The giant freshwater prawn (GFP), Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is one of the largest palaemonids in the world, found in tropical marine, estuarine, and freshwaters, and is among the most commercially cultured crustaceans. According to research, mature males usually develop differences in cheliped morphology, growth characteristics, and agonistic behavior. The identification of such morphotypes is critical for effectively managing and handling prawns. The present study aimed to describe the GFP male population structure in culture ponds (the Yangtze River delta, China). Sixteen morphometric traits and four weight data were measured for each four male morphotype. Principal component and clustering analyses were conducted to investigate the morphological variation among the four morphotypes. The study of relative growth was also employed to estimate the growth patterns of body structures (dependent variables) in relation to the carapace length (independent variable). A detailed description of the cheliped’s macroscopic characteristics that differed among morphotypes was provided, which corroborated with previous studies of the species. The four morphotypes were statistically different regarding the cheliped morphology, size, and morphometric relationships and equations, indicating a considerable variation in growth among the four male morphotypes. The present results contribute to a clear understanding of the population biology of GFP and support future management and broodstock selection activities.
{"title":"Morphological Diversity of Different Male Morphotypes of Giant Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879)","authors":"Salifu Ibrahim, Zhenxiao Zhong, Xu-e Lan, Jinping Luo, Q. Tang, Zhenglong Xia, Shaokui Yi, Guoliang Yang","doi":"10.3390/aquacj3020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/aquacj3020012","url":null,"abstract":"The giant freshwater prawn (GFP), Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is one of the largest palaemonids in the world, found in tropical marine, estuarine, and freshwaters, and is among the most commercially cultured crustaceans. According to research, mature males usually develop differences in cheliped morphology, growth characteristics, and agonistic behavior. The identification of such morphotypes is critical for effectively managing and handling prawns. The present study aimed to describe the GFP male population structure in culture ponds (the Yangtze River delta, China). Sixteen morphometric traits and four weight data were measured for each four male morphotype. Principal component and clustering analyses were conducted to investigate the morphological variation among the four morphotypes. The study of relative growth was also employed to estimate the growth patterns of body structures (dependent variables) in relation to the carapace length (independent variable). A detailed description of the cheliped’s macroscopic characteristics that differed among morphotypes was provided, which corroborated with previous studies of the species. The four morphotypes were statistically different regarding the cheliped morphology, size, and morphometric relationships and equations, indicating a considerable variation in growth among the four male morphotypes. The present results contribute to a clear understanding of the population biology of GFP and support future management and broodstock selection activities.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85619986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
First feeding of many fish larvae depends on live feed. A comparative investigation on the effectiveness of different types of live feed is not available to our knowledge. Hence, we conducted a study to examine the effect of different types and combinations of live feed on the performance (survival rate, total length, body width, body mass, malformation rate) of pikeperch, Sander lucioperca, larvae. From day 0 (onset of exogenous feeding) to day 10, the saltwater rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus, the ciliate Paramecium bursaria, copepods (nauplii and copepodites) from a lake population, and Artemia nauplii were tested. Feeding with B. plicatilis, B. calyciflorus, and P. bursaria resulted in high survival rates of 80% and a homogenous and significant growth (increase in total length of 50% and in body width of 20%). As follow-up feed, copepod nauplii and Artemia nauplii were tested from day 11 to day 20. Copepod nauplii were superior to Artemia nauplii, as larvae fed with copepods showed higher survival rates (67–70% versus 38–47%) and a more homogeneous growth. A switch from seawater live feed to freshwater live feed or vice versa resulted in decreased survival rates. Therefore, a feeding regime consisting of B. calyciflorus or P. bursaria followed by copepods is considered optimal as first feed of pikeperch. The malformation rate was not affected by the tested feeding regimes. To investigate the wider applicability and transferability of these findings, complementary investigations were performed on burbot, Lota lota, and the freshwater whitefish Coregonus atterensis. The feeding regimes used for S. lucioperca larvae were also suitable for Lota lota. Moreover, L. lota could be fed with lake copepods from the onset of exogenous feeding. For C. atterensis, initial feeding with B. plicatilis, B. calyciflorus, or P. bursaria had no positive effects. Feeding with copepods from the onset of exogenous feeding was optimal considering survival rate and growth. Therefore, optimal first feeding regimes are very species specific and should be established for each new species.
{"title":"Suitability of Different Live Feed for First Feeding of Freshwater Fish Larvae","authors":"F. Lahnsteiner, E. Lahnsteiner, Anna Duenser","doi":"10.3390/aquacj3020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/aquacj3020010","url":null,"abstract":"First feeding of many fish larvae depends on live feed. A comparative investigation on the effectiveness of different types of live feed is not available to our knowledge. Hence, we conducted a study to examine the effect of different types and combinations of live feed on the performance (survival rate, total length, body width, body mass, malformation rate) of pikeperch, Sander lucioperca, larvae. From day 0 (onset of exogenous feeding) to day 10, the saltwater rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus, the ciliate Paramecium bursaria, copepods (nauplii and copepodites) from a lake population, and Artemia nauplii were tested. Feeding with B. plicatilis, B. calyciflorus, and P. bursaria resulted in high survival rates of 80% and a homogenous and significant growth (increase in total length of 50% and in body width of 20%). As follow-up feed, copepod nauplii and Artemia nauplii were tested from day 11 to day 20. Copepod nauplii were superior to Artemia nauplii, as larvae fed with copepods showed higher survival rates (67–70% versus 38–47%) and a more homogeneous growth. A switch from seawater live feed to freshwater live feed or vice versa resulted in decreased survival rates. Therefore, a feeding regime consisting of B. calyciflorus or P. bursaria followed by copepods is considered optimal as first feed of pikeperch. The malformation rate was not affected by the tested feeding regimes. To investigate the wider applicability and transferability of these findings, complementary investigations were performed on burbot, Lota lota, and the freshwater whitefish Coregonus atterensis. The feeding regimes used for S. lucioperca larvae were also suitable for Lota lota. Moreover, L. lota could be fed with lake copepods from the onset of exogenous feeding. For C. atterensis, initial feeding with B. plicatilis, B. calyciflorus, or P. bursaria had no positive effects. Feeding with copepods from the onset of exogenous feeding was optimal considering survival rate and growth. Therefore, optimal first feeding regimes are very species specific and should be established for each new species.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81019214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The polychaete Hediste diversicolor is a suitable species for industrial aquaculture; however, cost-effective culture techniques need to be developed for its intensive production. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of worm density and substrate height and their interaction, as well as feeding frequency, on the rearing performance of H. diversicolor. Two trials were conducted. In trial 1, the effects of two substrate heights—6 and 12 cm—and two rearing densities—1000 and 4000 individuals m−2—were assessed in terms of worm growth and biomass production. Worm initial wet weight was 48 mg, and specimens were fed with commercial fish feed during a 70-day assay. The results show no interaction between rearing density and substrate height, and confirm density as a key factor in growth; however, a density of 4000 individuals m−2 results in a significant increase in production (final biomass three times higher for the highest rearing density) without affecting survival. In trial 2, the effect of three levels of feeding frequency—seven days a week; three times a week; and once a week—on growth in individuals of three weight classes—small (25–50 mg); medium (100–150 mg); large (250–350 mg)—was evaluated in a 15-day growing assay. Feeding frequency showed a major influence on the smallest size class, with the best growth indicators obtained at the highest feeding frequency. This study shows that Hediste diversicolor can be reared at a high stocking density to obtain a higher biomass production, and that feeding frequency must be considered as an important factor and adapted to the culture phase.
{"title":"Effects of Rearing Density, Substrate Height, and Feeding Frequency on Growth and Biomass Production of Hediste diversicolor","authors":"I. Rasines, I. Martín, F. Aguado-Giménez","doi":"10.3390/aquacj3020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/aquacj3020011","url":null,"abstract":"The polychaete Hediste diversicolor is a suitable species for industrial aquaculture; however, cost-effective culture techniques need to be developed for its intensive production. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of worm density and substrate height and their interaction, as well as feeding frequency, on the rearing performance of H. diversicolor. Two trials were conducted. In trial 1, the effects of two substrate heights—6 and 12 cm—and two rearing densities—1000 and 4000 individuals m−2—were assessed in terms of worm growth and biomass production. Worm initial wet weight was 48 mg, and specimens were fed with commercial fish feed during a 70-day assay. The results show no interaction between rearing density and substrate height, and confirm density as a key factor in growth; however, a density of 4000 individuals m−2 results in a significant increase in production (final biomass three times higher for the highest rearing density) without affecting survival. In trial 2, the effect of three levels of feeding frequency—seven days a week; three times a week; and once a week—on growth in individuals of three weight classes—small (25–50 mg); medium (100–150 mg); large (250–350 mg)—was evaluated in a 15-day growing assay. Feeding frequency showed a major influence on the smallest size class, with the best growth indicators obtained at the highest feeding frequency. This study shows that Hediste diversicolor can be reared at a high stocking density to obtain a higher biomass production, and that feeding frequency must be considered as an important factor and adapted to the culture phase.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75109227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Likentso Sylvia Shuping, Izanne Susan Human, Jan Frederik Rykers Lues, Arnelia Natalie Paulse
The disposal of treated and untreated sewage near shellfish harvesting areas is a global concern. Discharged sewage may be contaminated with enteric viruses present in human faeces. Bivalve molluscs, in turn, act as vectors for enteric viruses through bioaccumulation and retention of these viruses during the filter-feeding process, resulting in outbreaks of infections due to the consumption of contaminated shellfish. This review was conducted using peer-reviewed articles published from 2012 until September 2022, obtained from online databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct, highlighting the challenges that the shellfish industry is faced with concerning pollutants ending up in the shellfish production areas. Developed countries have made some advancements by upgrading sewage infrastructures, which reduced viral loads in sewage. However, it is difficult to measure the significance of these improvements, as there are no regulations in place which stipulate the permissible limits for viruses. In most developing countries, including South Africa, there is a lack of effective management plans for virus monitoring in shellfish harvesting areas. The findings of this study indicated a need for extensive research on the origin of viruses, their interactions with other organisms within the marine ecosystem, the quantification of viruses within the Saldanha Bay harbour, and the development of virus management plans which currently are non-existent.
{"title":"The Prevalence of Viruses Related to the Production of Mussels and Oysters in Saldanha Bay: A Systematic Review","authors":"Likentso Sylvia Shuping, Izanne Susan Human, Jan Frederik Rykers Lues, Arnelia Natalie Paulse","doi":"10.3390/aquacj3020009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/aquacj3020009","url":null,"abstract":"The disposal of treated and untreated sewage near shellfish harvesting areas is a global concern. Discharged sewage may be contaminated with enteric viruses present in human faeces. Bivalve molluscs, in turn, act as vectors for enteric viruses through bioaccumulation and retention of these viruses during the filter-feeding process, resulting in outbreaks of infections due to the consumption of contaminated shellfish. This review was conducted using peer-reviewed articles published from 2012 until September 2022, obtained from online databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct, highlighting the challenges that the shellfish industry is faced with concerning pollutants ending up in the shellfish production areas. Developed countries have made some advancements by upgrading sewage infrastructures, which reduced viral loads in sewage. However, it is difficult to measure the significance of these improvements, as there are no regulations in place which stipulate the permissible limits for viruses. In most developing countries, including South Africa, there is a lack of effective management plans for virus monitoring in shellfish harvesting areas. The findings of this study indicated a need for extensive research on the origin of viruses, their interactions with other organisms within the marine ecosystem, the quantification of viruses within the Saldanha Bay harbour, and the development of virus management plans which currently are non-existent.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135188670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Abu Baker Siddique, Balaram Mahalder, M. M. Haque, Abu Bashar, M. Hasan, Mobin Hossain Shohan, Md. Mahamudun Naby Talukdar, J. Biswas, A. Ahammad
Embryonic and larval development of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is very vulnerable to climate change. This study was conducted for an assessment of the embryonic and larval development of Nile tilapia in traditional hatchery and re-circulatory thermostatic systems. Daily changes in embryonic and larval development were measured through microscopic observation and image analysis in the laboratory. Climatic data and water quality parameters were measured every day using appropriate devices. Water temperature was varied with room temperature at the traditional hatchery system while it was maintained at 28.50 °C in the re-circulatory thermostatic system. A total of 200 unhatched eggs were stocked in every three trays of both systems. The egg diameters of the gastrula, segmentation, and pharyngula stages were measured at higher (2261.47 ± 81.66 µm, 2646.24 ± 17.98 µm, and 2710.90 ± 16.60 µm) in the re-circulatory thermostatic system than in the traditional hatchery system (2261.07 ± 81.52 µm, 2645.47 ± 18.24 µm, and 2710.01 ± 16.45 µm), respectively. For both systems, egg colors, egg size, black pigments, germinal ring, eye shape, tail, and heartbeat were determined through microscopic observation. Higher hatching and survival rates were found under the re-circulatory thermostatic system (95% and 97%) than under the traditional hatchery system (85% and 81%). About 6 h less hatching time was required under the re-circulatory thermostatic system than under the traditional system. At the end of 30 DAH (Days After Hatching), larval length and weight under the re-circulatory thermostatic system were found to be higher (15.736 ± 0.424 mm and 0.0528 ± 0.004 g) than under the traditional hatchery system (15.518 ± 0.415 mm and 0.050 ± 0.004 g), respectively. Larval growth patterns for both systems were found to have an exponential trend. PCA analysis revealed that two components were identified, one primarily associated with morphometric characteristics and the other with climatic and water quality parameters. These components showed that there were several interrelationships between the morphometric changes and the climatic and water quality parameters. The characteristic changes of larval development under the re-circulatory thermostatic system and the traditional hatchery system were found to be remarkably similar except for some deformities denoted under the traditional hatchery system. The changes of yolk sac, body pigmentation, dorsal and caudal fin shape, eye size, and head length and width were determined from 1 DAH to 30 DAH. After absorbing the yolk sac, ready-made feed was provided. The water temperature was varied from 30.50 °C to 35.50 °C in the traditional hatchery system. The highest air temperature and humidity were 33.87 °C and 69.94% while the lowest were 29.63 °C and 45.62%, respectively, in the traditional hatchery system. There has been no such comprehensive comparative study on hatchery production in Bangladesh, and therefore, further
{"title":"Assessment of Embryonic and Larval Development of Nile Tilapia under the Traditional and Re-Circulatory Thermostatic System in Relation to Climatic and Water Quality Variations","authors":"Mohammad Abu Baker Siddique, Balaram Mahalder, M. M. Haque, Abu Bashar, M. Hasan, Mobin Hossain Shohan, Md. Mahamudun Naby Talukdar, J. Biswas, A. Ahammad","doi":"10.3390/aquacj3020008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/aquacj3020008","url":null,"abstract":"Embryonic and larval development of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is very vulnerable to climate change. This study was conducted for an assessment of the embryonic and larval development of Nile tilapia in traditional hatchery and re-circulatory thermostatic systems. Daily changes in embryonic and larval development were measured through microscopic observation and image analysis in the laboratory. Climatic data and water quality parameters were measured every day using appropriate devices. Water temperature was varied with room temperature at the traditional hatchery system while it was maintained at 28.50 °C in the re-circulatory thermostatic system. A total of 200 unhatched eggs were stocked in every three trays of both systems. The egg diameters of the gastrula, segmentation, and pharyngula stages were measured at higher (2261.47 ± 81.66 µm, 2646.24 ± 17.98 µm, and 2710.90 ± 16.60 µm) in the re-circulatory thermostatic system than in the traditional hatchery system (2261.07 ± 81.52 µm, 2645.47 ± 18.24 µm, and 2710.01 ± 16.45 µm), respectively. For both systems, egg colors, egg size, black pigments, germinal ring, eye shape, tail, and heartbeat were determined through microscopic observation. Higher hatching and survival rates were found under the re-circulatory thermostatic system (95% and 97%) than under the traditional hatchery system (85% and 81%). About 6 h less hatching time was required under the re-circulatory thermostatic system than under the traditional system. At the end of 30 DAH (Days After Hatching), larval length and weight under the re-circulatory thermostatic system were found to be higher (15.736 ± 0.424 mm and 0.0528 ± 0.004 g) than under the traditional hatchery system (15.518 ± 0.415 mm and 0.050 ± 0.004 g), respectively. Larval growth patterns for both systems were found to have an exponential trend. PCA analysis revealed that two components were identified, one primarily associated with morphometric characteristics and the other with climatic and water quality parameters. These components showed that there were several interrelationships between the morphometric changes and the climatic and water quality parameters. The characteristic changes of larval development under the re-circulatory thermostatic system and the traditional hatchery system were found to be remarkably similar except for some deformities denoted under the traditional hatchery system. The changes of yolk sac, body pigmentation, dorsal and caudal fin shape, eye size, and head length and width were determined from 1 DAH to 30 DAH. After absorbing the yolk sac, ready-made feed was provided. The water temperature was varied from 30.50 °C to 35.50 °C in the traditional hatchery system. The highest air temperature and humidity were 33.87 °C and 69.94% while the lowest were 29.63 °C and 45.62%, respectively, in the traditional hatchery system. There has been no such comprehensive comparative study on hatchery production in Bangladesh, and therefore, further","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80369470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Bhujel, Anusha D. Perera, N. Todorović, J. Raj, R. Gonçalves, M. Vasiljevic
Mycotoxins have become a serious issue in the animal feed industry and have also affected the aquaculture industry. Mycotoxins can create serious health problems in aquatic and terrestrial animals, and their presence in agricultural products may result in significant economic losses. To reduce the impact of mycotoxins on Nile tilapia fry, two commercially available products—Organically Modified Clinoptilolite (OMC) and multi-component mycotoxin detoxifying agent (MMDA)—were used in this study. Six diets as treatments (T1 = Control (C); T2 = Control + OMC 2 g/kg (OMC); T3 = Control + MMDA 2 g/kg (MMDA); T4 = AFB1 0.5 mg/kg (AF); T5 = AFB1 0.5 mg/kg + 2 g/kg OMC (AFOMC); T6 = AFB1 0.5 mg/kg + MMDA 2 g/kg (AFMMDA)) with similar crude protein levels (35.75 ± 0.35%) were formulated and fed to Nile tilapia fry (1.97 ± 0.1 g) for a period of 84 days. These fish were housed in 18 aquaria (100 L) at a density of 50 fish/aquarium. The results from this study showed that MMDA significantly (p < 0.05) improved the survival of fish by 16% as compared to the control group. Nevertheless, growth parameters were not affected among the treatments. These results also indicated that protein intake was significantly higher in the control and OMC diet (T2) compared to aflatoxin B1-fed tilapia. The protein efficiency ratio (PER) was significantly higher in the AFMMDA as compared to the control and MMDA. A 14-day bacterial challenge test with Aeromonas hydrophila demonstrated that diets containing MMDA or OMC improved survival when AFB1 was present in the diet. Therefore, the supplementation of feed with MMDA or OMC is recommended to ameliorate the negative effects of AFB1 in Nile Tilapia feeds.
{"title":"Evaluation of an Organically Modified Clinoptilolite (OMC) and a Multi-Component Mycotoxin Detoxifying Agent (MMDA) on Survival, Growth, Feed Utilization and Disease Resistance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fingerlings Fed with Low Aflatoxin","authors":"R. Bhujel, Anusha D. Perera, N. Todorović, J. Raj, R. Gonçalves, M. Vasiljevic","doi":"10.3390/aquacj3010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/aquacj3010007","url":null,"abstract":"Mycotoxins have become a serious issue in the animal feed industry and have also affected the aquaculture industry. Mycotoxins can create serious health problems in aquatic and terrestrial animals, and their presence in agricultural products may result in significant economic losses. To reduce the impact of mycotoxins on Nile tilapia fry, two commercially available products—Organically Modified Clinoptilolite (OMC) and multi-component mycotoxin detoxifying agent (MMDA)—were used in this study. Six diets as treatments (T1 = Control (C); T2 = Control + OMC 2 g/kg (OMC); T3 = Control + MMDA 2 g/kg (MMDA); T4 = AFB1 0.5 mg/kg (AF); T5 = AFB1 0.5 mg/kg + 2 g/kg OMC (AFOMC); T6 = AFB1 0.5 mg/kg + MMDA 2 g/kg (AFMMDA)) with similar crude protein levels (35.75 ± 0.35%) were formulated and fed to Nile tilapia fry (1.97 ± 0.1 g) for a period of 84 days. These fish were housed in 18 aquaria (100 L) at a density of 50 fish/aquarium. The results from this study showed that MMDA significantly (p < 0.05) improved the survival of fish by 16% as compared to the control group. Nevertheless, growth parameters were not affected among the treatments. These results also indicated that protein intake was significantly higher in the control and OMC diet (T2) compared to aflatoxin B1-fed tilapia. The protein efficiency ratio (PER) was significantly higher in the AFMMDA as compared to the control and MMDA. A 14-day bacterial challenge test with Aeromonas hydrophila demonstrated that diets containing MMDA or OMC improved survival when AFB1 was present in the diet. Therefore, the supplementation of feed with MMDA or OMC is recommended to ameliorate the negative effects of AFB1 in Nile Tilapia feeds.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82530158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eduardo De La Cruz-Marín, R. Martínez‐García, J. López-Hernández, Otilio Méndez-Marín, S. C. De la Rosa-García, E. Peña‐Marín, D. Tovar‐Ramírez, C. Sepúlveda-Quiroz, G. M. Pérez-Jiménez, L. D. Jiménez‐Martínez, G. Asencio-Alcudia, C. Álvarez‐González
The effect of adding inulin to balanced diets for tropical gar (Atractosteus tropicus) larvae on growth, survival, digestive enzyme activity, and antioxidant activity was evaluated. The diets were supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5% inulin in addition to a control diet (0% inulin). A total of 1800 larvae of A. tropicus distributed in 18 tanks were used; the larvae were fed five times a day (8:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00, and 18:00) with Artemia nauplii from the absorption of the yolk (from 3–7 days after hatching, DAH) up to 10 DAH, which was mixed with the experimental feeds from 8–11 DAH (co-feeding) and exclusively with the balanced diets from 12 DAH to 21 DAH. Larvae fed the control diet (0% inulin) had the highest growth in weight and length, followed by fish fed the 2.5 and 2.0% inulin inclusions. However, survival showed that the fish fed with the inclusion of 2.5% inulin had the highest percentage (34.7%) compared to the rest of the treatments. On the other hand, the highest digestive enzymatic activities (acid and alkaline proteases, amylase, and lipase) were recorded in the larvae fed with 2 and 2.5% inulin. Likewise, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were higher in larvae fed the control diet with 0% inulin. Supplementation of 2.0% to 2.5% inulin in the diet is recommended for A. tropicus larvae as it improves survival and digestive enzyme activity during this early stage of life.
{"title":"Inulin Supplementation in Diets for Tropical Gar (Atractosteus tropicus) Larvae: Effects on Growth, Survival, and Digestive and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities","authors":"Eduardo De La Cruz-Marín, R. Martínez‐García, J. López-Hernández, Otilio Méndez-Marín, S. C. De la Rosa-García, E. Peña‐Marín, D. Tovar‐Ramírez, C. Sepúlveda-Quiroz, G. M. Pérez-Jiménez, L. D. Jiménez‐Martínez, G. Asencio-Alcudia, C. Álvarez‐González","doi":"10.3390/aquacj3010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/aquacj3010006","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of adding inulin to balanced diets for tropical gar (Atractosteus tropicus) larvae on growth, survival, digestive enzyme activity, and antioxidant activity was evaluated. The diets were supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5% inulin in addition to a control diet (0% inulin). A total of 1800 larvae of A. tropicus distributed in 18 tanks were used; the larvae were fed five times a day (8:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00, and 18:00) with Artemia nauplii from the absorption of the yolk (from 3–7 days after hatching, DAH) up to 10 DAH, which was mixed with the experimental feeds from 8–11 DAH (co-feeding) and exclusively with the balanced diets from 12 DAH to 21 DAH. Larvae fed the control diet (0% inulin) had the highest growth in weight and length, followed by fish fed the 2.5 and 2.0% inulin inclusions. However, survival showed that the fish fed with the inclusion of 2.5% inulin had the highest percentage (34.7%) compared to the rest of the treatments. On the other hand, the highest digestive enzymatic activities (acid and alkaline proteases, amylase, and lipase) were recorded in the larvae fed with 2 and 2.5% inulin. Likewise, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were higher in larvae fed the control diet with 0% inulin. Supplementation of 2.0% to 2.5% inulin in the diet is recommended for A. tropicus larvae as it improves survival and digestive enzyme activity during this early stage of life.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81351488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. T. Giang, Sarah C. Ugalde, V. In, T. Thủy, Tran The Muu, V. T. Huyen, Dang Thi Lua, Tran Thi Nguyet Minh, Trinh Dinh Khuyen, L. Khôi, V. V. Sáng
This is the first study to examine the effect of three different cultivation methods (bottom-tray culture, suspended-tray culture, and beach/bottom culture) on the growth and survival rates of the snout otter clam, Lutraria philippinarum, after 12 months of grow-out cultivation from seed to commercial size. Analyses included weight, survival, shell size, and total fat. Although the results showed limited differences in growth among cultivation methods, survival rates were significantly different among three different culture methods. The bottom-tray cultivation method had the highest survival rate (76.5%), compared with suspended-tray cultivation (31.6%) and beach/bottom cultivation (52.5%). This demonstrates that the most suitable method for commercial snout otter clam farming is cultivation trays placed on the bottom of the substrate. Improving commercial farming of the species will support the development and expansion of aquaculture in Vietnam and elsewhere, while reducing the harvest pressure on wild populations.
{"title":"Effect of Different Culture Methods on Growth and Survival of the Snout Otter Clam, Lutraria philippinarum, in Bai Tu Long Bay, Vietnam","authors":"C. T. Giang, Sarah C. Ugalde, V. In, T. Thủy, Tran The Muu, V. T. Huyen, Dang Thi Lua, Tran Thi Nguyet Minh, Trinh Dinh Khuyen, L. Khôi, V. V. Sáng","doi":"10.3390/aquacj3010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/aquacj3010005","url":null,"abstract":"This is the first study to examine the effect of three different cultivation methods (bottom-tray culture, suspended-tray culture, and beach/bottom culture) on the growth and survival rates of the snout otter clam, Lutraria philippinarum, after 12 months of grow-out cultivation from seed to commercial size. Analyses included weight, survival, shell size, and total fat. Although the results showed limited differences in growth among cultivation methods, survival rates were significantly different among three different culture methods. The bottom-tray cultivation method had the highest survival rate (76.5%), compared with suspended-tray cultivation (31.6%) and beach/bottom cultivation (52.5%). This demonstrates that the most suitable method for commercial snout otter clam farming is cultivation trays placed on the bottom of the substrate. Improving commercial farming of the species will support the development and expansion of aquaculture in Vietnam and elsewhere, while reducing the harvest pressure on wild populations.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76337917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Aguado-Giménez, B. García-García, I. Martín, I. Rasines
Cultivation of the common ragworm—Hediste diversicolor—has attracted a great deal of interest in recent years. Growth optimization is a key aspect for its intensive production. We have assessed the effect of body weight (Bw) and temperature (T) on growth-related parameters in common ragworm using correlation and multiple regression analyses. We used ragworms of 13 different weight classes in 15-day growing assays at 12 different temperature values. These polychaetes were stocked at a density of 1000 individuals m−2, and fed with commercial fish feed. Our results show that growth increases with T; when expressed as an absolute growth rate (AGR), growth increases as Bw increases; and when expressed as a specific growth rate (SGR), growth decreases as Bw increases. A change in the growth pattern was observed from an individual Bw of about 400 mg. Simulations performed with the equations that provided the best fit revealed that optimum T for growth changes with Bw, so that in individuals below 400 mg, optimum T is 24.9 °C, and above this temperature growth decreases. In individuals above 400 mg, growth increases slightly with temperature, but as weight increases, the effect of temperature on growth is less and less, and from a weight of 1050 mg, growth decreases as temperature increases. Mortality increases significantly at temperatures above 22 °C, especially in individuals with a Bw above 400 mg. Simulations of individual growth showed that up to 400 mg growth is quite fast at warmer temperatures, but from 400 mg to 1000 mg, the influence of T on growth rate is not significantly relevant in operational terms. This study demonstrated the huge usefulness of growth modelling for production planning.
{"title":"Influence of Body Weight and Water Temperature on Growth in Ragworm Hediste diversicolor","authors":"F. Aguado-Giménez, B. García-García, I. Martín, I. Rasines","doi":"10.3390/aquacj3010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/aquacj3010004","url":null,"abstract":"Cultivation of the common ragworm—Hediste diversicolor—has attracted a great deal of interest in recent years. Growth optimization is a key aspect for its intensive production. We have assessed the effect of body weight (Bw) and temperature (T) on growth-related parameters in common ragworm using correlation and multiple regression analyses. We used ragworms of 13 different weight classes in 15-day growing assays at 12 different temperature values. These polychaetes were stocked at a density of 1000 individuals m−2, and fed with commercial fish feed. Our results show that growth increases with T; when expressed as an absolute growth rate (AGR), growth increases as Bw increases; and when expressed as a specific growth rate (SGR), growth decreases as Bw increases. A change in the growth pattern was observed from an individual Bw of about 400 mg. Simulations performed with the equations that provided the best fit revealed that optimum T for growth changes with Bw, so that in individuals below 400 mg, optimum T is 24.9 °C, and above this temperature growth decreases. In individuals above 400 mg, growth increases slightly with temperature, but as weight increases, the effect of temperature on growth is less and less, and from a weight of 1050 mg, growth decreases as temperature increases. Mortality increases significantly at temperatures above 22 °C, especially in individuals with a Bw above 400 mg. Simulations of individual growth showed that up to 400 mg growth is quite fast at warmer temperatures, but from 400 mg to 1000 mg, the influence of T on growth rate is not significantly relevant in operational terms. This study demonstrated the huge usefulness of growth modelling for production planning.","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83548421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]
高质量的学术出版建立在严格的同行评审的基础上[…]
{"title":"Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Aquaculture Journal in 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.3390/aquacj3010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/aquacj3010003","url":null,"abstract":"High-quality academic publishing is built on rigorous peer review [...]","PeriodicalId":36566,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Aquaculture Journal","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89674691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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