析国家的经验表明,要使年轻人对创业这种自营职业的方式产生兴趣,主要的支持是促进公共政策,这些政策必须明确指出发展和促进创业教育与文化的必要性,包括在各级教育中培养创业技能和创业思维。
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引用次数: 0
A critical analysis of hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) use: scientific, legislative and socio-economic aspects 对大麻(Cannabis Sativa L.)使用的批判性分析:科学、立法和社会经济方面
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2024.7(1).02
C. Negoita
Cannabis sativa L. culture has encountered various legislative challenges throughout history, and these have varied according to the social, political and economic context of each period. Historical stigma and prohibitions brought restrictions on cannabis, and anti-drug and prohibition policies adopted in the 20th century led to the prohibition of the cultivation of Cannabis sativa L. Its incorrect association with drugs of abuse and its classification as a narcotic substance complicated the legislation. Problems in differentiating between recreational and medical use have created confusion in law. Global inconsistency in cannabis rules and regulations has created difficulties in international trade and research cooperation. The recent evolution of legislation, marked by ambiguities and inconsistencies regarding the medical, industrial, and food use of cannabis, has raised questions and challenges. Production and marketing issues, such as strict regulations and licensing hurdles affect the cannabis industry in the Republic of Moldova too. These challenges are constantly changing, reflecting the diversity of perspectives and societal developments.
大麻文化在历史上遇到过各种立法挑战,这些挑战因每个时期的社会、政治和经济背景而有所不同。历史上的污名和禁令带来了对大麻的限制,20 世纪采取的禁毒和禁药政策导致禁止种植大麻(Cannabis sativa L.)。在区分娱乐和医疗用途方面存在的问题造成了法律上的混乱。全球大麻法规的不一致给国际贸易和研究合作造成了困难。最近的立法演变在大麻的医疗、工业和食品用途方面存在模糊和不一致之处,这提出了问题和挑战。生产和营销问题,如严格的法规和许可证障碍,也影响着摩尔多瓦共和国的大麻产业。这些挑战不断变化,反映出观点和社会发展的多样性。
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引用次数: 0
E-commerce innovation in emerging fashion markets: a case study of Moldovan designers' digital expansion and role of support programs 新兴时尚市场的电子商务创新:摩尔多瓦设计师的数字化扩张和支持计划作用的案例研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2024.7(1).05
Doina Nistor
This paper explores the transformative role of e-commerce in the emerging Moldovan fashion market, focusing on the digital expansion of local designers. It examines the industry's shift from traditional manufacturing to innovative online sales channels, highlighting the challenges and opportunities this transition presents, including the need for new skills, legal framework adaptability, and investment. The study also discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which accelerated the adoption of e-commerce among Moldovan fashion firms. With the support of programs like the Fashion Omnichannel Mentorship Program, these firms are enhancing their digital presence and competitiveness. The paper emphasizes the importance of mentorship and tailored support in enabling Moldovan brands to thrive in the digital marketplace, contributing to their growth and success in the global fashion industry.
本文探讨了电子商务在摩尔多瓦新兴时尚市场中的变革作用,重点关注当地设计师的数字化扩张。它探讨了该行业从传统制造业向创新型在线销售渠道的转变,强调了这一转变所带来的挑战和机遇,包括对新技能、法律框架适应性和投资的需求。研究还讨论了 COVID-19 大流行的影响,它加速了摩尔多瓦时装公司对电子商务的采用。在 "时尚全渠道导师计划 "等项目的支持下,这些企业正在增强其数字影响力和竞争力。本文强调了导师制和量身定制的支持对摩尔多瓦品牌在数字市场中茁壮成长的重要性,有助于它们在全球时尚产业中的成长和成功。
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引用次数: 0
Jewelry design: a perspective on social and aesthetic changes in the USSR and Eastern Europe in the 20-21st century 珠宝设计:20-21 世纪苏联和东欧社会与美学变革的视角
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2024.7(1).06
Inga Mațcan-Lisenco
The study explores the significant impact of adornments in shaping clothing identity, highlighting contemporary jewelry as a distinct manifestation of individual taste in an ever-changing society. Analyzing social changes in the USSR, Ukraine, Bessarabia and Eastern Europe, as well as the disintegration of the USSR, the research reveals the interaction between communist aesthetics and traditionalism, generating innovations in jewelry design. Technological evolution has brought significant changes and the study emphasizes the importance of researching preferences and analyzing contemporary trends in understanding current design directions in jewelry today. The findings reveal that jewelry from the USSR and Europe in the 20th-21st century reflects temporal changes and cultural diversity, marking a continuing transformation and diversity in the artistic expression of contemporary jewelry.
该研究探讨了装饰品在塑造服装特征方面的重要影响,强调了当代珠宝在不断变化的社会中作为个人品味的独特体现。研究分析了苏联、乌克兰、比萨拉比亚和东欧的社会变迁以及苏联解体,揭示了共产主义美学与传统主义之间的互动,从而产生了珠宝设计的创新。技术的发展带来了重大变化,研究强调了研究偏好和分析当代趋势对于理解当今珠宝设计方向的重要性。研究结果表明,20-21 世纪苏联和欧洲的珠宝首饰反映了时代的变迁和文化的多样性,标志着当代珠宝首饰艺术表现形式的持续变革和多样性。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of interest rate structure and energy prices on manufacturing output in Nigeria 利率结构和能源价格对尼日利亚制造业产出的影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2024.7(1).03
R. Oyaromade, Abiodun Samuel Isayomi, Sulaiman Ibrahim-Ayede
Until recent years, the performance of the Nigeria’s manufacturing sector has been characterized by downward pressures. Given the present shocks in the global energy markets and upward review of borrowing costs by the Central Bank of Nigeria, the historical developments around the manufacturing output appear to be subject to renewal. Consequently, this study investigates the impact of interest rate structure and energy pricing on the Nigerian manufacturing output from 1980 to 2021. Secondary data obtained from World Development Indicators and the CBN’s Statistical Bulletins were anchored by an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and error correction modelling. The findings revealed that manufacturing output is inelastic in its response to changes in interest rate while it is elastic in its response to energy price. This is less puzzling as the Nigerian manufacturers seem to favour availability of credit facilities over low interest rates. Also, productive activities respond immediately to a given shock in the energy price, especially the price of diesel. On this basis, this paper concludes that energy pricing is a strong predictor of Nigeria’s manufacturing output. Consequently, policy makers should institute a preferential treatment on energy distribution towards the manufacturers. This would make production more attractive, thereby boosting their capacity utilization.
直到最近几年,尼日利亚制造业的表现一直以下行压力为特征。鉴于目前全球能源市场的震荡以及尼日利亚中央银行对借贷成本的上调,制造业产出的历史发展似乎有可能重现。因此,本研究调查了 1980 年至 2021 年期间利率结构和能源价格对尼日利亚制造业产出的影响。通过自回归分布滞后(ARDL)模型和误差修正模型,对从世界发展指标和尼日利亚中央银行统计公报中获得的二手数据进行了分析。研究结果表明,制造业产出对利率变化的反应缺乏弹性,而对能源价格的反应则富有弹性。这一点并不令人费解,因为尼日利亚的制造商似乎更青睐于信贷服务,而不是低利率。此外,生产活动会立即对能源价格,尤其是柴油价格的特定冲击做出反应。在此基础上,本文得出结论,能源价格是尼日利亚制造业产出的有力预测因素。因此,政策制定者应在能源分配方面向制造商提供优惠待遇。这将使生产更具吸引力,从而提高产能利用率。
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引用次数: 0
Peculiarities of the value of built heritage in Chisinau 基希讷乌建筑遗产价值的特殊性
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2024.7(1).01
Svetlana Albu, Ion Albu
Valuation of privately owned real estate included in the Register of State Protected Monuments is a serious challenge for practicing values in the Republic of Moldova. The present research highlights methodological and conceptual peculiarities concerning the value and valuation of functional buildings, which cannot be modernized in accordance with the requirements and preferences of modern society. The objectives of the research include: identification of structural changes in the value of built heritage over time; identification of problems and recommendations on how to value a specific category of real estate. The authors find a negative economic value of the analyzed category of real estate, but a positive real value (especially market value). The peculiarities of the value of the land and the value of the building recognized as a national monument are highlighted. The influence of the value of the land on the value of the real estate and the structure of the value of the monument of local importance are illustrated.
对列入《国家保护古迹登记册》的私有不动产进行估价是摩尔多瓦共和国实践价值 观的一项严峻挑战。本研究强调了与功能性建筑的价值和估价有关的方法和概念上的特殊性,因为功能性建 筑无法根据现代社会的要求和偏好进行现代化改造。研究目标包括:确定建筑遗产价值随时间推移发生的结构性变化;确定问题所在,并就如何评估特定类别的房地产提出建议。作者发现,所分析的房地产类别的经济价值为负值,但实际价值(尤其是市场价值)为正值。作者强调了土地价值和被认定为国家古迹的建筑物价值的特殊性。说明了土地价值对房地产价值的影响以及当地重要纪念物的价值结构。
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引用次数: 0
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