Pub Date : 2007-05-25DOI: 10.1109/CTS.2007.4621761
Gregory L. Roth
Engineering design is inherently a social activity as are all applied disciplines. Humans are typically the recipients of applied sciences, and as such the sociology of science and of knowledge is important. The following strives to illuminate the human biases present in modeling reality, the types of decision making often employed, the need for a holistic systems of systems approach, the need to consider the human side of engineering, the complexities involved, and the need for collaboration to solve todaypsilas toughest problems. Finally, hints for future engineering problem solving methodologies involving human tendencies is introduced.
{"title":"Decision making in systems engineering: The foundation","authors":"Gregory L. Roth","doi":"10.1109/CTS.2007.4621761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2007.4621761","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering design is inherently a social activity as are all applied disciplines. Humans are typically the recipients of applied sciences, and as such the sociology of science and of knowledge is important. The following strives to illuminate the human biases present in modeling reality, the types of decision making often employed, the need for a holistic systems of systems approach, the need to consider the human side of engineering, the complexities involved, and the need for collaboration to solve todaypsilas toughest problems. Finally, hints for future engineering problem solving methodologies involving human tendencies is introduced.","PeriodicalId":363805,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129367876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-25DOI: 10.1109/CTS.2007.4621742
D. Barber, Larry D. Davis, Don Kemper, P. Smith, D. Nicholson
Our militarypsilas current and future forces are operating in a highly distributed, network centric environment which relies heavily on multidisciplinary, mixed-initiative, distributed heterogeneous teams to accomplish missions. This capability requires a high degree of situational awareness and coordination between team members. For combined arms operations, these teams include dismounted and vehicle based soldiers whose platforms can be manned or unmanned (robotic). The robotic entities range from remotely operated to fully autonomous agents. Although there has been much research on human team performance, there still remain many questions for optimizing operational systems with performance support for these ldquomixed-initiativerdquo teams. For instance, the design of todaypsilas human-robot team interfaces focuses on the skills required to operate an unmanned system. However, such designs do not address methods for operating within a distributed, mixed-initiative team. There are critical gaps in understanding the technology and methodologies needed to support the human-robot team as part of a larger, heterogeneous team. This paper will discuss research targeted at these gaps. We present the design of a distributed simulation, a virtual environment, and a human-robot interaction (HRI) team test bed. The HRI test bed includes reconfigurable multimodal interfaces to explore collaborative HRI challenges within combined arms missions. Exemplar scenarios and experimental designs for future planned studies will also be presented.
{"title":"Collaborative human robot interactions in combined arms operations","authors":"D. Barber, Larry D. Davis, Don Kemper, P. Smith, D. Nicholson","doi":"10.1109/CTS.2007.4621742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2007.4621742","url":null,"abstract":"Our militarypsilas current and future forces are operating in a highly distributed, network centric environment which relies heavily on multidisciplinary, mixed-initiative, distributed heterogeneous teams to accomplish missions. This capability requires a high degree of situational awareness and coordination between team members. For combined arms operations, these teams include dismounted and vehicle based soldiers whose platforms can be manned or unmanned (robotic). The robotic entities range from remotely operated to fully autonomous agents. Although there has been much research on human team performance, there still remain many questions for optimizing operational systems with performance support for these ldquomixed-initiativerdquo teams. For instance, the design of todaypsilas human-robot team interfaces focuses on the skills required to operate an unmanned system. However, such designs do not address methods for operating within a distributed, mixed-initiative team. There are critical gaps in understanding the technology and methodologies needed to support the human-robot team as part of a larger, heterogeneous team. This paper will discuss research targeted at these gaps. We present the design of a distributed simulation, a virtual environment, and a human-robot interaction (HRI) team test bed. The HRI test bed includes reconfigurable multimodal interfaces to explore collaborative HRI challenges within combined arms missions. Exemplar scenarios and experimental designs for future planned studies will also be presented.","PeriodicalId":363805,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124512350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-25DOI: 10.1109/CTS.2007.4621774
H. Le, M. Nygård
This paper presents a mobile transaction model for supporting mobile collaborative works. The mobile transaction processing system supports data sharing among mobile hosts via the concept of mobile affiliation workgroups. Data sharing among mobile transactions in a mobile affiliation workgroup is supported by export and import transactions in an export-import repository, which is a mobile sharing workspace. This means that the data sharing process is divided into smaller transaction processes and separated from the main transactions. The mobile transaction system also distinguishes two different mechanisms for supporting data sharing in mobile environments, which are sharing data states and sharing data status.
{"title":"A transaction model for supporting mobile collaborative works","authors":"H. Le, M. Nygård","doi":"10.1109/CTS.2007.4621774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2007.4621774","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a mobile transaction model for supporting mobile collaborative works. The mobile transaction processing system supports data sharing among mobile hosts via the concept of mobile affiliation workgroups. Data sharing among mobile transactions in a mobile affiliation workgroup is supported by export and import transactions in an export-import repository, which is a mobile sharing workspace. This means that the data sharing process is divided into smaller transaction processes and separated from the main transactions. The mobile transaction system also distinguishes two different mechanisms for supporting data sharing in mobile environments, which are sharing data states and sharing data status.","PeriodicalId":363805,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126368785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-25DOI: 10.1109/CTS.2007.4621744
Cindy L. Bethel, J. Burke, R. Murphy, K. Salomon
This paper outlines key experimental design issues associated with the use of psychophysiological measures in human-robot interaction (HRI) studies and summarizes related studies. Psychophysiological measurements are one tool for evaluating participantspsila reactions to a robot with which they are interacting. A brief review of psychophysiology is provided which includes: physiological activities and response tendencies; common psychophysiological measures; and advantages/issues related to psychophysiological measures. Psychophysiological experimental design recommendations are given for information required from participants before the psychophysiological measures are performed; a method to reduce habituation; post-testing assessment process; determining adequate sample sizes; and testing methods commonly used in HRI studies with recommended electrode placements. Psychophysiological measures should be utilized as part of a multi-faceted approach to experimental design including self-assessments, participant interviews, and/or video-recorded data collection methods over the course of an experimental study. Two or more methods of measurement should be utilized for convergent validity. Although psychophysiological measures may not be appropriate for all HRI studies, they can provide a valuable evaluation tool of participantspsila responses when properly incorporated into a multi-faceted experimental design.
{"title":"Psychophysiological experimental design for use in human-robot interaction studies","authors":"Cindy L. Bethel, J. Burke, R. Murphy, K. Salomon","doi":"10.1109/CTS.2007.4621744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2007.4621744","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines key experimental design issues associated with the use of psychophysiological measures in human-robot interaction (HRI) studies and summarizes related studies. Psychophysiological measurements are one tool for evaluating participantspsila reactions to a robot with which they are interacting. A brief review of psychophysiology is provided which includes: physiological activities and response tendencies; common psychophysiological measures; and advantages/issues related to psychophysiological measures. Psychophysiological experimental design recommendations are given for information required from participants before the psychophysiological measures are performed; a method to reduce habituation; post-testing assessment process; determining adequate sample sizes; and testing methods commonly used in HRI studies with recommended electrode placements. Psychophysiological measures should be utilized as part of a multi-faceted approach to experimental design including self-assessments, participant interviews, and/or video-recorded data collection methods over the course of an experimental study. Two or more methods of measurement should be utilized for convergent validity. Although psychophysiological measures may not be appropriate for all HRI studies, they can provide a valuable evaluation tool of participantspsila responses when properly incorporated into a multi-faceted experimental design.","PeriodicalId":363805,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114226358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-25DOI: 10.1109/CTS.2007.4621739
D. Teller
Slowly but surely, industry is discovering the need for programming languages, runtime environments and methodologies adapted to collaborative and distributed computing platforms. However, current distributed platforms, whether industrial or academic, are generally fragile with respect to resource exhaustion, and can provide, at best, ad hoc solutions to counter accidents or denial of service attacks. In this paper, we examine the problem of resource management in Erlang, that is providing services for distant use, while ensuring that untrusted third-parties using the services may not cause the exhaustion of memory, file handles or other limited resources. For this, we use targettable/extendable pi-calculus specification language and provide a formal semantics for a subset of core Erlang, as well as a model of some of its library. From these models, we derive a type system for formally guaranteeing robustness of services with respect to denial of service attacks.
{"title":"Towards a resource-safe Erlang","authors":"D. Teller","doi":"10.1109/CTS.2007.4621739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2007.4621739","url":null,"abstract":"Slowly but surely, industry is discovering the need for programming languages, runtime environments and methodologies adapted to collaborative and distributed computing platforms. However, current distributed platforms, whether industrial or academic, are generally fragile with respect to resource exhaustion, and can provide, at best, ad hoc solutions to counter accidents or denial of service attacks. In this paper, we examine the problem of resource management in Erlang, that is providing services for distant use, while ensuring that untrusted third-parties using the services may not cause the exhaustion of memory, file handles or other limited resources. For this, we use targettable/extendable pi-calculus specification language and provide a formal semantics for a subset of core Erlang, as well as a model of some of its library. From these models, we derive a type system for formally guaranteeing robustness of services with respect to denial of service attacks.","PeriodicalId":363805,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123631836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-25DOI: 10.1109/CTS.2007.4621775
Alf Inge Wang, Johan Ho
Bluetooth (BT) has become a standard for personal area networks connecting mobile devices including mobile phones, PDAs, laptop computers, headsets, keyboards and other devices. The most usual usage of BT networks is to connect one device to another device. However, the BT technology can also be used in other ways. This paper describes experiences from developing and exploring a BT broadcasting system with the focus on investigating the usefulness and practical issues related to BT broadcasting. In particular, the paper looks at what kind of application areas BT broadcasting can be used for and how privacy can be established in such environments. We also consider some collaborative services that can be provided through BT broadcasting.
{"title":"Is bluetooth broadcasting practical and useful?","authors":"Alf Inge Wang, Johan Ho","doi":"10.1109/CTS.2007.4621775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2007.4621775","url":null,"abstract":"Bluetooth (BT) has become a standard for personal area networks connecting mobile devices including mobile phones, PDAs, laptop computers, headsets, keyboards and other devices. The most usual usage of BT networks is to connect one device to another device. However, the BT technology can also be used in other ways. This paper describes experiences from developing and exploring a BT broadcasting system with the focus on investigating the usefulness and practical issues related to BT broadcasting. In particular, the paper looks at what kind of application areas BT broadcasting can be used for and how privacy can be established in such environments. We also consider some collaborative services that can be provided through BT broadcasting.","PeriodicalId":363805,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125217716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-25DOI: 10.1109/CTS.2007.4621769
I. Hawryszkiewycz
The paper addresses issues in aligning collaborative technologies to knowledge management processes. It describes a generic process of knowledge management and identifies important characteristics that distinguish it from most other processes. These include support of communities but what is important is that new communities emerge during the process and the process itself can change. Technology must coevolve with this evolution to ensure continuity. The paper proposes computer system architecture based on collaborative technologies to support the process. The architecture uses a community model of knowledge management and aligns communities to different levels of collaboration.
{"title":"Aligning collaborative technologies to emerging knowledge processes","authors":"I. Hawryszkiewycz","doi":"10.1109/CTS.2007.4621769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2007.4621769","url":null,"abstract":"The paper addresses issues in aligning collaborative technologies to knowledge management processes. It describes a generic process of knowledge management and identifies important characteristics that distinguish it from most other processes. These include support of communities but what is important is that new communities emerge during the process and the process itself can change. Technology must coevolve with this evolution to ensure continuity. The paper proposes computer system architecture based on collaborative technologies to support the process. The architecture uses a community model of knowledge management and aligns communities to different levels of collaboration.","PeriodicalId":363805,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122282267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-25DOI: 10.1109/CTS.2007.4621777
Jason R. Seyba, B. Mullins, Gregory L. Bonafede
Simulation results and an analytical model of an application that uses both audio and video in an IEEE 802.11g wireless network are presented in this paper. Consideration of the effect of the real time control protocol (RTCP) and the type of video codec on the quality of the voice channel is examined. Analytical and simulation results suggest that five terminals each running four 352 times 288 pixel video displays at 30 frames per second are still able to send and receive high quality G.711 audio content.
{"title":"Audio-video capacity of an IEEE 802.11g wireless LAN","authors":"Jason R. Seyba, B. Mullins, Gregory L. Bonafede","doi":"10.1109/CTS.2007.4621777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2007.4621777","url":null,"abstract":"Simulation results and an analytical model of an application that uses both audio and video in an IEEE 802.11g wireless network are presented in this paper. Consideration of the effect of the real time control protocol (RTCP) and the type of video codec on the quality of the voice channel is examined. Analytical and simulation results suggest that five terminals each running four 352 times 288 pixel video displays at 30 frames per second are still able to send and receive high quality G.711 audio content.","PeriodicalId":363805,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129638576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-25DOI: 10.1109/CTS.2007.4621765
A. F. Mustaçoglu, A. Topcu, A. Cami, G. Fox
Grid computing is an emerging technology one of whose main focuses is the coordinated resource sharing among dynamic groups of individuals, institutions and resources. In collaborative Grid environments, data and system consistency play a crucial role for the correct functioning of the system. In this paper we propose a novel event-based consistency model and discuss the implementation and integration of this model with Semantic Research Grid (SRG)-a collaborative system consisting of tools and services for supporting Cyberinfrastructure based scientific research. Our consistency model is based on the concept of event and dataset; it prevents the replication of records in the system and ensures the working of the system in a consistent state.
{"title":"A novel event-based consistency model for supporting collaborative cyberinfrastructure based scientific research","authors":"A. F. Mustaçoglu, A. Topcu, A. Cami, G. Fox","doi":"10.1109/CTS.2007.4621765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2007.4621765","url":null,"abstract":"Grid computing is an emerging technology one of whose main focuses is the coordinated resource sharing among dynamic groups of individuals, institutions and resources. In collaborative Grid environments, data and system consistency play a crucial role for the correct functioning of the system. In this paper we propose a novel event-based consistency model and discuss the implementation and integration of this model with Semantic Research Grid (SRG)-a collaborative system consisting of tools and services for supporting Cyberinfrastructure based scientific research. Our consistency model is based on the concept of event and dataset; it prevents the replication of records in the system and ensures the working of the system in a consistent state.","PeriodicalId":363805,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131643648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-05-25DOI: 10.1109/CTS.2007.4621721
G. C. Fox
This paper discuss the role of Web 2.0 in building the distributed electronic infrastructure for science, business, consumer and government applications. We compare functionality of Web 2.0 technologies with those of Grids for API's, messaging, composition (workflow) and portals. We discuss Gadgets, AJAX, JSON and Mashups as core Web 2.0 technologies. We also review the functionality of Web 2.0 services such as Google Maps, Start pages, Community bookmarking and social networking sites and compare with those from Grid and P2P. We look at security, management and other capabilities where the robustness of Grids could be critical.
{"title":"Web 2.0, grids and cyberinfrastructure / e-infrastructure","authors":"G. C. Fox","doi":"10.1109/CTS.2007.4621721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CTS.2007.4621721","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discuss the role of Web 2.0 in building the distributed electronic infrastructure for science, business, consumer and government applications. We compare functionality of Web 2.0 technologies with those of Grids for API's, messaging, composition (workflow) and portals. We discuss Gadgets, AJAX, JSON and Mashups as core Web 2.0 technologies. We also review the functionality of Web 2.0 services such as Google Maps, Start pages, Community bookmarking and social networking sites and compare with those from Grid and P2P. We look at security, management and other capabilities where the robustness of Grids could be critical.","PeriodicalId":363805,"journal":{"name":"2007 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116003406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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