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Streamlining search methods to update evidence and gap maps: A case study using intergenerational interventions 简化搜索方法,更新证据和差距图:代际干预案例研究
IF 3.2 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-01-07 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1380
Morwenna Rogers, Anthea Sutton, Fiona Campbell, Rebecca Whear, Alison Bethel, Jo Thompson Coon
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Evidence and Gap Maps (EGMs) should be regularly updated. Running update searches to find new studies for EGMs can be a time-consuming process. Search Summary Tables (SSTs) can help streamline searches by identifying which resources were most lucrative for identifying relevant articles, and which were redundant. The aim of this study was to use an SST to streamline search methods for an EGM of studies about intergenerational activities.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>To produce the EGM, 15 databases were searched. 8638 records were screened and 500 studies were included in the final EGM. Using an SST, we determined which databases and search methods were the most efficient in terms of sensitivity and specificity for finding the included studies. We also investigated whether any database performed particularly well for returning particular study types. For the best performing databases we analysed the search terms used to streamline the strategies.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>No single database returned all of the studies included in the EGM. Out of 500 studies PsycINFO returned 40% (<i>n</i> = 202), CINAHL 39% (<i>n</i> = 194), Ageline 25% (<i>n</i> = 174), MEDLINE 23% (<i>n</i> = 117), ERIC 20% (<i>n</i> = 100) and Embase 19% (<i>n</i> = 98). HMIC database and Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science via Web of Science returned no studies that were included in the EGM. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) returned the highest number of unique studies (<i>n</i> = 42), followed by ERIC (<i>n</i> = 33) and Ageline (<i>n</i> = 29). Ageline returned the most randomised controlled trials (42%) followed by CINAHL (34%), MEDLINE (29%) and CENTRAL (29%). CINAHL, Ageline, MEDLINE and PsycINFO performed the best for locating systematic reviews. (62%, 46% and 42% respectively). CINAHL, PsycINFO and Ageline performed best for qualitative studies (41%, 40% and 34%). The Journal of Intergenerational Relationships returned more included studies than any other journal (16%). No combinations of search terms were found to be better in terms of balancing specificity and sensitivity than the original search strategies. However, strategies could be reduced considerably in terms of length without losing key, unique studies.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Using SSTs we have developed a method for streamlining update searches for an EGM about intergenerational activities. For future updates we recommend that MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ERIC, Ageline, CINAHL and PQDT are searched.
背景证据和差距图(EGM)应定期更新。为 EGMs 寻找新研究而进行更新检索是一个耗时的过程。检索汇总表(SST)可以帮助简化检索,确定哪些资源对确定相关文章最有利,哪些是多余的。本研究旨在使用 SST 来简化代际活动研究 EGM 的检索方法。 方法 为了制作 EGM,我们搜索了 15 个数据库。共筛选出 8638 条记录,最终有 500 项研究被纳入 EGM。通过 SST,我们确定了哪些数据库和检索方法在查找纳入研究的灵敏度和特异性方面最为有效。我们还调查了是否有数据库在检索特定研究类型时表现尤为突出。对于表现最好的数据库,我们分析了用于简化检索策略的检索词。 结果 没有一个数据库能检索到 EGM 中的所有研究。在 500 项研究中,PsycINFO 检索到 40%(n = 202),CINAHL 检索到 39%(n = 194),Ageline 检索到 25%(n = 174),MEDLINE 检索到 23%(n = 117),ERIC 检索到 20%(n = 100),Embase 检索到 19%(n = 98)。HMIC 数据库和 Web of Science 的 Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science 没有检索到纳入 EGM 的研究。ProQuest Dissertations & Theses (PQDT) 返回的独特研究数量最多(n = 42),其次是 ERIC(n = 33)和 Ageline(n = 29)。Ageline检索到的随机对照试验最多(42%),其次是CINAHL(34%)、MEDLINE(29%)和CENTRAL(29%)。CINAHL、Ageline、MEDLINE 和 PsycINFO 在查找系统综述方面表现最佳。(分别为 62%、46% 和 42%)。CINAHL、PsycINFO 和 Ageline 在定性研究方面表现最佳(分别为 41%、40% 和 34%)。代际关系期刊》检索到的收录研究多于其他期刊(16%)。在兼顾特异性和敏感性方面,没有发现任何检索词组合优于最初的检索策略。不过,在不丢失关键、独特研究的前提下,可以大大缩短检索策略的长度。 结论 通过使用 SST,我们开发出了一种简化代际活动 EGM 更新检索的方法。对于未来的更新,我们建议检索 MEDLINE、PsycINFO、ERIC、Ageline、CINAHL 和 PQDT。在进行这些检索的同时,还应对《代际关系期刊》进行手工检索,并对新的系统性综述进行反向引文追溯。使用 SST 分析数据库效率可能是一种有用的方法,有助于简化其他 EGM 的检索更新。
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引用次数: 0
A mixed methods systematic review on the effects of arts interventions for children and young people at-risk of offending, or who have offended on behavioural, psychosocial, cognitive and offending outcomes: A systematic review 针对有犯罪风险或已犯罪的儿童和青少年的艺术干预对行为、社会心理、认知和犯罪结果的影响的混合方法系统综述:系统综述
IF 3.2 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1377
Louise Mansfield, Norma Daykin, Neil E. O'Connell, Daniel Bailey, Louise Forde, Robyn Smith, Jake Gifford, Garcia Ashdown-Franks
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Young people who enter the justice system experience complex health and social needs, and offending behaviour is increasingly recognised as a public health problem. Arts interventions can be used with the aim of preventing or reducing offending or reoffending.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Objectives</h3> <p>1. To evaluate evidence on the effectiveness and impact of arts interventions on keeping children and young people safe from involvement in violence and crime. 2. To explore factors impacting the implementation of arts interventions, and barriers and facilitators to participation and achievement of intended outcomes. 3. To develop a logic model of the processes by which arts interventions might work in preventing offending behaviours.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Search Methods</h3> <p>We searched AMED, Academic Search Complete; APA PsycInfo; CINAHL Plus; ERIC; SocIndex; SportDiscus, Medline, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PTSDPubs and Performing Arts Periodicals Database, Sage, the US National Criminal Justice Reference Service, the Global Policing and British Library EThOS databases, and the National Police Library from inception to January 2023 without language restrictions.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Selection Criteria</h3> <p>We included randomised and non-randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental study designs. We included qualitative studies conducted alongside intervention trials investigating experiences and perceptions of participants, and offering insight into the barriers and facilitators to delivering and receiving arts interventions. We included qualitative and mixed methods studies focused on delivery of arts interventions. We included studies from any global setting. We included studies with CYP (8–25 years) who were identified as at-risk of offending behaviour (secondary populations) or already in the criminal justice system (tertiary populations). We included studies of interventions involving arts participation as an intervention on its own or alongside other interventions. Primary outcomes were: (i) offending behaviour and (ii) anti-pro-social behaviours. Secondary outcomes were: participation/attendance at arts interventions, educational attainment, school attendance and engagement and exclusions, workplace engagement, wellbeing, costs and associated economic outcomes and adverse events.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Data Collection and Analysis</h3> <p>We included 43
背景进入司法系统的青少年有着复杂的健康和社会需求,犯罪行为日益被视为一个公共健康问题。艺术干预的目的是预防或减少犯罪或重新犯罪。 目标 1.评估艺术干预对保护儿童和青少年免受暴力和犯罪侵害的有效性和影响。2.探索影响艺术干预措施实施的因素,以及参与和实现预期成果的障碍和促进因素。3.3. 建立一个逻辑模型,说明艺术干预在预防犯罪行为方面可能发挥作用的过程。 检索方法 我们检索了 AMED、Academic Search Complete、APA PsycInfo、CINAHL Plus、ERIC、SocIndex、SportDiscus、Medline、CENTRAL、Web of Science、Scopus、PTSDPubs 和表演艺术期刊数据库、Sage、美国国家刑事司法参考资料服务、全球警务和大英图书馆 EThOS 数据库,以及国家警察图书馆(从开始到 2023 年 1 月,无语言限制)。 选择标准 我们纳入了随机和非随机对照试验以及准实验研究设计。我们纳入了与干预试验同时进行的定性研究,这些研究调查了参与者的经验和看法,并深入了解了实施和接受艺术干预的障碍和促进因素。我们纳入了以实施艺术干预为重点的定性和混合方法研究。我们纳入了来自任何全球环境的研究。我们纳入的研究对象是被确定为有犯罪行为风险的儿童青少年(8-25 岁)(第二类人群)或已经进入刑事司法系统的儿童青少年(第三类人群)。我们还纳入了将艺术参与作为一项单独干预措施或与其他干预措施同时进行的干预研究。主要结果包括(i) 犯罪行为和 (ii) 反社会行为。次要结果包括:艺术干预的参与度/出席率、教育程度、学校出勤率和参与度以及辍学率、工作场所参与度、幸福感、成本和相关经济结果以及不良事件。 数据收集与分析 我们纳入了 43 项研究(3 项定量研究、38 项定性研究和 2 项混合方法研究)。我们采用了坎贝尔合作组织所要求的标准方法程序。我们使用 GRADE 和 GRADE CERQual 分别评估了定量和定性数据证据的确定性和可信度。 主要结果 我们没有从定量研究中发现足够的证据来支持或反驳艺术干预对有犯罪风险或已犯罪的儿童的任何结果的有效性。定性证据表明,艺术干预可能会带来积极情绪、培养自我意识、成功参与创造性实践以及发展积极的人际关系。艺术干预可能需要方便、灵活的实施方式,如果得到工作人员、家庭和社区成员的支持,由专业艺术家实施,涉及与文化相关的活动,以青少年为重点,定期开展,并有可持续的策略,那么艺术干预就可能具有吸引力。我们发现有限的证据表明,缺乏宣传、资金不足、邻近服务机构的关键人员没有提供足够的广泛支持可能会成为成功的障碍。由于方法上的局限性,我们对这些研究结果的可信度很低。 作者的结论 我们没有从定量研究中找到足够的证据来支持或反驳艺术干预对有犯罪风险或已经犯罪的青少年的任何结果的有效性。我们报告说,对于了解艺术干预在这一青少年群体中的成功设计和实施过程及其对行为、社会心理、认知和犯罪结果的影响的证据,我们的信心很低。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of road safety interventions: An evidence and gap map 道路安全干预措施的有效性:证据和差距图
IF 3.2 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1367
Rahul Goel, Geetam Tiwari, Mathew Varghese, Kavi Bhalla, Girish Agrawal, Guneet Saini, Abhaya Jha, Denny John, Ashrita Saran, Howard White, Dinesh Mohan
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Road Traffic injuries (RTI) are among the top ten leading causes of death in the world resulting in 1.35 million deaths every year, about 93% of which occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite several global resolutions to reduce traffic injuries, they have continued to grow in many countries. Many high-income countries have successfully reduced RTI by using a public health approach and implementing evidence-based interventions. As many LMICs develop their highway infrastructure, adopting a similar scientific approach towards road safety is crucial. The evidence also needs to be evaluated to assess external validity because measures that have worked in high-income countries may not translate equally well to other contexts. An evidence gap map for RTI is the first step towards understanding what evidence is available, from where, and the key gaps in knowledge.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Objectives</h3> <p>The objective of this evidence gap map (EGM) is to identify existing evidence from all effectiveness studies and systematic reviews related to road safety interventions. In addition, the EGM identifies gaps in evidence where new primary studies and systematic reviews could add value. This will help direct future research and discussions based on systematic evidence towards the approaches and interventions which are most effective in the road safety sector. This could enable the generation of evidence for informing policy at global, regional or national levels.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Search Methods</h3> <p>The EGM includes systematic reviews and impact evaluations assessing the effect of interventions for RTI reported in academic databases, organization websites, and grey literature sources. The studies were searched up to December 2019.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Selection Criteria</h3> <p>The interventions were divided into five broad categories: (a) human factors (e.g., enforcement or road user education), (b) road design, infrastructure and traffic control, (c) legal and institutional framework, (d) post-crash pre-hospital care, and (e) vehicle factors (except car design for occupant protection) and protective devices. Included studies reported two primary outcomes: fatal crashes and non-fatal injury crashes; and four intermediate outcomes: change in use of seat belts, change in use of helmets, change in speed, and change in alcohol/drug use. Studies were excluded if they did not report injury or fatality as one of the outcomes.</p> </section>
与此相反,只有一小部分文献报道了许多低收入和中等收入国家的情况,这些国家的道路基础设施正在快速扩张,交通模式正在经历快速变化,道路伤害事故也在不断增加。文献中的这种偏差解释了为什么许多对低收入和中等收入国家非常重要的干预措施仍然没有得到充分研究。此外,许多只在高收入国家进行过试验的干预措施在低收入国家可能并不同样有效。另一个重要发现是,绝大多数系统综述的质量不高。许多重要干预措施的证据稀缺,缺乏高质量的证据综述,这对低收入国家未来的道路安全研究和实践具有重要影响。本文介绍的 EGM 将有助于确定研究人员的优先领域,同时引导从业人员和政策制定者采取行之有效的干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
PROTOCOL: The FRIENDS preventive programme for reducing anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents: A systematic review 方案:减少儿童和青少年焦虑症状的 FRIENDS 预防方案:系统回顾
IF 3.2 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1374
Trine Filges, Geir Smedslund, Tine Eriksen, Kirsten Birkefoss

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows. The main objective of this review is to answer the following research question: What are the effects of the FRIENDS preventive programme on anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents? Further, the review will attempt to answer if the effects differ between participant age groups, participant socio-economic status, type of prevention (universal, selective or indicated), type of provider (lay or mental health provider), country of implementation (Australia or other countries) and implementation issues in relation to the booster sessions and parent sessions (implemented, partly implemented or not at all).

这是坎贝尔系统评价的方案。目标如下。本综述的主要目的是回答以下研究问题:FRIENDS预防项目对儿童和青少年焦虑症状的影响是什么?此外,审查将试图回答不同参与者年龄组、参与者的社会经济地位、预防类型(普遍、选择性或指示性)、提供者类型(非专业或心理健康提供者)、实施国(澳大利亚或其他国家)以及与促进会议和家长会议有关的实施问题(实施、部分实施或根本不实施)之间的影响是否不同。
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引用次数: 0
Centre-based early education interventions for improving school readiness: A systematic review 以中心为基础的早期教育干预改善入学准备:系统回顾
IF 3.2 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1363
Claire J. McCartan, Jennifer Roberts, Julie-Ann Jordan
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Globally, children are legally obliged to attend school at a certain age (ranging from 4 to 7 years old). Developmental differences are rarely considered at school entry nor are they always reflected in the teaching and learning environment. Children who start school without being ready to cope may be significantly disadvantaged. Failure at school can impact directly on long-term outcomes such as unemployment, crime, adolescent pregnancy, and psychological and physical morbidity in adulthood. In contrast, experiencing success at school can impact positively on a child's self esteem, behaviour, attitude, and future outcomes. School readiness interventions aim to prepare a child for the academic content of education and the psychosocial competencies considered important for learning such as self-regulation, listening, following instructions and learning to share in play and other social settings. There is a need for evidence of the effectiveness of centre-based school readiness interventions.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Objectives</h3> <p>To evaluate the effectiveness of centre-based interventions for improving school readiness in preschool children.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Search Methods</h3> <p>In October 2021 we searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ERIC, PsycINFO, ERIC, eight additional databases and three trials registers. Other eligible studies were identified through handsearches of reference lists, reports, reviews and relevant websites.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Selection Criteria</h3> <p>We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs comparing centre-based school readiness interventions to no intervention, wait-list control or treatment as usual (TAU) for children (aged three to 7 years before starting compulsory education). The primary outcomes were school readiness and adverse effects.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Data Collection and Analysis</h3> <p>We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Results</h3> <p>We included data from 32 trials involving 16,899 children (6590 included in at least one meta-analysis). Four studies compared centre-based early education interventions with no treatment controls. Twenty-two trials compared an enriched school curriculum to treatm
在全球范围内,儿童在法律上有义务在一定年龄(从4岁到7岁)上学。在入学时很少考虑到发展差异,也总是反映在教学环境中。没有做好应对准备就开始上学的儿童可能处于明显的不利地位。学业失败会直接影响长期后果,如失业、犯罪、少女怀孕以及成年后的心理和身体疾病。相比之下,在学校取得成功会对孩子的自尊、行为、态度和未来的成就产生积极的影响。入学准备干预旨在为儿童准备教育的学术内容和被认为对学习很重要的社会心理能力,如自我调节、倾听、听从指示和学习在游戏和其他社会环境中分享。有必要证明以中心为基础的入学准备干预措施的有效性。目的评价以中心为基础的干预措施对改善学龄前儿童入学准备的效果。在2021年10月,我们检索了CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ERIC, PsycINFO, ERIC,另外8个数据库和3个试验注册库。其他符合条件的研究是通过手工检索参考文献列表、报告、评论和相关网站来确定的。我们纳入了随机对照试验(rct)和准rct,比较以中心为基础的入学准备干预与不干预、等候名单对照或正常治疗(TAU)的儿童(开始义务教育前3至7岁)。主要结果是入学准备和不良反应。资料收集和分析我们采用Cochrane期望的标准方法程序。我们使用GRADE来评估证据的确定性。我们纳入了32项试验的数据,涉及16,899名儿童(6590名儿童至少被纳入一项荟萃分析)。四项研究比较了以中心为基础的早期教育干预与无治疗控制。22项试验比较了丰富的学校课程和常规治疗(TAU)。儿童年龄在3至7岁之间(平均年龄4.4岁),51.7%为男孩,至少70%来自少数种族/民族群体。大多数研究都是在美国进行的,主要是在高度社会经济剥夺的地区。干预措施是在以中心为基础的环境中进行的(幼儿园或小学),在整个学年中,每周至少半天,每周4天。随访时间为1年(短期)、1 - 2年(中期)和2年以上(长期)。我们判断证据的确定性在所有结果测量中都是非常低到中等的。我们降低了证据的确定性,因为纳入的研究由于报告不佳、小样本量和宽置信区间引起的不精确以及统计异质性引起的不一致而存在不明确或高偏倚风险。大多数研究被认为是低风险或不明确的选择,检测,性能,损耗,选择性报告和其他偏倚。在10项研究中,分配偏倚处于高风险。美国联邦政府资助了大部分的研究。比较1。以中心为基础的早期教育干预提高入学准备与不干预的认知发展。在长期随访中,以中心为基础的早期教育干预与不干预之间的认知发展可能几乎没有差异(MD: 3.28, 95% CI: 0.23至6.34;p = 0.04;2项研究,361名受试者;低确定性证据)。情感健康和社会能力。在短期随访中,以中心为基础的早期教育干预组与无干预对照组相比,在社交技能方面可能没有明显差异(SMD: - 0.11, 95% CI: - 0.54至0.33;p = 0.63;3项研究,632名参与者;低确定性证据)。该结果的异质性很大(I²= 71%)。健康发展。一项研究的叙述性分析表明,以中心为基础的早期教育干预措施可能改善健康发展结果,如健康检查、免疫接种依从性和牙科保健(1项研究,142名参与者;低确定性证据)。 没有一项研究报告了入学准备、不良影响或身体发育。比较2。以中心为基础的早期教育干预提高入学准备与TAU的入学准备。与TAU相比,以中心为基础的早期教育干预对干预后1年入学准备的影响的证据非常不确定(SMD: 1.17, 95% CI: - 0.61至2.95;p = 0.20;2项研究,374名受试者;非常低确定性证据)。该结果的异质性相当大(I²= 95%)。认知发展。在长期随访中,以中心为基础的早期教育干预和TAU对认知发展的影响的证据非常不确定(MD: 9.34, 95% CI: - 6.64至25.32;p = 0.25;2项研究,136名受试者;非常低确定性证据)。该结果的异质性相当大(I²= 92%)。情感健康和社会能力。对12项研究的荟萃分析表明,在短期随访中,以中心为基础的早期教育干预和TAU在社交技能方面可能几乎没有差异(SMD: 0.11, 95% CI: - 0.05至0.28;p = 0.19;12项研究,4806名受试者;低确定性证据)。物理的发展。一项研究的证据表明,在短期随访中,与TAU相比,以中心为基础的早期教育干预在提高精细运动技能方面可能几乎没有差异(MD: 0.80, 95% CI: - 1.11至2.71;1项研究,334名参与者;中等确定性证据)。没有一项研究测量了不良影响或健康发展。作者的结论:我们发现非常低、低和中等确定性的证据表明,与不干预或TAU相比,以中心为基础的干预对开始上学的儿童的影响很小,甚至没有差异,持续时间长达1年。需要在美国以外进行更多的研究,衡量相关结果,以改进旨在满足儿童入学需求的项目。
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引用次数: 0
Occupational health and safety regulatory interventions to improve the work environment: An evidence and gap map of effectiveness studies 改善工作环境的职业健康与安全监管干预措施:有效性研究的证据和差距图
IF 3.2 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1371
Anja Bondebjerg, Trine Filges, Jan Hyld Pejtersen, Malene Wallach Kildemoes, Hermann Burr, Peter Hasle, Emile Tompa, Elizabeth Bengtsen

Background

Unsafe and unhealthy working conditions lead to injuries and financial losses across the globe, resulting in a need for research into effective work environment interventions.

Objectives

The objective of this evidence and gap map (EGM) is to provide an overview of existing systematic reviews and primary studies examining the effects of occupational health and safety regulatory interventions.

Search Methods

Relevant studies are identified through searches in published and unpublished literature performed up to January 2023.

Selection Criteria

The population for this EGM is workers above the age of 15 and their workplaces within the OECD. We include randomised controlled trials, non-randomised studies with a comparison of two or more groups of participants, and systematic reviews of effects.

Data Collection and Analysis

The map has been populated based on information about interventions and outcomes, study design, OECD country, and publication status. We have performed critical appraisal of included systematic reviews using an adjusted version of the AMSTAR-2 tool.

Main Results

The included studies for this report consist of six systematic reviews, 28 primary effect studies, and three on-going studies. The interactive map shows that the largest cluster of studies is located in the inspection activity domain, while the sickness absence outcome domain and the intervention categories for training initiatives and formulation of regulatory standards are only scarcely populated. Additionally, the AMSTAR-appraisal suggests a lack of rigorous systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Authors’ Conclusions

More research in the form of primary studies and rigorous systematic reviews is needed to provide stakeholders with better guidance as to what constitutes the most efficient regulatory approaches to improve the work environment.

背景 不安全和不健康的工作条件在全球范围内导致伤害和经济损失,因此需要对有效的工作环境干预措施进行研究。 目标 本证据和差距图(EGM)旨在概述现有的系统综述和主要研究,这些综述和研究探讨了职业健康和安全监管干预措施的效果。 检索方法 通过检索截至 2023 年 1 月已发表和未发表的文献来确定相关研究。 选择标准 本 EGM 的研究对象是经合组织(OECD)范围内 15 岁以上的劳动者及其工作场所。我们将随机对照试验、对两组或两组以上参与者进行比较的非随机研究以及对效果的系统回顾纳入其中。 数据收集与分析 地图是根据干预措施和结果、研究设计、经合组织国家和出版状态等信息绘制的。我们使用经过调整的 AMSTAR-2 工具对纳入的系统性综述进行了批判性评估。 主要结果 本报告纳入的研究包括 6 篇系统综述、28 项主要效果研究和 3 项正在进行的研究。交互式地图显示,最大的研究集群位于检查活动领域,而病假结果领域以及培训计划和制定监管标准的干预类别则几乎没有研究。此外,AMSTAR 评估表明,缺乏严格的系统综述和荟萃分析。 作者的结论 需要开展更多的初级研究和严格的系统审查,以便为利益相关者提供更好的指导,使其了解什么是改善工作环境的最有效监管方法。
{"title":"Occupational health and safety regulatory interventions to improve the work environment: An evidence and gap map of effectiveness studies","authors":"Anja Bondebjerg,&nbsp;Trine Filges,&nbsp;Jan Hyld Pejtersen,&nbsp;Malene Wallach Kildemoes,&nbsp;Hermann Burr,&nbsp;Peter Hasle,&nbsp;Emile Tompa,&nbsp;Elizabeth Bengtsen","doi":"10.1002/cl2.1371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1371","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Unsafe and unhealthy working conditions lead to injuries and financial losses across the globe, resulting in a need for research into effective work environment interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this evidence and gap map (EGM) is to provide an overview of existing systematic reviews and primary studies examining the effects of occupational health and safety regulatory interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Search Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Relevant studies are identified through searches in published and unpublished literature performed up to January 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Selection Criteria</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The population for this EGM is workers above the age of 15 and their workplaces within the OECD. We include randomised controlled trials, non-randomised studies with a comparison of two or more groups of participants, and systematic reviews of effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Data Collection and Analysis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The map has been populated based on information about interventions and outcomes, study design, OECD country, and publication status. We have performed critical appraisal of included systematic reviews using an adjusted version of the AMSTAR-2 tool.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The included studies for this report consist of six systematic reviews, 28 primary effect studies, and three on-going studies. The interactive map shows that the largest cluster of studies is located in the inspection activity domain, while the sickness absence outcome domain and the intervention categories for training initiatives and formulation of regulatory standards are only scarcely populated. Additionally, the AMSTAR-appraisal suggests a lack of rigorous systematic reviews and meta-analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Authors’ Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>More research in the form of primary studies and rigorous systematic reviews is needed to provide stakeholders with better guidance as to what constitutes the most efficient regulatory approaches to improve the work environment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36698,"journal":{"name":"Campbell Systematic Reviews","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cl2.1371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138571011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does chief executive compensation predict financial performance or inaccurate financial reporting in listed companies: A systematic review 首席执行官薪酬能否预测上市公司的财务业绩或不准确的财务报告:系统回顾
IF 3.2 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1370
Denise Rousseau, Byeong Jo Kim, Ryan Splenda, Sarah Young, Jangbum Lee, Donna Beck
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Financial incentives for chief executive officers (CEOs) are thought to motivate them to lead their company toward achieving important business objectives. Based on the Rousseau et al. (2019) protocol, this systematic review assesses the predictive effects of CEO incentives on certain business outcomes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Objectives</h3> <p>This review addresses whether CEO financial incentives predict: (1) firm financial performance and (2) financial restatement due to misreporting.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Search methods</h3> <p>We searched nine research databases for published peer-reviewed literature (to July 23–26, 2021 and an attenuated search from those dates to July 27–31, 2023) and thirteen professional association websites for non-published gray literature (to August 2021). We also hand-searched selected relevant journals.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Selection criteria</h3> <p>We reviewed peer-reviewed and unpublished studies available in English since 1980. Eligible studies regarding our first question assessed CEO financial incentives (1) 1 year or more before the measurement of outcomes, (2) controlled for pre-incentive firm performance or market conditions, and (3) analyzed CEO financial incentives as predictors of firm outcomes. Eligible studies regarding our second question assessed whether financial restatement had occurred and analyzed effects of CEO incentives on this outcome.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Data collection and analysis</h3> <p>We extracted standardized regression coefficients for each effect or converted unstandardized regressions to standardized. Analyses were conducted using STATA. All studies were assessed to have moderate risk of bias.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main results</h3> <p>For our first question, 20 studies (15,398 firms) met our criteria for meta-analysis of effects. Bonuses, the most commonly studied incentive, had a small positive effect on next year's accounting performance metric Return on Assets (ROA, 0.046 [<i>k</i> = 7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.014, 0.078]). The bonus effect in the market-related metric of Stock Returns (−0.026 [<i>k</i> = 5, 95% CI = −0.119, 0.067]) fell within a CI including 0, as did its effect on another market-related metric, Market-to-Book value (Tobin's Q, 0.028 [<i>k</i> = 3, 95% CI = −0.024, 0.08]).
背景 人们认为,对首席执行官(CEO)的经济激励可以激励他们带领公司实现重要的商业目标。根据 Rousseau 等人(2019 年)的协议,本系统性综述评估了首席执行官激励对某些商业结果的预测效果。 研究目的 本综述探讨了首席执行官的财务激励是否能预测:(1)公司财务绩效;(2)因误报而导致的财务重述。 检索方法 我们在九个研究数据库中检索了已发表的同行评议文献(截止到 2021 年 7 月 23-26 日,并在此基础上减少了对 2023 年 7 月 27-31 日的检索),并在十三个专业协会网站上检索了未发表的灰色文献(截止到 2021 年 8 月)。我们还手工检索了部分相关期刊。 筛选标准 我们审查了自 1980 年以来的同行评审和未发表的英文研究。关于第一个问题的合格研究评估了首席执行官的财务激励措施:(1)在结果测量前 1 年或更早;(2)控制了激励前的公司业绩或市场条件;(3)分析了首席执行官的财务激励措施对公司结果的预测作用。关于第二个问题的合格研究评估了是否发生了财务重述,并分析了首席执行官激励对这一结果的影响。 数据收集与分析 我们提取了每种效应的标准化回归系数,或将非标准化回归系数转换为标准化回归系数。分析使用 STATA 进行。所有研究均被评估为存在中度偏倚风险。 主要结果 对于第一个问题,有 20 项研究(15,398 家公司)符合我们的效果荟萃分析标准。奖金是最常被研究的激励措施,它对下一年的会计绩效指标资产回报率(ROA,0.046 [k = 7,95% 置信区间 (CI) = 0.014, 0.078])有微小的积极影响。奖金对与市场相关的指标股票收益率(-0.026 [k = 5, 95% CI = -0.119, 0.067])的影响在包括 0 的置信区间内,对另一个与市场相关的指标账面市值(Tobin's Q, 0.028 [k = 3, 95% CI = -0.024, 0.08])的影响也是如此。我们的结论是,奖金对下一年的市场相关指标没有预测作用,但对投资回报率有影响。股票期权对下一年的投资回报率(0.027 [k = 5, 0.95% CI = 0.000, 0.052])没有影响,对账面市值(托宾 Q 值,0.097 [k = 5, 95% CI = -0.027, 0.220])或股票回报率(0.042 [k = 6, -0.033, 0.117])也没有影响,这表明股票期权对会计或市场相关业绩都没有预测作用。我们寻找了关于激励对其他财务结果的影响或滞后期超过 1 年的研究,但发现报告太少。对于第二个问题,有三项研究(n = 2044 家公司)符合我们的标准。首席执行官激励机制对重述的总体效应大小(-0.09 [k = 3,95% CI = -0.363,0.184)在包括零在内的 CI 范围内。我们的结论是,目前的证据并不支持 CEO 财务激励与重述之间存在直接关系。 作者的结论 这篇综述证实了首席执行官奖金对会计业绩指标 ROA 的影响较小,而股票期权则没有影响。相反,奖金和股票期权都不能预测公司的市场相关指标。首席执行官激励也与财务重述无关。尽管首席执行官的财务激励措施被广泛使用,但除了我们发现的奖金-投资回报率效应之外,缺乏支持其使用的证据,这表明对目前的首席执行官财务激励措施应持谨慎态度,并应更多地考虑通过其他安排来提高公司业绩。
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引用次数: 0
PROTOCOL: The effectiveness of skills training to increase employment among those experiencing and at risk of homelessness: A systematic review 方案:技能培训对增加无家可归者和面临无家可归风险者就业的有效性:系统回顾
IF 3.2 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1372
Zijun Li MPH, Mina Ma, Yongqi Yang, Yanfei Li, Ke Guo, Minyan Yang, Guanghua Liu, Kehu Yang

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows. We will solve the following questions: (1) What are the characteristics of skills training services for individuals experiencing or at risk of homelessness? (2) How effectively do the different skills training programs improve employment status, work and life skills, or housing stability? (3) What factors are associated with the variation in the effectiveness of skills training services?

这是坎贝尔系统综述的协议。目标如下。我们将解决以下问题:(1) 为无家可归者或面临无家可归风险的人提供的技能培训服务有哪些特点?(2) 不同的技能培训计划在改善就业状况、工作和生活技能或住房稳定性方面的效果如何?(3) 技能培训服务效果的差异与哪些因素有关?
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引用次数: 0
PROTOCOL: Effectiveness of home-based interventions to prevent child neglect: A systematic review 方案:预防儿童被忽视的家庭干预措施的有效性:系统回顾
IF 3.2 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1373
Yanfei Li, Rui Li, Meixuan Li, Zhitong Bing, Xiuxia Li, Kehu Yang

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows. The objectives of the present study are to answer the following questions: (1) What types of home-based interventions are currently being studied to prevent child neglect? (2) How effective are the different home-based interventions for preventing child neglect? (3) What are the causes of heterogeneity among included studies and their impact on study effects?

这是坎贝尔系统综述的协议。目标如下。本研究旨在回答以下问题:(1) 目前正在研究哪些类型的家庭干预措施可以预防儿童忽视?(2) 不同的家庭干预对预防儿童被忽视的效果如何?(3) 纳入研究的异质性原因及其对研究效果的影响是什么?
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引用次数: 0
Campbell title registrations to date – November 2023, and discontinued protocols Campbell所有权注册截止到2023年11月,并终止协议
IF 3.2 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-12-03 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1375
<p>Details of new titles for systematic reviews or evidence and gap maps that have been accepted by the Editor of a Campbell Coordinating Group are published in each issue of the journal. If you would like to receive a copy of the approved title registration form, please send an email to the Managing Editor of the relevant Coordinating Group.</p><p>A list of discontinued protocols appears below these new titles. If you are interested to continue a project, please get in touch with the Managing Editor of the relevant Coordinating Group or email <span>[email protected]</span>.</p><p>Gender diversity on corporate boards and the relationship to corporate financial performance: Is gender in corporate boards settings of any importance? A systematic review and meta-analysis</p><p>Anders McIlquham-Schmidt, Cédric Velghe</p><p>31 October 2023</p><p>Breakfast consumption, anthropometry, and nutrition-related outcomes in adolescents from low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis</p><p>Jordie Fischer, Jonathan Thomas, Kesso van Zutphen-Küffer, Despo Ierodiakonou, Klaus Kraemer, Vanessa Garcia-Larsen</p><p>13 November 2023</p><p>Role of behavioral and monetary interventions in reducing energy consumption in households: A ‘living’ systematic review</p><p>Jan Minx, Tarun Khanna, Max Callaghan, Klaas Miersch, Julian Elliot, Mark Andor</p><p>19 September 2023</p><p>Interventions to identify violence against women in high-income countries: An evidence and gap map of impact evaluations</p><p>Charlotte Bell, Lorelei Hine, Lauren Hamilton, Elizabeth Watt, Elizabeth Eggins, Angela Higginson</p><p>20 November 2023</p><p>Identifying evidence-based guidance for anti-racism allyship in higher education: A scoping review</p><p>Marian Luctkar-Flude, Laura Killam, Alexandra Hodson, Monica Larocque, Nikita Gupta, Amanda Ross-White, Jane Tyerman</p><p>18 September 2023</p><p>Effective teacher preparation programs for improving academic achievement: A systematic review and meta-analysis</p><p>Roisin Corcoran, Sarah Miller, Joanne O'Flaherty, Patrick Labelle</p><p>27 October 2023</p><p>The effects of creative arts therapy on the treatment of alcohol and other drugs related problems: A mixed methods systematic review</p><p>Arianne Reis, Kaniz Fatema, Philip Hayward, Anna Kearns, Nicole Peel, Gilbert Whitton</p><p>12 October 2023</p><p>If you are interested to continue one of the projects below, please get in touch with the Managing Editor of the relevant Coordinating Group or email <span>[email protected]</span>.</p><p>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.85</p><p>PROTOCOL: Mandatory arrest for misdemeanor domestic violence effects on repeat offending</p><p>Barak Ariel, Lawrence W. Sherman</p><p>https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.163</p><p>PROTOCOL: Provision of information and communications technology (ICT) for improving academic achievement and school engagement in students aged 4–18</p><p>Kristin Liabo, Laurenz Langer, Ant
已被坎贝尔协调小组的编辑接受的系统评论或证据和差距图的新标题的详细信息发表在每期杂志上。如果您希望收到已批准的所有权登记表的副本,请发送电子邮件给相关协调小组的执行编辑。在这些新标题下面列出了已终止的协议清单。如果您有兴趣继续一个项目,请与相关协调小组的执行编辑联系,或发送电子邮件至[email protected]。公司董事会的性别多样性及其与公司财务绩效的关系:公司董事会的性别设置是否重要?来自低收入和中等收入国家青少年的早餐消费、人体测量和营养相关结果:一项系统回顾和荟萃分析jordie Fischer, Jonathan Thomas, Kesso van zutphenk - k<e:1>, Despo Ierodiakonou, Klaus Kraemer, Vanessa garcia - larsen2023年11月13日行为和货币干预在减少家庭能源消耗中的作用:jan Minx, Tarun Khanna, Max Callaghan, Klaas Miersch, Julian Elliot, Mark andor2023年9月19日高收入国家识别暴力侵害妇女行为的干预措施:影响评估的证据和差距图charlotte Bell, Lorelei Hine, Lauren Hamilton, Elizabeth Watt, Elizabeth Eggins, Angela higginson2023年11月20日确定高等教育中反种族主义联盟的循证指导:范围回顾marian luctka - flude, Laura Killam, Alexandra Hodson, Monica Larocque, Nikita Gupta, Amanda Ross-White, Jane tyerman 2023年9月18日提高学习成绩的有效教师准备计划:系统回顾和元分析roisin Corcoran, Sarah Miller, Joanne O'Flaherty, Patrick label2023年10月27日创意艺术疗法对治疗酒精和其他药物相关问题的影响:warianne Reis, Kaniz Fatema, Philip Hayward, Anna Kearns, Nicole Peel, Gilbert whitton2023年10月12日如果您有兴趣继续下面的一个项目,请与相关协调小组的执行编辑联系或发送电子邮件[email protected].https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.85PROTOCOL:巴拉克·阿里尔,劳伦斯·w·谢尔曼对轻罪家庭暴力对重复犯罪的影响强制逮捕https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.163PROTOCOL:为提高4 - 18岁学生的学习成绩和学校参与度提供信息和通信技术(ICT)克里斯汀·利亚博,劳伦兹·兰格,安东尼娅·西蒙,凯西-安·丹尼尔-吉滕斯,亚历克斯·埃尔威克,珍妮丝·特里普内https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.110PROTOCOL:为改善患有慢性疾病的儿童和青少年的学校参与度和学习成绩提供教育支持服务米歇尔·a·托利特,苏珊·m·索耶,萨维蒂里·拉特纳帕兰,托尼·巴内蒂普斯://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.197PROTOCOL:电子辅导促进25岁以下年轻人的积极青年成果:一项系统综述罗本·m·奥康纳,大卫·l·杜波依斯,露西·鲍斯https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.166PROTOCOL:在中小学教育中,提高教师留任率、教师满意度和学生成绩的绩效薪酬计划:一项系统回顾gary Ritter, Julie Trivitt, Leesa Foreman, Corey DeAngelis, George Dennyhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cl2.1186PROTOCOL:全麦饮食摄入与非传染性疾病之间的关系wasim A. Iqbal, Gavin B. Stewart, Abigail Smith, Linda Errington, Chris J. Sealhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.84PROTOCOL:降低孕妇、哺乳期妇女和育龄妇女死亡率和发病率的营养干预和方案:一项系统综述philippa midlhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.171PROTOCOL:以色列F. N. Domingos, Marcin Baranski, Carlo Leifert, Ismail Cakmak, Zed Rengel, Paul E. Bilsborrow, Gavin B. Stewarthttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.138PROTOCOL:改善危机环境下孕产妇、新生儿和妇女生殖健康sprrimus Che Chi, Henrik Urdal, Odidika UJ Umeora, johane Sundby, Paul Spiegel, Declan Devanehttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.183PROTOCOL:社区层面女性经济赋权干预措施对人类发展的影响marcela Ibanez, Sarah Khan, Anna Minasyan, Soham Sahoo, Pooja Balasubramanianhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2 154 .议定书:降低艾滋病毒阳性妇女发病率和死亡率的同伴干预措施。佩特科维奇,M. Doull, A. M. O'Connor, J. Aweya, M. Yoganathan, V. Welch, G. A. Wells, P. Tugwellhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.188PROTOCOL:低收入和中等收入国家农村地区社区主导的全面卫生设施:效果和影响因素证据的系统评价[j] josef Novotný, Jiří Hasman, Martin lepije, Vít Bořilhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/CL2.140PROTOCOL:获得电力改善中低收入国家的健康、教育和福利kavita Mathur、Sandy Oliver、Janice tripney改善中低收入国家储蓄行为和减少贫困的储蓄促进干预措施janina Isabel Steinert、Ani Movsisya
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