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2022 Russian-Ukrainian War and the Future of EU Energy and Transport Security: Analyzing the Implications of Diversifification the Transport and Energy Transit Routes – the Case of the Black Sea/Caspian Region 2022 俄乌战争与欧盟能源和运输安全的未来:分析运输和能源转运路线多样化的影响--以黑海/里海地区为例
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.31578/jss.v9i1.152
Nika Chitadze
Given recent events, such as the full invasion of Ukraine’s sovereign territories by the Russian armyin 2022, this article critically analyzes how the use of the Caucasus-Caspian region could serve Brusselsas an alternative means of diversifying energy sources to ensure its energy security. The study iscomprehensive and covers various forms of energy projects. Particular attention is paid to exploringthe various phases regarding Shah Deniz and potential expansion plans. In addition, it carefully examinesall other important factors associated with the production, transportation, and explorationof energy resources in the Caspian reserves.In addition, a key task is to classify and compare the EU’s geopolitical priorities before and after the2022 war, present an analysis of the complex paths of transformation of the EU’s energy supply,and clarify its new policies regarding the relations between the main regional players: the RussianFederation, the EU, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Georgia.It has been established that the Black Sea-Caspian steppe contains valuable energy reserves. Dueto the critical geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic importance of the region, the EU has aninterest in the region. The study provides a comparative overview of different aspects of EU energydiversification policies. It examines how these policies have influenced the approach of foreignstates to the Caucasus-Caspian region, taking into account recent events. Moreover, it considersnational goals and takes into account the important interests of leading powers.Keywords: energy security, diversification of fossil fuels, Caucasus-Caspian region, Black Sea-Caspian steppe, EU policy on energy diversification, energy projects.
鉴于最近发生的事件,如 2022 年俄罗斯军队全面入侵乌克兰主权领土,本文批判性地分析了如何利用高加索-里海地区为布鲁塞尔提供能源来源多样化的替代手段,以确保其能源安全。研究内容全面,涵盖各种形式的能源项目。其中特别注重探讨有关沙赫-德尼兹项目的各个阶段以及潜在的扩展计划。此外,本研究的一项重要任务是对 2022 年战争前后欧盟的地缘政治优先事项进行分类和比较,对欧盟能源供应转型的复杂路径进行分析,并阐明其有关主要地区参与者(俄罗斯联邦、欧盟、土耳其、阿塞拜疆和格鲁吉亚)之间关系的新政策。鉴于该地区在地缘政治、地缘战略和地缘经济方面的重要性,欧盟对该地区有着浓厚的兴趣。本研究对欧盟能源多样化政策的各个方面进行了比较概述。考虑到近期发生的事件,研究探讨了这些政策如何影响了外国对高加索-里海地区的态度。关键词:能源安全、化石燃料多样化、高加索-里海地区、黑海-里海草原、欧盟能源多样化政策、能源项目。
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引用次数: 0
Deception and euphemisms as a linguistic strategy in the context of (political) discourse 欺骗和委婉语作为(政治)话语背景下的一种语言策略
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.31578/jss.v9i1.151
Givi Amaglobeli
The paper discusses lying as an ordinal function of language in the context of political discourse.To begin with, the phenomenon of lying is regarded as an ordinary linguistic behaviour with a specificfunction for the speaking individual. Based on a variety of empirical data, the aforementionedfunction is thought to be a certain evolutionary strategy that provides concrete advantages (to individuals).
首先,"说谎 "现象被视为一种普通的语言行为,对说话的个体具有特定的功能。首先,说谎现象被认为是一种普通的语言行为,对说话个体具有特定的功能。根据各种经验数据,上述功能被认为是一种特定的进化策略,为(个体)提供了具体的优势。
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引用次数: 0
THE LINGUISTIC RECONSTRUCTION OF POST-COLONIAL SOUTH AFRICA AND LESOTHO: ENGLISH DOMINANCE DILEMMA 后殖民时期南非和莱索托的语言重建:英语主导地位的困境
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(4).08
S. Ngcobo, M. Makumane, Phumzile Masala
Language was one of the tools used by colonialists in destroying the heritage of African nations. Yet, there is limited research on how African nations have linguistically faired post their independence. The purpose of this paper is to assess the endeavors of two neighboring African governments, South Africa and Lesotho, in the post-colonial era to linguistically reconstruct their nations. Qualitative data were collected through a comparative analysis of these two countries’ constitutions, with a focus on language rights and language in education. The data analyses were conducted using the language planning theory to evaluate how available policies enhance the position of previously marginalized African languages. The results revealed that whilst South Africa has a linguistic diversity challenge and Lesotho a language homogeneity advantage, they both still retain a colonial language, English. The international status of English has resulted in it retaining its colonial dominance as a lingua franca, a language of economy, politics and education. There is still more work that needs to be done by African nations to redress the past oppressive policies that devalued their languages. Education should be given priority as a vehicle to revitalize and intellectualize African languages and liberating Africa from its dependency on colonial languages, whilst also promoting multilingualism.
语言是殖民主义者用来摧毁非洲国家遗产的工具之一。然而,关于非洲国家独立后在语言方面的表现的研究却十分有限。本文旨在评估南非和莱索托这两个相邻的非洲国家政府在后殖民时代为语言重建所做的努力。通过对这两个国家的宪法进行比较分析,收集了定性数据,重点是语言权利和教育中的语言。数据分析采用了语言规划理论,以评估现有政策如何提高以前被边缘化的非洲语言的地位。研究结果表明,虽然南非面临语言多样性的挑战,莱索托则具有语言单一性的优势,但这两个国家仍然保留着一种殖民语言--英语。英语的国际地位使其保留了殖民地时期作为通用语言、经济、政治和教育语言的主导地位。非洲国家还有更多的工作要做,以纠正过去贬低其语言的压迫政策。应优先考虑教育,将其作为振兴非洲语言并使其知识化的工具,将非洲从对殖民语言的依赖中解放出来,同时促进多语言使用。
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引用次数: 0
THE PROMOTION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY AND ROMANIAN TRADITIONAL AESTHETICS THROUGH THE USE OF CONTEMPORARY ADORNMENTS 通过使用现代装饰品宣传民族特性和罗马尼亚传统美学
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(4).04
Inga Maţcan-Lîsenco
This study accentuates the importance of the contemporary jewelry in the promotion of the national Bessarabanian identity. Romanian jewelry and adornments can include traditional elements, materials and techniques for the purpose of creating a unique masterpiece, which reflect Romanian culture. The ways through which contemporary jewerly can help promote Romanian national and traditional identity include inspiring traditional motifs, exploring cultural symbols, education and awareness, collaborating with local designers, and promoting sustainability. This study highlights the vital role of contemporary jewelry in preserving and transmitting Romanian Cultural Values in Bessarabia to future generations and in creating deep connections between artists, designers and the local community. It also highlights the importance of national identity in the development of contemporary jewelry, which can contribute to the promotion of Romanian traditions and crafts in the contemporary global context.
这项研究强调了当代珠宝在宣传贝萨拉巴尼亚民族特性方面的重要性。罗马尼亚珠宝和装饰品可以包含传统元素、材料和技术,以创造出反映罗马尼亚文化的独特杰作。当代珠宝有助于促进罗马尼亚民族和传统身份认同的方式包括激发传统图案、探索文化符号、教育和宣传、与当地设计师合作以及促进可持续发展。这项研究强调了当代珠宝在保护和向后代传承比萨拉比亚罗马尼亚文化价值观,以及在艺术家、设计师和当地社区之间建立深厚联系方面的重要作用。它还强调了民族特性在当代珠宝发展中的重要性,这有助于在当代全球背景下弘扬罗马尼亚的传统和手工艺。
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引用次数: 0
CAUSES OF THE SPREAD OF PRIVATE TUTORING PHENOMENON A FIELD STUDY AT A CENTER IN ALGERIA 对阿尔及利亚一家家教中心的实地调查:家教现象蔓延的原因
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(4).09
Kamal Aouissi
This research discusses the phenomenon of private tutoring, which has become a significant threat to the education system by creating academic inequalities and hindering students' equal opportunities for university enrollment. The study explores the prevalence of private tutoring at the secondary level in Ghardaia and investigates the reasons behind its widespread adoption. It also examines whether educational elements, such as teachers and the curriculum, influence the prevalence of private tutoring. Additionally, the research explores the role of families in encouraging their children to adopt this educational pattern. The descriptive-analytical methodology was employed, utilizing a questionnaire with 23 items distributed across three axes: reasons related to the student, reasons related to the teacher and curriculum, and reasons related to the family. The questionnaire was administered to a sample of individuals in Ghardaia. After analyzing the responses, the study found that the majority of the sample attributes the spread of private tutoring largely to reasons associated with the family, significant encouragement from families for their children to join private tutoring, and perceived teacher inadequacy in academic achievement. The dense curriculum was also identified as a crucial factor leading students to opt for private tutoring.
本研究讨论了家教现象,家教已成为教育系统的一个重大威胁,它造成了学业上的不平等,阻碍了学生进入大学的平等机会。本研究探讨了家教在加尔达亚中学的普遍程度,并调查了家教被广泛采用背后的原因。研究还探讨了教师和课程等教育因素是否会影响家教的普及。此外,研究还探讨了家庭在鼓励子女采用这种教育模式方面所起的作用。研究采用了描述-分析方法,使用了一份包含 23 个项目的调查问卷,这些项目分布在三个轴心:与学生有关的原因、与教师和课程有关的原因以及与家庭有关的原因。问卷调查的对象是 Ghardaia 的抽样个人。在对回答进行分析后,研究发现大多数样本将家教的普及主要归因于与家庭相关的原因、家庭对子女参加家教的大力鼓励以及认为教师在学业成绩方面的不足。密集的课程也被认为是导致学生选择家教的一个重要因素。
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引用次数: 0
INSURANCE DEVELOPMENTS IN THE LIGHT OF DATA USE 从数据使用的角度看保险业的发展
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(4).03
N. Madaoui
Insurance companies are increasingly utilizing large sets of data and artificial intelligence for the purpose of evaluating risks and tailoring insurance products within the framework of insurance contracts. This research seeks to examine the effects of employing extensive data in insurance contracts, particularly concerning privacy and risk. It aims to assess the extent to which existing legal regulations can safeguard policyholders from potential mistreatment resulting from the use of such methodologies. The study concludes that despite the safeguards offered by data and consumer protection laws, the unregulated and unconstrained application of data analytics and algorithms in risk evaluation could potentially harm policyholders by infringing on their privacy and leading to discrimination, thereby impinging on their rights.
保险公司越来越多地利用大型数据集和人工智能来评估风险,并在保险合同框架内定制保险产品。本研究旨在探讨在保险合同中使用大量数据的影响,特别是在隐私和风险方面。研究旨在评估现有法律法规在多大程度上可以保护投保人免受因使用此类方法而可能造成的虐待。研究得出的结论是,尽管数据和消费者保护法提供了保障,但在风险评估中不受监管和限制地应用数据分析和算法可能会侵犯投保人的隐私并导致歧视,从而损害他们的权利。
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引用次数: 0
TRANSLATION AS A PEDAGOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLISH SECOND LANGUAGE IN A RURAL UNIVERSITY 翻译作为农村大学英语第二语言发展的一种教学法
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(4).06
Phumzile Masala
English proficiency among black South African learners and students has been found to be generally difficult to attain despite English being used as the sole medium of instruction in schools and at universities. To mitigate the issue, this paper explores the use of translation pedagogy as an approach in enabling bilingual students to utilise their linguistic repertoire as a tool not only to enhance their English Second Language development but to also give recognition to their first language. The contribution of the study is made significant by the fact that available related research has largely been conducted at kindergarten and school level leaving a gap in the higher education environment. An observational qualitative data collection methodology was conducted in which a university lecturer presented a lesson prepared by the researcher. The participants were bilingual in a predominantly African language speaking university community in a rural area of South Africa. The use of students’ African language (IsiZulu) was observed to enhance their English vocabulary which in the process saw them participating freely in both languages throughout the lesson. The main finding of the study is that English competency can be enhanced with the learners’ home language in a carefully prepared lesson that draws from translation pedagogy.
尽管英语在学校和大学中被用作唯一的教学语言,但南非黑人学习者和学生的英语水平普遍难以达到。为了缓解这一问题,本文探讨了如何利用翻译教学法,使双语学生能够利用他们的语言库作为工具,不仅促进其英语第二语言的发展,而且使他们的第一语言得到认可。现有的相关研究大多是在幼儿园和学校层面进行的,在高等教育环境中存在空白,因此本研究的贡献非常重要。本研究采用观察定性数据收集方法,由一名大学讲师讲授研究人员准备的一堂课。参与者是南非农村地区一个主要讲非洲语言的大学社区的双语学生。通过观察发现,使用学生的非洲语言(伊西祖鲁语)增加了他们的英语词汇量,在这一过程中,他们在整节课上都能自由地使用两种语言。研究的主要发现是,在精心准备的课程中,利用翻译教学法,可以用学习者的母语提高英语能力。
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引用次数: 0
ARTISTIC ASPECTS OF TRADITIONAL BESSARABIAN FURNITURE (LATE 19TH CENTURY - MID-20TH CENTURY) 贝萨拉比传统家具的艺术方面(19 世纪晚期 - 20 世纪中期)
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(4).05
Elena Madan
The study focuses on the artistic aspects of traditional furniture from Bessarabia, dating from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century. We emphasize the importance of materials, decorative techniques, artistic means, and decorative structure in the crafting and decorating of traditional furniture. The motivation for this research lies in analyzing how the culture and folk art of Moldova are reflected in the characteristics of traditional furniture. The specific hypothesis of this study posits that Moldovan traditional furniture represents an expression of the talent and artistic sense of the craftsmen and householders from Moldova. The research aims to conduct a detailed analysis of the materials used, including wood and others, as well as decorative techniques such as carving, sculpture, and painting. The objectives include a comprehensive description of the mentioned materials and techniques. The research methods included documentary analysis, relevant illustrations, and extensive field research in all regions of the Republic of Moldova, spanning the years 2007-2023, contributing to the scientific and applied foundation of the research. The main results consist of highlighting the role of traditional furniture in reflecting Moldovan culture and folk art, providing data and illustrative images to support these aspects.
研究重点是 19 世纪晚期至 20 世纪中期的比萨拉比亚传统家具的艺术方面。我们强调材料、装饰技术、艺术手段和装饰结构在传统家具的工艺和装饰中的重要性。本研究的动机在于分析摩尔多瓦的文化和民间艺术如何在传统家具的特征中得到体现。本研究的具体假设是,摩尔多瓦传统家具代表了摩尔多瓦工匠和家庭主妇的才能和艺术感。本研究旨在对所使用的材料(包括木材和其他材料)以及雕刻、雕塑和绘画等装饰技术进行详细分析。研究目标包括对上述材料和技术进行全面描述。研究方法包括文献分析、相关插图以及 2007-2023 年期间在摩尔多瓦共和国所有地区开展的广泛实地研究,这为研究奠定了科学和应用基础。主要成果包括强调传统家具在反映摩尔多瓦文化和民间艺术方面的作用,并提供数据和图片说明以支持这些方面。
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引用次数: 0
PRIMARY ASSESSMENT OF CYBERBULLYING IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA 摩尔多瓦共和国对网络欺凌的初步评估
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(4).11
A. Alexei
Cyberbullying, along with other risks associated with the use of social networks, is an emerging problem of the 21st century. The purpose of the research was the primary evaluation of the cyberbullying phenomenon and the determination of its specificity in the context of the Republic of Moldova. To achieve the purpose of the research and confirm or reject the research hypotheses, a cross-sectional study was carried out in 4 high schools in the country. The 489 students (56.2% girls and 43.8% boys), aged between 10-17 years, were recruited from these locations. The results of the study reflected a high rate of victimization among children of 53.4%, significant differences according to the gender of the victim were not identified, there was little variation between the victimization of boys (54.7%) and girls (52.4%). Social networks are the environments where students were most often victims of the phenomenon, receiving annoying or offensive messages, in 67.3% of cases from people they know, including: friends, colleagues or friends of their friends. The primary assessment of the phenomenon will allow the present study to be used as a reference for future research.
网络欺凌以及与使用社交网络相关的其他风险是 21 世纪新出现的问题。研究的目的是对网络欺凌现象进行初步评估,并确定其在摩尔多瓦共和国的特殊性。为实现研究目的并确认或否定研究假设,在该国 4 所高中开展了横向研究。这些学校共招收了 489 名 10-17 岁的学生(女生占 56.2%,男生占 43.8%)。研究结果表明,儿童受害率高达 53.4%,没有发现受害者性别的显著差异,男孩(54.7%)和女孩(52.4%)的受害率差异不大。社交网络是学生最常成为这种现象受害者的环境,在 67.3%的情况下,他们会收到恼人或攻击性的信息,这些信息来自他们认识的人,包括:朋友、同事或朋友的朋友。通过对这一现象的初步评估,本研究可为今后的研究提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
REFLECTIONS CONCERNING INTERNSHIPS FOR THE CAR ELECTRICIAN-ELECTRONICS QUALIFICATION 关于汽车电工电子资格实习的思考
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.52326/jss.utm.2023.6(4).07
Silviu Gincu, Elena Movileanu
Work-based learning is an essential area for both the private and public sectors, contributing to the development of the economic and social sector. In this regard, various studies and analyses are conducted to highlight the best workplace training practices. In this article, the authors aim to present the results obtained through a survey of students during their internship for the auto electrician-electronics trade. The research methods used were quantitative (242 respondents) and qualitative (43 questions) and aimed at the way of carrying out the internships for the car electrician-electronics qualification, the results obtained during the research being highlighted. The authors believe that the results presented in this article are relevant not only to the secondary technical vocational training field but also beyond.
基于工作的学习是私营和公共部门的一个重要领域,有助于经济和社会部门的发展。为此,开展了各种研究和分析,以突出最佳工作场所培训做法。在本文中,作者旨在介绍通过对汽车电工-电子技术行业实习学生的调查所获得的结果。所采用的研究方法是定量(242 名受访者)和定性(43 个问题),目的是了解汽车电工-电子技师资格实习的开展方式,并重点介绍研究期间所取得的成果。作者认为,本文介绍的结果不仅与中等职业技术培训领域相关,而且与其他领域相关。
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引用次数: 0
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