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The International in Turkish Islamist Thought 土耳其伊斯兰主义思想的国际
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/03058298221122882
Tunahan Yıldız, Zana Çitak
This study examines Islamist understanding of change in the international system by inquiring into the conception of the international in Turkish Islamist tradition. It relies on a discourse analysis of Islamist journals’ entire corpus in Turkey from the 1940s to the 2010s. Its founding premise is that the Islamist prescription of change in the international system revolves around the notion of Pan-Islamism. This study first builds on an examination of the five ideological grounds of Pan-Islamism: dogmatic, historical, conjunctural, pragmatic/practical, and emancipatory. It further discusses the embodiment of Pan-Islamism at its two ends: pluralist/thin and monist/thick visions of Pan-Islamism. The analysis brings forth four main findings: First, notwithstanding its persistent claims to authenticity, the Pan-Islamist proposal is a synthetic conception of the international, combining authentic concepts, e.g. the umma, with such conventional concepts as balance of power, understood primarily in terms of alliances and blocs. Second, it does not purport to a significant questioning of the ordering principles of international relations, notably sovereignty and territoriality. Third, the Pan-Islamist proposal is, for the most part, power- and hegemony-oriented, amid its overinflated normative baggage and self-proclaimed anti-imperialism. Fourth, it mainly offers a change in the international rather than a change of the international, therefore discrediting any emancipatory potential it has claimed.
本研究通过探讨土耳其伊斯兰教传统中的国际概念来考察伊斯兰教对国际体系变化的理解。它依赖于对20世纪40年代至2010年代土耳其伊斯兰期刊全部语料库的话语分析。它的基本前提是,伊斯兰主义者对国际体系变革的处方围绕着泛伊斯兰主义的概念展开。本研究首先建立在对泛伊斯兰主义的五个意识形态基础的考察之上:教条主义、历史主义、结合主义、实用主义/实践主义和解放主义。并进一步探讨了泛伊斯兰主义在其两端的体现:泛伊斯兰主义的多元/薄观和一元/厚观。分析提出了四个主要发现:首先,尽管泛伊斯兰主义的建议坚持其真实性,但它是一个综合的国际概念,将真实的概念(如乌玛)与权力平衡等传统概念(主要从联盟和集团的角度来理解)结合在一起。第二,它并不意味着对国际关系的秩序原则,特别是主权和领土原则提出重大质疑。第三,泛伊斯兰主义的提议在很大程度上是以权力和霸权为导向的,其过度膨胀的规范包袱和自诩的反帝国主义。第四,它主要提供了国际的变化,而不是国际的变化,因此,它所声称的任何解放潜力都是不可信的。
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引用次数: 0
But Where is the Magic? Emotional-relational Humans and their Untold Stories in International Relations 但是魔法在哪里?情感关系人类及其在国际关系中不为人知的故事
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/03058298221128346
Shambhawi Tripathi
The affective turn in International Relations (IR) has been engaged in the critical project of returning the emotional to the international for a while now. Following these efforts to reinvest humanity in politics, this article seeks to investigate if an engagement with emotional humans can provide refuge from, grapple with and ultimately transform a disenchanted world of IR and spell new worlds into existence that place the emotional-relational at the centre of its practice. Drawing on feminist, aesthetic and decolonial scholarship on emotional-relational humans, I argue that such imaginations can open routes to recovery for emotional worlds in the discipline. I introduce magical realist fiction as a genre of literary writing which embraces the magical ability of humans who resist and transform unbearably rational worlds through their emotional relations with each other. Gleaning moments of emotional incantations by humans–in Isabel Allende’s A Long Petal of the Sea, Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children, and Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s Love in the Time of Cholera–which work to transform a world that becomes too difficult to bear for its inhabitants, I contend that IR stands to gain invaluable lessons by immersing itself in the kind of emotional magic that such literature and its resident humans spell into being.
一段时间以来,国际关系中的情感转向一直致力于将情感回归到国际关系中。在这些将人性重新投入政治的努力之后,本文试图探究与情感人类的接触是否能提供庇护,与之搏斗,并最终改变一个不抱幻想的国际关系世界,并将情感关系置于其实践中心的新世界变成现实。借鉴女性主义、美学和非殖民主义关于情感关系人类的学术研究,我认为这种想象可以为该学科的情感世界开辟恢复的道路。我把魔幻现实主义小说作为一种文学写作类型来介绍,它包含了人类通过彼此之间的情感关系来抵抗和改变难以忍受的理性世界的神奇能力。在伊莎贝尔·阿连德的《大海的长花瓣》、萨尔曼·鲁西迪的《午夜的孩子》和加布里埃尔·加西亚·马尔克斯的《霍乱时期的爱》中,人们用情感咒语来改变一个对居民来说难以忍受的世界。我认为,通过沉浸在这种文学和居民所施的情感魔法中,国际关系将获得宝贵的经验。
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引用次数: 1
Race, Merit, and the Moral Economy of International Relations 种族、功绩与国际关系中的道德经济
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/03058298221139329
S. Krishna
International Relations (IR) as a discipline explains the fact of global inequality through a discourse of meritocracy. In the early decades of the discipline, such explanations were explicitly racial, and justified empire and Western dominance on the basis of their innate superiority over the rest of the world. In later and in contemporary times, such racialized explanations for inequality have been replaced by ostensibly merit-based explanations that turn out, on closer examination, to replicate the inner logic and exclusionary claims of earlier ones. The notion of meritocracy has been a key element in the ideological appeal of IR as a discourse to elites and aspiring middle classes central to nation-building efforts in the global South. This latter fact complicates efforts that equate decolonizing the discipline with the promotion of diversity in its membership and the widening of its empirical and theoretical concerns. Central to any notion of a genuinely decolonial IR must be an attack on the very idea of merit as explaining and justifying international and domestic inequality.
国际关系(IR)作为一门学科,通过精英主义的话语来解释全球不平等的事实。在这门学科的最初几十年里,这种解释明显带有种族主义色彩,并以帝国和西方对世界其他地区的先天优越感为基础,为帝国和西方的统治辩护。在后来和当代,这种对不平等的种族化解释已经被表面上基于能力的解释所取代,而仔细研究后发现,这些解释复制了早期解释的内在逻辑和排他性主张。精英统治的概念一直是国际关系意识形态吸引力的一个关键因素,作为对精英和有抱负的中产阶级的话语,是全球南方国家建设努力的核心。后一事实使将该学科非殖民化与促进其成员多样性和扩大其经验和理论关注等同起来的努力复杂化。任何关于真正非殖民化国际关系的概念,其核心都必须是对用功绩来解释和证明国际和国内不平等的观点的攻击。
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引用次数: 0
Interrogating and Broadening the Emerging Narrative on Migration Diplomacy: A Critical Assessment 质疑和拓宽移民外交的新兴叙事:一项关键评估
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/03058298221139589
Juliette Tolay
As a promising field of inquiry to understand the nexus between migration and foreign policy, migration diplomacy is rich with studies focusing on the agency of countries in the global South, highlighting the effect of power asymmetries, as well as the existence of a wide range of migration diplomacy practices. This article proposes to take these important contributions even further by opening the field to a wider range of theoretical and epistemological approaches. In particular, this analysis highlights the ahistorical nature and eurocentrism of the field and the extent to which it is based on an unrooted conception of power asymmetries. It also calls for a stronger critique of the field’s focus on material interests, as well as the implicit prioritization of states’ interests. The article encourages further research based on the historical colonial/imperial positionality of different actors to highlight both past and current, visible and invisible practices of migration diplomacy.
作为了解移民与外交政策之间关系的一个有前途的研究领域,移民外交的研究重点是全球南方国家的代理,突出了权力不对称的影响,以及广泛的移民外交实践的存在。本文建议通过向更广泛的理论和认识论方法开放该领域,进一步发展这些重要贡献。特别是,这一分析突出了该领域的非历史性质和欧洲中心主义,以及它在多大程度上基于一种根深蒂固的权力不对称概念。它还呼吁对该领域对物质利益的关注以及对国家利益的隐含优先级进行更强烈的批评。本文鼓励基于不同参与者的历史殖民/帝国地位的进一步研究,以突出过去和现在,可见和不可见的移民外交实践。
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引用次数: 2
(Re)Writing the International: Interrogating Histories, Imagining Futurities (续)书写国际:追问历史,想象未来
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/03058298231176664
Shruti Balaji, T. Brito, Olivia Nantermoz
1. See for instance Barkawi, Tarak, and George Lawson. “The international origins of social and political theory.” In International origins of social and political theory, vol. 32, pp. 1-7. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2017; Rosenberg, Justin. “International relations in the prison of political science.” International Relations 30, no. 2 (2016): 127-153; Anievas, Alexander, Nivi Manchanda, and Robbie Shilliam. “Confronting the global colour line: An introduction.” In Race and racism in International Relations, pp. 1-15. Routledge, 2014; Owens, Patricia, and Katharina Rietzler, eds. Women’s International Thought: A New History. Cambridge University Press, 2020; Shepherd, Laura J. “Loud voices behind the wall: Gender violence and the violent reproduction of the international.” Millennium 34, no. 2 (2006): 377-401. (Re)Writing the International: Interrogating Histories, Imagining Futurities
1. 比如Barkawi, Tarak和George Lawson。"社会和政治理论的国际起源"《社会与政治理论的国际起源》,第32卷,第1-7页。翡翠出版有限公司,2017;罗森博格,贾斯汀。"政治学监狱中的国际关系"国际关系,第30期。2 (2016): 127-153;Anievas, Alexander, Nivi Manchanda和Robbie Shilliam。“面对全球颜色线:导论”。国际关系中的种族和种族主义,第1-15页。劳特利奇,2014;欧文斯,帕特里夏,和卡塔琳娜·瑞茨勒,编。妇女国际思想:一部新的历史。剑桥大学出版社,2020;劳拉·j·谢泼德,《墙后的喧嚣:性别暴力与国际社会的暴力再生产》千禧年,不。2(2006): 377-401。(续)书写国际:追问历史,想象未来
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引用次数: 0
‘More Human than Human’: Colonial Logics and the Modern Subject in Science Fiction Films “比人更人性”:殖民逻辑和科幻电影中的现代主体
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/03058298221128069
Caio A. Martins Simoneti
Science fiction has often been associated with colonial imaginaries, given its engagement with themes such as invasions and encounters with other civilisations. This article addresses these relations by focusing on the invasion plot subgenre and the nexus between the modern subject and colonial frameworks. It argues that conceptions of subjectivity are a site of symbolic struggle, acting not only as the bases of the reproduction of colonial logics in these narratives, but also as a locus for their disruption. It first analyses Independence Day and War of the Worlds, highlighting how categories such as disembodiment, anthropocentrism and linear progress are crucial in reproducing the modern subject and colonial hierarchies in invasion stories. It then explores Arrival and Annihilation to argue that invasion plots can also present alternative forms of encounter as they disrupt modern subjectivity and colonial frameworks by contesting ideas of disembodiment, identity, progress and the human/nonhuman divide.
科幻小说经常与殖民想象联系在一起,因为它涉及入侵和与其他文明相遇等主题。本文通过关注入侵情节亚类型以及现代主体与殖民框架之间的联系来解决这些关系。它认为,主体性的概念是象征性斗争的场所,不仅是这些叙事中殖民逻辑再生产的基础,而且也是它们被破坏的场所。它首先分析了《独立日》和《世界大战》,强调了分离、人类中心主义和线性进步等类别在再现入侵故事中的现代主体和殖民等级制度方面是如何至关重要的。然后,它探讨了《降临》和《湮灭》,认为入侵情节也可以呈现出另一种形式的相遇,因为它们通过对分离、身份、进步和人类/非人类分裂的争论,破坏了现代主体性和殖民框架。
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引用次数: 0
Specters of Minks: Postcapitalist Elegies and Multispecies Solidarities 水貂的幽灵:后资本主义的挽歌和多物种的团结
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/03058298221131360
Matthew Leep
While narrative approaches in International Relations (IR) have become increasingly prominent, posthumanist narratives of capitalism remain on the margins. Informed by feminist avant-garde poet Susan Howe and philosopher Jacques Derrida, I develop a ‘drift narrative’ approach to human-mink relations during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, wherein millions of minks in fur farms were infected by the coronavirus and culled. This approach employs the use of postcapitalist elegies constructed in a wildlife refuge located near a mink factory farm. In a context of global mink culls, the wildlife refuge – where minks live freely – proximate to a local industrial mink fur farm – where minks are caged and killed for profit – became the site of (re)writing IR in drift narrative form. This poetic analysis highlights trans-spatial links of animal capital and employs intermixed elegiac images, sound recordings, and textual fragments to help us become attuned to nonhuman dreams, desires, losses, and futures. Grounding persistence for postcapitalist futures within the dreams of the dead, the drift narrative generates a spectral form of global multispecies solidarity. Contributing to the interspecies and narrative turns in IR, as well as multidisciplinary work on multispecies solidarity, the drift narrative offers an aesthetic and ethical critique of past and future animal capital systems that render more-than-human life as killable.
虽然国际关系(IR)的叙事方法变得越来越突出,但资本主义的后人文主义叙事仍然处于边缘。在女权主义先锋诗人苏珊·豪(Susan Howe)和哲学家雅克·德里达(Jacques Derrida)的指导下,我在SARS-CoV-2大流行期间,对人类与水貂的关系提出了一种“漂移叙事”的方法,当时毛皮农场的数百万只水貂被冠状病毒感染并被扑杀。这种方法采用了后资本主义的挽歌,在位于水貂工厂农场附近的野生动物保护区建造。在全球捕杀水貂的背景下,野生动物保护区——水貂自由生活的地方——靠近当地的工业水貂毛皮养殖场——在那里,水貂被关在笼子里并被杀死以获取利润——成为了以漂流叙事形式(重新)撰写IR的地点。这种诗意的分析强调了动物资本的跨空间联系,并使用混合的挽歌图像、录音和文本片段来帮助我们适应非人类的梦想、欲望、损失和未来。漂泊叙事将对后资本主义未来的坚持根植于死者的梦想中,产生了一种全球多物种团结的光谱形式。漂移叙事有助于IR中的物种间和叙事转变,以及多物种团结的多学科工作,对过去和未来的动物资本系统提供了美学和伦理批判,这些系统将超越人类的生命视为可杀死的。
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引用次数: 0
Temporalities in Translation. Anthropocene Futures, the SDGs and Justice in Baltimore 翻译中的时间性。人类世的未来,可持续发展目标和巴尔的摩的正义
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/03058298221139644
Henrike Knappe
Within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) process, different futures are contested, negotiated and become embedded in the Anthropocene. Those futures travel from one city to another, from businesses to local schools, or from protest events to the international negotiation fora of the United Nation (UN). By investigating the translation practices of Anthropocene futures from the global context of the UN into the local context of the city of Baltimore (United States), this paper traces how local actors engage with global norms and how they gain or lose agency in this process. Putting forward imaginaries of past, present and futures are practices of norm translation and appropriation that clearly change the once envisioned global future narratives. The paper brings together the Anthropocene scholarship with the International Relations-literature on translation. I suggest a new conceptual approach of translation that includes notions of ruptures, discontinuities and present pasts as main factors in translation processes. I apply this new framework to the case of SDG localization in Baltimore. In doing so, I analyse three major reports and 10 qualitative interviews that I conducted with local actors from the university, the city administration as well as different civil society actors in 2018. Here, I will discuss the different temporal notions, more specifically the way futures and pasts intersect in non-linear processes of translation.
在可持续发展目标(SDGs)进程中,不同的未来受到竞争、谈判,并融入人类世。这些未来从一个城市传递到另一个城市,从企业传递到当地学校,从抗议活动传递到联合国(UN)的国际谈判论坛。通过调查人类世未来从联合国的全球背景到巴尔的摩市(美国)的地方背景的翻译实践,本文追溯了当地行动者如何参与全球规范,以及他们在这一过程中如何获得或失去代理。对过去、现在和未来的想象是规范翻译和挪用的实践,它明显改变了曾经设想的全球未来叙事。本文将人类世研究与国际关系翻译文献相结合。笔者提出了一种新的翻译概念,将断裂、不连续性和现在的过去作为翻译过程中的主要因素。我将这个新框架应用到巴尔的摩的可持续发展目标本地化案例中。在此过程中,我分析了三份主要报告和10次定性访谈,这些访谈是我在2018年与来自大学、城市管理部门和不同民间社会行动者的当地行动者进行的。在这里,我将讨论不同的时间概念,更具体地说,未来和过去在非线性翻译过程中相交的方式。
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引用次数: 0
Remaking the ‘World’ in the World Heritage List: International Organisations, Settler Colonialism, and Architectural Preservation in Brasilia 在《世界遗产名录》中重塑“世界”:国际组织、移民殖民主义和巴西利亚的建筑保护
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/03058298221122166
Robert Flahive
This article explores the entanglements of settler colonialism with the integration of the 20th century-built environment onto the UNESCO World Heritage List by focusing on architectural preservation in Brasilia. The addition of Brasilia to the World Heritage List in 1987 was the realisation of a longstanding effort to enhance institutional legitimacy by expanding the representation of 20th century sites in geographies from the Global South. However, I argue that the addition of the pilot plan as Brasilia implicated both the World Heritage Committee and purveyors of Brasilia’s significance to architectural history in circumscribing the pilot plan from surrounding urban fabric. This argument is advanced by drawing on settler colonial studies, architectural history, architectural preservation, histories of Brasilia, and meeting notes from the World Heritage Committee. The article concludes that the preservation of the pilot plan as Brasilia 1) legitimates of spatial fragmentation in Brasilia through architectural history, 2) shows how settler colonialism is constitutive of the legitimacy of the World Heritage List, and 3) illustrates how international organisations have the potential to serve as vehicles for the reproduction of the logic elimination and the consolidation of settler spatial control.
本文以巴西利亚的建筑保护为重点,探讨了定居者殖民主义与20世纪建筑环境融入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的关系。1987年,巴西利亚被列入《世界遗产名录》,这是长期以来通过扩大20世纪遗址在全球南方地区的代表性来增强制度合法性的努力的实现。然而,我认为将试点计划添加到巴西利亚意味着世界遗产委员会和巴西利亚在建筑史上的重要性的提供者,他们将试点计划从周围的城市结构中限制出来。这一论点是通过借鉴定居者殖民研究、建筑史、建筑保护、巴西利亚历史和世界遗产委员会的会议记录来推进的。文章的结论是,巴西利亚试点计划的保存1)通过建筑史证明了巴西利亚空间碎片化的合法性,2)表明了定居者殖民主义如何构成《世界遗产名录》的合法性,3)说明了国际组织如何有可能成为再现逻辑消除和巩固定居者空间控制的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Re-imagining Mobility: From (In)visibility to Multiple Processes of Making Present 重新想象移动性:从可见性到制造当下的多重过程
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/03058298221131358
Anna Finiguerra
(In)visibility is a central concept in debates on mobility and migration. It has been perceived as both resource and obstacle to transformative political practices. The aim of this article is to unpack how events tied to migration have been labelled simultaneously visible and invisible. This is not merely a contradiction but a sign of how knowledge about migration is produced in complex, multiple and contrasting ways. To assess these processes, however, scholars cannot rely on the language of (in)visibility as it comes short in articulating both the situatedness of processes of knowledge production and their multiplicity. This article proposes the language of ‘making present’ as an alternative, which enables us to track how different (in)visibilities have diverse political consequences. The conceptual contribution of the article is fleshed out by analysing two empirical cases: the construction of the Gateway to Europe and instances of migrant self-narration on the same site.
可见性是关于流动性和移民的辩论中的一个核心概念。它被视为变革政治实践的资源和障碍。本文的目的是揭示与迁移相关的事件是如何同时被标记为可见和不可见的。这不仅是一个矛盾,而且表明有关移民的知识是如何以复杂、多元和对比的方式产生的。然而,为了评估这些过程,学者们不能依赖可见性的语言,因为它在阐明知识生产过程的情境性及其多样性方面都很不足。这篇文章提出了“制造当下”的语言作为一种选择,它使我们能够追踪不同的能见度如何产生不同的政治后果。本文的概念贡献是通过分析两个经验案例来充实的:通往欧洲的门户的建设和同一地点的移民自我叙述的实例。
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引用次数: 0
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Millennium DIPr
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