A. Müller, R. Prosi, Stewart Taylor, H. Richter, M. Herrmann, Urs Weibel
Osmia (Melanosmia) uncinata Gerstäcker is a Palaearctic megachilid bee distributed from temperate and northern Europe eastwards to the Russian Far East. The discovery of over 80 nests in Switzerland, southern Germany and Scotland enabled for the first time a closer investigation of its nesting biology and prompted the assessment of the species’ phenology, distribution and habitat. O. uncinata nested in self-excavated burrows inside the bark of both living trunks and dead stumps of Pinus sylvestris. The nests were excavated at a height of 10–220 cm above ground either on the underside of prominences of longitudinal bark ribs or inside beetle borings and extended more or less vertically upwards. They consisted of a single straight to slightly curved burrow with rarely one to three side burrows, had a total length of 1.2–12.0 cm and contained 1–6 brood cells. The brood cells, which faced downwards with the larval provisions being located in the upper cell half, were separated from each other by one-layered walls of chewed leaves (“leaf pulp”). The nests were sealed with a plug of 2–4 closely adjacent walls of leaf pulp. DNA metabarcoding of cell and plug walls revealed that Potentilla and Fragaria (Rosaceae) served as leaf pulp sources. Pre-imaginal mortality amounted to 77%, partly caused by brood parasites such as Sapyga similis (Sapygidae) and Cacoxenus indagator (Drosophilidae) or predators such as snakeflies (Raphidioptera). At low elevations, O. uncinata needs one year for its development and overwinters as imago inside the nest, whereas in the subalpine zone of the Alps it has a two-year cycle passing the first winter as prepupa and the second winter as imago. O. uncinata starts to emerge between the end of March at low elevations and the end of May at higher elevations qualifying as an early flying bee like the other European O. (Melanosmia) species. The distribution of O. uncinata in Central Europe and Scotland largely coincides with the occurrence of P. sylvestris. As in the pine, it extends over a wide altitudinal range from below 100 m up to 1900 m a.s.l. and encompasses dry and wet as well as warm and cold habitats including open pine forests, inner and outer forest edges dominated by pine and isolated pine groups. At a few locations in the subalpine zone of the Alps, O. uncinata occurs in the absence of P. sylvestris; here, the thick bark of Larix decidua serves as a substitute nesting substrate.
{"title":"Unique nesting biology of Osmia ( Melanosmia) uncinata, a Palaearctic osmiine bee specialized on thick-barked conifers (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae)","authors":"A. Müller, R. Prosi, Stewart Taylor, H. Richter, M. Herrmann, Urs Weibel","doi":"10.3897/alpento.4.53489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.53489","url":null,"abstract":"Osmia (Melanosmia) uncinata Gerstäcker is a Palaearctic megachilid bee distributed from temperate and northern Europe eastwards to the Russian Far East. The discovery of over 80 nests in Switzerland, southern Germany and Scotland enabled for the first time a closer investigation of its nesting biology and prompted the assessment of the species’ phenology, distribution and habitat. O. uncinata nested in self-excavated burrows inside the bark of both living trunks and dead stumps of Pinus sylvestris. The nests were excavated at a height of 10–220 cm above ground either on the underside of prominences of longitudinal bark ribs or inside beetle borings and extended more or less vertically upwards. They consisted of a single straight to slightly curved burrow with rarely one to three side burrows, had a total length of 1.2–12.0 cm and contained 1–6 brood cells. The brood cells, which faced downwards with the larval provisions being located in the upper cell half, were separated from each other by one-layered walls of chewed leaves (“leaf pulp”). The nests were sealed with a plug of 2–4 closely adjacent walls of leaf pulp. DNA metabarcoding of cell and plug walls revealed that Potentilla and Fragaria (Rosaceae) served as leaf pulp sources. Pre-imaginal mortality amounted to 77%, partly caused by brood parasites such as Sapyga similis (Sapygidae) and Cacoxenus indagator (Drosophilidae) or predators such as snakeflies (Raphidioptera). At low elevations, O. uncinata needs one year for its development and overwinters as imago inside the nest, whereas in the subalpine zone of the Alps it has a two-year cycle passing the first winter as prepupa and the second winter as imago. O. uncinata starts to emerge between the end of March at low elevations and the end of May at higher elevations qualifying as an early flying bee like the other European O. (Melanosmia) species. The distribution of O. uncinata in Central Europe and Scotland largely coincides with the occurrence of P. sylvestris. As in the pine, it extends over a wide altitudinal range from below 100 m up to 1900 m a.s.l. and encompasses dry and wet as well as warm and cold habitats including open pine forests, inner and outer forest edges dominated by pine and isolated pine groups. At a few locations in the subalpine zone of the Alps, O. uncinata occurs in the absence of P. sylvestris; here, the thick bark of Larix decidua serves as a substitute nesting substrate.","PeriodicalId":36427,"journal":{"name":"Alpine Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43735068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first record of Erasmoneura vulnerata Fitch, 1851 in Switzerland is reported. Specimens were collected in 2019 using yellow sticky traps during a Scaphoideus titanus monitoring campaign in vineyards in Ticino (Southern Switzerland). E. vulnerata is a grapevine pest that has recently been introduced to Europe, whose phytophagy causes detrimental damage to grapevine leaves. Its occurrence in this area has likely been favored by the ongoing suspension of insecticide treatments for the control of the S. titanus population, the vector agent of the “Flavescence dorée” phytoplasma in grapevines.
{"title":"First record of Erasmoneura vulnerata Fitch, 1851 (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae) in Switzerland","authors":"A. Rizzoli, R. Battelli, M. Conedera, M. Jermini","doi":"10.3897/alpento.4.53967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.53967","url":null,"abstract":"The first record of Erasmoneura vulnerata Fitch, 1851 in Switzerland is reported. Specimens were collected in 2019 using yellow sticky traps during a Scaphoideus titanus monitoring campaign in vineyards in Ticino (Southern Switzerland). E. vulnerata is a grapevine pest that has recently been introduced to Europe, whose phytophagy causes detrimental damage to grapevine leaves. Its occurrence in this area has likely been favored by the ongoing suspension of insecticide treatments for the control of the S. titanus population, the vector agent of the “Flavescence dorée” phytoplasma in grapevines.","PeriodicalId":36427,"journal":{"name":"Alpine Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47299235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Le réseau écologique Paysage « La Frontière » situé à l’ouest du canton de Vaud est composé de près de 700 surfaces de promotion de la biodiversité (SPB) totalisant plus de 500 ha. Dans ce cadre, plus de 150 ha de nouvelles prairies naturelles, pour la plupart plantées de haies et d’arbres, forment la pièce centrale de l’infrastructure écologique de ce réseau. Elles remplacent des grandes cultures (terres assolées) et ont été mises en place par la méthode de l’enherbement direct (fleurs de foin). Les orthoptères et la mante religieuse (Mantis religiosa) ont été choisis comme bio-indicateurs pour évaluer la richesse spécifique et la vitesse de colonisation de ces nouvelles surfaces. Les relevés orthoptériques ont été effectués, entre 2014 et 2018, sur 33 nouvelles prairies et ont été comparés à 13 prairies naturelles anciennes extensives. En moyenne, le nombre d’espèces par prairie était de 9.3 (dont 1.7 sur la Liste rouge) dans les nouvelles prairies et de 11.5 (2.6) dans les prairies anciennes. Statistiquement, il n’y a aucune différence significative entre les deux types de prairies. Aucune corrélation entre le nombre d’années après la mise en place des nouvelles prairies et le nombre d’espèces recensées par prairie n’a été détectée, indiquant une colonisation rapide des nouvelles prairies. Parmi les espèces d’orthoptères cibles du réseau écologique cantonal, figurant également sur la Liste rouge, six sont présentes dans les prairies anciennes comme dans les nouvelles. Parmi ces dernières,Metrioptera bicoloretEuchorthippus declivusétaient présentes dans près de 60% des prairies. Les résultats montrent l’importance d’une répartition dense de prairies à la fois de bonne qualité (enherbement direct) et exploitée extensivement avec des zones refuges. Ils soulignent également l’importance des prairies anciennes et des aires naturelles protégées comme réservoirs pour la restauration de la biodiversité dans les paysages agricoles.
{"title":"Création de nouvelles prairies dans le réseau écologique « La Frontière » VD et effets sur les orthoptères (Insecta: Orthoptera)","authors":"Stève Breitenmoser, Jean Humbert, Sylvie Viollier","doi":"10.3897/alpento..46308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento..46308","url":null,"abstract":"Le réseau écologique Paysage « La Frontière » situé à l’ouest du canton de Vaud est composé de près de 700 surfaces de promotion de la biodiversité (SPB) totalisant plus de 500 ha. Dans ce cadre, plus de 150 ha de nouvelles prairies naturelles, pour la plupart plantées de haies et d’arbres, forment la pièce centrale de l’infrastructure écologique de ce réseau. Elles remplacent des grandes cultures (terres assolées) et ont été mises en place par la méthode de l’enherbement direct (fleurs de foin). Les orthoptères et la mante religieuse (Mantis religiosa) ont été choisis comme bio-indicateurs pour évaluer la richesse spécifique et la vitesse de colonisation de ces nouvelles surfaces. Les relevés orthoptériques ont été effectués, entre 2014 et 2018, sur 33 nouvelles prairies et ont été comparés à 13 prairies naturelles anciennes extensives. En moyenne, le nombre d’espèces par prairie était de 9.3 (dont 1.7 sur la Liste rouge) dans les nouvelles prairies et de 11.5 (2.6) dans les prairies anciennes. Statistiquement, il n’y a aucune différence significative entre les deux types de prairies. Aucune corrélation entre le nombre d’années après la mise en place des nouvelles prairies et le nombre d’espèces recensées par prairie n’a été détectée, indiquant une colonisation rapide des nouvelles prairies. Parmi les espèces d’orthoptères cibles du réseau écologique cantonal, figurant également sur la Liste rouge, six sont présentes dans les prairies anciennes comme dans les nouvelles. Parmi ces dernières,Metrioptera bicoloretEuchorthippus declivusétaient présentes dans près de 60% des prairies. Les résultats montrent l’importance d’une répartition dense de prairies à la fois de bonne qualité (enherbement direct) et exploitée extensivement avec des zones refuges. Ils soulignent également l’importance des prairies anciennes et des aires naturelles protégées comme réservoirs pour la restauration de la biodiversité dans les paysages agricoles.","PeriodicalId":36427,"journal":{"name":"Alpine Entomology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41954817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arnaud Vallat, C. Monnerat, Sébastien Tschanz-Godio, Laurent Juillerat
Les tourbières des Vallées de la Brévine et des Ponts-de-Martel ont perdu plus de 90% de leur surface au 20e siècle suite à l'exploitation industrielle de la tourbe. Les travaux de revitalisation entrepris entre 1996 et 2018 ont permis d'y augmenter le nombre de plans d'eau de 240 à 341, leur surface passant de 1.3 à 10.1 hectares. Dès 2005, les odonates ont fait l'objet de suivis réguliers dans plusieurs marais. En 2017 et 2018, un suivi exhaustif a permis de recenser 38 espèces. L'ensemble des données récoltées entre 1938 et 2018 concerne ainsi 52 espèces, soit plus des 2/3 de la faune de Suisse. Parmi elles, neuf figurent sur la Liste Rouge nationale. Les espèces inféodées aux hauts-marais profitent des mesures de revitalisation et voient leur nombre augmenter depuis 2005. Leucorrhinia pectoralis s'est ainsi implantée de manière spectaculaire dans 12 hauts-marais sur 15, alors que L. albifrons, l'une des libellules les plus rares de Suisse, se reproduit dans une tourbière ayant fait l'objet d'importantes revitalisations. De même, les découvertes d'Aeshna subarctica et de Ceriagrion tenellum laissent présager leur implantation dans la région d'étude. Fort de ce bilan positif, le canton de Neuchâtel prévoit de poursuivre son programme de revitalisations au moins pour les cinq prochaines années. Parallèlement, seule une gestion coordonnée des différents marais visant à garantir une offre variée en habitats permettra le maintien des espèces les plus exigeantes.
{"title":"Rétablissement des communautés de libellules (Odonata) dans les tourbières du Jura neuchâtelois (Suisse)","authors":"Arnaud Vallat, C. Monnerat, Sébastien Tschanz-Godio, Laurent Juillerat","doi":"10.3897/alpento.4.36290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.36290","url":null,"abstract":"Les tourbières des Vallées de la Brévine et des Ponts-de-Martel ont perdu plus de 90% de leur surface au 20e siècle suite à l'exploitation industrielle de la tourbe. Les travaux de revitalisation entrepris entre 1996 et 2018 ont permis d'y augmenter le nombre de plans d'eau de 240 à 341, leur surface passant de 1.3 à 10.1 hectares. Dès 2005, les odonates ont fait l'objet de suivis réguliers dans plusieurs marais. En 2017 et 2018, un suivi exhaustif a permis de recenser 38 espèces. L'ensemble des données récoltées entre 1938 et 2018 concerne ainsi 52 espèces, soit plus des 2/3 de la faune de Suisse. Parmi elles, neuf figurent sur la Liste Rouge nationale. Les espèces inféodées aux hauts-marais profitent des mesures de revitalisation et voient leur nombre augmenter depuis 2005. Leucorrhinia pectoralis s'est ainsi implantée de manière spectaculaire dans 12 hauts-marais sur 15, alors que L. albifrons, l'une des libellules les plus rares de Suisse, se reproduit dans une tourbière ayant fait l'objet d'importantes revitalisations. De même, les découvertes d'Aeshna subarctica et de Ceriagrion tenellum laissent présager leur implantation dans la région d'étude. Fort de ce bilan positif, le canton de Neuchâtel prévoit de poursuivre son programme de revitalisations au moins pour les cinq prochaines années. Parallèlement, seule une gestion coordonnée des différents marais visant à garantir une offre variée en habitats permettra le maintien des espèces les plus exigeantes.","PeriodicalId":36427,"journal":{"name":"Alpine Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45952954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protokoll der Jahresversammlung der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft vom 1. und 2. März 2019 am Naturmuseum St. Gallen","authors":"M. Borer","doi":"10.3897/alpento.3.48307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.3.48307","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>none</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":36427,"journal":{"name":"Alpine Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47701882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Die Anzahl verlässlich gemeldeter Taxa (Arten und Unterarten) der Curculionoidea aus der Schweiz beträgt momentan 1081. Funde von Orchestes calceatus (Germar, 1821) werden hier erstmals bestätigt. Zusätzliche Verbreitungsdaten von zehn Arten werden gegeben. Der auf subalpine und alpine Lebensräume beschränkte Phyllobius alpinus Stierlin, 1859 ist eine valide Art stat. rev., und kein Synonym zu Ph. xanthocnemus Kiesenwetter, 1852 und wird daher aus der Synonymie herausgenommen. Die Arten werden verglichen und typische Unterscheidungsmerkmale werden aufgeführt.
{"title":"Dritter Nachtrag zur Rüsselkäfer-Fauna der Schweiz (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea)","authors":"C. Germann","doi":"10.3897/alpento.3.37761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.3.37761","url":null,"abstract":"Die Anzahl verlässlich gemeldeter Taxa (Arten und Unterarten) der Curculionoidea aus der Schweiz beträgt momentan 1081. Funde von Orchestes calceatus (Germar, 1821) werden hier erstmals bestätigt. Zusätzliche Verbreitungsdaten von zehn Arten werden gegeben. Der auf subalpine und alpine Lebensräume beschränkte Phyllobius alpinus Stierlin, 1859 ist eine valide Art stat. rev., und kein Synonym zu Ph. xanthocnemus Kiesenwetter, 1852 und wird daher aus der Synonymie herausgenommen. Die Arten werden verglichen und typische Unterscheidungsmerkmale werden aufgeführt.","PeriodicalId":36427,"journal":{"name":"Alpine Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49565252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Balke, R. Ospina-Torres, Y. S. Megna, Marco Laython, L. Hendrich
The Colombian species of the genus Rhantus are reviewed. Rhantus bogotensissp. nov. is described and illustrated, based on specimens collected in the Altiplano of the Bogota region. It is compared with the similar species Rhantus franzi, R. vicinus, and R. crypticus. The Ecuadorian species Rhantus crypticus was found for the first time in the highlands of Nariño department. This is a new record for Colombia. Five species of Rhantus are presently known from Colombia.
{"title":"A new species of Rhantus diving beetles from the wetlands of the City of Bogota and surroundings (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Colymbetinae)","authors":"M. Balke, R. Ospina-Torres, Y. S. Megna, Marco Laython, L. Hendrich","doi":"10.3897/alpento.3.37308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.3.37308","url":null,"abstract":"The Colombian species of the genus Rhantus are reviewed. Rhantus bogotensissp. nov. is described and illustrated, based on specimens collected in the Altiplano of the Bogota region. It is compared with the similar species Rhantus franzi, R. vicinus, and R. crypticus. The Ecuadorian species Rhantus crypticus was found for the first time in the highlands of Nariño department. This is a new record for Colombia. Five species of Rhantus are presently known from Colombia.","PeriodicalId":36427,"journal":{"name":"Alpine Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42515676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Une liste actualisée des espèces suisses appartenant à la superfamille des Cleroidea est présentée et brièvement commentée. La présence de 106 espèces de Biphyllidae (2 espèces), Byturidae (2), Cleridae (18), Melyridae (66), Phloiophilidae (1), Rhadalidae (8) et Trogossitidae (9) est attestée en Suisse sur la base de 18’989 occurrences issues de l’identification de spécimens de musées et de collections privées, ainsi que de la littérature. En parallèle, 37 espèces annoncées de Suisse par le passé sont exclues de la liste car insuffisamment documentées.
{"title":"Liste commentée des Cleroidea (Coleoptera) de Suisse","authors":"Yannick Chittaro, Andreas Sanchez","doi":"10.3897/ALPENTO.3.35994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ALPENTO.3.35994","url":null,"abstract":"Une liste actualisée des espèces suisses appartenant à la superfamille des Cleroidea est présentée et brièvement commentée. La présence de 106 espèces de Biphyllidae (2 espèces), Byturidae (2), Cleridae (18), Melyridae (66), Phloiophilidae (1), Rhadalidae (8) et Trogossitidae (9) est attestée en Suisse sur la base de 18’989 occurrences issues de l’identification de spécimens de musées et de collections privées, ainsi que de la littérature. En parallèle, 37 espèces annoncées de Suisse par le passé sont exclues de la liste car insuffisamment documentées.","PeriodicalId":36427,"journal":{"name":"Alpine Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45023409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Rohner, J. Haenni, Athene Giesen, J. P. Busso, M. Schäfer, Frank Püchel-Wieling, W. Blanckenhorn
Understanding why and how multiple species manage to coexist represents a primary goal of ecological and evolutionary research. This is of particular relevance for communities that depend on resource rich ephemeral habitats that are prone to high intra- and interspecific competition. Black scavenger flies (Diptera: Sepsidae) are common and abundant acalyptrate flies associated with livestock dung decomposition in human-influenced agricultural grasslands worldwide. Several widespread sepsid species with apparently very similar ecological niches coexist in Europe, but despite their ecological role and their use in evolutionary ecological research, our understanding of their ecological niches and spatio-temporal distribution is still rudimentary. To gain a better understanding of their ecology, we here investigate niche partitioning at two temporal scales. First, we monitored the seasonal occurrence, often related to thermal preference, over multiple years and sites in Switzerland that differ in altitude. Secondly, we also investigate fine-scale temporal succession on dairy cow pastures. In accordance with their altitudinal and latitudinal distribution in Europe, some species were common over the entire season with a peak in summer, hence classified as warm-loving, whereas others were primarily present in spring or autumn. Phenological differences thus likely contribute to species coexistence throughout the season. However, the community also showed pronounced species turnover related to cow pat age. Some species colonize particularly fresh dung and are gradually replaced by others. Furthermore, the correlation between co-occurrence and phylogenetic distance of species revealed significant under-dispersion, indicating that more closely related species are frequently recovered at the same location. As a whole, our data suggests temporal niche differentiation of closely related species that likely facilitates the rather high species diversity on Swiss cattle pastures. The underlying mechanisms allowing close relatives to co-occur however require further scrutiny.
{"title":"Temporal niche partitioning of Swiss black scavenger flies in relation to season and substrate age (Diptera, Sepsidae)","authors":"P. Rohner, J. Haenni, Athene Giesen, J. P. Busso, M. Schäfer, Frank Püchel-Wieling, W. Blanckenhorn","doi":"10.3897/ALPENTO.3.28366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ALPENTO.3.28366","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding why and how multiple species manage to coexist represents a primary goal of ecological and evolutionary research. This is of particular relevance for communities that depend on resource rich ephemeral habitats that are prone to high intra- and interspecific competition. Black scavenger flies (Diptera: Sepsidae) are common and abundant acalyptrate flies associated with livestock dung decomposition in human-influenced agricultural grasslands worldwide. Several widespread sepsid species with apparently very similar ecological niches coexist in Europe, but despite their ecological role and their use in evolutionary ecological research, our understanding of their ecological niches and spatio-temporal distribution is still rudimentary. To gain a better understanding of their ecology, we here investigate niche partitioning at two temporal scales. First, we monitored the seasonal occurrence, often related to thermal preference, over multiple years and sites in Switzerland that differ in altitude. Secondly, we also investigate fine-scale temporal succession on dairy cow pastures. In accordance with their altitudinal and latitudinal distribution in Europe, some species were common over the entire season with a peak in summer, hence classified as warm-loving, whereas others were primarily present in spring or autumn. Phenological differences thus likely contribute to species coexistence throughout the season. However, the community also showed pronounced species turnover related to cow pat age. Some species colonize particularly fresh dung and are gradually replaced by others. Furthermore, the correlation between co-occurrence and phylogenetic distance of species revealed significant under-dispersion, indicating that more closely related species are frequently recovered at the same location. As a whole, our data suggests temporal niche differentiation of closely related species that likely facilitates the rather high species diversity on Swiss cattle pastures. The underlying mechanisms allowing close relatives to co-occur however require further scrutiny.","PeriodicalId":36427,"journal":{"name":"Alpine Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49231988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three out of the 80 plates of fine line drawings of male terminalia in the book entitled The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark, published by Brill Leiden were misprinted. Here these three plates have been reprinted in the manner that they should have been published originally and provide an accurate representation of the complex male terminalia of AmiotasubtusradiataLeucophengaquinquemaculata and Phorticavariegata. Male terminalia republishing corrigenda
{"title":"The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark: replacing three misprinted plates","authors":"G. Bächli, C. R. Vilela","doi":"10.3897/ALPENTO.3.34518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/ALPENTO.3.34518","url":null,"abstract":"Three out of the 80 plates of fine line drawings of male terminalia in the book entitled The Drosophilidae (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark, published by Brill Leiden were misprinted. Here these three plates have been reprinted in the manner that they should have been published originally and provide an accurate representation of the complex male terminalia of AmiotasubtusradiataLeucophengaquinquemaculata and Phorticavariegata. Male terminalia republishing corrigenda","PeriodicalId":36427,"journal":{"name":"Alpine Entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46757282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：