K. Bullington, D. J. Thomas, Kaycee L. Bills, William L. Nuckols, J. L. Howell, D. Gregory
LAY SUMMARY Some U.S. student Veterans pursuing higher education are incurring debt despite benefits available through the GI Bill. This exploratory study examines credit card debt accumulated by U.S. student Veterans while pursuing higher education goals. The purpose of this article is to address whether the U.S. GI Bill provides enough revenue for some students and to alert policy makers to the potential need to realign GI Bill benefits to help more student Veterans.
{"title":"VETDEBT: An analysis of U.S. student Veteran credit card use while enrolled in U.S. post-secondary education","authors":"K. Bullington, D. J. Thomas, Kaycee L. Bills, William L. Nuckols, J. L. Howell, D. Gregory","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0109","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Some U.S. student Veterans pursuing higher education are incurring debt despite benefits available through the GI Bill. This exploratory study examines credit card debt accumulated by U.S. student Veterans while pursuing higher education goals. The purpose of this article is to address whether the U.S. GI Bill provides enough revenue for some students and to alert policy makers to the potential need to realign GI Bill benefits to help more student Veterans.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72465274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valerie M. Wood, Linna Tam-Seto, T. MacDonald, Samantha Urban
LAY SUMMARY The goal of this study was to understand whether spousal attachment is related to the quality of post-deployment interactions and issues of conflict reported by spouses of Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members during a post-deployment reunion. A total of 104 spouses of CAF Regular Force personnel who had recently been reunited with their partners after a deployment were surveyed. Results showed that both attachment anxiety (fear of rejection and abandonment) and attachment avoidance (discomfort with emotional intimacy and closeness) were related to lower-quality post-deployment interactions and the reported frequency of particular conflict issues. Specifically, attachment anxiety was related to more reports of unmet emotional needs, difficulties re-establishing intimacy, finances, and being less likely to describe the conflict in positive terms. The relationship between attachment anxiety and the quality of post-deployment interactions was explained by feeling as though one’s original expectations of the reunion were not met.
{"title":"Adult attachment and spousal reports of conflict and quality of partner interactions during a post-deployment reunion","authors":"Valerie M. Wood, Linna Tam-Seto, T. MacDonald, Samantha Urban","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0108","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY The goal of this study was to understand whether spousal attachment is related to the quality of post-deployment interactions and issues of conflict reported by spouses of Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members during a post-deployment reunion. A total of 104 spouses of CAF Regular Force personnel who had recently been reunited with their partners after a deployment were surveyed. Results showed that both attachment anxiety (fear of rejection and abandonment) and attachment avoidance (discomfort with emotional intimacy and closeness) were related to lower-quality post-deployment interactions and the reported frequency of particular conflict issues. Specifically, attachment anxiety was related to more reports of unmet emotional needs, difficulties re-establishing intimacy, finances, and being less likely to describe the conflict in positive terms. The relationship between attachment anxiety and the quality of post-deployment interactions was explained by feeling as though one’s original expectations of the reunion were not met.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83744496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LAY SUMMARY Military members want to do well when they leave service. Good well-being is one way of thinking about success in the transition to life after service. The word well-being has different meanings to different people, which can be confusing. To help Veterans, it must be clearly defined. Some see well-being as something inside a person; others see it as how people are doing in the outside world. People can have poorer or better well-being in many areas of life, not just in how they feel. This article describes a way of thinking about well-being that can work for different purposes.
{"title":"Success in life after service: A perspective on conceptualizing the well-being of military Veterans","authors":"James M. Thompson, Dawne S. Vogt, D. Pedlar","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0037","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Military members want to do well when they leave service. Good well-being is one way of thinking about success in the transition to life after service. The word well-being has different meanings to different people, which can be confusing. To help Veterans, it must be clearly defined. Some see well-being as something inside a person; others see it as how people are doing in the outside world. People can have poorer or better well-being in many areas of life, not just in how they feel. This article describes a way of thinking about well-being that can work for different purposes.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89094441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The many faces of diversity in the military and the need for culture change","authors":"I. Goldenberg, Stéfanie von Hlatky, T. Hughes","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh.8.s1-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh.8.s1-001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89418721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LAY SUMMARY Military life can involve many different separations from family as a result of operational demands. Approximately 4 in 10 UK Royal Navy and Royal Marine families report living separately during the week. Although much research focuses on deployment, little research focuses on how these shorter, more frequent, and ongoing separations influence family functioning and the health and well-being of partners, children, and young people. In this study, interviews and focus groups with partners and adolescents in UK naval families found that limitations on time as a family and family dynamics, including roles and relationships, had a negative influence on family functioning. Stressors from these experiences were reported to negatively affect family health and well-being, with poorer mental and physical health among partners and emotional and behavioural difficulties among children. These findings highlight similarities and differences between weekly separations and operational deployments and the need for more research on different types of family separation in the military.
{"title":"Living separately during the week: Influences on family functioning, health, and well-being of UK naval families","authors":"R. Gribble, N. Fear","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0062","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Military life can involve many different separations from family as a result of operational demands. Approximately 4 in 10 UK Royal Navy and Royal Marine families report living separately during the week. Although much research focuses on deployment, little research focuses on how these shorter, more frequent, and ongoing separations influence family functioning and the health and well-being of partners, children, and young people. In this study, interviews and focus groups with partners and adolescents in UK naval families found that limitations on time as a family and family dynamics, including roles and relationships, had a negative influence on family functioning. Stressors from these experiences were reported to negatively affect family health and well-being, with poorer mental and physical health among partners and emotional and behavioural difficulties among children. These findings highlight similarities and differences between weekly separations and operational deployments and the need for more research on different types of family separation in the military.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84226405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephanie A Houle, Cavan Pollard, R. Jetly, Andrea R. Ashbaugh
LAY SUMMARY Moral injury (MI) refers to the psycho-spiritual consequences of extremely challenging events that threaten one’s moral beliefs and core values. MI is characterized by intense shame, guilt, anger, loss of trust in oneself and others, and social withdrawal — factors that may impede a person’s willingness to seek help for mental health problems. The authors analyzed interviews with 13 Canadian Armed Forces service members and Veterans struggling with MI. They identified themes representing four main barriers to help seeking (stigma, denial, no knowledge of problem or MI, negative perceptions of the military health system) and five main facilitators of help seeking (a sense of shared experience, screening, encouragement from others to seek help, purpose as motivation, alternatives to formal mental health care). The themes identified largely overlap with factors shown in previous research to be barriers to help seeking among military samples. The results of this study suggest that additional education on the mental health consequences associated with MI, and enhanced screening for this type of distress, may lead to increased support seeking among service members and Veterans struggling with MI.
{"title":"Barriers and facilitators of help seeking among morally injured Canadian Armed Forces Veterans and service members: A qualitative analysis","authors":"Stephanie A Houle, Cavan Pollard, R. Jetly, Andrea R. Ashbaugh","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0093","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Moral injury (MI) refers to the psycho-spiritual consequences of extremely challenging events that threaten one’s moral beliefs and core values. MI is characterized by intense shame, guilt, anger, loss of trust in oneself and others, and social withdrawal — factors that may impede a person’s willingness to seek help for mental health problems. The authors analyzed interviews with 13 Canadian Armed Forces service members and Veterans struggling with MI. They identified themes representing four main barriers to help seeking (stigma, denial, no knowledge of problem or MI, negative perceptions of the military health system) and five main facilitators of help seeking (a sense of shared experience, screening, encouragement from others to seek help, purpose as motivation, alternatives to formal mental health care). The themes identified largely overlap with factors shown in previous research to be barriers to help seeking among military samples. The results of this study suggest that additional education on the mental health consequences associated with MI, and enhanced screening for this type of distress, may lead to increased support seeking among service members and Veterans struggling with MI.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80085192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LAY SUMMARY Current policy in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) and Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC) is to provide individuals with an amputation through or above the knee with a prosthesis with a microprocessor knee (MPK) unit for daily use and a backup prosthesis with a non-microprocessor knee (N-MPK) unit. These knee units have significant functional differences. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of users’ device preference and the impact of switching between the MPK and N-MPK. To study this, six members participated in semi-structured interviews. Analysis found seven major categories driving prosthetic preference: functionality, physical aspects, mental aspects, activity, maintenance, safety, and health-related quality of life. The MPK was superior in all categories, and immediate switching between devices was problematic. As a result, participants who had an N-MPK backup did not use the device and instead received a loaner MPK from their prosthetist when required. These results suggest that for individuals who do not have ready access to their prosthetist to obtain a loaner knee unit, consideration should be given for a backup prosthesis with the same MPK unit as their daily-use prosthesis. Otherwise, no routine need for a backup N-MPK was identified.
{"title":"Microprocessor knee versus non-microprocessor knee for backup device in lower limb prostheses: A qualitative study","authors":"Jody-Lynn Young, E. Guérin, M. Besemann, N. Dudek","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0094","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Current policy in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) and Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC) is to provide individuals with an amputation through or above the knee with a prosthesis with a microprocessor knee (MPK) unit for daily use and a backup prosthesis with a non-microprocessor knee (N-MPK) unit. These knee units have significant functional differences. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of users’ device preference and the impact of switching between the MPK and N-MPK. To study this, six members participated in semi-structured interviews. Analysis found seven major categories driving prosthetic preference: functionality, physical aspects, mental aspects, activity, maintenance, safety, and health-related quality of life. The MPK was superior in all categories, and immediate switching between devices was problematic. As a result, participants who had an N-MPK backup did not use the device and instead received a loaner MPK from their prosthetist when required. These results suggest that for individuals who do not have ready access to their prosthetist to obtain a loaner knee unit, consideration should be given for a backup prosthesis with the same MPK unit as their daily-use prosthesis. Otherwise, no routine need for a backup N-MPK was identified.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85263150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LAY SUMMARY Clothes that remotely monitor the wearer’s heart rate, breathing rate, and other vital signs are becoming more available and reliable. The information obtained from these clothes could help military forces create more realistic and stressful training scenarios to better prepare soldiers for combat. It could also provide valuable information to medical personnel about wounded soldiers to help save lives. This study confirmed this type of garment was reliable and functional, and obtained accurate data when used in a military field training exercise by a reserve medical unit of the Canadian Armed Forces.
{"title":"Dress for success: Embedded health sensors in the future soldier","authors":"P. Dhillon, Kristian Tam, Eric Juneau","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0095","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Clothes that remotely monitor the wearer’s heart rate, breathing rate, and other vital signs are becoming more available and reliable. The information obtained from these clothes could help military forces create more realistic and stressful training scenarios to better prepare soldiers for combat. It could also provide valuable information to medical personnel about wounded soldiers to help save lives. This study confirmed this type of garment was reliable and functional, and obtained accurate data when used in a military field training exercise by a reserve medical unit of the Canadian Armed Forces.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"503 1-2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77862639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LAY SUMMARY Previous research suggests hardiness is crucial to military success, as it is protective against combat, training, and occupational stress. However, there is limited research on hardiness within the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). This study explored whether hardiness varied by socio-demographic factors (e.g., age, sex, education, language, income, rank) and examined its relationship with various healthy behaviours (e.g., condom use, healthy eating, physical activity) and risky behaviours (e.g., alcohol use, sedentary activity, smoking) in CAF recruits. Hardiness differed by socio-demographic factors. Furthermore, it was positively associated with healthy behaviours and negatively associated with risky behaviours. The CAF can use these results to promote resiliency strategies to improve hardiness and health behaviours in recruits with low hardiness.
{"title":"An exploratory analysis of hardiness and health behaviours in Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) recruits","authors":"Samantha Carlucci, H. M. Edge","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0068","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Previous research suggests hardiness is crucial to military success, as it is protective against combat, training, and occupational stress. However, there is limited research on hardiness within the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF). This study explored whether hardiness varied by socio-demographic factors (e.g., age, sex, education, language, income, rank) and examined its relationship with various healthy behaviours (e.g., condom use, healthy eating, physical activity) and risky behaviours (e.g., alcohol use, sedentary activity, smoking) in CAF recruits. Hardiness differed by socio-demographic factors. Furthermore, it was positively associated with healthy behaviours and negatively associated with risky behaviours. The CAF can use these results to promote resiliency strategies to improve hardiness and health behaviours in recruits with low hardiness.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87958012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lynne Gouliquer, C. Poulin, Alissa Moore, Hilary Longobardi
LAY SUMMARY Women, BIPOC, and LGBTQIA2S+ people have faced, and continue to face, discrimination in the Canadian Armed Forces. This study examined the Canadian Forces Morale and Welfare Services national website ( https://www.cafconnection.ca/ ) to see how diversity was represented. The authors captured screenshots from the site between November 2020 and April 2021. While images of women, Black, Indigenous, and People of Colour, and LGBTQIA2S+ people were present, the images that showed diversity were usually purchased, generic photos of people, and not representative of military life. In general, the photos maintained a patriarchal status quo largely depicting cisgender male soldiers and heteronormativity.
{"title":"Pictures tell a story: Diversity and inclusion on the National CFMWS website","authors":"Lynne Gouliquer, C. Poulin, Alissa Moore, Hilary Longobardi","doi":"10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0084","url":null,"abstract":"LAY SUMMARY Women, BIPOC, and LGBTQIA2S+ people have faced, and continue to face, discrimination in the Canadian Armed Forces. This study examined the Canadian Forces Morale and Welfare Services national website ( https://www.cafconnection.ca/ ) to see how diversity was represented. The authors captured screenshots from the site between November 2020 and April 2021. While images of women, Black, Indigenous, and People of Colour, and LGBTQIA2S+ people were present, the images that showed diversity were usually purchased, generic photos of people, and not representative of military life. In general, the photos maintained a patriarchal status quo largely depicting cisgender male soldiers and heteronormativity.","PeriodicalId":36411,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86091814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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