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Exploring Veteran cultural competency in Canadian health care services 探索加拿大医疗保健服务中的老兵文化竞争力
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0073
Linna Tam-Seto, Ashley Williams, H. Cramm
LAY SUMMARY On leaving the military, Canadian Armed Forces Veterans begin receiving health care services in the civilian community. Health care providers may not understand the military culture from which Veterans come, and how military service can affect health and well-being. The purpose of this study was to identify what civilian health care providers need to know and do to provide culturally competent care to Canadian Veterans. Veterans and health care providers (family physicians and an occupational therapist) were interviewed, and specific knowledge, skills, and abilities were identified as important when establishing a quality health care relationship. This information can be used to develop resources for health care providers when beginning work with Veterans and their families, as well as for Veterans themselves as they transition to receiving care in civilian systems.
在离开军队后,加拿大武装部队退伍军人开始在平民社区接受医疗保健服务。医疗保健提供者可能不了解退伍军人来自的军事文化,以及服兵役如何影响健康和福祉。本研究的目的是确定平民卫生保健提供者需要知道和做什么,以提供加拿大退伍军人文化胜任护理。对退伍军人和卫生保健提供者(家庭医生和职业治疗师)进行了访谈,确定了在建立高质量卫生保健关系时,特定的知识、技能和能力是重要的。这些信息可用于为卫生保健提供者在开始与退伍军人及其家属合作时开发资源,以及为退伍军人自己过渡到在民用系统接受护理时开发资源。
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引用次数: 0
A randomized controlled trial of cognitive analytic versus compassion-focused therapy for PTSD in Iran-Iraq War Veterans 认知分析与同情疗法治疗两伊战争退伍军人创伤后应激障碍的随机对照试验
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2023-0027
Fateme Rayyat Moeini, Nasser Goodarzi, Parviz Dabbaghi, Amir Mohsen Rahnejat, Mohammad Reza Ghasemzadeh
LAY SUMMARY Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common, debilitating mental illness with a substantial burden on individuals and society. The authors aimed to compare the effects of cognitive analytic therapy and compassion-focused therapy on Veterans with PTSD. This study showed that a 12-session program of cognitive analytic therapy or an 8-session program of compassion-focused therapy was effective for treating PTSD. The interventions controlled re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal in PTSD. Also, they decreased depression, anxiety, and numbness in patients with PTSD. Compassion-focused therapy was more effective in controlling avoidance and depression than cognitive analytic therapy.
创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)是一种常见的使人衰弱的精神疾病,给个人和社会带来了沉重的负担。作者旨在比较认知分析疗法和以同情为中心的疗法对患有创伤后应激障碍的退伍军人的影响。这项研究表明,12个疗程的认知分析疗法或8个疗程的同情疗法对治疗创伤后应激障碍是有效的。干预控制PTSD患者的再体验、回避和过度觉醒。此外,它们还能减少PTSD患者的抑郁、焦虑和麻木。以同情为中心的治疗在控制逃避和抑郁方面比认知分析治疗更有效。
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引用次数: 0
Loneliness among UK Veterans: Associations with quality of life, alcohol misuse, and perceptions of partner drinking 英国退伍军人的孤独感:与生活质量、酒精滥用和对伴侣饮酒的看法有关
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2023-0009
C. Williamson, A. Wickersham, Marie-Louise Sharp, Danielle Dryden, Amos Simms, N. T. Fear, Dominic Murphy, Laura Goodwin, D. Leightley
LAY SUMMARY Loneliness occurs when there is a difference between the number and the quality of the social relationships people have and the ones they want. Research shows loneliness is negatively associated with quality of life and alcohol misuse; two common issues for military Veterans. Loneliness can also be affected by partner drinking, particularly if it does not match Veterans’ drinking behaviour. This study explored 1) the relationship between loneliness, quality of life, and alcohol misuse, and 2) the relationship between loneliness and perceived partner drinking among a sample of treatment-seeking UK military Veterans. In total, 163 treatment-seeking UK Veterans completed a survey via a smartphone application, DrinksRation, which included questions about their health and well-being. A large percentage of the sample reported loneliness (66%). This study found lonely treatment-seeking Veterans had poorer quality of life and higher alcohol misuse than non-lonely Veterans.
当人们拥有的社会关系的数量和质量与他们想要的社会关系存在差异时,就会产生孤独感。研究表明,孤独与生活质量和酒精滥用呈负相关;这是退伍军人的两个常见问题。孤独也会受到伴侣饮酒的影响,尤其是如果伴侣与退伍军人的饮酒行为不一致的话。本研究以寻求治疗的英国退伍军人为样本,探讨1)孤独感、生活质量和酒精滥用之间的关系;2)孤独感和感知伴侣饮酒之间的关系。163名寻求治疗的英国退伍军人通过智能手机应用程序drinksation完成了一项调查,其中包括有关他们健康和幸福的问题。很大比例的样本报告孤独(66%)。这项研究发现,寻求孤独治疗的退伍军人比不孤独的退伍军人生活质量更差,酒精滥用率更高。
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引用次数: 0
Developing a rural Veterans Affairs health care research program: Diligence and unique resolutions 发展农村退伍军人事务卫生保健研究项目:勤奋和独特的决议
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0074
Amber Goetschius, Brian Peek, Paula Richley Geigle
LAY SUMMARY Development and growth of a rural Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) research program is one way to provide best care. This article reports the steps and barriers to building a rural research centre, using examples from western North Carolina. One goal driving the research centre’s creation was to increase under-served communities in the research workforce and among participants enrolled in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) research. The VHA reports health care differences for 4.7 million rural and highly rural Veterans, with rural Veterans using VHA services differently than urban and suburban Veterans. A total of 58% of rural Veterans enroll in the VHA, compared with 37% of urban and suburban Veterans. To achieve optimal Veteran health, all Veteran sub-groups must be adequately represented in clinical research trials, but rural Veterans are currently not equally represented. Research centre development steps included: 1) hiring a program specialist to focus on developmental needs, 2) finding a local program assistant to address the details required to develop a research centre, 3) obtaining a designated regulatory staff member, 4) negotiating staff, space, and focus needs, 5) hiring an experienced researcher to support initial research efforts, and 6) networking with other VAMCs, hospitals, agencies, and universities to create a best-care community.
农村退伍军人事务医疗中心(VAMC)研究项目的发展和成长是提供最佳护理的一种方式。本文以北卡罗来纳州西部为例,报道了建立农村研究中心的步骤和障碍。推动研究中心创建的一个目标是增加研究人员和退伍军人健康管理局(VHA)研究的参与者中服务不足的社区。VHA报告了470万农村和高度农村退伍军人的医疗保健差异,农村退伍军人使用VHA服务的方式与城市和郊区退伍军人不同。总共有58%的农村退伍军人加入了VHA,而城市和郊区退伍军人的这一比例为37%。为了实现最佳的退伍军人健康,必须在临床研究试验中充分代表所有退伍军人亚组,但目前农村退伍军人的代表性并不平等。研究中心的发展步骤包括:1)聘请项目专家专注于发展需求,2)寻找当地项目助理解决发展研究中心所需的细节,3)获得指定的管理人员,4)协商人员、空间和重点需求,5)聘请经验丰富的研究人员支持初始研究工作,6)与其他vamc、医院、机构和大学建立联系,以创建一个最佳护理社区。
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引用次数: 0
Hazing in the military: A scoping review 军队中的欺侮:范围审查
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2023-0016
Charlotte Kröger, Nynke Venema, Eva van Baarle
LAY SUMMARY Initiation rituals have existed in the military for a very long time. The goal of these traditions is generally to introduce (new) military personnel to the organization, to learn about hierarchies, practices, and norms, and to make sure personnel are committed to and identify with the armed forces. However, hazing can also occur. Hazing refers to initiation activities that are abusive and include harassment and humiliation. These activities can cause severe mental and physical harm to the health and well-being of military personnel. Hazing can also negatively affect the functioning and effectiveness of individuals and entire units in times of peace and war. Many military organizations and scholars agree that hazing is dangerous and unethical. However, hazing still exists. This scoping review was conducted to gain more insight into what is known about hazing in the military, why it occurs, and what may be done to prevent it. Findings show that more research is needed, and military organizations may have to rethink their approaches to hazing if they want to prevent it and protect personnel from harm.
入会仪式在军队中已经存在了很长时间。这些传统的目标通常是向组织介绍(新的)军事人员,了解等级制度,实践和规范,并确保人员致力于并认同武装部队。然而,欺侮也可能发生。欺侮是指谩骂的入会活动,包括骚扰和羞辱。这些活动可能对军事人员的健康和福祉造成严重的身心伤害。在和平时期和战争时期,欺侮也会对个人和整个单位的运作和效率产生负面影响。许多军事组织和学者都认为欺侮是危险和不道德的。然而,欺侮仍然存在。这次范围审查是为了更深入地了解军队中的欺侮行为,为什么会发生,以及可以采取什么措施来防止它。研究结果表明,需要进行更多的研究,如果军事组织想要防止这种情况发生并保护人员免受伤害,他们可能不得不重新考虑他们的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the association between Veteran status and rate of emergency department visits 调查退伍军人身份与急诊科就诊率之间的关系
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2023-0007
James Saunders, Kate St. Cyr, Heidi Cramm, Alice B. Aiken, Paul Kurdyak, Rinku Sutradhar, Alyson L. Mahar
LAY SUMMARY How Veterans use the emergency department (ED) after they leave the military could signal unmet health needs or health crises. Describing patterns of ED use could inform health policy to better support Veterans during military service or design programs and services for them after they leave. ED visit records from Ontario were used to compare how often Veterans and non-Veterans visited the ED. How often a Veteran went to the ED, and how that rate compared with that of non-Veterans, depended on how long the Veteran served in the military and whether they were male or female. For example, Veterans with less than 5 or with 5–9 years of service had a higher rate of ED visits relative to non-Veterans, whereas those who served for 20–29 or for 30 years or more had a lower rate of ED visits. An understanding of how to design health services and programs for female Veterans, and for those serving shorter durations, is needed.
退伍军人离开军队后如何使用急诊科(ED)可能预示着未满足的健康需求或健康危机。描述ED使用的模式可以为健康政策提供信息,以便更好地支持退伍军人在服兵役期间,或者在他们离开后为他们设计项目和服务。来自安大略省的急诊科就诊记录被用来比较退伍军人和非退伍军人去急诊科的频率。退伍军人去急诊科的频率,以及与非退伍军人相比的比率,取决于退伍军人在军队服役的时间长短以及他们是男性还是女性。例如,与非退伍军人相比,服役少于5年或5 - 9年的退伍军人ED就诊率更高,而服役20-29年或30年或以上的退伍军人ED就诊率较低。需要了解如何为女性退伍军人和服役时间较短的退伍军人设计卫生服务和项目。
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引用次数: 0
An analysis of media coverage of the transition from military to civilian life, with a focus on health and well-being 对媒体报道从军人生活向平民生活过渡的分析,重点是健康和福祉
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2023-0072
Rob Whitley, Anne-Marie Saucier
LAY SUMMARY The media can shape the opinions, beliefs, and attitudes of the public toward Veterans and Veteran issues and can also be a vital source of information for Veterans and their families. Accordingly, the authors used social science methods to collect, read, and analyze the tone and content of Canadian media coverage of Veteran transition from military to civilian life. The most common themes included posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicide, and issues with employment, housing, and social integration. Less common themes included financial issues, depression, and substance use. Comparing coverage between mainstream and specialist media emanating from the Canadian Armed Forces found patterns of reporting differ between military and mainstream media. Mainstream media often focus on PTSD and suicide, especially in the context of extremely rare, one-off events (e.g., the Lionel Desmond incident). In contrast, military media focus on practical aspects of transition, such as employment issues and support programs. Results of this study indicate a need for more educational resources and better outreach to help Canadian journalists report military-to-civilian transition in a comprehensive and balanced manner.
媒体可以塑造公众对退伍军人和退伍军人问题的观点、信仰和态度,也可以成为退伍军人及其家人的重要信息来源。据此,作者运用社会科学的方法,对加拿大媒体报道老兵从军队向平民生活转变的语气和内容进行了收集、阅读和分析。最常见的主题包括创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、自杀以及就业、住房和社会融合问题。不太常见的主题包括财务问题、抑郁和药物使用。比较来自加拿大武装部队的主流媒体和专业媒体的报道,发现军事媒体和主流媒体的报道模式不同。主流媒体经常关注创伤后应激障碍和自杀,特别是在极其罕见的一次性事件(例如莱昂内尔·德斯蒙德事件)的背景下。相比之下,军事媒体关注的是转型的实际方面,如就业问题和支持计划。这项研究的结果表明,需要更多的教育资源和更好的外联,以帮助加拿大记者以全面和平衡的方式报道军民过渡。
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引用次数: 0
Adding insult to injury: Exploring the relation between moral injury and military sexual trauma 创伤上加创伤:道德创伤与军人性创伤的关系探讨
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2023-0045
Jillian Lopes, Margaret C. McKinnon, Linna Tam-Seto
LAY SUMMARY This article highlights how the current literature conceptualizes and describes the link between military sexual trauma and moral injury. It describes some potential effects of sexual-assault-related moral injury on survivors and contributes to the broader, growing understanding of how sexual assault affects survivors, researchers, clinicians, and policy makers involved in the health and well-being of military members. Furthermore, this work can inform the development of future clinical interventions for individuals with more unique circumstances, such as those who may have experienced moral injury related to sexual trauma in the military.
这篇文章强调了当前的文献是如何概念化和描述军人性创伤和道德伤害之间的联系的。它描述了与性侵犯相关的道德伤害对幸存者的一些潜在影响,并有助于更广泛、更深入地了解性侵犯如何影响幸存者、研究人员、临床医生和参与军人健康和福祉的政策制定者。此外,这项工作可以为具有更独特情况的个人提供未来临床干预措施的发展,例如那些可能在军队中经历过与性创伤相关的道德伤害的人。
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引用次数: 0
They stand on guard: Canadian Armed Forces and public safety personnel in the context of global crises 他们站岗:加拿大武装部队和公共安全人员在全球危机的背景下
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh.9.4.ed
Stéphanie A.H. Bélanger, David Pedlar, Nick Carleton, Heidi Cramm, Leslie Anne Keown
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引用次数: 0
Establishing cut-offs for the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for people living with chronic pain 建立慢性疼痛患者疼痛自我效能问卷的截止点
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2023-0076
Freddy Bishay, Gregory K. Tippin, Adria Fransson, Eleni G. Hapidou
LAY SUMMARY Cut-offs were established for the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) by examining it with other clinical measures in 189 patients, including 69 Veterans, who attended a four-week interdisciplinary chronic pain management program. By dividing the PSEQ scores into low, medium, and high ranges, the authors examined the PSEQ’s association with fear of movement/re-injury (kinesiophobia), pain interference, and pain catastrophizing at admission and discharge from the program. Kinesiophobia was found to be most related to the proposed cut-offs. Findings support the use of PSEQ cut-offs when considering self-efficacy and kinesiophobia. Future research should evaluate these cut-offs with larger samples and functional/occupational measures. The findings show promise for individuals with chronic pain and continue to increase the understanding of the clinicians who work with these individuals.
189名患者(包括69名退伍军人)参加了为期四周的跨学科慢性疼痛管理项目,通过将疼痛自我效能问卷(PSEQ)与其他临床测量相结合,建立了疼痛自我效能问卷的截止值。通过将PSEQ分数划分为低、中、高三个等级,作者研究了PSEQ与运动/再损伤恐惧(运动恐惧症)、疼痛干扰以及入院和出院时疼痛灾难的关系。运动恐惧症被发现与拟议的切断最相关。研究结果支持在考虑自我效能和运动恐惧症时使用PSEQ截止值。未来的研究应该用更大的样本和功能/职业测量来评估这些截止值。这些发现为患有慢性疼痛的个体带来了希望,并继续增加与这些个体一起工作的临床医生的理解。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health
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