Pub Date : 2019-04-25DOI: 10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.3
T. Plachkova
State administration in the field of ensuring the safety of navigation is an essential direction of the state’s activity, the legal basis of which are the norms of international agreements. The leading role of the state and its bodies in the organizationally-legal provision of maritime safety in seaports is a recognized standard of world navigation. At all times, the port’ states were responsible for the safety and security of ships in its own ports, including regulation and reliable and effective maintenance of navigation safety in them. Harbor Masters – as the main, appointed by a state, officials in seaports – are guarantors of the safety requirements of navigation on them. The administrative and legal component of the safety of navigation is the direct involvement of the state (its bodies and officials) in the organization and the legal regulation of this sphere. The bases of such state administration are stipulated in the norms of the international agreements, which became part of the national legislation of Ukraine, and are, in essence, the standards of such provision. At the same time, not always applicable mechanisms of public (state) administration are adequate to the developed situation and correspond to the world practice of navigation, may cause misunderstandings and need to be solved at the present time.
{"title":"Providing navigation safety at seaports of Ukraine: some aspects of state administration","authors":"T. Plachkova","doi":"10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.3","url":null,"abstract":"State administration in the field of ensuring the safety of navigation is an essential direction of the state’s activity, the legal basis of which are the norms of international agreements. The leading role of the state and its bodies in the organizationally-legal provision of maritime safety in seaports is a recognized standard of world navigation. At all times, the port’ states were responsible for the safety and security of ships in its own ports, including regulation and reliable and effective maintenance of navigation safety in them. Harbor Masters – as the main, appointed by a state, officials in seaports – are guarantors of the safety requirements of navigation on them. The administrative and legal component of the safety of navigation is the direct involvement of the state (its bodies and officials) in the organization and the legal regulation of this sphere. The bases of such state administration are stipulated in the norms of the international agreements, which became part of the national legislation of Ukraine, and are, in essence, the standards of such provision. At the same time, not always applicable mechanisms of public (state) administration are adequate to the developed situation and correspond to the world practice of navigation, may cause misunderstandings and need to be solved at the present time.","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44715351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-25DOI: 10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.7
O. Boboshko, K. Nesterenko
At present in Ukraine the credit and financial system is one of the main links in the sphere of finance, serving as the most determinant segment of the market economy and affects all the processes taking place in the society and the state. A special feature of the economic situation in Ukraine is that a significant part of the financial and legal institutions is practically can’t fully function without the proper, legal, in particular criminal legal support and protection. In this case, it’s not just about protecting budgetary interests of society, but also about the interests of individual depositors and shareholders, the protection of the interests of financial institutions from dubious managers and founders, from unlawful interference in their activity of law enforcement bodies, from persons who receive large credits by fraudulent or other illegal actions, not wanting their refund (including the price of its own bankruptcy), from organized crime groups, etc. A comprehensive description of financial relations as an object of an offense in the credit and financial system is provided in the paper. Not only the phenomenon under study, but also the state and trends of crime in the credit and financial sphere are analyzed. The reasons and conditions that give rise to credit and financial crime are investigated. Particular attention is paid to the study of financial relations as an object of encroachment in crimes against the credit and financial system. On the basis of the analysis of national and international legislation, the issues were outlined, but also proposals were made to improve the current legislation of Ukraine.
{"title":"Financial relations as an object of encroachment in crimes of the credit and financial system","authors":"O. Boboshko, K. Nesterenko","doi":"10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.7","url":null,"abstract":"At present in Ukraine the credit and financial system is one of the main links in the sphere of finance, serving as the most determinant segment of the market economy and affects all the processes taking place in the society and the state. A special feature of the economic situation in Ukraine is that a significant part of the financial and legal institutions is practically can’t fully function without the proper, legal, in particular criminal legal support and protection. In this case, it’s not just about protecting budgetary interests of society, but also about the interests of individual depositors and shareholders, the protection of the interests of financial institutions from dubious managers and founders, from unlawful interference in their activity of law enforcement bodies, from persons who receive large credits by fraudulent or other illegal actions, not wanting their refund (including the price of its own bankruptcy), from organized crime groups, etc. A comprehensive description of financial relations as an object of an offense in the credit and financial system is provided in the paper. Not only the phenomenon under study, but also the state and trends of crime in the credit and financial sphere are analyzed. The reasons and conditions that give rise to credit and financial crime are investigated. Particular attention is paid to the study of financial relations as an object of encroachment in crimes against the credit and financial system. On the basis of the analysis of national and international legislation, the issues were outlined, but also proposals were made to improve the current legislation of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46112725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-25DOI: 10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.2
I. Boyko
{"title":"Case law of the International tribunal for the law of the sea","authors":"I. Boyko","doi":"10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44378327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-25DOI: 10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.5
Mary Furman
The article is about regulatory issues of and legal regulation of the shipowner’s liability for the pollution of the marine environment with oil products. The analysis of international standards that regulate the question of responsibility for pollution. With the growth of urbanization and industrialization, the marine environment is increasingly exposed to a negative human impact, which is causes so-called degradation of the marine environment. It means that the sea spaces lose their initial condition, polluted with different wastes, become a landfill for tons of industrial waste, toxic substances, it also refers to the inappropriate use of the “wealth” of the World Ocean. Many of the “active users” of the sea spaces of our planet simply underestimate the significance of the above in the life of all mankind. Perhaps this is why the attitude to the seas and oceans is so disreputable. The degradation of the marine environment may be associated with a number of sources, including shipping and maritime activity. Every year in consequence of accidents and illegal discharges about 600,000 tons of oil come into the oceans. Despite numerous measures to improve the safety of the use of the marine environment, the rules are violated, vessels that are not suitable for operation, and, moreover, they transport very harmful goods to the environment. The negligence in such sphere leads to the widescale damage of the environment that can not always be eliminated entirely and it is horrible whilethat those who responsible for causing damage often avoid responsibility. The purpose of the article is to consider the question of liability and problem of reimbursement of damages to the environment caused by pollution with petroleum products on the basis of international norms governing this area of relations. Legal liability is just one of the many legal instruments used to prevent degradation of the oceans, but it is urgently needed to increase its efficiency, becaus the welfare of all living is at stake. Since being so vast and significant, the marine environment is under threat and definitely requires careful attitude and protection.
{"title":"Responsibility of the shipowner for the pollution of the marine environment by oil products due to intentional drain","authors":"Mary Furman","doi":"10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101X.2.2019.5","url":null,"abstract":"The article is about regulatory issues of and legal regulation of the shipowner’s liability for the pollution of the marine environment with oil products. The analysis of international standards that regulate the question of responsibility for pollution. With the growth of urbanization and industrialization, the marine environment is increasingly exposed to a negative human impact, which is causes so-called degradation of the marine environment. It means that the sea spaces lose their initial condition, polluted with different wastes, become a landfill for tons of industrial waste, toxic substances, it also refers to the inappropriate use of the “wealth” of the World Ocean. Many of the “active users” of the sea spaces of our planet simply underestimate the significance of the above in the life of all mankind. Perhaps this is why the attitude to the seas and oceans is so disreputable. The degradation of the marine environment may be associated with a number of sources, including shipping and maritime activity. Every year in consequence of accidents and illegal discharges about 600,000 tons of oil come into the oceans. Despite numerous measures to improve the safety of the use of the marine environment, the rules are violated, vessels that are not suitable for operation, and, moreover, they transport very harmful goods to the environment. The negligence in such sphere leads to the widescale damage of the environment that can not always be eliminated entirely and it is horrible whilethat those who responsible for causing damage often avoid responsibility. The purpose of the article is to consider the question of liability and problem of reimbursement of damages to the environment caused by pollution with petroleum products on the basis of international norms governing this area of relations. Legal liability is just one of the many legal instruments used to prevent degradation of the oceans, but it is urgently needed to increase its efficiency, becaus the welfare of all living is at stake. Since being so vast and significant, the marine environment is under threat and definitely requires careful attitude and protection.","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46291747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-28DOI: 10.26886/2524-101X.1.2019.1
Zvenyslava Opeida
Opeida Z. U.S. countervailing duty law and the WTO rules for subsidies: the issue of consistency / Z. Opeida // Lex Portus : юрид. наук. журн. / редкол. : С. В. Ківалов (голов. ред. ради), Б. А. Кормич (голов. ред.), І. В. Сафін (заст. голов. ред.), Т. В. Аверочкіна (наук. ред., відп. секр.) [та ін.] ; НУ "ОЮА", ГО "МА Святий Миколай". - Одеса : Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2019. - № 1. – C. 8 - 23
{"title":"U.S. countervailing duty law and the WTO rules for subsidies: the issue of consistency","authors":"Zvenyslava Opeida","doi":"10.26886/2524-101X.1.2019.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101X.1.2019.1","url":null,"abstract":"Opeida Z. U.S. countervailing duty law and the WTO rules for subsidies: the issue of consistency / Z. Opeida // Lex Portus : юрид. наук. журн. / редкол. : С. В. Ківалов (голов. ред. ради), Б. А. Кормич (голов. ред.), І. В. Сафін (заст. голов. ред.), Т. В. Аверочкіна (наук. ред., відп. секр.) [та ін.] ; НУ \"ОЮА\", ГО \"МА Святий Миколай\". - Одеса : Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2019. - № 1. – C. 8 - 23","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48028787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-28DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.1.2019.2
N. Koval
The rules have been analyzed for determining the non-preferential origin of goods in accordance with the Customs Code of the European Union in the article. This code discloses the purpose of their separation and application, and worked out in detail and differentiated rules that should apply in one or another circumstance. The need for such a distinction is due to difficulties in determining the country of origin of goods, especially if the production process took place in more than one of them. Summing up, the author observes that there are two basic concepts that determine the origin of goods, namely: “fully manufactured” goods and goods that have undergone the “last significant transformation”. If only one country is involved in production, the concept of “fully manufactured goods” will be applied. In practice, this is limited mainly to 25 LEX PORTUS No 1 (15)’2019 goods received in their natural state, and goods made and received entirely in one country. If two or more countries are involved in the production of goods, then the term “last, substantial transformation” that defines the country of origin of the goods is used. For customs clearance of goods it is necessary to define the “nationality” of the goods, that is, to find out the country of origin of the imported products. After classifying a product in the Harmonized System and finding out its value, determining the country of origin is the third key element of the customs clearance procedure. The laws, the regulations and the administrative rules used by governments to determine the country of origin are called “Rules of Origin”. In particular, such non-preferential rules of origin are used to apply the anti-dumping and compensating duties, the administrative tariff quotas, the marking requirements, the trade embargoes or quantitative restrictions. The key words: customs clearance, Customs Code of the European Union, rules of non-preferential origin, nationality of goods, country of origin of goods. Розвиток світового виробництва і торгівлі спонукав до розробки чітких правил визначення походження товарів, тобто з’ясування країни або регіонального інтеграційного угруповання, в яких ці товари були вироблені. Інтенсифікація використання ресурсів світового ринку для національного виробництва, а також інтернаціоналізація логістичних схем призводять до можливості обходження тарифних та інших бар’єрів у торгівлі, що застосовуються урядами до товарів, які імпортуються до країни. Таким чином, лібералізація обміну продукцією, сировиною та комплектуючими між країнами ускладнює процедури визначення країни походження товарів, а також застосування широкого кола інструментів торговельної політики щодо інших країн. Саме ці чинники обумовили необхідність розробки міжнародних правил визначення країни походження товару. Наукові розвідки, що стосувалися різноманітних аспектів визначення країни походження товарів, здійснювалися представниками правничої (Є. В. Додін, А. М. Козирін, В. В. Поєдинок, Д. В. При
文章分析了根据《欧洲联盟海关法典》确定货物非优惠原产地的规则。本准则公开了其分离和适用的目的，并详细制定了适用于各种情况的区别规则。之所以需要进行这种区分，是因为很难确定货物的原产国，特别是如果生产过程发生在一个以上的国家。总之，作者观察到，有两个基本概念决定了商品的原产地，即：“完全制造”的商品和经过“最后一次重大转变”的商品。如果只有一个国家参与生产，则将适用“完全制成品”的概念。在实践中，这主要限于在自然状态下收到的25件LEX PORTUS 1（15）'2019货物，以及完全在一个国家制造和接收的货物。如果有两个或两个以上国家参与商品生产，则使用定义商品原产国的术语“最后的实质性转变”。对于货物的清关，有必要确定货物的“国籍”，即查明进口产品的原产国。在协调制度中对产品进行分类并查明其价值后，确定原产国是清关程序的第三个关键要素。政府用来确定原产国的法律、法规和行政规则被称为“原产国规则”。特别是，这种非优惠原产地规则用于适用反倾销和补偿税、行政关税配额、标记要求、贸易禁运或数量限制。关键词：清关、欧盟海关法、非优惠原产地规则、货物国籍、货物原产国。世界生产和贸易的发展导致制定了确定货物原产地的明确规则，即发现生产货物的国家或区域一体化集团。加强利用世界市场资源进行国家生产，以及物流计划国际化，导致规避关税和其他贸易壁垒，-政府对进口到该国的商品适用。这样，国与国之间生产、原材料和复杂商品贸易的自由化使定义原产国变得更加困难，它还将一系列广泛的贸易政策文书适用于其他国家。正是这些因素使得有必要制定确定货物原产国的国际规则。关于确定货物原产国各个方面的科学研究法律代表（E.W.Dodin、A.M.Kozirin、V.V.Units、D.W.При。但在他们的方向上，他们实际上忽视了《欧盟艺术法》规定的商品非参考来源的规则，如今，随着葡萄园和欧洲立法的不断协调，它正在进行实质性的更新，并具有充分的研究兴趣。本研究的目的是选择对申请的法律确定性、申请的目的和特殊性进行分析。
{"title":"The rules for determining the non-preferential origin of goods in accordance with the Customs Code of the European Union","authors":"N. Koval","doi":"10.26886/2524-101x.1.2019.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.1.2019.2","url":null,"abstract":"The rules have been analyzed for determining the non-preferential origin of goods in accordance with the Customs Code of the European Union in the article. This code discloses the purpose of their separation and application, and worked out in detail and differentiated rules that should apply in one or another circumstance. The need for such a distinction is due to difficulties in determining the country of origin of goods, especially if the production process took place in more than one of them. Summing up, the author observes that there are two basic concepts that determine the origin of goods, namely: “fully manufactured” goods and goods that have undergone the “last significant transformation”. If only one country is involved in production, the concept of “fully manufactured goods” will be applied. In practice, this is limited mainly to 25 LEX PORTUS No 1 (15)’2019 goods received in their natural state, and goods made and received entirely in one country. If two or more countries are involved in the production of goods, then the term “last, substantial transformation” that defines the country of origin of the goods is used. For customs clearance of goods it is necessary to define the “nationality” of the goods, that is, to find out the country of origin of the imported products. After classifying a product in the Harmonized System and finding out its value, determining the country of origin is the third key element of the customs clearance procedure. The laws, the regulations and the administrative rules used by governments to determine the country of origin are called “Rules of Origin”. In particular, such non-preferential rules of origin are used to apply the anti-dumping and compensating duties, the administrative tariff quotas, the marking requirements, the trade embargoes or quantitative restrictions. The key words: customs clearance, Customs Code of the European Union, rules of non-preferential origin, nationality of goods, country of origin of goods. Розвиток світового виробництва і торгівлі спонукав до розробки чітких правил визначення походження товарів, тобто з’ясування країни або регіонального інтеграційного угруповання, в яких ці товари були вироблені. Інтенсифікація використання ресурсів світового ринку для національного виробництва, а також інтернаціоналізація логістичних схем призводять до можливості обходження тарифних та інших бар’єрів у торгівлі, що застосовуються урядами до товарів, які імпортуються до країни. Таким чином, лібералізація обміну продукцією, сировиною та комплектуючими між країнами ускладнює процедури визначення країни походження товарів, а також застосування широкого кола інструментів торговельної політики щодо інших країн. Саме ці чинники обумовили необхідність розробки міжнародних правил визначення країни походження товару. Наукові розвідки, що стосувалися різноманітних аспектів визначення країни походження товарів, здійснювалися представниками правничої (Є. В. Додін, А. М. Козирін, В. В. Поєдинок, Д. В. При","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41995834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-28DOI: 10.26886/2524-101X.1.2019.8
Serhii Sierov
{"title":"Supervision and control in the sphere of economic activity as a means of implementing public interests","authors":"Serhii Sierov","doi":"10.26886/2524-101X.1.2019.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101X.1.2019.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42103278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-28DOI: 10.26886/2524-101X.1.2019.9
Tetyana Averochkina
Averochkina T. Joint efforts for mobility in Danube region / T. Averochkina // Lex Portus : юрид. наук. журн. / редкол. : С. В. Ківалов (голов. ред. ради), Б. А. Кормич (голов. ред.), І. В. Сафін (заст. голов. ред.), Т. В. Аверочкіна (наук. ред., відп. секр.) [та ін.] ; НУ "ОЮА", ГО "МА Святий Миколай". - Одеса : Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2019. - № 1. – C. 131 - 134.
{"title":"Joint efforts for mobility in Danube region","authors":"Tetyana Averochkina","doi":"10.26886/2524-101X.1.2019.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101X.1.2019.9","url":null,"abstract":"Averochkina T. Joint efforts for mobility in Danube region / T. Averochkina // Lex Portus : юрид. наук. журн. / редкол. : С. В. Ківалов (голов. ред. ради), Б. А. Кормич (голов. ред.), І. В. Сафін (заст. голов. ред.), Т. В. Аверочкіна (наук. ред., відп. секр.) [та ін.] ; НУ \"ОЮА\", ГО \"МА Святий Миколай\". - Одеса : Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2019. - № 1. – C. 131 - 134.","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43138682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：