Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.1-9
Kelee Ira Burgan Nodque, Cleresa S. Dionela, Fredson H. Huervana, Rex Ferdinand Mallare Traifalgar
Conventional microalgae culture is challenged by issues of light limitation and cell self-shading. This study aims to evaluate the impact of different cultivation modes on the growth and lipid content of Thalassiosira sp. The diatom, Thalassiosira sp., was grown in autotrophic, mixotrophic-suspended, and mixotrophic-biofilm conditions until the stationary phase was reached. After four (4) days of culture, analysis of the cell densities revealed a significant difference between groups, with cell densities of 7.3×105 cells mL-1 for control, 1.1×106 cells mL-1 for mixotrophic-suspended, and 1.9×106 cells mL-1 for mixotrophic-biofilm cultures. Both treatments are significantly higher than the control. However, mixotrophic-biofilm culture achieved the highest cell density among all cultivation modes, 161.81% higher than the control. The specific growth rate (SGR) of Thalassiosira sp. in mixotrophic-biofilm culture was highest among treatments, while the doubling time was significantly highest in the control. Moreover, mixotrophic-biofilm culture attained the highest biomass at 56 mg 100 mL-1. Thalassiosira sp. cultured under mixotrophic-biofilm also recorded the highest lipid content at 9.89%. It is both significantly higher than the control (3.06%) and the mixotrophic-suspended culture (6.15%). The cell density, algal biomass, and lipid content of Thalassiosira sp. under mixotrophic-biofilm culture highlight this culture strategy’s promising potential in improving microalgae growth and lipid content, ridding of light as an indispensable growth factor.
{"title":"THE GROWTH KINETICS AND TOTAL LIPID CONTENT OF Thalassiosira sp. (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) UNDER MIXOTROPHIC CONDITIONS","authors":"Kelee Ira Burgan Nodque, Cleresa S. Dionela, Fredson H. Huervana, Rex Ferdinand Mallare Traifalgar","doi":"10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.1-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.1-9","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional microalgae culture is challenged by issues of light limitation and cell self-shading. This study aims to evaluate the impact of different cultivation modes on the growth and lipid content of Thalassiosira sp. The diatom, Thalassiosira sp., was grown in autotrophic, mixotrophic-suspended, and mixotrophic-biofilm conditions until the stationary phase was reached. After four (4) days of culture, analysis of the cell densities revealed a significant difference between groups, with cell densities of 7.3×105 cells mL-1 for control, 1.1×106 cells mL-1 for mixotrophic-suspended, and 1.9×106 cells mL-1 for mixotrophic-biofilm cultures. Both treatments are significantly higher than the control. However, mixotrophic-biofilm culture achieved the highest cell density among all cultivation modes, 161.81% higher than the control. The specific growth rate (SGR) of Thalassiosira sp. in mixotrophic-biofilm culture was highest among treatments, while the doubling time was significantly highest in the control. Moreover, mixotrophic-biofilm culture attained the highest biomass at 56 mg 100 mL-1. Thalassiosira sp. cultured under mixotrophic-biofilm also recorded the highest lipid content at 9.89%. It is both significantly higher than the control (3.06%) and the mixotrophic-suspended culture (6.15%). The cell density, algal biomass, and lipid content of Thalassiosira sp. under mixotrophic-biofilm culture highlight this culture strategy’s promising potential in improving microalgae growth and lipid content, ridding of light as an indispensable growth factor.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":" 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.45-56
Gabriella Augustine Suleman, W. Widanarni, M. Yuhana, Usamah Afiff
Catfish Clarias sp. is one of the leading commodities in demand and has economic value. Low survival due to cannibalism and disease is a serious problem. To overcome these problems is application of bioflocs and probiotics Bacillus NP5. This study aimed to analyze the appropriate dose of Bacillus NP5 probiotic addition to the biofloc system to improve the health status, growth performance, water quality, and resistance to A. hydrophila. The catfish fry (Clarias sp.) with an average weight of 1.79±0.05 g was used in the experiment for 40 days, reared in tanks with the dimension of 60×30×35 cm3. The experiment applied a completely randomized design (CRD) of five treatments with three replicates, namely KN (negative control), KP (positive control), BFT (biofloc application without probiotic bacteria), BFT4 (biofloc application with Bacillus NP5 104 CFU mL-1), BFT6 (biofloc application with Bacillus NP5 106 CFU mL-1). Treatments tested were challenged with A. hydrophila density 104 CFU mL-1 by immersion, except the negative control. After 40 days of rearing, biofloc and Bacillus NP5 treatments had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on growth performance, immune response, water quality, total bacteria in water and the gut compared to the control treatment (P < 0.05). In addition, total A. hydrophila in liver, kidney and water were lower (P < 0.05) in BFT4 and BFT6 treatments than the control. The conclusion of this study is that the bioflocs supplemented with Bacillus NP5 improved the growth performance, immune response and resistance of catfish to A. hydrophila infection.
{"title":"GROWTH, IMMUNITY, AND RESISTANCE OF CATFISH (Clarias sp.) REARED IN BIOFLOC SYSTEM SUPPLEMENTED WITH Bacillus NP5 AGAINST Aeromonas hydrophila INFECTION","authors":"Gabriella Augustine Suleman, W. Widanarni, M. Yuhana, Usamah Afiff","doi":"10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.45-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.45-56","url":null,"abstract":"Catfish Clarias sp. is one of the leading commodities in demand and has economic value. Low survival due to cannibalism and disease is a serious problem. To overcome these problems is application of bioflocs and probiotics Bacillus NP5. This study aimed to analyze the appropriate dose of Bacillus NP5 probiotic addition to the biofloc system to improve the health status, growth performance, water quality, and resistance to A. hydrophila. The catfish fry (Clarias sp.) with an average weight of 1.79±0.05 g was used in the experiment for 40 days, reared in tanks with the dimension of 60×30×35 cm3. The experiment applied a completely randomized design (CRD) of five treatments with three replicates, namely KN (negative control), KP (positive control), BFT (biofloc application without probiotic bacteria), BFT4 (biofloc application with Bacillus NP5 104 CFU mL-1), BFT6 (biofloc application with Bacillus NP5 106 CFU mL-1). Treatments tested were challenged with A. hydrophila density 104 CFU mL-1 by immersion, except the negative control. After 40 days of rearing, biofloc and Bacillus NP5 treatments had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on growth performance, immune response, water quality, total bacteria in water and the gut compared to the control treatment (P < 0.05). In addition, total A. hydrophila in liver, kidney and water were lower (P < 0.05) in BFT4 and BFT6 treatments than the control. The conclusion of this study is that the bioflocs supplemented with Bacillus NP5 improved the growth performance, immune response and resistance of catfish to A. hydrophila infection.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141676620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.57-73
M. Fahrur, Dody Dharmawan Trijuno, Zainuddin Zainuddin, Muh Chaidir Undu, M. Makmur, I. Taukhid, R. Syah
This research was conducted to assess the impact of salinity on the growth performance of Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic Forsk) in a low salinity aquaponic system. Furthermore, the role of water spinach in using N and P nutrients from the culture media of vannamei shrimp was analyzed. The experiment was carried out for 35 days, with two treatments at 5 and 10 ppt and the growth performance of shrimp and water spinach was affected by salinity. Shrimp reared at 10 ppt exhibited higher growth rate, harvest size, and shrimp yield, along with lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) and water use compared to those reared at 5 ppt. Meanwhile, the performance of water spinach at 5 ppt salinity resulted in higher survival, plant height gain, root length gain, number of leaves, and yield of water spinach compared to 10 ppt salinity. The growth performance of water spinach decreased with increasing salinity and the efficiency in reducing N and P from the 5 ppt culture media was 1.3 times higher than 10 ppt. Water spinach showed better results in the 5 ppt salinity media than 10 ppt, while vannamei shrimp grew at 5 ppt. Therefore, 5 ppt salinity was recommended as a suitable condition for integrated cultivation of vannamei shrimp and water spinach in low-salinity aquaponics. Both species were compatible and complemented the role of each other in developing low-salinity aquaponics.
{"title":"AQUAPONICS OF VANNAMEI SHRIMP (LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI) AND WATER SPINACH (IPOMOEA AQUATIC FORSK) AT LOW SALINITY","authors":"M. Fahrur, Dody Dharmawan Trijuno, Zainuddin Zainuddin, Muh Chaidir Undu, M. Makmur, I. Taukhid, R. Syah","doi":"10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.57-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.57-73","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted to assess the impact of salinity on the growth performance of Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic Forsk) in a low salinity aquaponic system. Furthermore, the role of water spinach in using N and P nutrients from the culture media of vannamei shrimp was analyzed. The experiment was carried out for 35 days, with two treatments at 5 and 10 ppt and the growth performance of shrimp and water spinach was affected by salinity. Shrimp reared at 10 ppt exhibited higher growth rate, harvest size, and shrimp yield, along with lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) and water use compared to those reared at 5 ppt. Meanwhile, the performance of water spinach at 5 ppt salinity resulted in higher survival, plant height gain, root length gain, number of leaves, and yield of water spinach compared to 10 ppt salinity. The growth performance of water spinach decreased with increasing salinity and the efficiency in reducing N and P from the 5 ppt culture media was 1.3 times higher than 10 ppt. Water spinach showed better results in the 5 ppt salinity media than 10 ppt, while vannamei shrimp grew at 5 ppt. Therefore, 5 ppt salinity was recommended as a suitable condition for integrated cultivation of vannamei shrimp and water spinach in low-salinity aquaponics. Both species were compatible and complemented the role of each other in developing low-salinity aquaponics.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141674377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.87-98
Mira Mawardi, Agustin Indrawati, A. Lusiastuti, I. W. T. Wibawan
Lactococcus garvieae is a gram-positive ovoid cocci bacterium that was previously included in the genus Lactococcus. The aim of this study was to isolate Lactococcus garvieae from the rearing pond water of catfish. The water is reddish and does not smell fishy and rotten. Lactococcus garvieae was identified and characterized by phenotypic and genotypic observation, analysis of genomic %G~C content, cell surface hydrophobicity assays, acidification test, in vitro antagonism, and antimicrobial activities profile were also performed. The result of molecular identification showed an identity to Lactococcus garvieae with the accession number MT597595.1. Biochemical characterization was performed using API 50 CH kit. The genomics %G~C content of Lactococcus garvieae was 51.8. Based on the acidification test, in vitro antagonism, and bacterial growth in the media with a pH of 4, it is confirmed that Lactococcus garvieae could be able to inhibit Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus iniae, and Edwardsiella ictaluri, except for Edwardsiella tarda. Lactococcus garvieae had the ability to lower the neutral pH of the media to be acidic. The hydrophobic cell surface of Lactococcus garvieae showed an adhesive, hydrophobic, and protein surface cell content that had a compact growth pattern coherent to SAT and MATH positive assay. Antimicrobial activities test using 11 antibiotics showed resistance to Nalidixic acid, and intermediate to Streptomycin and Trimethoprim. Overall, Lactococcus garvieae has the ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and the potential to produce bacteriocin.
{"title":"Lactococcus garvieae: CHARACTERIZATION AND ABILITY TO INHIBIT THE GROWTH OF AQUACULTURE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA","authors":"Mira Mawardi, Agustin Indrawati, A. Lusiastuti, I. W. T. Wibawan","doi":"10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.87-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.87-98","url":null,"abstract":"Lactococcus garvieae is a gram-positive ovoid cocci bacterium that was previously included in the genus Lactococcus. The aim of this study was to isolate Lactococcus garvieae from the rearing pond water of catfish. The water is reddish and does not smell fishy and rotten. Lactococcus garvieae was identified and characterized by phenotypic and genotypic observation, analysis of genomic %G~C content, cell surface hydrophobicity assays, acidification test, in vitro antagonism, and antimicrobial activities profile were also performed. The result of molecular identification showed an identity to Lactococcus garvieae with the accession number MT597595.1. Biochemical characterization was performed using API 50 CH kit. The genomics %G~C content of Lactococcus garvieae was 51.8. Based on the acidification test, in vitro antagonism, and bacterial growth in the media with a pH of 4, it is confirmed that Lactococcus garvieae could be able to inhibit Aeromonas hydrophila, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus iniae, and Edwardsiella ictaluri, except for Edwardsiella tarda. Lactococcus garvieae had the ability to lower the neutral pH of the media to be acidic. The hydrophobic cell surface of Lactococcus garvieae showed an adhesive, hydrophobic, and protein surface cell content that had a compact growth pattern coherent to SAT and MATH positive assay. Antimicrobial activities test using 11 antibiotics showed resistance to Nalidixic acid, and intermediate to Streptomycin and Trimethoprim. Overall, Lactococcus garvieae has the ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and the potential to produce bacteriocin.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141674331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.35-44
Nia Oktavia, V. A. Prakoso, Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal, O. Z. Arifin, J. Subagja, Kurniawan Kurniawan, Aliati Iswantari, I. I. Kusmini, Deni Irawan, W. Cahyanti, D. Radona, F. P. Putri, Ofan Bosman, A. Wibowo, A. Kristanto, R. Gustiano
Tinfoil barb Barbonymus schwanenfeldii is recognized as one of the potential aquaculture commodities in Indonesia. Nonetheless, lack of data on their environmental tolerance causing this issue to become essential to be investigated. The present study was carried out to assess the pH influence on growth and physiological response of juvenile tinfoil barb. Juvenile tinfoil barbs (TL: 5.5 ± 0.8 cm; BW: 2.4 ± 1.0 g) were treated with four pH level treatments (5, 6, 7, and 8) and three replications with the stocking density of 10 fish each aquarium. Fish were kept for 21 days and fed with commercial fish feed. In this study, pH 8 exposure resulted to lower growth of juvenile tinfoil barb compared to pH treatment 5 to 7 (p<0.05). In terms of survival rate, the results show significantly lower value at pH 8 treatment compared to those of pH 6 and 7 treatment (p<0.05), while it is not significantly different with pH 5 treatment (p>0.05). Additionally, this study found the highest value of glucose, cortisol, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) on pH 8 treatment (p<0.05). On the other hand, pH 8 exposure led to the lowest creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and ALP level (p<0.05). In conclusion, the optimal pH for juvenile tinfoil barb rearing ranged around 6-7.
{"title":"GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF TINFOIL BARB (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii Bleeker, 1854) TO pH VARIABILITY","authors":"Nia Oktavia, V. A. Prakoso, Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal, O. Z. Arifin, J. Subagja, Kurniawan Kurniawan, Aliati Iswantari, I. I. Kusmini, Deni Irawan, W. Cahyanti, D. Radona, F. P. Putri, Ofan Bosman, A. Wibowo, A. Kristanto, R. Gustiano","doi":"10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.35-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.35-44","url":null,"abstract":"Tinfoil barb Barbonymus schwanenfeldii is recognized as one of the potential aquaculture commodities in Indonesia. Nonetheless, lack of data on their environmental tolerance causing this issue to become essential to be investigated. The present study was carried out to assess the pH influence on growth and physiological response of juvenile tinfoil barb. Juvenile tinfoil barbs (TL: 5.5 ± 0.8 cm; BW: 2.4 ± 1.0 g) were treated with four pH level treatments (5, 6, 7, and 8) and three replications with the stocking density of 10 fish each aquarium. Fish were kept for 21 days and fed with commercial fish feed. In this study, pH 8 exposure resulted to lower growth of juvenile tinfoil barb compared to pH treatment 5 to 7 (p<0.05). In terms of survival rate, the results show significantly lower value at pH 8 treatment compared to those of pH 6 and 7 treatment (p<0.05), while it is not significantly different with pH 5 treatment (p>0.05). Additionally, this study found the highest value of glucose, cortisol, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) on pH 8 treatment (p<0.05). On the other hand, pH 8 exposure led to the lowest creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and ALP level (p<0.05). In conclusion, the optimal pH for juvenile tinfoil barb rearing ranged around 6-7.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":" 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.25-34
A. Z. Aderolu, Ismail O. Ishola, U. P. Aluta, Boluwatife O. Williams
Seaweeds are becoming vital feed materials due to their high concentration of nutrients and active secondary metabolites. In this context, the brown seaweed Sargassum wightii extract (SWE) was included in Clarias gariepinus diets to investigate its effects on growth rate, nutrient utilization, haemato-biochemical indices, antioxidant activities and immune responses. Four experimental diets with four different levels (control- 0 %, 0.25 %, 0.5 %, and 1.0 %) of SWE were fed to four triplicate groups of C. gariepinus juvenile (mean initial weight 14.50 ± 0.00 g) for 28 days. At the end of the feeding trial, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the growth performance of fish groups fed SWE and the control group. However, there were significant differences (p<0.05) in feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio between the control and SWE groups. Erythrocytes, leukocytes, haemoglobin, lymphocytes, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in fish fed SWE supplemented diets were significantly higher (p<0.05) than control. Notably, the liver function enzyme- Alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher (p<0.05) in fish fed SWE diets when compared to the control group. There was significant variation (p<0.05) in hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities across all diets. It was also observed that TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-β increased significantly in the liver of C. gariepinus fed SWE supplemented diets compared to control. Therefore, these results suggest that inclusion of S. wightii extract in the fish diet, although did not enhance growth performance, could improve the immune status and reduced oxidative stress of C. gariepinus.
海藻因其高浓度的营养物质和活性次生代谢物而成为重要的饲料原料。在此背景下，我们将褐藻马尾藻提取物（SWE）添加到石斑鱼的日粮中，研究其对石斑鱼生长速度、营养利用率、血液生化指标、抗氧化活性和免疫反应的影响。用四种不同水平（对照组为 0 %、0.25 %、0.5 % 和 1.0 %）的 SWE 试验日粮饲喂一式三份的四组幼鱼（平均初始体重为 14.50 ± 0.00 g），为期 28 天。在喂养试验结束时，喂养 SWE 的鱼类组与对照组的生长表现没有显著差异（p>0.05）。但是，对照组和 SWE 组之间的饲料转化率和蛋白质效率比存在显著差异（p<0.05）。添加 SWE 日粮的鱼类红细胞、白细胞、血红蛋白、淋巴细胞和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著高于对照组（p<0.05）。值得注意的是，与对照组相比，喂食 SWE 日粮的鱼的肝功能酶--碱性磷酸酶明显升高（p<0.05）。所有日粮的肝脏抗氧化酶活性都有明显差异（p<0.05）。另外还观察到，与对照组相比，添加 SWE 的鱼肝脏中 TNF-α、IL-6 和 IL-β 明显增加。因此，这些结果表明，在鱼类日粮中添加 S. wightii 提取物虽然不能提高鱼类的生长性能，但可以改善 C. gariepinus 的免疫状态并减少氧化应激。
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF SARGUSSUM WIGHTII EXTRACT ON CLARIAS GARIEPINUS PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES","authors":"A. Z. Aderolu, Ismail O. Ishola, U. P. Aluta, Boluwatife O. Williams","doi":"10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.25-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.25-34","url":null,"abstract":"Seaweeds are becoming vital feed materials due to their high concentration of nutrients and active secondary metabolites. In this context, the brown seaweed Sargassum wightii extract (SWE) was included in Clarias gariepinus diets to investigate its effects on growth rate, nutrient utilization, haemato-biochemical indices, antioxidant activities and immune responses. Four experimental diets with four different levels (control- 0 %, 0.25 %, 0.5 %, and 1.0 %) of SWE were fed to four triplicate groups of C. gariepinus juvenile (mean initial weight 14.50 ± 0.00 g) for 28 days. At the end of the feeding trial, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the growth performance of fish groups fed SWE and the control group. However, there were significant differences (p<0.05) in feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio between the control and SWE groups. Erythrocytes, leukocytes, haemoglobin, lymphocytes, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in fish fed SWE supplemented diets were significantly higher (p<0.05) than control. Notably, the liver function enzyme- Alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher (p<0.05) in fish fed SWE diets when compared to the control group. There was significant variation (p<0.05) in hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities across all diets. It was also observed that TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-β increased significantly in the liver of C. gariepinus fed SWE supplemented diets compared to control. Therefore, these results suggest that inclusion of S. wightii extract in the fish diet, although did not enhance growth performance, could improve the immune status and reduced oxidative stress of C. gariepinus.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141837327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.11-23
The Best Akbar Esa Putra, W. Widanarni, Wahjuningrum Dinamella, Yuhana Munti
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the pathogens in crustaceans that can cause mass death in vannamei shrimp farming. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of administering the commercial herbal supplement Phycurma Aquatic (PA) through feeding at different doses to prevent V. parahaemolyticus infection in vannamei shrimp. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and three replications, which are negative control group, positive control group, and PA at doses of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mL kg-1 feed. Shrimps were reared for 30 days and fed five times a day. On the 31th day, shrimps were challenged with V. parahaemolyticus at a dose of 105 CFU mL-1, except for the negative control group. The results showed that the administration of 5.0 mL kg-1 of PA in the feed gave the best growth performance (P<0.05) compared to other treatments. The administration of 5.0 mL kg-1 PA in feed also enhanced shrimp health status and significantly increased the total hemocyte count, phagocytic activity, respiratory burst, and phenoloxidase. Furthermore, the administration of PA also increased antioxidant activity, reduced malondialdehyde levels, decreased V. parahaemolyticus population in the intestine, and reduced hepatopancreas tissue damage. Moreover, the survival rate of vannamei shrimp before and after the challenge test in the treatment group with a dose of 5.0 mL kg-1 of PA was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to other treatments.
副溶血性弧菌是甲壳类动物的病原体之一，可导致凡纳滨对虾养殖中的大量死亡。本研究旨在评估通过投喂不同剂量的商业草药补充剂 Phycurma Aquatic（PA）来预防凡纳滨对虾感染副溶血性弧菌的效果。该研究采用了完全随机设计（CRD），包括五个处理和三次重复，即阴性对照组、阳性对照组和剂量为 2.5、5.0 和 7.5 mL kg-1 饲料的 PA。对虾饲养 30 天，每天投喂五次饲料。第 31 天，除阴性对照组外，用剂量为 105 CFU mL-1 的副溶血性弧菌挑战对虾。结果表明，与其他处理相比，在饲料中添加 5.0 mL kg-1 的 PA 可使对虾获得最佳生长性能（P<0.05）。在饲料中添加 5.0 mL kg-1 PA 还能改善对虾的健康状况，显著增加血细胞总数、吞噬活性、呼吸爆发和酚氧化酶。此外，添加 PA 还能提高抗氧化活性，降低丙二醛水平，减少肠道中副溶血性弧菌的数量，减轻肝胰脏组织损伤。此外，与其他处理相比，剂量为 5.0 mL kg-1 PA 的处理组在挑战试验前后的凡纳滨对虾存活率明显更高（P<0.05）。
{"title":"COMMERCIAL HERBAL ADMINISTRATION FOR PREVENTING Vibrio parahaemolyticus INFECTION IN VANNAMEI SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei)","authors":"The Best Akbar Esa Putra, W. Widanarni, Wahjuningrum Dinamella, Yuhana Munti","doi":"10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.11-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.11-23","url":null,"abstract":"Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the pathogens in crustaceans that can cause mass death in vannamei shrimp farming. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of administering the commercial herbal supplement Phycurma Aquatic (PA) through feeding at different doses to prevent V. parahaemolyticus infection in vannamei shrimp. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and three replications, which are negative control group, positive control group, and PA at doses of 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mL kg-1 feed. Shrimps were reared for 30 days and fed five times a day. On the 31th day, shrimps were challenged with V. parahaemolyticus at a dose of 105 CFU mL-1, except for the negative control group. The results showed that the administration of 5.0 mL kg-1 of PA in the feed gave the best growth performance (P<0.05) compared to other treatments. The administration of 5.0 mL kg-1 PA in feed also enhanced shrimp health status and significantly increased the total hemocyte count, phagocytic activity, respiratory burst, and phenoloxidase. Furthermore, the administration of PA also increased antioxidant activity, reduced malondialdehyde levels, decreased V. parahaemolyticus population in the intestine, and reduced hepatopancreas tissue damage. Moreover, the survival rate of vannamei shrimp before and after the challenge test in the treatment group with a dose of 5.0 mL kg-1 of PA was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to other treatments.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141676723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.75-85
W. A. Gemilang, U. J. Wisha, G. A. Rahmawan, K. Ondara, R. Dhiauddin
[Land Suitability Modeling for Fishery Resource Enhancement in the Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatera, Indonesia: GIS and Multi-Criteria Evaluation Approaches] Land suitability analysis is required for successful aquaculture planning. Due to the geographical setting of the Padang Pariaman Regency, aquaculture development is likely hindered by the vulnerable coastal area. Suitability assessment of aquaculture projects is crucial to specify the best method espousing sustainable development in the study area. This study aims to select the most proper location to be developed as a center of shrimp aquaculture in the Padang Pariaman Regency. This study employed the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approaches. This study combined the GIS-based analysis, AHP, and MCDM to yield the most proper location for aquaculture development. The three sub-models (engineering, water quality, and infrastructure) are overlaid using the weighted linear combination (WLC) technique. The infrastructure sub-model resulted in the highest coverage of highly suitable criteria with 61.74%. By contrast, the highest percentage of the unsuitable category was found in the water quality sub-model with 17.67%. Of particular concern, 87.5 % of the study area is suitable for aquaculture development. The remaining region is categorized as highly suitable with 11.93%, found in the eastern Padang Pariaman. Thus, we conclude that developing shrimp aquaculture in the study area is possible. Still, the future environmental impacts should be considered beforehand.
{"title":"LAND SUITABILITY MODELING FOR FISHERY RESOURCE ENHANCEMENT IN THE PADANG PARIAMAN REGENCY, WEST SUMATERA, INDONESIA: GIS AND MULTI-CRITERIA EVALUATION APPROACHES","authors":"W. A. Gemilang, U. J. Wisha, G. A. Rahmawan, K. Ondara, R. Dhiauddin","doi":"10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.75-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.75-85","url":null,"abstract":"[Land Suitability Modeling for Fishery Resource Enhancement in the Padang Pariaman Regency, West Sumatera, Indonesia: GIS and Multi-Criteria Evaluation Approaches] Land suitability analysis is required for successful aquaculture planning. Due to the geographical setting of the Padang Pariaman Regency, aquaculture development is likely hindered by the vulnerable coastal area. Suitability assessment of aquaculture projects is crucial to specify the best method espousing sustainable development in the study area. This study aims to select the most proper location to be developed as a center of shrimp aquaculture in the Padang Pariaman Regency. This study employed the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approaches. This study combined the GIS-based analysis, AHP, and MCDM to yield the most proper location for aquaculture development. The three sub-models (engineering, water quality, and infrastructure) are overlaid using the weighted linear combination (WLC) technique. The infrastructure sub-model resulted in the highest coverage of highly suitable criteria with 61.74%. By contrast, the highest percentage of the unsuitable category was found in the water quality sub-model with 17.67%. Of particular concern, 87.5 % of the study area is suitable for aquaculture development. The remaining region is categorized as highly suitable with 11.93%, found in the eastern Padang Pariaman. Thus, we conclude that developing shrimp aquaculture in the study area is possible. Still, the future environmental impacts should be considered beforehand.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141673313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aquaculture growth is expected to continue to increase until it, intensification of vanamei shrimp culture is one of the best possibilities for increasing aquaculture production. Limited supply, price, and environmental factors are issues in meeting the needs of fish meals in feed. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nucleotides (NT, Nucleoforce AquaTM, Bioiberica, SAU, Spain) as feed additives available commercially in optimizing feed formulations from plant-based ingredients in the production of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A 60-day growth trial was conducted to evaluate five dietary treatments: Basal-1 with 10% fish meal; Basal-2 with 6% fish meal; Diet-1: 10% fish meal+0.1% NT; Diet-2:8% fish meal+0.1% NT and Diet-3: 6% fishmeal+0.1% NT. Results showed that the inclusion of 0.1% nucleotide into the diet formulation has been able to provide good results. Adding nucleotides provides better performance and significantly increases the final biomass, final individual body weight (FBW), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed protein retention, and average daily growth (ADG) (P<0.05) and thermal growth coefficient (TGC). The best results is Diet-1 (10% FMNT treatment) with the best protein content of 37.06% ± 0.15, showed the best performance of growth parameters (ADG, FBW, SR, TGC, PER, and RP) and lowest FCR. The addition of 0.1% nucleotide proves that the functional and nutritional properties of NT have many advantages in increasing the growth rate and more efficient in protein absorption. Therefore, 0.1% NT can be recommended as a supplement in shrimp feed.
{"title":"INCLUSION EFFECT OF NUCLEOTIDE ON GROWTH AND PROTEIN RETENTION IN PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP Litopenaeus vannamei (BOONE, 1931)","authors":"Gestar Rheido, Mugi Mulyono, Amelia Sriwahyuni Lubis","doi":"10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.99-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.19.1.2024.99-109","url":null,"abstract":"Aquaculture growth is expected to continue to increase until it, intensification of vanamei shrimp culture is one of the best possibilities for increasing aquaculture production. Limited supply, price, and environmental factors are issues in meeting the needs of fish meals in feed. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nucleotides (NT, Nucleoforce AquaTM, Bioiberica, SAU, Spain) as feed additives available commercially in optimizing feed formulations from plant-based ingredients in the production of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A 60-day growth trial was conducted to evaluate five dietary treatments: Basal-1 with 10% fish meal; Basal-2 with 6% fish meal; Diet-1: 10% fish meal+0.1% NT; Diet-2:8% fish meal+0.1% NT and Diet-3: 6% fishmeal+0.1% NT. Results showed that the inclusion of 0.1% nucleotide into the diet formulation has been able to provide good results. Adding nucleotides provides better performance and significantly increases the final biomass, final individual body weight (FBW), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed protein retention, and average daily growth (ADG) (P<0.05) and thermal growth coefficient (TGC). The best results is Diet-1 (10% FMNT treatment) with the best protein content of 37.06% ± 0.15, showed the best performance of growth parameters (ADG, FBW, SR, TGC, PER, and RP) and lowest FCR. The addition of 0.1% nucleotide proves that the functional and nutritional properties of NT have many advantages in increasing the growth rate and more efficient in protein absorption. Therefore, 0.1% NT can be recommended as a supplement in shrimp feed.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141676771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.15578/iaj.18.2.2023.105-114
Mira Mawardi, Agustin Indrawati, A. Lusiastuti, W. T. Wibawan
Gram-positive spore bacteria are widely used as probiotics in general sectors. However, there are still limited bacterial isolates as probiotic candidates available from indigenous isolates, especially in aquaculture. This study aimed to obtain potential spore-forming isolates as probiotic candidate for tilapia. Tilapia fish samples were collected from Sukabumi, Ciamis, Serang, and Papua. Bacterial isolates were isolated from the digestive tract of tilapia. Bacteria were identified based on their morphological, molecular characteristics, complete genome composition, and cell surface identification based on hydrophobic properties. In this study, six bacteria were isolated and identified by molecular characteristics using 16S rRNA sequences. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the 9 PP isolate was Priestia megaterium basonym: Bacillus megaterium, CMS 16N isolate was Brevibacillus halotolerans, PPN 10 isolate was Bacillus sp., 3.1 SKBM isolate was Bacillus mycoides, CMS 22 N and SRG32 isolate were Bacillus subtilis. Six bacteria had different phenotypicals, ATGC sequence compositions, and a higher proportion of total G~C sequence composition above 50%. The coherent cell surface hydrophobicity test was positive on the SAT, SA, AA, and compact growth patterns in soft-agar media for 9 PP, CMS 22 N, and SRG32 isolates. From our study, the indigenous spore-forming bacteria isolated from tilapia stomachs are enzymatic bacteria, which have a strong attachment to host tissue and high potential as a probiotic candidate for fish. Various hydrophobicity test results from each isolate indicate that the protein composition in the cell surface is different.
{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF SPORE-FORMING BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) AND THEIR POTENTIAL FOR A PROBIOTIC CANDIDATE","authors":"Mira Mawardi, Agustin Indrawati, A. Lusiastuti, W. T. Wibawan","doi":"10.15578/iaj.18.2.2023.105-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.18.2.2023.105-114","url":null,"abstract":"Gram-positive spore bacteria are widely used as probiotics in general sectors. However, there are still limited bacterial isolates as probiotic candidates available from indigenous isolates, especially in aquaculture. This study aimed to obtain potential spore-forming isolates as probiotic candidate for tilapia. Tilapia fish samples were collected from Sukabumi, Ciamis, Serang, and Papua. Bacterial isolates were isolated from the digestive tract of tilapia. Bacteria were identified based on their morphological, molecular characteristics, complete genome composition, and cell surface identification based on hydrophobic properties. In this study, six bacteria were isolated and identified by molecular characteristics using 16S rRNA sequences. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the 9 PP isolate was Priestia megaterium basonym: Bacillus megaterium, CMS 16N isolate was Brevibacillus halotolerans, PPN 10 isolate was Bacillus sp., 3.1 SKBM isolate was Bacillus mycoides, CMS 22 N and SRG32 isolate were Bacillus subtilis. Six bacteria had different phenotypicals, ATGC sequence compositions, and a higher proportion of total G~C sequence composition above 50%. The coherent cell surface hydrophobicity test was positive on the SAT, SA, AA, and compact growth patterns in soft-agar media for 9 PP, CMS 22 N, and SRG32 isolates. From our study, the indigenous spore-forming bacteria isolated from tilapia stomachs are enzymatic bacteria, which have a strong attachment to host tissue and high potential as a probiotic candidate for fish. Various hydrophobicity test results from each isolate indicate that the protein composition in the cell surface is different.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"117 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138959632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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