{"title":"Agricultural Science and High School Biology","authors":"M. D. Dawson","doi":"10.2307/1293122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1293122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":366088,"journal":{"name":"AIBS Bulletin","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125322520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trends in Agricultural Education","authors":"W. B. Bell","doi":"10.2307/1293120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1293120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":366088,"journal":{"name":"AIBS Bulletin","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128913522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Signing of the Morrill Act by President Lincoln on July 2, 1862, opened the way for establishment of the land-grant college system. Today this system provides higher education for 20% of all American college students, and its teaching, research, and extension services supply leadership for world agriculture. Many observers regard the recent changes in agricultural education, which reflect demand for increased scientific content, as one of the most significant shifts in emphasis of the postwar years. To report the intent, the potentials, and the meaning of the shift, five distinguished agricultural educators herewith present their comments for Bulletin readers. The Editor.
{"title":"Whence Leadership in Agriculture","authors":"H. Brunner","doi":"10.2307/1293118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1293118","url":null,"abstract":"Signing of the Morrill Act by President Lincoln on July 2, 1862, opened the way for establishment of the land-grant college system. Today this system provides higher education for 20% of all American college students, and its teaching, research, and extension services supply leadership for world agriculture. Many observers regard the recent changes in agricultural education, which reflect demand for increased scientific content, as one of the most significant shifts in emphasis of the postwar years. To report the intent, the potentials, and the meaning of the shift, five distinguished agricultural educators herewith present their comments for Bulletin readers. The Editor.","PeriodicalId":366088,"journal":{"name":"AIBS Bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131337833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A MONUMENTAL task rests in the hands of Professor Jaroslav Krizenecky, newly appointed custodian of the Mendel Museum. Seated at Mendel's beautifully carved black desk in a sunny window in Brno, he is examining, listing, and cataloguing the remaining papers and documents of Gregor Johann Mendel, the founder of the science of genetics. His hopes and plans for a great Mendel Institute for the study of the history and theory of biology have not materialized, but his new work is progressing and plans are being made for a Mendel Centennial in Brno in 1965. We had spent some days in Prague in the summer of 1961. At the Biological Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Drs. Alena Lengerova and Marta Voiti'kova showed us some of their research on mice, ducks, and guinea fowls. We saw other research on beans and lotus. The Institute is in the process of rebuilding and expansion. We also visited Professor Karel Hruby, Chairman of the Department of Genetics at Charles University, and his co-workers. He showed us the proofs of his comprehensive new text book Genetika, published by the Academy of Sciences, in which Mendelian genetics is presented in detail. We also saw some of his collection of miniature moths and his manuscript about them in Czech and Latin. As President of the Botanical Society of Czechoslovakia, he is deep in plans for their Jubilee Congress to be held in July of this year. It was he who telephoned to the University in Brno to make possible our rewarding visit there. Driving east of Prague on Saturday morning through the beautiful August countryside with its lovely hills and valleys, we saw farmers harvesting peas, the crop with which Mendel was familiar from childhood. It seems likely that he had noted the variable characteristics of pea plants as a young person and set up his experiments with them to work out principles governing their transmission. Occasionally, we stopped to take pictures of scenes reminiscent of the harvesting operations on our Canadian prairies some 30 years ago. The ripe grain was in golden stooks, and horse-drawn racks collected the luxurious forage in the fields. In the towns, we passed sandy-colored, plastered houses. Occasionally there was harvesting by hand scythes; hand-drawn carts, oxen, and geese made it seem almost a fairy-tale land.
一项艰巨的任务落在了新任命的孟德尔博物馆管理人雅罗斯拉夫·克里泽内基教授的手中。在布尔诺一个阳光明媚的窗口，他坐在孟德尔雕刻精美的黑色办公桌前，正在检查、整理和编目遗传学创始人格雷戈尔·约翰·孟德尔(Gregor Johann Mendel)遗留下来的论文和文献。他希望和计划建立一个伟大的孟德尔研究所，研究生物学的历史和理论，但他的新工作正在进行，并计划于1965年在布尔诺举行孟德尔百年纪念活动。1961年夏天，我们在布拉格呆了几天。在捷克斯洛伐克科学院生物研究所，dr。Alena Lengerova和Marta Voiti'kova向我们展示了他们对老鼠、鸭子和珍珠鸡的一些研究。我们看到了其他关于豆类和莲花的研究。研究所正在进行重建和扩建。我们还拜访了查尔斯大学遗传学系主任卡雷尔·赫鲁比教授和他的同事。他向我们展示了他的新教科书《遗传学》(Genetika)的证据，该书由科学院出版，详细介绍了孟德尔遗传学。我们还看到了他收集的一些微型飞蛾，以及他用捷克语和拉丁语写的关于它们的手稿。作为捷克斯洛伐克植物学会的主席，他正在为今年7月举行的植物学会周年大会做准备。正是他给布尔诺大学打了电话，使我们有可能对那里进行有意义的访问。周六早上，我们驱车向东行驶，穿过美丽的八月乡村，沿途有美丽的丘陵和山谷，我们看到农民们正在收获豌豆，孟德尔从小就很熟悉这种作物。似乎他在年轻时就注意到了豌豆植物的可变特性，并对它们进行了实验，以找出控制它们传播的原理。偶尔，我们会停下来拍照，让人想起30年前加拿大大草原上的收获作业。成熟的谷物被装在金色的木桶里，马拉的架子在田野里收集着奢华的草料。在城镇里，我们经过了灰褐色的灰泥房子。偶尔用手镰刀收割;手绘的马车、牛和鹅使它看起来几乎像一个童话般的国度。
{"title":"A Visit to Mendel's Monastery","authors":"J. W. Boyes, B. C. Boyes","doi":"10.2307/1293124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1293124","url":null,"abstract":"A MONUMENTAL task rests in the hands of Professor Jaroslav Krizenecky, newly appointed custodian of the Mendel Museum. Seated at Mendel's beautifully carved black desk in a sunny window in Brno, he is examining, listing, and cataloguing the remaining papers and documents of Gregor Johann Mendel, the founder of the science of genetics. His hopes and plans for a great Mendel Institute for the study of the history and theory of biology have not materialized, but his new work is progressing and plans are being made for a Mendel Centennial in Brno in 1965. We had spent some days in Prague in the summer of 1961. At the Biological Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Drs. Alena Lengerova and Marta Voiti'kova showed us some of their research on mice, ducks, and guinea fowls. We saw other research on beans and lotus. The Institute is in the process of rebuilding and expansion. We also visited Professor Karel Hruby, Chairman of the Department of Genetics at Charles University, and his co-workers. He showed us the proofs of his comprehensive new text book Genetika, published by the Academy of Sciences, in which Mendelian genetics is presented in detail. We also saw some of his collection of miniature moths and his manuscript about them in Czech and Latin. As President of the Botanical Society of Czechoslovakia, he is deep in plans for their Jubilee Congress to be held in July of this year. It was he who telephoned to the University in Brno to make possible our rewarding visit there. Driving east of Prague on Saturday morning through the beautiful August countryside with its lovely hills and valleys, we saw farmers harvesting peas, the crop with which Mendel was familiar from childhood. It seems likely that he had noted the variable characteristics of pea plants as a young person and set up his experiments with them to work out principles governing their transmission. Occasionally, we stopped to take pictures of scenes reminiscent of the harvesting operations on our Canadian prairies some 30 years ago. The ripe grain was in golden stooks, and horse-drawn racks collected the luxurious forage in the fields. In the towns, we passed sandy-colored, plastered houses. Occasionally there was harvesting by hand scythes; hand-drawn carts, oxen, and geese made it seem almost a fairy-tale land.","PeriodicalId":366088,"journal":{"name":"AIBS Bulletin","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128644167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DURING this period of general reappraisal and readjustment of many political problems which face the West and the East, a deeper understanding and knowledge of the scientific endeavors of the two opposite camps is certainly in order. In this respect, the USSR, in particular, is doing splendid work in studying our physical and natural scientific literature and in translating and publishing enormous numbers of our texts and monographs. In the capacity of the Advisory Editor of the translation journal of the Doklady Botanical Sciences Sections Akademii Nauk SSSR, I constantly come across citations dated one year or more later than the publication of the same book in English. On checking, I find inevitably that the date referred to is that of the Russian translation of the English book. American scientists, on the other hand, are far less familiar with the Russian scientific literature. Because very few Americans know the language, our translation programs are limited. The limited knowledge of Russian literature often leads some scientists to the rather superficial conclusion that Russian research in biology, and in botany in particular, is guided by the prevalent theory held by those in political power. Some experiences in the past may have provided a foundation for this belief, but the USSR, being a dynamic society, changes and so does the attitude of the powers towards research and scientific freedom. It is true that scientific research in the USSR is organized and specialized, but that does not prevent valuable work being done. There are many scientific institutions in the USSR; some are connected with universities, regional academies, agricultural stations and forestry organizations, and others are connected with tropical, mountain, desert, swamp and polar stations. All of these institutions employ researchers who publish their results in either local publications or society journals. The most important papers are submitted to the supreme arbiter of research in natural sciences, the Akademii Nauk SSSR. Doklady Akademii Nauk is the official publication of this organization. It comes out in six volumes yearly, each containing some 1500 pp and good illustrations. Various groups of physical and natural sciences are represented in the Doklady, and the papers are sponsored accordingly by the academician in the particular field of knowledge. The papers in the field of biology, biochemistry and botany are translated from cover to cover in this country by the American Institute of Biological Sciences under a grant from the National Science Foundation. There are three translation journals which cover corresponding material of the Doklady. They are (1) Doklady Biological Sciences Sections, Dr. Charles C. Davis, Advisory Editor, (2) Doklady Biochemistry Sections, Dr. Jacob A. Stekol, Advisory Editor, and (3) Doklady Botanical Sciences Sections, Dr. Helen P. Sorokin, Advisory Editor. A young physicist who made an important discovery of a solid-state optical
在这个对西方和东方面临的许多政治问题进行全面重新评估和调整的时期，对两个对立阵营的科学努力有更深的理解和认识当然是有必要的。在这方面，特别是苏联，在研究我们的物理和自然科学文献以及翻译和出版大量我们的文本和专著方面做得非常出色。作为Doklady Botanical Sciences Sections Akademii Nauk SSSR翻译期刊的顾问编辑，我经常遇到引用日期比同一本书的英文版出版时间晚一年或更久的引文。经过核对，我不可避免地发现，这里提到的日期是英文书的俄文译本的日期。另一方面，美国科学家对俄罗斯科学文献的熟悉程度要低得多。因为很少有美国人懂这种语言，我们的翻译项目是有限的。由于对俄罗斯文学的了解有限，一些科学家往往会得出一个相当肤浅的结论，即俄罗斯在生物学，尤其是植物学方面的研究，是由政治当权者所持有的流行理论指导的。过去的一些经历可能为这种信念提供了基础，但苏联是一个充满活力的社会，它发生了变化，强国对研究和科学自由的态度也发生了变化。诚然，苏联的科学研究是有组织的和专业化的，但这并不妨碍有价值的工作的完成。苏联有许多科学机构;一些与大学、地区学院、农业站和林业组织相连，另一些与热带、山区、沙漠、沼泽和极地站相连。所有这些机构雇用的研究人员在当地出版物或社会期刊上发表他们的研究结果。最重要的论文要提交给自然科学研究的最高仲裁者——挪威科学院。Doklady Akademii Nauk是该组织的官方出版物。每年出版六卷，每卷约1500页，插图精美。自然科学和自然科学的各个小组在Doklady中都有代表，论文由特定知识领域的院士赞助。在美国，生物学、生物化学和植物学领域的论文由美国生物科学研究所在国家科学基金会的资助下从头到尾翻译。有三种翻译期刊，涵盖了相应的Doklady材料。他们是(1)Doklady生物科学部门，Charles C. Davis博士，咨询编辑;(2)Doklady生物化学部门，Jacob A. Stekol博士，咨询编辑;(3)Doklady植物科学部门，Helen P. Sorokin博士，咨询编辑。一位年轻的物理学家在大约一年前发现了固态光学脉泽，他告诉我，两位俄罗斯物理学家在《Doklady》上发表的一篇论文极大地刺激了他的研究。一般来说，物理学家都读《Doklady》，现在几乎在所有英语国家的科学图书馆和实验室都能找到译本。然而，《生物、植物和生化科学丛书》的发行和订阅情况仍然令人不满意。由于植物科学部分在订阅领域的代表性特别差，因此本文对其进行了特别关注。许多美国科学家有一种错误的印象，认为这份杂志只是一个有限的知识领域里偶然收集的文章，既没有描述所使用的方法，也没有引用现有的文献。事实恰恰相反;文章中几乎涵盖了所有的植物学分支，对研究方法进行了充分的描述，论文内容简明、准确、插图充分，并包含(续页56)
{"title":"Why Should We Subscribe to a Translation of Doklady","authors":"H. Sorokin","doi":"10.2307/1293125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1293125","url":null,"abstract":"DURING this period of general reappraisal and readjustment of many political problems which face the West and the East, a deeper understanding and knowledge of the scientific endeavors of the two opposite camps is certainly in order. In this respect, the USSR, in particular, is doing splendid work in studying our physical and natural scientific literature and in translating and publishing enormous numbers of our texts and monographs. In the capacity of the Advisory Editor of the translation journal of the Doklady Botanical Sciences Sections Akademii Nauk SSSR, I constantly come across citations dated one year or more later than the publication of the same book in English. On checking, I find inevitably that the date referred to is that of the Russian translation of the English book. American scientists, on the other hand, are far less familiar with the Russian scientific literature. Because very few Americans know the language, our translation programs are limited. The limited knowledge of Russian literature often leads some scientists to the rather superficial conclusion that Russian research in biology, and in botany in particular, is guided by the prevalent theory held by those in political power. Some experiences in the past may have provided a foundation for this belief, but the USSR, being a dynamic society, changes and so does the attitude of the powers towards research and scientific freedom. It is true that scientific research in the USSR is organized and specialized, but that does not prevent valuable work being done. There are many scientific institutions in the USSR; some are connected with universities, regional academies, agricultural stations and forestry organizations, and others are connected with tropical, mountain, desert, swamp and polar stations. All of these institutions employ researchers who publish their results in either local publications or society journals. The most important papers are submitted to the supreme arbiter of research in natural sciences, the Akademii Nauk SSSR. Doklady Akademii Nauk is the official publication of this organization. It comes out in six volumes yearly, each containing some 1500 pp and good illustrations. Various groups of physical and natural sciences are represented in the Doklady, and the papers are sponsored accordingly by the academician in the particular field of knowledge. The papers in the field of biology, biochemistry and botany are translated from cover to cover in this country by the American Institute of Biological Sciences under a grant from the National Science Foundation. There are three translation journals which cover corresponding material of the Doklady. They are (1) Doklady Biological Sciences Sections, Dr. Charles C. Davis, Advisory Editor, (2) Doklady Biochemistry Sections, Dr. Jacob A. Stekol, Advisory Editor, and (3) Doklady Botanical Sciences Sections, Dr. Helen P. Sorokin, Advisory Editor. A young physicist who made an important discovery of a solid-state optical ","PeriodicalId":366088,"journal":{"name":"AIBS Bulletin","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128809600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bring home now the book enPDFd a list of common and scientific names of fishes from the united states and canada to be your sources when going to read. It can be your new collection to not only display in your racks but also be the one that can help you fining the best sources. As in common, book is the window to get in the world and you can open the world easily. These wise words are really familiar with you, isn't it?
{"title":"A List of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada","authors":"K. F. Lagler","doi":"10.2307/1292998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1292998","url":null,"abstract":"Bring home now the book enPDFd a list of common and scientific names of fishes from the united states and canada to be your sources when going to read. It can be your new collection to not only display in your racks but also be the one that can help you fining the best sources. As in common, book is the window to get in the world and you can open the world easily. These wise words are really familiar with you, isn't it?","PeriodicalId":366088,"journal":{"name":"AIBS Bulletin","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128754700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to Protozoology","authors":"H. H. Plough","doi":"10.2307/1292999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1292999","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":366088,"journal":{"name":"AIBS Bulletin","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124750208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PERHAPS the most significant feature of the current efforts to improve the curricular offerings in secondaryschool science and mathematics is the interest shown in the problem by scientists and mathematicians in higher education and industry. Possibly this interest has always been there, lying dormant, but now these men and women have had machinery provided which not only allows secondary-school teachers and supervisory personnel to meet and discuss their problems with scientists but also has permitted scientists to work with the schools in developing new programs which are being tried in the classroom. In biology, the central effort toward the development of new secondary-school courses is being directed by the Biological Sciences Curriculum Study. The BSCS is sponsored by The American Institute of Biological Sciences, representing more than 80,000 biologists, and is supported financially by grants from the National Science Foundation. Quite independently of the BSCS instructional materials, a number of schools have developed excellent programs of their own. The increasing number of schools throughout the country that will be doing something significantly different in biology instruction over the next several years presents a real challenge to the colleges whose job it is to prepare teachers who will be trained to do a competent job in these new programs. It now behooves any institution of higher learning, which has as one of its roles the preparation of teachers of biology for the secondary schools, to recognize quickly the import of the revolution that is occurring on the secondary level and to participate in a searching self-examination to see whether it is indeed ready to assume the responsibility for preparing teachers of these new curricular offerings. It is too often assumed that the colleges and universities are naturally the educational pacemakers in a given field of science. But this can be true only as long as colleges continue to improve their own science programs in response to new stimuli from both scientific and educational sources. I think we must admit that, in a number of institutions now preparing teachers, the biology programs have tended to become ossified. The course offerings have not changed essentially in a generation. They still have a taxonomic-morphological orientation, emphasizing nomenclature and descriptive organic diversity at the expense of the study of basic concepts which stress features common to all living matter. Introductory college biology which consists primarily of an extensive survey of the plant and animal kingdoms is hardly defensible today. The morphology of organisms and their classification are of course important, but they should not be studied as if they were the essence of the subject to the exclusion of the physiological, genetic, developmental, ecological, behavioral and evolutionary aspects of living matter. It seems appropriate to suggest several questions which teacher-training institutions
当前为改进中学科学和数学课程设置所做的努力中，最显著的特征也许是高等教育和工业界的科学家和数学家对这一问题表现出的兴趣。也许这种兴趣一直都在那里，只是处于休眠状态，但现在这些男男女女已经有了机器，不仅可以让中学教师和管理人员与科学家会面并讨论他们的问题，而且还允许科学家与学校合作开发新的项目，这些项目正在课堂上试用。在生物学方面，开发中学新课程的主要工作是由生物科学课程研究指导的。BSCS由代表80,000多名生物学家的美国生物科学研究所(American Institute of Biological Sciences)赞助，并由美国国家科学基金会(National Science Foundation)提供资金支持。除了BSCS的教学材料外，许多学校也开发了自己的优秀课程。未来几年，全国范围内越来越多的学校将在生物教学方面采取一些显著不同的做法，这对那些本应培养教师的大学构成了真正的挑战，这些教师将接受培训，在这些新项目中胜任工作。现在，任何以培养中学生物教师为其职责之一的高等教育机构都有责任迅速认识到正在中学阶段发生的这场革命的重要性，并参与一场深入的自我检查，看看它是否确实准备好承担起培养这些新课程的教师的责任。人们常常想当然地认为，学院和大学自然是某一科学领域教育的领跑者。但是，这只有在大学不断改进自己的科学项目，以应对来自科学和教育来源的新刺激的情况下，才能成为现实。我认为我们必须承认，在许多正在培养教师的机构中，生物学课程已经趋于僵化。在一代人的时间里，课程设置基本上没有改变。它们仍然具有分类学-形态学的倾向，强调命名法和描述的有机多样性，而牺牲了对强调所有生物共同特征的基本概念的研究。大学生物学导论主要包括对动植物王国的广泛调查，在今天是很难站得住脚的。生物的形态及其分类当然很重要，但不应该把它们当作学科的本质来研究，而把生物的生理、遗传、发育、生态、行为和进化等方面排除在外。这似乎是适当的建议几个问题，教师培训机构可能会问自己，这些问题可能会成为一个富有成效的，如果尴尬的，大纲的讨论，当大学和中学的人坐在一起，考虑他们在这方面的问题。
{"title":"Touchstones for Teaching Teachers","authors":"F. Erk","doi":"10.2307/1292991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1292991","url":null,"abstract":"PERHAPS the most significant feature of the current efforts to improve the curricular offerings in secondaryschool science and mathematics is the interest shown in the problem by scientists and mathematicians in higher education and industry. Possibly this interest has always been there, lying dormant, but now these men and women have had machinery provided which not only allows secondary-school teachers and supervisory personnel to meet and discuss their problems with scientists but also has permitted scientists to work with the schools in developing new programs which are being tried in the classroom. In biology, the central effort toward the development of new secondary-school courses is being directed by the Biological Sciences Curriculum Study. The BSCS is sponsored by The American Institute of Biological Sciences, representing more than 80,000 biologists, and is supported financially by grants from the National Science Foundation. Quite independently of the BSCS instructional materials, a number of schools have developed excellent programs of their own. The increasing number of schools throughout the country that will be doing something significantly different in biology instruction over the next several years presents a real challenge to the colleges whose job it is to prepare teachers who will be trained to do a competent job in these new programs. It now behooves any institution of higher learning, which has as one of its roles the preparation of teachers of biology for the secondary schools, to recognize quickly the import of the revolution that is occurring on the secondary level and to participate in a searching self-examination to see whether it is indeed ready to assume the responsibility for preparing teachers of these new curricular offerings. It is too often assumed that the colleges and universities are naturally the educational pacemakers in a given field of science. But this can be true only as long as colleges continue to improve their own science programs in response to new stimuli from both scientific and educational sources. I think we must admit that, in a number of institutions now preparing teachers, the biology programs have tended to become ossified. The course offerings have not changed essentially in a generation. They still have a taxonomic-morphological orientation, emphasizing nomenclature and descriptive organic diversity at the expense of the study of basic concepts which stress features common to all living matter. Introductory college biology which consists primarily of an extensive survey of the plant and animal kingdoms is hardly defensible today. The morphology of organisms and their classification are of course important, but they should not be studied as if they were the essence of the subject to the exclusion of the physiological, genetic, developmental, ecological, behavioral and evolutionary aspects of living matter. It seems appropriate to suggest several questions which teacher-training institutions","PeriodicalId":366088,"journal":{"name":"AIBS Bulletin","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125121288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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