Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.34172/jech.2023.a-10-1131-2
Z. Rahaei, M. Zare-Bidoki, Faezeh Fotouhi-Ardakani, S. Jambarsang
Introduction: Tooth decay is the most prevalent chronic childhood disease. Fluoride tooth restoration is a common method of controlling tooth decay, but common misconceptions in this area prevent family involvement. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational interventions on the participation of preschool children’s mothers in the fluoride varnish program. Methods: This was an interventional study performed on 176 mothers of preschool children in Yazd in 2020. Participating mothers were randomly selected and divided into intervention and control groups. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability. It included demographic variables and 4 sections of awareness, facilitators, barriers, and behavior. Intervention and control groups completed the questionnaires before and two months after the intervention. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests, as well as repeated measures analysis of variance and the generalized estimating equations model were used for data analyses. Results: The proportion of people who participated in the fluoride varnish program before the study was the same in both intervention and control groups (35.2 and 37.5), but after the intervention, the percentage of people whose children participated in this program was more in the intervention group (88.6 and 51.1, P<0.0001). Conclusion: The findings of this study confirmed the positive effect of the educational intervention on increasing the participation of mothers in the fluoride varnish program. To better cooperate and involve families with oral health programs in schools, thinkers in the field should be fully justified in the program to provide timely training and interventions.
{"title":"Improving the Participation of Preschool Children’s Mothers in Fluoride Varnish Program: An Educational Intervention","authors":"Z. Rahaei, M. Zare-Bidoki, Faezeh Fotouhi-Ardakani, S. Jambarsang","doi":"10.34172/jech.2023.a-10-1131-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jech.2023.a-10-1131-2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tooth decay is the most prevalent chronic childhood disease. Fluoride tooth restoration is a common method of controlling tooth decay, but common misconceptions in this area prevent family involvement. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational interventions on the participation of preschool children’s mothers in the fluoride varnish program. Methods: This was an interventional study performed on 176 mothers of preschool children in Yazd in 2020. Participating mothers were randomly selected and divided into intervention and control groups. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability. It included demographic variables and 4 sections of awareness, facilitators, barriers, and behavior. Intervention and control groups completed the questionnaires before and two months after the intervention. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests, as well as repeated measures analysis of variance and the generalized estimating equations model were used for data analyses. Results: The proportion of people who participated in the fluoride varnish program before the study was the same in both intervention and control groups (35.2 and 37.5), but after the intervention, the percentage of people whose children participated in this program was more in the intervention group (88.6 and 51.1, P<0.0001). Conclusion: The findings of this study confirmed the positive effect of the educational intervention on increasing the participation of mothers in the fluoride varnish program. To better cooperate and involve families with oral health programs in schools, thinkers in the field should be fully justified in the program to provide timely training and interventions.","PeriodicalId":36491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47591009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Nowadays, college students are more accessible and susceptible to being exposed to mixed information than ever, which results in a growing concern about their health problems and medication behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between medication literacy, health literacy, and medication behavior among medical school students. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used to select 1324 undergraduate students from a medical school in China as participants for the questionnaire survey in 2020. After quality control, 1183 valid questionnaires were collected (an effective rate of 89.4%). Descriptive statistics analysis, chi-square test, binary logistic regression analysis, and path analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0. Results: Of the 1183 respondents whose mean age was 19.06, 164 (13.9%) were considered to have good medication literacy, 150 (12.7%) had good health literacy, and 497(42.0%) exhibited good medication behaviors. Lower grades, higher health literacy levels, and higher medication literacy levels were effective in better performance on medication use behavior (P<0.001). Poor self-assessment of health status was correlated with worse medication behavior (P<0.05). it was concluded that medication literacy may be an intermediate variable linking health literacy and medication use behavior. Conclusion: Students in the medical college showed much higher rates of rational medication use when they have medication and health literacy. There was an indirect positive relationship between health literacy and medication behavior through medication literacy (P<0.001). Therefore, health literacy and medication literacy can be an essential part of medication safety education for college students as well as an ideal indicator for educational outcome evaluation.
{"title":"Relationship Between Medication Literacy, Health Literacy, and Medication Behavior Among Medical School Students: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Chengyu An, Yujia Wang, Bojunhao Feng, Jing-bo Zhang, Ruyi Hou, Xincheng Huang, Zhu Zhu, Xinying Sun, Yibo Wu","doi":"10.34172/jech.2023.2214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jech.2023.2214","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nowadays, college students are more accessible and susceptible to being exposed to mixed information than ever, which results in a growing concern about their health problems and medication behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between medication literacy, health literacy, and medication behavior among medical school students. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used to select 1324 undergraduate students from a medical school in China as participants for the questionnaire survey in 2020. After quality control, 1183 valid questionnaires were collected (an effective rate of 89.4%). Descriptive statistics analysis, chi-square test, binary logistic regression analysis, and path analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0. Results: Of the 1183 respondents whose mean age was 19.06, 164 (13.9%) were considered to have good medication literacy, 150 (12.7%) had good health literacy, and 497(42.0%) exhibited good medication behaviors. Lower grades, higher health literacy levels, and higher medication literacy levels were effective in better performance on medication use behavior (P<0.001). Poor self-assessment of health status was correlated with worse medication behavior (P<0.05). it was concluded that medication literacy may be an intermediate variable linking health literacy and medication use behavior. Conclusion: Students in the medical college showed much higher rates of rational medication use when they have medication and health literacy. There was an indirect positive relationship between health literacy and medication behavior through medication literacy (P<0.001). Therefore, health literacy and medication literacy can be an essential part of medication safety education for college students as well as an ideal indicator for educational outcome evaluation.","PeriodicalId":36491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44118350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nahid Kahrizi, K. Basiri, M. Rostami, Athara Najafi, S. Navkhasi
Effective care is possible when the relationship between nurse, patient, and family continues (1). A continuous care model can be applied by a nursing expert who has at least 5 years of work experience and knows the principles of patient education. Nursing should not be limited to the hospital setting, and people should be aware of nursing services in the community before going to the hospital and after being discharged from the hospital (2). Continuous or non-stop care model is a regular and continuous process including four stages of familiarization, sensitization, control, and evaluation in order to establish effective, interactive, and continuous communication between the help-seeker and his family, where the nurse acts as a continuous care agent and service provider in order to recognize the needs and problems of the patient and sensitize the patients to accept continuous health behaviors and helps to maintain recovery and improve their health, reduce and minimize the complications of the disease, and increase the level of satisfaction and quality of life of patients (1). Today, health literacy is one of the basic tools to improve the health level of the society and the quality of providing health care services, which has attracted the attention of policymakers (3). The term health literacy was first used in 1974 at a health education conference that discussed health education as a socio-political issue. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health literacy as cognitive and social skills that determine the motivation and ability of people to obtain, understand, and use health information for promoting and maintaining good health (4). Research indicates that these health service providers (nurses) lack the necessary knowledge, attitude, and skills in the field of health literacy and care for patients with insufficient health literacy and effective communication strategies and methods during training (5). Studies have shown that the limitation of health literacy causes many complications in different health areas, such as lack of access to appropriate health services, forgetting when to see a doctor, poor selfcare, less willingness to receive continuous treatment, low medication compliance, improper use of medications, increased number of consulting the emergency room and re-hospitalization, increased length of the treatment, and increased mortality rate; in fact, low health literacy contributes to health inequalities (6-8). Health literacy is considered a key factor to create effective communication between patients and health professionals (9). Improving health literacy may have outcomes such as increasing the patients’ potential to make informed decisions, reducing health-threatening risks, increasing disease prevention, improving safety, and increasing the quality of life and patient care (7,10). In societies where the level of health literacy is acceptable, people are more cheerful, healthier, and more dynamic, and governments are l
{"title":"The Necessity of Health Literacy in the Nursing Unit for Patient Education and Follow-up","authors":"Nahid Kahrizi, K. Basiri, M. Rostami, Athara Najafi, S. Navkhasi","doi":"10.34172/jech.2023.2218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jech.2023.2218","url":null,"abstract":"Effective care is possible when the relationship between nurse, patient, and family continues (1). A continuous care model can be applied by a nursing expert who has at least 5 years of work experience and knows the principles of patient education. Nursing should not be limited to the hospital setting, and people should be aware of nursing services in the community before going to the hospital and after being discharged from the hospital (2). Continuous or non-stop care model is a regular and continuous process including four stages of familiarization, sensitization, control, and evaluation in order to establish effective, interactive, and continuous communication between the help-seeker and his family, where the nurse acts as a continuous care agent and service provider in order to recognize the needs and problems of the patient and sensitize the patients to accept continuous health behaviors and helps to maintain recovery and improve their health, reduce and minimize the complications of the disease, and increase the level of satisfaction and quality of life of patients (1). Today, health literacy is one of the basic tools to improve the health level of the society and the quality of providing health care services, which has attracted the attention of policymakers (3). The term health literacy was first used in 1974 at a health education conference that discussed health education as a socio-political issue. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health literacy as cognitive and social skills that determine the motivation and ability of people to obtain, understand, and use health information for promoting and maintaining good health (4). Research indicates that these health service providers (nurses) lack the necessary knowledge, attitude, and skills in the field of health literacy and care for patients with insufficient health literacy and effective communication strategies and methods during training (5). Studies have shown that the limitation of health literacy causes many complications in different health areas, such as lack of access to appropriate health services, forgetting when to see a doctor, poor selfcare, less willingness to receive continuous treatment, low medication compliance, improper use of medications, increased number of consulting the emergency room and re-hospitalization, increased length of the treatment, and increased mortality rate; in fact, low health literacy contributes to health inequalities (6-8). Health literacy is considered a key factor to create effective communication between patients and health professionals (9). Improving health literacy may have outcomes such as increasing the patients’ potential to make informed decisions, reducing health-threatening risks, increasing disease prevention, improving safety, and increasing the quality of life and patient care (7,10). In societies where the level of health literacy is acceptable, people are more cheerful, healthier, and more dynamic, and governments are l","PeriodicalId":36491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47947742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahboobe Borhani, Elahe Behdad, A. Mehri, Z. S. Hosseini, Mahin Tatari
Introduction: Traffic accidents are one of the biggest public health challenges. Considering the role of safe behaviors in reducing traffic accidents, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of educational intervention based on protection motivation theory on promoting safe traffic behaviors in male students. Methods: In this study, male students were randomly divided into two control group (n=70) and an intervention group (n=70). After confirming the validity and reliability, a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 63 questions based on the theory of protection motivation was distributed among the students. The students in the intervention group received training for 90 minutes for four weeks. The data were collected in the form of self-report immediately and six months after the intervention and analyzed by the statistical tests of correlation, Chi-square, multiple regression, repeated measures ANOVA, and t tests using SPSS version 19. Results: The structures of protection motivation theory predicted 21% of the variance of safe behaviors. Immediately after the educational intervention, except for the fear construct, the mean scores of other theoretical constructs and students’ safe behaviors were significant between the two groups, but the mean scores were not significant six months after the educational intervention except for perceived self-efficacy, perceived response efficacy, protection motivation of other studied theoretical constructs, and safe behaviors (P>0.05). Conclusion: Considering the influence of several components on the formation of safe traffic behavior, it seems that to promote safe behaviors of students, in addition to designing theory-based training programs, creating supportive infrastructures by policymakers and planners is essential for correct traffic behaviors.
{"title":"The Effect of an Educational Intervention Based on the Theory of Protection Motivation on the Promotion of Safe Traffic Behaviors in Adolescents","authors":"Mahboobe Borhani, Elahe Behdad, A. Mehri, Z. S. Hosseini, Mahin Tatari","doi":"10.34172/jech.2023.1905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jech.2023.1905","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Traffic accidents are one of the biggest public health challenges. Considering the role of safe behaviors in reducing traffic accidents, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of educational intervention based on protection motivation theory on promoting safe traffic behaviors in male students. Methods: In this study, male students were randomly divided into two control group (n=70) and an intervention group (n=70). After confirming the validity and reliability, a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 63 questions based on the theory of protection motivation was distributed among the students. The students in the intervention group received training for 90 minutes for four weeks. The data were collected in the form of self-report immediately and six months after the intervention and analyzed by the statistical tests of correlation, Chi-square, multiple regression, repeated measures ANOVA, and t tests using SPSS version 19. Results: The structures of protection motivation theory predicted 21% of the variance of safe behaviors. Immediately after the educational intervention, except for the fear construct, the mean scores of other theoretical constructs and students’ safe behaviors were significant between the two groups, but the mean scores were not significant six months after the educational intervention except for perceived self-efficacy, perceived response efficacy, protection motivation of other studied theoretical constructs, and safe behaviors (P>0.05). Conclusion: Considering the influence of several components on the formation of safe traffic behavior, it seems that to promote safe behaviors of students, in addition to designing theory-based training programs, creating supportive infrastructures by policymakers and planners is essential for correct traffic behaviors.","PeriodicalId":36491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45291775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masoud Khodaveisi, Soheila Vesali Fallah, R. Amini, Leili Tapak
Background: Adherence to the treatment regimen reduces complications of surgery after heart valve replacement. Educating the patient can improve treatment adherence. This study thus aimed to evaluate the effect of education based on the health belief model (HBM) on treatment adherence in patients with heart valve replacement surgery. Methods: In this quasi-experimental research, a total of 90 patients undergoing valve replacement surgery were studied. The subjects were selected randomly and then divided into an intervention and a control group using the permutation blocks method. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, an HBM- based questionnaire, and a treatment adherence questionnaire during two stages before and one month after the education. Three 60-minute sessions on HBM- based education were held based on a need assessment for the intervention group. The collected data were analyzed using the chi-square test, paired t test, independent t test, and linear regression in SPSS software version 16.0. Results: Most of the patients in the two groups were male, married, and employed, had reading and writing literacy and lived in an urban area. Both groups were similar in terms of demographic data except for marital status, disease history, and familial disease history. The mean scores of knowledge, HBM constructs (e.g., perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, and cues to action), and treatment adherence were greater in the control group than in the intervention group pre-intervention. However, the mean scores of all variables improved in the intervention group, and there were significant differences in the knowledge, all HBM constructs (except for perceived susceptibility and perceived self-efficacy), and medical adherence between the two groups post-intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of HBM-based educational intervention on the patients’ treatment adherence, HBM-based education could be suggested for patients with heart valve replacement surgery.
{"title":"Effect of Education Based on the Health Belief Model on Treatment Adherence in Patients With Heart Valve Replacement Surgery","authors":"Masoud Khodaveisi, Soheila Vesali Fallah, R. Amini, Leili Tapak","doi":"10.34172/jech.2023.1958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jech.2023.1958","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adherence to the treatment regimen reduces complications of surgery after heart valve replacement. Educating the patient can improve treatment adherence. This study thus aimed to evaluate the effect of education based on the health belief model (HBM) on treatment adherence in patients with heart valve replacement surgery. Methods: In this quasi-experimental research, a total of 90 patients undergoing valve replacement surgery were studied. The subjects were selected randomly and then divided into an intervention and a control group using the permutation blocks method. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, an HBM- based questionnaire, and a treatment adherence questionnaire during two stages before and one month after the education. Three 60-minute sessions on HBM- based education were held based on a need assessment for the intervention group. The collected data were analyzed using the chi-square test, paired t test, independent t test, and linear regression in SPSS software version 16.0. Results: Most of the patients in the two groups were male, married, and employed, had reading and writing literacy and lived in an urban area. Both groups were similar in terms of demographic data except for marital status, disease history, and familial disease history. The mean scores of knowledge, HBM constructs (e.g., perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, and cues to action), and treatment adherence were greater in the control group than in the intervention group pre-intervention. However, the mean scores of all variables improved in the intervention group, and there were significant differences in the knowledge, all HBM constructs (except for perceived susceptibility and perceived self-efficacy), and medical adherence between the two groups post-intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the positive effect of HBM-based educational intervention on the patients’ treatment adherence, HBM-based education could be suggested for patients with heart valve replacement surgery.","PeriodicalId":36491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Community Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41354530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, due to the advancement of nutrition, health, and treatment, the human lifespan has become much longer than before, and the number of people who are considered as elderly people is increasing day by day owing to the physiological changes that occur with aging. It is evident that the elderly are more susceptible to diseases than the young. In addition, it has been observed that at least 90% of the elderly are suffering from chronic diseases; however, despite such problems, they need more extensive care (1, 2). Around the world, the number of average trained geriatric doctors per country is very different, and it is seen that in many countries, including Iran geriatrics specialty is still in its early stages (3). Due to the aging of the population and the complexity of the medical care of the elderly, basic geriatric health (GH) training should be received by every doctor while being educated to gain knowledge, skills, and attitudes connected to the elderly (4). Effective GH care management, with an emphasis on the care of healthy and functional elderly patients, is recommended to be used as a comprehensive health screening. Physicians can identify and improve specific problems that are common in the elderly by using simple facilities for assessment and also turn to preventive care and preventive medical management instead of disease intervention (5). A collection of 26 minimum geriatrics competencies was developed by Leipzig et al in 2009 for all graduating medical students, which was approved by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC). These competencies were placed in eight content areas, including medication management, self-care capacity, falls, balance, and gait disorders, hospital care, cognitive and behavioral disorders, unusual manifestations of the disease, health care planning and promotion, and palliative care (6). On top of that, according to the basic framework of AAMC regarding geriatric minimum competencies, six areas of geriatric mental health were recommended by Lehmann et al such as normal aging, mental health assessment, psychopharmacology, delirium, dementia, and depression to teach medical students (7). Instead of confining it to a single GH course, GH can be proposed to medical students in the pre-clinical and clinical courses. Therefore, training can be strengthened and developed through rapid and regular exposure to the core principles which are determining the caring and welfare of older people. The Alpert Medical School of Brown University successfully introduced GH-related learning outcomes in a year-long course for all students as part of a comprehensive curriculum redesign (8). In addition, several researchers advocated and carried out a vertical integration of GH into the curricula. To begin with, a few topics are common in multiple disciplines: late-life depression in psychiatry and delirium and dementia in neurology. Second, this vertical integration may mirror the actual reality of the older po
{"title":"Geriatric Health Is the Missing Link in Medical Education","authors":"A. Salehi, E. Jenabi, Mohamad Hosein Biglarkhani","doi":"10.34172/jech.2023.2015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jech.2023.2015","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, due to the advancement of nutrition, health, and treatment, the human lifespan has become much longer than before, and the number of people who are considered as elderly people is increasing day by day owing to the physiological changes that occur with aging. It is evident that the elderly are more susceptible to diseases than the young. In addition, it has been observed that at least 90% of the elderly are suffering from chronic diseases; however, despite such problems, they need more extensive care (1, 2). Around the world, the number of average trained geriatric doctors per country is very different, and it is seen that in many countries, including Iran geriatrics specialty is still in its early stages (3). Due to the aging of the population and the complexity of the medical care of the elderly, basic geriatric health (GH) training should be received by every doctor while being educated to gain knowledge, skills, and attitudes connected to the elderly (4). Effective GH care management, with an emphasis on the care of healthy and functional elderly patients, is recommended to be used as a comprehensive health screening. Physicians can identify and improve specific problems that are common in the elderly by using simple facilities for assessment and also turn to preventive care and preventive medical management instead of disease intervention (5). A collection of 26 minimum geriatrics competencies was developed by Leipzig et al in 2009 for all graduating medical students, which was approved by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC). These competencies were placed in eight content areas, including medication management, self-care capacity, falls, balance, and gait disorders, hospital care, cognitive and behavioral disorders, unusual manifestations of the disease, health care planning and promotion, and palliative care (6). On top of that, according to the basic framework of AAMC regarding geriatric minimum competencies, six areas of geriatric mental health were recommended by Lehmann et al such as normal aging, mental health assessment, psychopharmacology, delirium, dementia, and depression to teach medical students (7). Instead of confining it to a single GH course, GH can be proposed to medical students in the pre-clinical and clinical courses. Therefore, training can be strengthened and developed through rapid and regular exposure to the core principles which are determining the caring and welfare of older people. The Alpert Medical School of Brown University successfully introduced GH-related learning outcomes in a year-long course for all students as part of a comprehensive curriculum redesign (8). In addition, several researchers advocated and carried out a vertical integration of GH into the curricula. To begin with, a few topics are common in multiple disciplines: late-life depression in psychiatry and delirium and dementia in neurology. Second, this vertical integration may mirror the actual reality of the older po","PeriodicalId":36491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47332003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vicente Llorent-Bedmar, Lucía Torres-Zaragoza, María Navarro-Granados, M. Ballesteros-Moscosio
Background: There is a growing interest in the study of healthy lifestyles due to their innumerable benefits. Several studies have shown that students tend to adopt less healthy lifestyles at the beginning of their university careers. This study explored the perceptions of undergraduate students at the University of Seville, Spain, about their lifestyle habits. Methods: The study design was a descriptive survey, and a specially designed questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1.478 students. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis using SPSS software, version 27. Results: The surveyed students considered that they have healthy lifestyle habits, although with some weaknesses in the development of certain habits, which were exacerbated during exam periods. Men reported better sleep and physical activity habits than women, while women considered their diet to be healthier (P=0.001). It was further found that healthier lifestyle habits depend on the education level of the mother (P=0.001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that it is important to implement educational policies aimed at promoting and advising students on healthy lifestyle habits. Such policies would be especially useful before the start of exam periods when certain habits began to deteriorate.
{"title":"Healthy Lifestyle Habits Among Students at the University of Seville, Spain","authors":"Vicente Llorent-Bedmar, Lucía Torres-Zaragoza, María Navarro-Granados, M. Ballesteros-Moscosio","doi":"10.34172/jech.2022.2016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jech.2022.2016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is a growing interest in the study of healthy lifestyles due to their innumerable benefits. Several studies have shown that students tend to adopt less healthy lifestyles at the beginning of their university careers. This study explored the perceptions of undergraduate students at the University of Seville, Spain, about their lifestyle habits. Methods: The study design was a descriptive survey, and a specially designed questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1.478 students. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis using SPSS software, version 27. Results: The surveyed students considered that they have healthy lifestyle habits, although with some weaknesses in the development of certain habits, which were exacerbated during exam periods. Men reported better sleep and physical activity habits than women, while women considered their diet to be healthier (P=0.001). It was further found that healthier lifestyle habits depend on the education level of the mother (P=0.001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that it is important to implement educational policies aimed at promoting and advising students on healthy lifestyle habits. Such policies would be especially useful before the start of exam periods when certain habits began to deteriorate.","PeriodicalId":36491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48503017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayfer Bayındır Çevik, Pelin Sarıkaya Şeker, Hanifi Dülger, Erhan Şeker
Background: This study aimed to investigate the rational medication use of health students, their health literacy (HL), the associations of these factors with sociodemographic factors, and the contribution of HL to the rational use of medication (RUM). Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study were collected from 1256 health students between February and June 2020 in Turkey, using a Sociodemographic Information Form, the Rational Medication Use Scale, and the Turkish version of the European HL Scale. Results: The sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were not associated with their RUM. HL level was higher in the participants who were using medication regularly, those over the age of 20, and those with good income levels (P<0.05). The participants had a good level of HL (112.11±12.22), and they used medications moderately (38.40±3.83). The total score of HL and the score of understanding dimension of HL were associated with the RUM (P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings provide a way to identify fallacies regarding rational medication use. There should also be continuous development of all dimensions of HL to maintain rational medication use behaviors. The findings obtained in this study provide basic data for educators and educational administrators to better support students with appropriate training programs to increase HL and rational medication use. A well-planned structured education program to provide information should be introduced urgently to raise the awareness of health students about the harmful consequences of irrational medication use.
{"title":"The Effects of Health Literacy and Sociodemographic Characteristics on the Rational Use of Medication in Health Students: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Ayfer Bayındır Çevik, Pelin Sarıkaya Şeker, Hanifi Dülger, Erhan Şeker","doi":"10.34172/jech.2022.1979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jech.2022.1979","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to investigate the rational medication use of health students, their health literacy (HL), the associations of these factors with sociodemographic factors, and the contribution of HL to the rational use of medication (RUM). Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study were collected from 1256 health students between February and June 2020 in Turkey, using a Sociodemographic Information Form, the Rational Medication Use Scale, and the Turkish version of the European HL Scale. Results: The sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were not associated with their RUM. HL level was higher in the participants who were using medication regularly, those over the age of 20, and those with good income levels (P<0.05). The participants had a good level of HL (112.11±12.22), and they used medications moderately (38.40±3.83). The total score of HL and the score of understanding dimension of HL were associated with the RUM (P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings provide a way to identify fallacies regarding rational medication use. There should also be continuous development of all dimensions of HL to maintain rational medication use behaviors. The findings obtained in this study provide basic data for educators and educational administrators to better support students with appropriate training programs to increase HL and rational medication use. A well-planned structured education program to provide information should be introduced urgently to raise the awareness of health students about the harmful consequences of irrational medication use.","PeriodicalId":36491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43508495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mohammadnabizadeh, A. Najafpoor, Mohammad Vahedian-Shahroodi, Vahid Ghavami
Background: Research conducted on oil region workers has shown that numerous ranges of physical stressors together with behavioral patterns can affect the enhancement of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of educational intervention to promote the preventive behaviors of CVD using the Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: The participant of this quasi-experimental study included 228 workers (114 control and 114 experimental cases) working in oil regions. Data were collected through questionnaires containing demographic information, knowledge, and constructs of HBM. The experimental group received an education with WhatsApp. Workers completed the questionnaires before and after the education and the 3-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. Results: The t test analyses showed no significant differences between the control and experimental groups at baseline. The results indicated the changes in outcome variables across time for groups. Except for perceived severity and perceived barriers, there were significant interaction effects between the time and group. A significant correlation was found between behavior and health belief subscales and knowledge, except for perceived severity and cues to action. Conclusion: The findings of this research confirmed the usefulness of the educational intervention based on the HBM and the necessity to apply designed programs to improve preventive behavior adoption. Preventive education with attention to decreasing unhealthy lifestyles must be designed based on the requirements and target group characteristics to prevent CVD risks.
{"title":"Effects of Educational Intervention on Promoting Preventive Behaviors of Cardiovascular Disease Using the Health Belief Model in Oil Regions Workers","authors":"S. Mohammadnabizadeh, A. Najafpoor, Mohammad Vahedian-Shahroodi, Vahid Ghavami","doi":"10.34172/jech.2022.1852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jech.2022.1852","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research conducted on oil region workers has shown that numerous ranges of physical stressors together with behavioral patterns can affect the enhancement of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of educational intervention to promote the preventive behaviors of CVD using the Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: The participant of this quasi-experimental study included 228 workers (114 control and 114 experimental cases) working in oil regions. Data were collected through questionnaires containing demographic information, knowledge, and constructs of HBM. The experimental group received an education with WhatsApp. Workers completed the questionnaires before and after the education and the 3-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. Results: The t test analyses showed no significant differences between the control and experimental groups at baseline. The results indicated the changes in outcome variables across time for groups. Except for perceived severity and perceived barriers, there were significant interaction effects between the time and group. A significant correlation was found between behavior and health belief subscales and knowledge, except for perceived severity and cues to action. Conclusion: The findings of this research confirmed the usefulness of the educational intervention based on the HBM and the necessity to apply designed programs to improve preventive behavior adoption. Preventive education with attention to decreasing unhealthy lifestyles must be designed based on the requirements and target group characteristics to prevent CVD risks.","PeriodicalId":36491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47750662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.34172/jech.2022.a-10-59-5
M. Mirzaei-Alavijeh, B. Karami Matin, Seyyed Nasrollah Hosseini, Negar Karimi, Shima Khashij, Hassan Gharibnavaz, F. Jalilian
Background: Hepatitis B (HB) is one of the important common occupational diseases, and health care workers are one of the most at-risk groups. The current study aimed to investigate the best psycho-social predictors of HB preventive behaviors among nurses by using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Methods: The current research was a cross-sectional study. An anonymous self-reported scale according to the TPB determinants was distributed among 330 nurses in Kermanshah, and 299 (90.6%) questionnaires were returned. Nurses were randomly selected among different teaching hospitals in Kermanshah in 2016. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using Pearson correlation, one-way analysis of variance, independent samples t test, and linear regression tests. Results: The mean score for the HB preventive behaviors was 3.14±1.45 ranging from 1 to 5. The TPB determinants accounted for 21% of the variance in nurses’ HB preventive behaviors. Attitude and perceived behavior control (PBC) were the best determinants of performing HB preventive behaviors. Furthermore, higher education level, gender (female), and family history of HB were effective in the higher score of HB prevention behaviors (P<0.001). Conclusion: In developing programs and policies to prevent HB among nurses in Iran, attitude and PBC should be considered. These findings may guide HB interventions to improve the capacity to seek HB preventive behaviors.
{"title":"Psycho-social Determinants of Hepatitis B Preventive Behaviors Among Nurses","authors":"M. Mirzaei-Alavijeh, B. Karami Matin, Seyyed Nasrollah Hosseini, Negar Karimi, Shima Khashij, Hassan Gharibnavaz, F. Jalilian","doi":"10.34172/jech.2022.a-10-59-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jech.2022.a-10-59-5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis B (HB) is one of the important common occupational diseases, and health care workers are one of the most at-risk groups. The current study aimed to investigate the best psycho-social predictors of HB preventive behaviors among nurses by using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Methods: The current research was a cross-sectional study. An anonymous self-reported scale according to the TPB determinants was distributed among 330 nurses in Kermanshah, and 299 (90.6%) questionnaires were returned. Nurses were randomly selected among different teaching hospitals in Kermanshah in 2016. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using Pearson correlation, one-way analysis of variance, independent samples t test, and linear regression tests. Results: The mean score for the HB preventive behaviors was 3.14±1.45 ranging from 1 to 5. The TPB determinants accounted for 21% of the variance in nurses’ HB preventive behaviors. Attitude and perceived behavior control (PBC) were the best determinants of performing HB preventive behaviors. Furthermore, higher education level, gender (female), and family history of HB were effective in the higher score of HB prevention behaviors (P<0.001). Conclusion: In developing programs and policies to prevent HB among nurses in Iran, attitude and PBC should be considered. These findings may guide HB interventions to improve the capacity to seek HB preventive behaviors.","PeriodicalId":36491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education and Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42374436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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