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The end-of-mission airlock: More than a homecoming tool for French Army soldiers 任务结束后的气闸:不仅仅是法国陆军士兵回家的工具
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0026
Léa Ruelle, Candice M. Christmas
LAY SUMMARY French soldiers are prepared and trained to go on missions. Their time in theatres of war is part of a larger training program that includes preparation for the mission and return to civilian/garrison life. This program allows soldiers to enter missions in good condition and return to family and garrison at their best after having faced the stressors of war. Returning home involves an end-of-mission airlock between the geographical location of the mission and France where they can ease out of the daily routine of the mission and back into civilian/post-deployment routines. The entire training program involves what anthropology terms a ritual. This article studies the form of this ritual and the ways in which it impacts French soldiers. Comparing the lived reality of a group that underwent an end-of-mission airlock against a group whose airlock was cancelled revealed the components necessary for soldiers to transition out of a theatre of war. Results from this research offer a potential key to understanding the social mechanisms underlying the success of an end-of-mission airlock to best assist soldiers returning from war.
法国士兵已做好执行任务的准备和训练。他们在战区的时间是一个更大的训练计划的一部分,其中包括为任务做准备和回归平民/驻军生活。这个项目允许士兵以良好的状态进入任务,并在面对战争压力后以最佳状态返回家庭和驻军。回国涉及特派团地理位置和法国之间的任务结束气闸,他们可以轻松地摆脱特派团的日常工作,回到文职/部署后的日常工作。整个训练项目包括人类学所说的仪式。本文研究了这种仪式的形式及其对法国士兵的影响。比较一个经历了任务结束气闸的小组和一个取消气闸的小组的生活现实,揭示了士兵从战区过渡所必需的组成部分。这项研究的结果为理解任务结束气闸成功的社会机制提供了一个潜在的关键,以最好地帮助从战争中返回的士兵。
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引用次数: 0
An analysis of media coverage of the transition from military to civilian life, with a focus on health and well-being 对媒体报道从军人生活向平民生活过渡的分析,重点是健康和福祉
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0072
R. Whitley, A. Saucier
LAY SUMMARY The media can shape the opinions, beliefs, and attitudes of the public toward Veterans and Veteran issues and can also be a vital source of information for Veterans and their families. As such, the authors used social science methods to collect, read, and analyze the tone and content of Canadian media coverage of Veteran transition from military to civilian life. The most common themes included posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicide, and issues with employment, housing, and social integration. Less common themes included financial issues, depression, and substance use. Comparing coverage between mainstream and specialist media emanating from the Canadian Armed Forces found patterns of reporting differ between military and mainstream media. Mainstream media often focus on PTSD and suicide, especially in the context of extremely rare, one-off events (e.g., the Lionel Desmond incident). In contrast, military media focus on practical aspects of transition, such as employment issues and support programs. Results of this study indicate a need for more educational resources and better outreach to help Canadian journalists report military-to-civilian transition in a comprehensive and balanced manner.
媒体可以塑造公众对退伍军人和退伍军人问题的观点、信仰和态度,也可以成为退伍军人及其家人的重要信息来源。因此,作者使用社会科学的方法来收集、阅读和分析加拿大媒体报道老兵从军队过渡到平民生活的语气和内容。最常见的主题包括创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、自杀以及就业、住房和社会融合问题。不太常见的主题包括财务问题、抑郁和药物使用。比较来自加拿大武装部队的主流媒体和专业媒体的报道,发现军事媒体和主流媒体的报道模式不同。主流媒体经常关注创伤后应激障碍和自杀,特别是在极其罕见的一次性事件(例如莱昂内尔·德斯蒙德事件)的背景下。相比之下,军事媒体关注的是转型的实际方面,如就业问题和支持计划。这项研究的结果表明,需要更多的教育资源和更好的外联,以帮助加拿大记者以全面和平衡的方式报道军民过渡。
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引用次数: 0
Well-being of Veterans with chronic pain with fewer activities limited by pain: Life After Service Studies 2019 survey 患有慢性疼痛的退伍军人的健康状况,受疼痛限制的活动较少:2019年退伍后生活研究调查
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0030
G. Nazari, Julián Reyes-Vélez, James M. Thompson, J. Sweet, Jordan Miller
LAY SUMMARY This study aimed to understand how common chronic pain is among Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Veterans and the characteristics that were related with having fewer activities limited by pain using the Life After Service Studies (LASS) 2019 survey. The LASS survey was a Statistics Canada telephone survey of CAF Veterans released in 1998-2018. About 1 in 2 (50.7%) reported living with chronic pain. CAF Veterans between 50 and 59 years who were female, employed, had higher education, higher rank, longer length of service, or higher income had fewer activities limited by chronic pain. High levels of mastery (feeling in control of factors affecting one’s life) was linked to having fewer activities limited by pain among people with moderate to severe pain. The strong link between higher mastery and fewer activities limited by pain points to a need for pain management supports addressing aspects of CAF Veterans’ well-being beyond pain severity and physical health.
本研究旨在通过2019年服务后生活研究(LASS)调查了解加拿大武装部队(CAF)退伍军人中慢性疼痛的常见程度,以及与疼痛限制的活动减少相关的特征。LASS调查是加拿大统计局在1998年至2018年对CAF退伍军人进行的电话调查。约1 / 2(50.7%)的患者报告患有慢性疼痛。年龄在50 - 59岁之间的女性、有工作、受过高等教育、军衔较高、服役时间较长或收入较高的退伍军人因慢性疼痛而限制的活动较少。在中度至重度疼痛患者中,高水平的掌控(对影响自己生活的因素的控制感)与较少受疼痛限制的活动有关。更高的精通程度和更少的受痛点限制的活动之间的紧密联系,以及对疼痛管理的需求,支持解决CAF退伍军人的健康问题,而不仅仅是疼痛严重程度和身体健康。
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引用次数: 0
The space in between: Notes on a research-based play about moral injury and the transition to civilian life 中间的空间:对一部关于道德伤害和向平民生活过渡的研究型戏剧的注释
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0058
L. Spring
LAY SUMMARY Dominant biomedical framings of military trauma and resulting treatment approaches for mental health issues can sometimes fall short for military members and Veterans and risk individualizing and pathologizing normal human reactions to the emotions at the core of moral injury. As such, philosophical and aesthetic exploration are warranted. This research-based theatre project was inspired by the work of Jonathan Shay, who looked to ancient Greek theatre to develop his concept of moral injury and argued that healing can only take place in community. In-depth interviews with nine Canadian Armed Forces Veterans led to the creation of a research-based play in which each scene represents one of the major themes identified during or after interview sessions (family, betrayal, brotherhood and mothering, public honour, sickness and coping). Sub-themes (heroism, the body, militarized masculinity, the role of women) became smaller or transition scenes in the play.
军事创伤的主流生物医学框架和由此产生的心理健康问题的治疗方法有时可能不适合军人和退伍军人,并有可能个体化和病态化人类对道德伤害核心情绪的正常反应。因此,哲学和美学的探索是必要的。这个以研究为基础的戏剧项目的灵感来自乔纳森·谢伊(Jonathan Shay)的作品,他从古希腊戏剧中发展了他的道德伤害概念,并认为治愈只能在社区中进行。对9名加拿大武装部队退伍军人的深入采访导致了一个基于研究的戏剧的创作,其中每个场景都代表了在采访期间或之后确定的一个主要主题(家庭,背叛,兄弟情谊和母亲,公共荣誉,疾病和应对)。次要主题(英雄主义,身体,军事化的男子气概,女性的角色)在剧中变得更小或过渡场景。
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引用次数: 0
The future of moral injury and its treatment 道德伤害的未来及其治疗
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh.9.2.ed
B. Litz
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引用次数: 0
Australian military personnel perspectives on family, service, and deployment: An analysis of open-ended survey data 澳大利亚军事人员对家庭、服务和部署的看法:开放式调查数据分析
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0054
C. Runge, K. Moss, J. Dean, Michael Wallera
LAY SUMMARY Most research on military family health has involved talking to spouses, but what do military personnel think? Personnel may identify different issues that have not had the attention of research or armed forces. This study used the “Any other comments?” question in a military family survey to get their thoughts. Australian Defence Force regular and reserve personnel who were in the army, navy, or air force completed the survey. There were 264 personnel who talked about families, and key issues and views were identified from their responses. These included the challenge of living away from families for service reasons and a feeling of “talk, not action” on work and family balance. Responses revealed that non-family-friendly practices affected the health of families. They also caused personnel to leave regular service or the military altogether. Armed forces should work to match practices with policies. This study also shows how open-ended-comment questions in surveys are useful for research and give military personnel a chance to have their say.
大多数关于军人家庭健康的研究都涉及与配偶交谈,但是军人是怎么想的呢?工作人员可能会发现不同的问题,没有得到研究或武装部队的注意。这项研究使用了“还有其他评论吗?”的问题,以了解他们的想法。澳大利亚国防军陆军、海军或空军的正规和预备役人员完成了这项调查。有264名工作人员谈到了家庭,从他们的回答中确定了关键问题和观点。其中包括由于服务原因而远离家人的挑战,以及在工作和家庭平衡方面“只说不做”的感觉。答复显示,不利于家庭的做法影响到家庭健康。他们还导致人员离开常规服务或完全退出军队。军队应该努力使实践与政策相匹配。这项研究还表明,调查中的开放式评论问题对研究很有用,并给军人一个发表意见的机会。
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引用次数: 0
The mySELF group: Recreation- and art-based group therapy as adjunct treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder 自我组:以娱乐和艺术为基础的团体治疗作为创伤后应激障碍的辅助治疗
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0062
L. King, Doreen Campbell, Marie Finkbeiner, Jesse T Gallimore, Jill Kennedy, Emily McCarthy, F. Ketcheson
LAY SUMMARY Military personnel and Veterans receiving psychotherapy for mental health diagnoses such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often have only modest symptom improvement. The authors wondered whether participating in a therapeutic recreation and creative arts group along with psychotherapy would aid recovery. A 12-week program called the my Social life, Expression, Leisure and Food (mySELF) group was created that offered therapeutic recreation, art, and music therapy. A total of 36 clients, most with PTSD, who had been receiving psychotherapy for an average of three years completed the program and submitted pre- and post-group questionnaires. The authors examined leisure attitudes, quality of life, and mental health symptoms before, immediately after, and four months after the group. Results showed significant improvements in leisure attitudes, environmental quality of life and depression, anxiety, stress, and PTSD symptoms. These preliminary results suggest that therapeutic recreation, art, and music therapy are beneficial for military personnel, Veterans, and Royal Canadian Mounted Police receiving psychotherapy.
军事人员和退伍军人接受心理治疗诊断为心理健康,如创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)通常只有轻微的症状改善。作者想知道参加治疗性娱乐和创造性艺术团体以及心理治疗是否有助于康复。一个名为“我的社会生活、表达、休闲和食物(我自己)”的为期12周的项目被创建,提供治疗性娱乐、艺术和音乐治疗。总共有36名接受心理治疗平均3年的患者(大多数患有PTSD)完成了这个项目,并提交了小组前和小组后的调查问卷。作者调查了休闲态度、生活质量和心理健康症状,分别在小组开始前、结束后和结束后四个月。结果显示,休闲态度、生活环境质量、抑郁、焦虑、压力和创伤后应激障碍症状均有显著改善。这些初步结果表明,治疗性娱乐、艺术和音乐治疗对接受心理治疗的军人、退伍军人和加拿大皇家骑警是有益的。
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引用次数: 0
Employment and mental health among UK ex-service personnel during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19大流行初期英国退役人员的就业和心理健康
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0064
H. Burdett, Marie-Louise Sharp, Danai Serfioti, Margaret Jones, D. Murphy, L. Hull, D. Pernet, S. Wessely, N. Fear
LAY SUMMARY This article examines how employment status changed for working-age UK ex-military personnel in the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic and how this relates to their mental health. Overall, the unemployment rate among ex-military personnel was not worse than that in the general population; however, because ex-military personnel generally have a lower unemployment rate than the general population, this suggests they were worse hit by the pandemic. Part-time and self-employed personnel were more likely to experience negative changes to their employment situation. Both becoming unemployed and being furloughed were correlated with negative changes in mental health. However, it should be noted that the mental health data used for this comparison predate the onset of the pandemic; hence, other factors related to both change in employment status and change in mental health could be the cause of this apparent relationship.
本文研究了在COVID-19大流行早期,英国工作年龄的前军事人员的就业状况是如何变化的,以及这与他们的心理健康有何关系。总的来说,退役军人的失业率并不比一般人口的失业率差;然而,由于前军事人员的失业率通常低于一般人口,这表明他们受到大流行的打击更严重。兼职和自雇人员的就业情况更有可能出现负面变化。失业和无薪休假都与心理健康的负面变化相关。然而,应该指出的是,用于这种比较的心理健康数据是在大流行开始之前使用的;因此,与就业状况变化和心理健康变化相关的其他因素可能是造成这种明显关系的原因。
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引用次数: 2
Moral injury symptoms and related problems among service members and Veterans: A network analysis 军人和退伍军人的道德伤害症状及相关问题:网络分析
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0040
Natasha Benfer, M. B. N. Vannini, Breanna Grunthal, B. Darnell, G. Zerach, Y. Levi-Belz, B. Litz
LAY SUMMARY Both moral injury (MI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can result from adverse experiences (potentially morally injurious events [PMIEs] for the former and Criterion A events for the latter) and may lead to similar symptoms. Thus, debate is ongoing as to whether MI and PTSD are distinct. Depressive symptoms can also follow these events and may also overlap with symptoms of MI and PTSD. This study investigated how distinct MI is from PTSD and depression by examining networks composed of MI-related outcomes (trust violation, shame, functioning), PTSD symptom clusters, and depression for participants who reported experiencing a PMIE and those who did not. This study is the first of its kind to use MI outcomes with PTSD and depression in a network analysis. The results suggest that MI, PTSD, and depression are distinct but related phenomena, with more connections between these phenomena present particularly among those who experienced a PMIE. Moreover, the negative alterations in cognition and mood cluster of PTSD and MI-related functioning appears to explain some of the co-occurrence among constructs.
道德伤害(MI)和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)均可由不良经历(前者为潜在道德伤害事件[pmii],后者为标准A事件)引起,并可能导致相似的症状。因此,关于心肌梗死和创伤后应激障碍是否不同的争论正在进行中。抑郁症状也可能伴随这些事件,也可能与心梗和创伤后应激障碍的症状重叠。本研究通过检查MI相关结果(信任违反、羞耻、功能)、PTSD症状群和报告经历过PMIE和没有经历过PMIE的参与者的抑郁组成的网络,调查了MI与PTSD和抑郁症的区别。这项研究是同类研究中首次在网络分析中使用创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症的心肌梗死结果。结果表明,心肌梗死、创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症是不同但相关的现象,这些现象之间的联系更多,特别是在经历过PMIE的人群中。此外,PTSD和mi相关功能的认知和情绪集群的负性改变似乎解释了构念之间的共同发生。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying potentially morally injurious events from the Veteran perspective: A qualitative descriptive study 从退伍军人的角度识别潜在的道德伤害事件:一项定性描述性研究
IF 0.9 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0049
Heather A. King, Kathleen R Perry, Stephanie Ferguson, Bret L. Hickene, G. Jackson, Chanee Lynch, S. Woolson, J. Wortmann, Jason A. Nieuwsma, Kimber J Parry
LAY SUMMARY Current conceptualizations of potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) emphasize war atrocities (e.g., killing of children or civilians, witnessing abuse of prisoners of war). Additional research on PMIEs could inform provision of patient-centred care in pursuit of healing for those experiencing moral injury. The field would benefit from an operationalization of PMIEs that is not only grounded in empirical data and meaningful to clinicians but also accounts for the perspectives of the Veterans who experienced PMIEs. This study sought to gain a more in-depth understanding of and explore Veterans’ experiences surrounding PMIEs.
当前对潜在道德伤害事件(pmii)的概念化强调战争暴行(例如,杀害儿童或平民,目睹虐待战俘)。对精神创伤患者的进一步研究可以为提供以患者为中心的护理提供信息,以寻求治愈那些遭受道德伤害的人。该领域将受益于pmii的运作,它不仅基于经验数据,对临床医生有意义,而且还说明了经历过pmii的退伍军人的观点。本研究旨在更深入地了解和探索退伍军人在pmii周围的经历。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health
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