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A Clinical Evaluation of Adaptive Hearing Aid Compression: Exploring its Impact on the Word Recognition Abilities of Spanish Pediatric Hearing Aid Users 适应性助听器压缩的临床评价:探讨其对西班牙儿童助听器使用者单词识别能力的影响
Pub Date : 2020-05-05 DOI: 10.33552/ojor.2020.02.000542
Dave Gordey, M. Redleaf, Julia L. Kerolus, Margaret Mary Fahey Graf, Marc De Var
As hearing care professionals, we want children with hearing loss to have the best access to sound in their daily environments. This means their amplification must provide good audibility for speech in quiet, and in complex, noisy environments. Traditional pediatric hearing instruments have utilized Wide Dynamic Range Compression (WDRC) hearing aid processing for the management of soft, average, and loud sounds. This was considered important as young children with hearing loss may not have the ability to adjust their hearing aids and control for sounds that may become uncomfortably loud [1]. Using fixed attack and release times, WDRC can manage a broad range of input levels to the hearing aids. Unfortunately, there are limitations with WDRC. Slow acting WDRC may not provide access to quiet sounds, when followed by those that are loud; while fast acting WDRC may cause distortion, giving speech an unnatural quality and the listener perceives the sounds as “noisy” [2].
作为听力保健专家,我们希望有听力损失的孩子在日常环境中有最好的声音。这意味着它们的扩音器必须在安静、复杂、嘈杂的环境中为语音提供良好的可听性。传统的儿童助听器使用宽动态范围压缩(WDRC)助听器处理来管理柔和,平均和响亮的声音。这一点很重要,因为患有听力损失的幼儿可能没有能力调整他们的助听器,也没有能力控制可能变得令人不舒服的大声的声音[1]。使用固定的攻击和释放时间,WDRC可以管理助听器的大范围输入电平。不幸的是,WDRC有其局限性。行动缓慢的WDRC可能无法提供安静的声音,然后是嘈杂的声音;而快速作用的WDRC可能会导致失真,使语音质量不自然,听者认为声音“嘈杂”[2]。
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引用次数: 0
Anxiety and Smoking Behavior of Teenager in Papua, Indonesia 焦虑与青少年吸烟行为在巴布亚,印度尼西亚
Pub Date : 2020-03-11 DOI: 10.33552/ojor.2020.02.000538
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引用次数: 0
Clinical Presentations, Surgical Management and Outcome of Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma 鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤的临床表现、手术处理及预后
Pub Date : 2020-03-02 DOI: 10.33552/ojor.2020.02.000537
Tariq Tatwani
Sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) also known as Schneiderian papilloma is one of the most intriguing pathology of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses [1]. It is a benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the Schneiderian epithelium that lines the nose and paranasal sinuses [2]. Other names for this tumor include epithelial papilloma, Ringertz’s tumour, transitional cell papilloma, villiform cancer and Ewing’s papilloma [3]. It accounts for 70% of all sinonasal papillomas, remaining 30% are either exophyticpapillomas or columnar cell papillomas despite that it is not very common diseases (0.5-4% of all nasal and sinus tumours). However, IP attracts considerable interest because it is locally aggressive, has a high propensity to recur, and is significantly associated with malignant transformation-most frequently to squamous cell carcinoma in about 10-15% cases [4,5].
鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤(IP)又称施耐德乳头状瘤,是鼻腔和副鼻窦最有趣的病理之一。它是一种良性上皮性肿瘤,起源于鼻窦和副鼻窦周围的施耐德上皮。这种肿瘤的其他名称包括上皮乳头状瘤、林格兹瘤、移行细胞乳头状瘤、绒毛状癌和尤因乳头状瘤b[3]。它占所有鼻窦乳头状瘤的70%,其余30%为外生性乳头状瘤或柱状细胞乳头状瘤,尽管它不是很常见的疾病(占所有鼻和鼻窦肿瘤的0.5-4%)。然而,IP引起了相当大的兴趣,因为它是局部侵袭性的,具有很高的复发倾向,并且与恶性转化显著相关-最常见的是鳞状细胞癌,约10-15%的病例[4,5]。
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引用次数: 0
Neck Metastasis from A Papillary Thyroid Cancer with no Detectable Primary Tumor in Thyroid-Case Report and Current State 甲状腺原发肿瘤未检出的乳头状甲状腺癌颈部转移病例报告及现状
Pub Date : 2020-03-02 DOI: 10.33552/ojor.2020.02.000535
A. Chalá
Neck metastasis from a differentiated thyroid cancer with no detectable primary in the thyroid gland is rare, with few cases reported in the literature. Due to this there is no clear consensus about its etiology, treatment or prognosis. A new case in 41-year-old women with a 3cm neck metastasis is presented, she had a cystic metastasis from a papillary thyroid carcinoma with no detectable primary despite a meticulous clinical and imaging inspection. Even after surgery the primary tumor couldn’t be found on the thyroid gland. She had surgery and Iodine therapy. During active surveillance a central neck compartment recurrence was detected requiring surgery. A complete revision of literature shows only 9 cases reported; the theories about its origin are not clear. It seems to have as good prognosis as its counterpart with primary found in the gland.
分化甲状腺癌的颈部转移在甲状腺中没有可检测到的原发灶是罕见的,文献中报道的病例很少。因此,对其病因、治疗和预后尚无明确的共识。我们报告了一例41岁女性颈部3cm转移的新病例,她患有甲状腺乳头状癌的囊性转移,尽管经过细致的临床和影像学检查,仍未发现原发灶。即使在手术后,甲状腺上也找不到原发肿瘤。她接受了手术和碘疗法。在主动监测中发现中央颈间室复发,需要手术治疗。一份完整的文献修订显示只有9例报告;关于其起源的理论尚不清楚。它的预后似乎和在腺体中发现的原发性肿瘤一样好。
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引用次数: 1
Single-Stage Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy, Nasal Surgery and Modified Barbed Soft Palatal Posterior Pillar Flap Palatopharyngoplasty for Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea 单期药物诱导睡眠内窥镜、鼻手术及改良倒刺软腭后柱瓣腭咽成形术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停
Pub Date : 2020-02-13 DOI: 10.33552/ojor.2020.02.000532
Ahmed Elbassiouny
This article reports a case of isolated left sphenoid sinusitis with the presentation of cavernous sinus thrombosis as a complication in a 60 years old diabetic female, we present the case history, significant physical findings, radiological investigations and discuss relevant anatomy, pathogenesis, diagnostic evaluation and treatment. Abstract Objective: To investigate the overall efficacy of a single-stage surgical procedure based on localizing the site of anatomic obstruction with simultaneous combined nasal-palatopharyngeal surgery for the treatment of OSA. Methods: A total of 35 consecutive OSA patients were enrolled in the study. All patients had OSA, were type I Fujita classification, stage 1 or 2 Friedman classification and had nasal septal deviation and inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Intraoperative drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) was performed in all patients. Modified barbed palatopharyngoplasty with septoplasty and reduction of the size of inferior turbinate were used to correct the upper airway abnormalities. Baseline and 6 months postoperative overnight portable polysomnography was performed. Surgical results (Subjective symptoms improvement, reduction of OSA), patient satisfaction, complications were recorded. Surgical success was defined as a reduction of at least 50% in the preoperative apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and a final AHI of less than 20 per hour. Results: The Surgical success was 89% (31/35) of patients, 26 males, and 9 females. Snoring was improved with a snoring scale reduced from 9.4±2.8 to 1.07±0.3 (p<0.0001). The nasal blockage was improved with the nasal Obstruction Visual Analog Scale from 8.6±1.3 to 0.57±0.2 (p<0.0001). The Epworth Sleepiness score (ESS) was decreased from 8.9±1.3 to 1.11±0.2(p< 0.0001). The pre-operative to post-operative AHI statistically improved from 38.4±23.3 to 12.3±21.1 (p <0.0001) and lowest O2 saturation from 73.9±12.6% to 87.8±9.4%(p<0.001). There were no significant complications. All patients were satisfied with the single-stage treatment. Conclusion: Our data indicate that Single-staged modified barbed soft palatal posterior pillar flap palatopharyngoplasty with nasal surgery is a safe, effective. It has the potential to serve as an effective alternative for the staged surgery without adding to the cost-effectiveness in terms of total hospitalization.
本文报告一位60岁女性糖尿病患者,因孤立性左侧蝶窦炎合并海绵窦血栓形成的病例,报告其病史、重要的物理表现、影像学检查,并讨论相关解剖、发病机制、诊断评价和治疗。摘要目的:探讨以解剖性梗阻部位定位为基础的单期手术联合鼻-腭咽联合手术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的总体疗效。方法:连续35例OSA患者入组研究。所有患者均有OSA,为I型Fujita分型,1期或2期Friedman分型,有鼻中隔偏曲和下鼻甲肥大。所有患者均行术中药物诱导睡眠内镜检查。采用改良腭咽成形术联合鼻中隔成形术及缩小下鼻甲大小矫正上呼吸道异常。基线和术后6个月进行夜间便携式多导睡眠描记术。记录手术结果(主观症状改善、OSA减少)、患者满意度、并发症。手术成功的定义是术前呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)降低至少50%,最终AHI每小时低于20。结果:手术成功率89%(31/35),其中男性26例,女性9例。打鼾评分从9.4±2.8降至1.07±0.3 (p<0.0001),打鼾得到改善。鼻塞视觉模拟评分由8.6±1.3改善至0.57±0.2 (p<0.0001)。Epworth困倦评分(ESS)由8.9±1.3降至1.11±0.2(p< 0.0001)。术前与术后AHI由38.4±23.3改善至12.3±21.1 (p< 0.0001),最低血氧饱和度由73.9±12.6%改善至87.8±9.4%(p<0.001)。无明显并发症。所有患者均对单期治疗满意。结论:单期改良带倒刺软腭后柱瓣腭咽成形术是一种安全、有效的鼻手术。它有可能作为分阶段手术的有效替代方案,而不会增加总住院费用的成本效益。
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引用次数: 0
Sphenoid Sinusitis Presenting as Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis in a Diabetic Patient 糖尿病患者蝶窦炎表现为海绵窦血栓形成
Pub Date : 2020-01-28 DOI: 10.33552/ojor.2020.02.000530
Ali Momen
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引用次数: 0
Sphenoid Sinusitis Presenting as Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis in a Diabetic Patient 糖尿病患者蝶窦炎表现为海绵窦血栓形成
Pub Date : 2020-01-28 DOI: 10.33552/ojor.2.1
A. Almomen, M. A. Eid, Abdullah Alshakhs, M. Saeed, Njood Alaboud, F. Habeeb
Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is a very rare and potentially lifethreatening occurrence. Because of its rarity, its true incidence is difficult to establish, but it lies within the range of 2.7% to 8% based on larger series [1-3]. The incidence of isolated fungal disease is even lower. sphenoid sinusitis represents a challenge diagnostically as it does not present in a similar way to inflammation of the other paranasal sinuses, presenting symptoms being generally nonspecific [4].
孤立性蝶窦炎是一种非常罕见且可能危及生命的疾病。由于罕见,其真实发病率难以确定,但根据更大的序列,其发病率在2.7%至8%之间[1-3]。孤立真菌病的发病率甚至更低。蝶窦炎在诊断上是一个挑战,因为它与其他鼻窦炎的表现方式不同,表现出的症状通常是非特异性的。
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引用次数: 0
Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis in Pediatric Populations; a Tertiary Hospital Experience 儿童侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的研究三级医院的经历
Pub Date : 2020-01-21 DOI: 10.33552/ojor.2020.02.000529
Ali Momen
Fungal infection is a well-known and a common cause of sinusitis. Fungal sinusitis is classified into two main categories based on histopathological invasion as: invasive and non-invasive, the invasive form includes acute, chronic, and chronic granulomatous, while the non-invasive include: fungal ball, saprophytic fungal infestation, eosinophilic fungal sinusitis and allergic fungal sinusitis. Usually, Invasive fungal sinusitis is encountered in immunocompromised patients. However, there are many reports which have described these cases with immunocompetent individuals. The purpose of this review article is to summarize our long experience with pediatric patients diagnosed with invasive fungal sinusitis managed at a tertiary referral hospital at King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, KSA and discuss the management and determine the variables that impact the outcome.
真菌感染是众所周知的鼻窦炎的常见原因。真菌性鼻窦炎根据组织病理学侵袭性分为侵袭性和非侵袭性两大类,侵袭性包括急性、慢性和慢性肉芽肿性,非侵袭性包括:真菌球、腐生真菌侵染、嗜酸性真菌鼻窦炎和过敏性真菌鼻窦炎。通常,侵袭性真菌鼻窦炎是在免疫功能低下的患者中遇到的。然而,有许多报告描述了免疫功能正常的个体的这些病例。这篇综述文章的目的是总结我们在沙特阿拉伯达曼法赫德国王专科医院三级转诊医院治疗被诊断为侵袭性真菌鼻窦炎的儿科患者的长期经验,并讨论管理和确定影响结果的变量。
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引用次数: 0
Wonder Spray (HOCL) Kills the Bacteria that Cause Strep Throat and Pneumonia 神奇喷雾(HOCL)杀死导致链球菌性咽喉炎和肺炎的细菌
Pub Date : 2019-11-20 DOI: 10.33552/OJOR.2019.01.000527
J. Burd
This study was performed at Micro Quality Labs, Inc in Burbank California. The organisms were prepared by inoculating the surface of 5% Sheep blood agar plates, incubated at 30 to 35°C for 18 to 24 hours. Following the incubation period, the plates are washed with sterile Serological Saline Solution to harvest the microorganisms used and dilutions with Saline were made, plated on blood agar and incubated at 30 to 35°C for 24-48 hours to determine the concentration. The inoculum level was then adjusted to 108 cfu/ ml for use as a stock suspension. Stock suspensions were well mixed and homogenized at each inoculation interval. The following microorganisms were used in this Kill Time Study to demonstrate the antimicrobial properties of the Wonder Spray against common pathogenic organisms: Microbiologies Kwik-Stik Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 49399, Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619.
这项研究是在加州伯班克的微质量实验室进行的。将5%羊血琼脂板表面接种,30 ~ 35℃孵育18 ~ 24小时。孵育期结束后,用无菌血清学生理盐水冲洗培养皿,收集所用微生物,并用生理盐水稀释,涂于血琼脂上,在30至35℃下孵育24-48小时以测定浓度。然后将接种量调整到108 cfu/ ml作为原液悬浮液。在每个接种间隔,悬浮液混合均匀。杀灭时间研究中使用了以下微生物来证明Wonder Spray对常见致病菌的抗菌性能:微生物:快贴化脓性链球菌ATCC 49399,肺炎链球菌ATCC 49619。
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引用次数: 2
The C-Reactive Protein Response in Βeta-Hemolytic Streptococcal Infections Βeta-Hemolytic链球菌感染中的c反应蛋白反应
Pub Date : 2019-11-19 DOI: 10.33552/ojor.2019.01.000526
E. Năstase
C-reactive protein (CRP) was introduced into medical practice in the 1990s as a rapid orientation test [1]. Some factors that may influence CRP levels are age, sex, weight, cholesterol level, blood pressure, smoking status [1]. The native CRP is composed of 5 identical subunits bound by non-covalent bonds, placed around a central pore, in the characteristic form of “lectin fold”, as a betafolded sheet [2]. It irreversibly dissociates in inflammation into 5 monomers, the monomeric CRP. The native CRP activates the classical complement pathway and it induces apoptosis and phagocytosis. The monomeric CRP plays an important role in chemotaxis and in directing leukocytes to the inflammatory area, delaying apoptosis. The human CRP gene can be found at 1q23.2 on the long arm of chromosome 1, and, to date, there have been no allelic variations or genetic deficiencies discovered for this gene although some polymorphisms have been identified [1]. CRP synthesis starts in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL6, IL1 and TNF alpha [3].
c反应蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)在20世纪90年代作为一种快速定向检测被引入医疗实践[1]。可能影响CRP水平的因素有年龄、性别、体重、胆固醇水平、血压、吸烟状况[1]。天然CRP由5个由非共价键结合的相同亚基组成,以“凝集素折叠”的特征形式放置在中心孔周围,作为一个β折叠片[2]。它在炎症中不可逆地分解成5个单体,即单体CRP。天然CRP激活经典补体途径,诱导细胞凋亡和吞噬。单体CRP在趋化和引导白细胞到炎症区,延缓细胞凋亡中起重要作用。人类CRP基因位于1号染色体长臂上的1q23.2处,尽管已经发现了一些多态性,但迄今为止尚未发现该基因的等位基因变异或遗传缺陷[1]。CRP的合成始于对促炎细胞因子的响应,尤其是il - 6、il - 1和TNF - α[3]。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Online Journal of Otolaryngology and Rhinology
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