Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172575
W.T.S. Freitas, T. Dumelow
When reflection takes place off the surface of antiferromagnets, surface resonances, considered as an extension of surface polariton dispersion curves into the reflection region, can enhance the lateral shift of the reflected beam in the presence of an external magnetic field. The effect was earlier studied for both the applied field and the antiferromagnet easy axis perpendicular to the plane of incidence in the case of a small applied field. Here, using MnF as the antiferromagnet, we extend the work to look at how increasing the field and changing the antiferromagnet orientation affects the results, which always display nonreciprocity. We find that, when the antiferromagnet easy axis is parallel to the surface within the plane of incidence, leading to spin canting, enhanced shifts in the reflection region occur in much the same way as when the easy axis is along the applied field direction, but an applied field an order of magnitude higher is needed. However, when the easy axis is perpendicular to the surface even higher fields are necessary, and it is difficult to achieve such enhanced shifts.
{"title":"Surface resonance enhanced Goos-Hänchen shifts for different orientations of antiferromagnets in the presence of an applied magnetic field","authors":"W.T.S. Freitas, T. Dumelow","doi":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When reflection takes place off the surface of antiferromagnets, surface resonances, considered as an extension of surface polariton dispersion curves into the reflection region, can enhance the lateral shift of the reflected beam in the presence of an external magnetic field. The effect was earlier studied for both the applied field and the antiferromagnet easy axis perpendicular to the plane of incidence in the case of a small applied field. Here, using MnF<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> as the antiferromagnet, we extend the work to look at how increasing the field and changing the antiferromagnet orientation affects the results, which always display nonreciprocity. We find that, when the antiferromagnet easy axis is parallel to the surface within the plane of incidence, leading to spin canting, enhanced shifts in the reflection region occur in much the same way as when the easy axis is along the applied field direction, but an applied field an order of magnitude higher is needed. However, when the easy axis is perpendicular to the surface even higher fields are necessary, and it is difficult to achieve such enhanced shifts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 172575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172583
Pengning Zhang , Wenjie Liao , Bo Lin , Ning Wang , Chengjian Li , Jian Zhang , Jiqing Gao
The cores of transformers and reactors are subjected to mechanical stresses during both manufacturing and operation, these stresses exert an influence on the magnetic properties of the cores. Additionally, there exists rotating magnetic flux within the cores during operation. Therefore, it is necessary to further consider the magnetic properties of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction. To delve deeply into the comprehensive magnetic properties of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet under mechanical stress, with a particular focus on both the rolling direction and the direction perpendicular to it, this paper presents the establishment of a comprehensive magnetic properties measurement platform for grain-oriented silicon steel sheet that possesses stress adjustment capabilities. Through meticulous measurements, the impacts of tensile and compressive stresses on the magnetic hysteresis loops, B-H curves, relative permeability, magnetostriction, and iron loss characteristics of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet in both the rolling direction and the perpendicular direction were obtained and analyzed. The measurement results and subsequent analysis indicate that tensile and compressive stresses exert an influence on the magnetization characteristics of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet. Moreover, the extent of this influence varies between the rolling direction and the direction perpendicular to rolling for both tensile and compressive stresses; In the rolling direction, compressive stress promotes the magnetostriction of the grain-oriented silicon steels, while tensile stress inhibits it. In the direction perpendicular to rolling, both tensile and compressive stresses inhibit the magnetostriction of the grain-oriented silicon steels, with tensile stress exerting a greater inhibitory effect; Tensile stress acts to reduce the iron loss of grain-oriented silicon steels, whereas compressive stress increases it, this pattern is consistently observed in both the rolling direction and the direction perpendicular to rolling.
{"title":"Comprehensive magnetic properties of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet considering anisotropy under mechanical stress","authors":"Pengning Zhang , Wenjie Liao , Bo Lin , Ning Wang , Chengjian Li , Jian Zhang , Jiqing Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cores of transformers and reactors are subjected to mechanical stresses during both manufacturing and operation, these stresses exert an influence on the magnetic properties of the cores. Additionally, there exists rotating magnetic flux within the cores during operation. Therefore, it is necessary to further consider the magnetic properties of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction. To delve deeply into the comprehensive magnetic properties of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet under mechanical stress, with a particular focus on both the rolling direction and the direction perpendicular to it, this paper presents the establishment of a comprehensive magnetic properties measurement platform for grain-oriented silicon steel sheet that possesses stress adjustment capabilities. Through meticulous measurements, the impacts of tensile and compressive stresses on the magnetic hysteresis loops, B-H curves, relative permeability, magnetostriction, and iron loss characteristics of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet in both the rolling direction and the perpendicular direction were obtained and analyzed. The measurement results and subsequent analysis indicate that tensile and compressive stresses exert an influence on the magnetization characteristics of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet. Moreover, the extent of this influence varies between the rolling direction and the direction perpendicular to rolling for both tensile and compressive stresses; In the rolling direction, compressive stress promotes the magnetostriction of the grain-oriented silicon steels, while tensile stress inhibits it. In the direction perpendicular to rolling, both tensile and compressive stresses inhibit the magnetostriction of the grain-oriented silicon steels, with tensile stress exerting a greater inhibitory effect; Tensile stress acts to reduce the iron loss of grain-oriented silicon steels, whereas compressive stress increases it, this pattern is consistently observed in both the rolling direction and the direction perpendicular to rolling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 172583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172546
Zhenyu Yang, Shicheng Wei, Bo Wang, Yujiang Wang, Yi Liang, Xi Chen, Zhen Liu, Xinyang Wang
Using MoS2 to prepare novel composite absorbing coatings is an effective strategy to enhance electromagnetic wave absorption. In order to explore the preparation process of large-scale preparation of MoS2 composite absorbing materials, a Fe/MoS2/SiC laminated composite absorbing material was prepared by high-energy ball milling method to realize the absorption of electromagnetic waves. By adjusting the proportion of SiC, SiC, MoS2 and Fe were ball-milled at room temperature for 20 h, and the dielectric properties were improved to achieve good absorbing effect. The microstructure and properties of the materials were measured by XRD, SEM, Raman, XPS, HRTEM, VSM and VNA. The results show that the doping of appropriate amount of SiC reduces the interplanar spacing of MoS2 and increases the edge points, which increases the conductivity of MoS2. MoS2 reduces the number of layers and increases its size and area, which improves the dielectric properties of Fe/MoS2 and optimizes the electromagnetic parameters of the composites. When the ratio (mole) of SiC, Fe and MoS2 is 3:6:2, the best electromagnetic wave absorption effect is obtained, the lowest electromagnetic wave reflection loss is −72.98 dB, and the best bandwidth is 3.04 GHz when the matching thickness is 6.53 mm.
{"title":"Effect of SiC doping on microwave absorbing properties of ball-milled carbonyl iron/MoS2 composites","authors":"Zhenyu Yang, Shicheng Wei, Bo Wang, Yujiang Wang, Yi Liang, Xi Chen, Zhen Liu, Xinyang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using MoS<sub>2</sub> to prepare novel composite absorbing coatings is an effective strategy to enhance electromagnetic wave absorption. In order to explore the preparation process of large-scale preparation of MoS<sub>2</sub> composite absorbing materials, a Fe/MoS<sub>2</sub>/SiC laminated composite absorbing material was prepared by high-energy ball milling method to realize the absorption of electromagnetic waves. By adjusting the proportion of SiC, SiC, MoS<sub>2</sub> and Fe were ball-milled at room temperature for 20 h, and the dielectric properties were improved to achieve good absorbing effect. The microstructure and properties of the materials were measured by XRD, SEM, Raman, XPS, HRTEM, VSM and VNA. The results show that the doping of appropriate amount of SiC reduces the interplanar spacing of MoS<sub>2</sub> and increases the edge points, which increases the conductivity of MoS<sub>2</sub>. MoS<sub>2</sub> reduces the number of layers and increases its size and area, which improves the dielectric properties of Fe/MoS<sub>2</sub> and optimizes the electromagnetic parameters of the composites. When the ratio (mole) of SiC, Fe and MoS<sub>2</sub> is 3:6:2, the best electromagnetic wave absorption effect is obtained, the lowest electromagnetic wave reflection loss is −72.98 dB, and the best bandwidth is 3.04 GHz when the matching thickness is 6.53 mm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 172546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172567
Parisa Jalili, Saeed Ziaei-Rad, Mehdi Keshmiri
This paper investigates design, modeling, simulation, and dynamic issues related to self-propelled endoscopic capsule navigated inside the human body through external magnetic fields. A novel magnetic propulsion system is proposed and fabricated, which has great potential of being used in the field of noninvasive gastrointestinal endoscopy. The endoscopic capsule dynamic is studied on a medical silicone plate as the closest available material for the stomach tissue. First, the mechanical characteristics of the medical silicone plate is measured. Next, the forces acted on the endoscopic capsule which are friction, hydrodynamic and magnetic forces are determined by means of test and numerical techniques such as finite element method. Having known the magnitude of forces and torques on the endoscopic capsule, the dynamics of capsule are calculated under different initial conditions and external magnetic fields.
{"title":"Dynamic modeling and simulation of a new conceptual design of a magnetic capsule robot by application of endoscopic capsule","authors":"Parisa Jalili, Saeed Ziaei-Rad, Mehdi Keshmiri","doi":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates design, modeling, simulation, and dynamic issues related to self-propelled endoscopic capsule navigated inside the human body through external magnetic fields. A novel magnetic propulsion system is proposed and fabricated, which has great potential of being used in the field of noninvasive gastrointestinal endoscopy. The endoscopic capsule dynamic is studied on a medical silicone plate as the closest available material for the stomach tissue. First, the mechanical characteristics of the medical silicone plate is measured. Next, the forces acted on the endoscopic capsule which are friction, hydrodynamic and magnetic forces are determined by means of test and numerical techniques such as finite element method. Having known the magnitude of forces and torques on the endoscopic capsule, the dynamics of capsule are calculated under different initial conditions and external magnetic fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 172567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172573
J.S. Trujillo Hernández , F. Maccari , J.A. Tabares , K.P. Skokov , G.A. Pérez Alcázar , O. Gutfleisch , S. Ener
This study examines the impact of Ti doping on the phase formation and magnetic properties of Mn–Al–C alloys. Using melt spinning, we synthesized MnAl45C1.7Ti alloys (x values ranging from 0 to 1.5) producing high purity -phase ribbons. The optimal annealing treatment for the formation of ferromagnetic -phase is 20 min at 550 °C for all compositions. However, Ti-doped samples showed the formation of -phase due to partial phase decomposition, and TiC precipitates were present at high Ti concentrations. Upon doping, the Curie temperature was increased from 557K (Ti free sample) to 600K. To improve the coercivity, a combination of ball milling and hot compaction, introducing Bi as a metallic binder, have resulted in increased coercivity from 0.18 T to 0.33 T. Bi addition lead to formation of a grain boundary phase aiding densification. We demonstrate how modifying composition and processing can improve the magnetic properties of Mn–Al based magnets.
本研究探讨了掺杂 Ti 对 Mn-Al-C 合金的相形成和磁性能的影响。我们采用熔融纺丝法合成了 Mn53.3-xAl45C1.7Tix 合金（x 值范围为 0 至 1.5），并生成了高纯度的ϵ相带。对于所有成分，形成铁磁性τ相的最佳退火处理是在 550 ℃ 下退火 20 分钟。然而，掺杂钛的样品由于部分相分解而形成了β相，并且在钛浓度较高时出现了 TiC 沉淀。掺杂后，居里温度从 557K（无钛样品）升至 600K。为了提高矫顽力，我们结合球磨和热压，引入 Bi 作为金属粘合剂，使矫顽力从 0.18 T 提高到 0.33 T。我们展示了改变成分和加工过程如何改善锰铝基磁体的磁性能。
{"title":"Structural and magnetic properties of rapidly solidified and Bi-bonded hot compacted Mn53.3−xAl45C1.7Tix magnets","authors":"J.S. Trujillo Hernández , F. Maccari , J.A. Tabares , K.P. Skokov , G.A. Pérez Alcázar , O. Gutfleisch , S. Ener","doi":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of Ti doping on the phase formation and magnetic properties of Mn–Al–C alloys. Using melt spinning, we synthesized Mn<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>53</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>Al<sub>45</sub>C<sub>1.7</sub>Ti<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> alloys (x values ranging from 0 to 1.5) producing high purity <span><math><mi>ϵ</mi></math></span>-phase ribbons. The optimal annealing treatment for the formation of ferromagnetic <span><math><mi>τ</mi></math></span>-phase is 20 min at 550 °C for all compositions. However, Ti-doped samples showed the formation of <span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span>-phase due to partial phase decomposition, and TiC precipitates were present at high Ti concentrations. Upon doping, the Curie temperature was increased from 557K (Ti free sample) to 600K. To improve the coercivity, a combination of ball milling and hot compaction, introducing Bi as a metallic binder, have resulted in increased coercivity from 0.18 T to 0.33 T. Bi addition lead to formation of a grain boundary phase aiding densification. We demonstrate how modifying composition and processing can improve the magnetic properties of Mn–Al based magnets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 172573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172581
Hongyao Mi , Xiaoyong Feng , Minghe Zhang , Yunli Feng , Kun Liu , Shuai Wang
The NdFe8Co2Mo2 alloy ribbons were prepared by melt-spinning. The powder was prepared through surfactant-assisted ball milling, followed by nitriding to produce the NdFe8Co2Mo2Nx alloy. The alloy ribbons grain size decreases as the copper roller speed increases. At the speed of 30 m/s, a pure 1:12 phase alloy ribbons were produced. The grain size decreases with increasing the ball milling time, but the composition phases almost unchanged of the alloy powder. The grain size refine after nitriding, but the grain volume expands when the nitriding temperature exceeds 500 °C. With increasing ball milling time and nitriding temperature, the remanence (Mr) and coercivity (Hc) of the alloy powder increase first and then decrease. The alloy powder obtained from ball milling for 3 h after nitriding at 475 ℃ for 3 h, resulting in Mr was 44.43 Am2/kg, Hc was 0.434 T, and saturation magnetization (Ms) was 74.89 Am2/kg.
{"title":"Microstructure and magnetic properties of surfactant-assisted ball milling NdFe8Co2Mo2 powders and their nitrides","authors":"Hongyao Mi , Xiaoyong Feng , Minghe Zhang , Yunli Feng , Kun Liu , Shuai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The NdFe<sub>8</sub>Co<sub>2</sub>Mo<sub>2</sub> alloy ribbons were prepared by melt-spinning. The powder was prepared through surfactant-assisted ball milling, followed by nitriding to produce the NdFe<sub>8</sub>Co<sub>2</sub>Mo<sub>2</sub>N<sub>x</sub> alloy. The alloy ribbons grain size decreases as the copper roller speed increases. At the speed of 30 m/s, a pure 1:12 phase alloy ribbons were produced. The grain size decreases with increasing the ball milling time, but the composition phases almost unchanged of the alloy powder. The grain size refine after nitriding, but the grain volume expands when the nitriding temperature exceeds 500 °C. With increasing ball milling time and nitriding temperature, the remanence (M<em><sub>r</sub></em>) and coercivity (H<em><sub>c</sub></em>) of the alloy powder increase first and then decrease. The alloy powder obtained from ball milling for 3 h after nitriding at 475 ℃ for 3 h, resulting in M<em><sub>r</sub></em> was 44.43 Am<sup>2</sup>/kg, H<em><sub>c</sub></em> was 0.434 T, and saturation magnetization (M<em><sub>s</sub></em>) was 74.89 Am<sup>2</sup>/kg.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials","volume":"611 ","pages":"Article 172581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Epoxidized natural rubbers (ENR)are potential to be an alternative of natural rubber as matrix of magnetorheological elastomers (MREs). These ENR-based MREs offer various advantages such as excellent mechanical properties and damping characteristics that are well-suited for applications in vibration control and noise reduction devices. However, there is a paucity information in regard to the effect of different epoxidation levels on rheological properties of MRE. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to explore the influence of epoxidation level on rheological properties of MRE using commercialized ENR corresponding to ENR 25 and ENR 50. ENR-based MREs were created by blending with carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) and other additives, followed by curing at 150 °C for 30 min. The study involved producing ten MRE samples with various weight percentages of CIP (0,10,30,50 and 70 wt%). The storage modulus of ENR 50 exhibited a significant increment from 0.73 MPa to 1.04 MPa as compared to ENR 25 which caused the storage modulus to increase from 0.77 to 0.88 MPa. This showed that ENR 50-based MRE are stiffer in comparison to ENR 25-based MRE. Initial loss modulus value for ENR 50 (0.098 MPa) was lower than that of ENR 25 (0.112 MPa), consequently less energy is dissipated to surrounding for ENR 50-based MRE compare ENR 25-based MRE. The loss factor that represents damping properties showed that ENR 50 reached higher values (0.120 MPa) compared to ENR 25 (0.106 MPa). The increasing of CIPs content from 0 to 70 wt% contributed to increasing of magnetorheological effect for both ENR-based MRE where ENR 25 produced slightly higher with increment of 1.88 % to 22.6 % than ENR 50-based MRE with increment of 2.47 % to 18.18 % due to rise of magnetic forces generated from interaction of magnetic moments in magnetic domains of each CIPs. The results and analysis indicate that different levels of epoxidation in ENR have a marginal impact on the rheological properties of ENR-based MREs.
{"title":"Effect of epoxidation level on rheological properties of epoxidized natural rubber-based magnetorheological elastomer","authors":"Muhamad Shakir Yusoff , Nurul Azhani Yunus , Saiful Amri Mazlan , Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz , Nurul Afiqah Yunus , Ubaidillah","doi":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epoxidized natural rubbers (ENR)are potential to be an alternative of natural rubber as matrix of magnetorheological elastomers (MREs). These ENR-based MREs offer various advantages such as excellent mechanical properties and damping characteristics that are well-suited for applications in vibration control and noise reduction devices. However, there is a paucity information in regard to the effect of different epoxidation levels on rheological properties of MRE. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to explore the influence of epoxidation level on rheological properties of MRE using commercialized ENR corresponding to ENR 25 and ENR 50. ENR-based MREs were created by blending with carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) and other additives, followed by curing at 150 °C for 30 min. The study involved producing ten MRE samples with various weight percentages of CIP (0,10,30,50 and 70 wt%). The storage modulus of ENR 50 exhibited a significant increment from 0.73 MPa to 1.04 MPa as compared to ENR 25 which caused the storage modulus to increase from 0.77 to 0.88 MPa. This showed that ENR 50-based MRE are stiffer in comparison to ENR 25-based MRE. Initial loss modulus value for ENR 50 (0.098 MPa) was lower than that of ENR 25 (0.112 MPa), consequently less energy is dissipated to surrounding for ENR 50-based MRE compare ENR 25-based MRE. The loss factor that represents damping properties showed that ENR 50 reached higher values (0.120 MPa) compared to ENR 25 (0.106 MPa). The increasing of CIPs content from 0 to 70 wt% contributed to increasing of magnetorheological effect for both ENR-based MRE where ENR 25 produced slightly higher with increment of 1.88 % to 22.6 % than ENR 50-based MRE with increment of 2.47 % to 18.18 % due to rise of magnetic forces generated from interaction of magnetic moments in magnetic domains of each CIPs. The results and analysis indicate that different levels of epoxidation in ENR have a marginal impact on the rheological properties of ENR-based MREs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 172578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142419006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172576
Kristyn D. Ardrey , Rebecca D. McAuliffe , Beth L. Armstrong
This review examines the critical role of magnetic ceramic ferrites in wireless charging systems (WCS) for electric vehicles (EVs). With the increasing shift towards electrifying motor vehicles, advanced charging systems are needed to optimize EV range and performance. Magnetic materials are vital in WCS, as they act as a coupler that enhances power transfer. However, design limitations in weight and size motivate the need for systems tailored to meet a range of specifications. Ferrite systems can be tailored by altering composition, microstructure, and processing. Furthermore, this review examines advanced manufacturing techniques for improved ferrite design and identifies future directions for ferrite core research to meet future WCS needs.
{"title":"The role of ferrites in wireless charging systems for electric vehicles","authors":"Kristyn D. Ardrey , Rebecca D. McAuliffe , Beth L. Armstrong","doi":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review examines the critical role of magnetic ceramic ferrites in wireless charging systems (WCS) for electric vehicles (EVs). With the increasing shift towards electrifying motor vehicles, advanced charging systems are needed to optimize EV range and performance. Magnetic materials are vital in WCS, as they act as a coupler that enhances power transfer. However, design limitations in weight and size motivate the need for systems tailored to meet a range of specifications. Ferrite systems can be tailored by altering composition, microstructure, and processing. Furthermore, this review examines advanced manufacturing techniques for improved ferrite design and identifies future directions for ferrite core research to meet future WCS needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 172576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142419537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the results of theoretical modeling and experimental studies of thermal hysteresis in holmium (Ho) thin films with a thickness of 200 nm at applied magnetic fields of 100 Oe, 1 kOe, and 10 kOe. The isofield magnetization curves, measured at 100 Oe and 1 kOe do not exhibit hysteresis during the heating and cooling processes. In contrast, M(T) measured at 10 kOe shows significant differences between the heating and cooling processes. The thermal hysteresis width covers almost the entire range between the Curie temperature (TC) and Néel temperature (TN) and is controlled by the external magnetic field. The peculiarities of the magnetic phase diagram of thin films in comparison with the bulk samples of Ho are also discussed.
本文介绍了厚度为 200 nm 的钬（Ho）薄膜在 100 Oe、1 kOe 和 10 kOe 的外加磁场下的热滞后理论建模和实验研究结果。在 100 Oe 和 1 kOe 下测量的等场磁化曲线在加热和冷却过程中没有表现出磁滞现象。相比之下，在 10 kOe 条件下测量的 M(T) 在加热和冷却过程中显示出显著差异。热滞后宽度几乎涵盖居里温度（TC）和奈尔温度（TN）之间的整个范围，并受外部磁场控制。此外，还讨论了与块状 Ho 样品相比，薄膜磁相图的特殊性。
{"title":"Thermal hysteresis in Ho thin films − experimental results and modeling","authors":"A.A. Gurgel , F.G. Queiroz , E.S.N. Silva , D.H.A.L. Anselmo , V.D. Mello , V.V. Proglyado , M.A. Milyaev , E.A. Kravtsov , D.I. Devyaterikov , E.A. Stepanova , V.D. Zhaketov , F.A. Shelkovyi , E.M. Smelova , K.M. Tsysar , R.R. Gimaev , V.I. Zverev","doi":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the results of theoretical modeling and experimental studies of thermal hysteresis in holmium (Ho) thin films with a thickness of 200 nm at applied magnetic fields of 100 Oe, 1 kOe, and 10 kOe. The isofield magnetization curves, measured at 100 Oe and 1 kOe do not exhibit hysteresis during the heating and cooling processes. In contrast, M(T) measured at 10 kOe shows significant differences between the heating and cooling processes. The thermal hysteresis width covers almost the entire range between the Curie temperature (T<sub>C</sub>) and Néel temperature (T<sub>N</sub>) and is controlled by the external magnetic field. The peculiarities of the magnetic phase diagram of thin films in comparison with the bulk samples of Ho are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 172579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142418999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172574
Elizaveta Dvoretskaya , Roman Morgunov , Valery Savin , Alexander Chernov
Magnetic microcombs are necessary in microrobotics, MEMS technologies, actuator and magnetic flow analyzer industries. Usually, magnetic microcombs are artificial linear magnets of periodic shape. We propose another type of microcombs based of microwires, where periodicity of magnetization is caused by equidistant alternation of natural domains. We have demonstrated the presence of quasi-periodic radial magnetization and the effect of temperature and magnetic field on magnetic relief in PrDyFeCoB microwires. Accurate analysis of chemical, phase and structural composition of the microwires allowed us to reveal necessary conditions for the creation of periodical magnetic relief. Annealing affects magnetic relief and changes structure of initially amorphous microwires. Crystal structure of inclusions enriched with Fe and Co instead of Dy and Pr is body-centered cubic (BCC), while the bulk of the microwire has tetragonal structure. We have found laser stimulated amorphization of surface of PrDy-FeCo-B microwires. Partial restoration of the amorphous structure in polycrystalline microwires under single laser pulse of irradiation of 1mJ power and 120 ns duration has been found in 1–2 μm depth.
{"title":"Laser and thermal control over structure and magnetic properties of PrDy-FeCo-B microwires","authors":"Elizaveta Dvoretskaya , Roman Morgunov , Valery Savin , Alexander Chernov","doi":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmmm.2024.172574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnetic microcombs are necessary in microrobotics, MEMS technologies, actuator and magnetic flow analyzer industries. Usually, magnetic microcombs are artificial linear magnets of periodic shape. We propose another type of microcombs based of microwires, where periodicity of magnetization is caused by equidistant alternation of natural domains. We have demonstrated the presence of quasi-periodic radial magnetization and the effect of temperature and magnetic field on magnetic relief in PrDyFeCoB microwires. Accurate analysis of chemical, phase and structural composition of the microwires allowed us to reveal necessary conditions for the creation of periodical magnetic relief. Annealing affects magnetic relief and changes structure of initially amorphous microwires. Crystal structure of inclusions enriched with Fe and Co instead of Dy and Pr is body-centered cubic (BCC), while the bulk of the microwire has tetragonal structure. We have found laser stimulated amorphization of surface of PrDy-FeCo-B microwires. Partial restoration of the amorphous structure in polycrystalline microwires under single laser pulse of irradiation of 1mJ power and 120 ns duration has been found in 1–2 μm depth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials","volume":"610 ","pages":"Article 172574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142419005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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