This study thoroughly evaluates sustainable energy practices in Mozambique, identifies suitable activities and suggests future research directions. The authors meticulously detail the research tasks undertaken to achieve the primary objective of the study, including organizing articles by publication year, journal and conference papers; identifying the most frequently cited articles; and recognizing countries that have made significant contributions to the concept of sustainable energy. The study highlights the most relevant sustainable energy development practices for Mozambique, identifies suitable activities and suggests future research directions. Through rigorous analysis, six significant areas of sustainable energy development were identified, including renewable energy (RE) resources, environmental science, social sciences, computer science, management and accounting, and Earth and planetary sciences. The study used Scopus as the selected multidisciplinary peer-reviewed citation database on 20 February 2023, resulting in 76 publications. The study has been conducted nationwide for several months and thoroughly investigates various resources such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy. It achieves this by evaluating and characterizing the power generation potential of each RE resource and, in addition, identifying and examining numerous projects at the technical and economic feasibility level to promote the potential of projects and the advantages of RE for the sustainable development of Mozambique. The findings indicate that for sustainable energy development in Mozambique, it is crucial to introduce more policies to support the effectiveness of RE systems while involving the private sector. To achieve this, measures such as reducing investment risks, guaranteeing investment returns and establishing a transparent regulatory framework are required. These steps will attract substantial investments, resolve conflicts and motivate key stakeholders to actively participate in the process.
{"title":"A systematic literature review to explore sustainable energy development practices in Mozambique","authors":"Samuel Aires Master Lazaro, Vanessa Fathia Baba","doi":"10.1093/ce/zkad063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad063","url":null,"abstract":"This study thoroughly evaluates sustainable energy practices in Mozambique, identifies suitable activities and suggests future research directions. The authors meticulously detail the research tasks undertaken to achieve the primary objective of the study, including organizing articles by publication year, journal and conference papers; identifying the most frequently cited articles; and recognizing countries that have made significant contributions to the concept of sustainable energy. The study highlights the most relevant sustainable energy development practices for Mozambique, identifies suitable activities and suggests future research directions. Through rigorous analysis, six significant areas of sustainable energy development were identified, including renewable energy (RE) resources, environmental science, social sciences, computer science, management and accounting, and Earth and planetary sciences. The study used Scopus as the selected multidisciplinary peer-reviewed citation database on 20 February 2023, resulting in 76 publications. The study has been conducted nationwide for several months and thoroughly investigates various resources such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy. It achieves this by evaluating and characterizing the power generation potential of each RE resource and, in addition, identifying and examining numerous projects at the technical and economic feasibility level to promote the potential of projects and the advantages of RE for the sustainable development of Mozambique. The findings indicate that for sustainable energy development in Mozambique, it is crucial to introduce more policies to support the effectiveness of RE systems while involving the private sector. To achieve this, measures such as reducing investment risks, guaranteeing investment returns and establishing a transparent regulatory framework are required. These steps will attract substantial investments, resolve conflicts and motivate key stakeholders to actively participate in the process.","PeriodicalId":36703,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139258422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Building retrofit procedures play a crucial role in improving the energy performance and economic indicators of a building. In this context, an energy audit is typically recommended, but it is seldom used as a comprehensive approach due to the complexity and associated costs. This article aims to conduct a holistic energy audit approach for a university building in Malaysia, with the objective of diagnosing energy efficiency deficiencies, identifying areas of energy waste and proposing practical retrofit measures accordingly. The approach involved multiple stages, including measurements, surveys and simulation work. Eight energy-saving measures were proposed, targeting improvements in envelope elements, cooling and lighting systems, and operation and control. The Design-Builder software was utilized for energy simulation, assessing the annual energy savings. Economic evaluation indices, such as net present value and simple payback period, were used to assess the economic feasibility of the measures. The results demonstrated significant potential for energy reduction, with each measure achieving annual energy reductions ranging from 2% to 18%, and a cumulative impact of 41% on annual energy consumption when combined. The investment payback period for the energy-saving measures varied from 0.8 to 8.9 years, with a payback period of 3.9 years for the combined energy-saving measures. Furthermore, the net present value was positive, indicating the economic feasibility of investing in the proposed energy-saving measures. These findings provide valuable energy-saving opportunities that can be applied to improve similar buildings on the university campus.
{"title":"A pragmatic retrofitting approach to enhancing the thermal, energy and economic performance of an educational building: a case study in Malaysia","authors":"Etaib Alamin, N. Kamaruzaman, H. Kamar","doi":"10.1093/ce/zkad055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad055","url":null,"abstract":"Building retrofit procedures play a crucial role in improving the energy performance and economic indicators of a building. In this context, an energy audit is typically recommended, but it is seldom used as a comprehensive approach due to the complexity and associated costs. This article aims to conduct a holistic energy audit approach for a university building in Malaysia, with the objective of diagnosing energy efficiency deficiencies, identifying areas of energy waste and proposing practical retrofit measures accordingly. The approach involved multiple stages, including measurements, surveys and simulation work. Eight energy-saving measures were proposed, targeting improvements in envelope elements, cooling and lighting systems, and operation and control. The Design-Builder software was utilized for energy simulation, assessing the annual energy savings. Economic evaluation indices, such as net present value and simple payback period, were used to assess the economic feasibility of the measures. The results demonstrated significant potential for energy reduction, with each measure achieving annual energy reductions ranging from 2% to 18%, and a cumulative impact of 41% on annual energy consumption when combined. The investment payback period for the energy-saving measures varied from 0.8 to 8.9 years, with a payback period of 3.9 years for the combined energy-saving measures. Furthermore, the net present value was positive, indicating the economic feasibility of investing in the proposed energy-saving measures. These findings provide valuable energy-saving opportunities that can be applied to improve similar buildings on the university campus.","PeriodicalId":36703,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy","volume":"150 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139257727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siwakorn Srithanyakorn, Sungwan Bunchan, B. Krittacom, Ratinun Luampon
A mixed-mode forced-convection solar dryer (MMFCSD) is a device that utilizes both direct and indirect solar energy. The solar collector, which stores thermal energy for indirect solar uses, is an essential component of the dryer. Unfortunately, the thermal efficiency of this device is generally low. In this study, a technique was employed to improve the heat transfer of the solar collector in a MMFCSD. The technique involved adjusting the air flow pattern into a swirling flow to disturb the thermal boundary layer on the absorber plate under forced convection by using stainless wire mesh. The experiment was conducted under actual conditions and bananas were used as the drying sample. The experimental results of the thermal efficiency of the solar collector (ƞsolar) and the drying efficiency (ƞdrying) are presented. The results indicated that the air outlet temperature and ƞsolar of the solar collector with stainless wire mesh were higher than the case without stainless wire mesh, reaching a maximum temperature of 46.22°C and 37.97°C, and average ƞsolar of 0.26 ± 0.02 and 0.14 ± 0.01, respectively. The MMFCSD with stainless wire mesh had a higher ƞdrying than the case without stainless wire mesh, with values of 0.048 ± 0.004 and 0.039 ± 0.003, respectively, resulting in an ~23.07% increase. This was attributed to the air swirling flow through the stainless wire mesh and the heat accumulation in the drying chamber, which led to an increase in the drying chamber temperature from 54.03°C to 63.60°C, an increase in the effective moisture diffusivity from 7.28 × 10–7 to 1.19 × 10–6 m2/s and a decrease in the drying time of 5 h 30 min. However, further research is needed to investigate the quality of the dried samples and their economic value.
{"title":"Comparison of mixed-mode forced-convection solar dryer with and without stainless wire mesh in solar collector","authors":"Siwakorn Srithanyakorn, Sungwan Bunchan, B. Krittacom, Ratinun Luampon","doi":"10.1093/ce/zkad058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad058","url":null,"abstract":"A mixed-mode forced-convection solar dryer (MMFCSD) is a device that utilizes both direct and indirect solar energy. The solar collector, which stores thermal energy for indirect solar uses, is an essential component of the dryer. Unfortunately, the thermal efficiency of this device is generally low. In this study, a technique was employed to improve the heat transfer of the solar collector in a MMFCSD. The technique involved adjusting the air flow pattern into a swirling flow to disturb the thermal boundary layer on the absorber plate under forced convection by using stainless wire mesh. The experiment was conducted under actual conditions and bananas were used as the drying sample. The experimental results of the thermal efficiency of the solar collector (ƞsolar) and the drying efficiency (ƞdrying) are presented. The results indicated that the air outlet temperature and ƞsolar of the solar collector with stainless wire mesh were higher than the case without stainless wire mesh, reaching a maximum temperature of 46.22°C and 37.97°C, and average ƞsolar of 0.26 ± 0.02 and 0.14 ± 0.01, respectively. The MMFCSD with stainless wire mesh had a higher ƞdrying than the case without stainless wire mesh, with values of 0.048 ± 0.004 and 0.039 ± 0.003, respectively, resulting in an ~23.07% increase. This was attributed to the air swirling flow through the stainless wire mesh and the heat accumulation in the drying chamber, which led to an increase in the drying chamber temperature from 54.03°C to 63.60°C, an increase in the effective moisture diffusivity from 7.28 × 10–7 to 1.19 × 10–6 m2/s and a decrease in the drying time of 5 h 30 min. However, further research is needed to investigate the quality of the dried samples and their economic value.","PeriodicalId":36703,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139256327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lithium-ion batteries have an essential characteristic in consumer electronics applications and electric mobility. However, predicting their lifetime performance is a difficult task due to the impact of operating and environmental conditions. Additionally, state-of-health (SOH) and remaining-useful-life (RUL) predictions have developed into crucial components of the energy management system for lifetime prediction to guarantee the best possible performance. Due to the non-linear behaviour of the health prediction of electric vehicle batteries, the assessment of SOH and RUL has therefore become a core research challenge for both business and academics. This paper introduces a comprehensive analysis of the application of machine learning in the domain of electric vehicle battery management, emphasizing state prediction and ageing prognostics. The objective is to provide comprehensive information about the evaluation, categorization and multiple machine-learning algorithms for predicting the SOH and RUL. Additionally, lithium-ion battery behaviour, the SOH estimation approach, key findings, advantages, challenges and potential of the battery management system for different state estimations are discussed. The study identifies the common challenges encountered in traditional battery management and provides a summary of how machine learning can be employed to address these challenges.
{"title":"Electric vehicle battery capacity degradation and health estimation using machine-learning techniques: a review","authors":"Kaushik Das, Roushan Kumar","doi":"10.1093/ce/zkad054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad054","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-ion batteries have an essential characteristic in consumer electronics applications and electric mobility. However, predicting their lifetime performance is a difficult task due to the impact of operating and environmental conditions. Additionally, state-of-health (SOH) and remaining-useful-life (RUL) predictions have developed into crucial components of the energy management system for lifetime prediction to guarantee the best possible performance. Due to the non-linear behaviour of the health prediction of electric vehicle batteries, the assessment of SOH and RUL has therefore become a core research challenge for both business and academics. This paper introduces a comprehensive analysis of the application of machine learning in the domain of electric vehicle battery management, emphasizing state prediction and ageing prognostics. The objective is to provide comprehensive information about the evaluation, categorization and multiple machine-learning algorithms for predicting the SOH and RUL. Additionally, lithium-ion battery behaviour, the SOH estimation approach, key findings, advantages, challenges and potential of the battery management system for different state estimations are discussed. The study identifies the common challenges encountered in traditional battery management and provides a summary of how machine learning can be employed to address these challenges.","PeriodicalId":36703,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy","volume":"51 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139255032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
André Luis Ferreira Marques, Márcio José Teixeira, Felipe Valencia de Almeida, Pedro Luiz Pizzigatti Corrêa
The need for renewable energy sources has challenged most countries to comply with environmental protection actions and to handle climate change. Solar energy figures as a natural option, despite its intermittence. Brazil has a green energy matrix with significant expansion of solar form in recent years. To preserve the Amazon basin, the use of solar energy can help communities and cities improve their living standards without new hydroelectric units or even to burn biomass, avoiding harsh environmental consequences. The novelty of this work is using data science with machine-learning tools to predict the solar incidence (W.h/m²) in four cities in Amazonas state (north-west Brazil), using data from NASA satellites within the period of 2013–22. Decision-tree-based models and vector autoregressive (time-series) models were used with three time aggregations: day, week and month. The predictor model can aid in the economic assessment of solar energy in the Amazon basin and the use of satellite data was encouraged by the lack of data from ground stations. The mean absolute error was selected as the output indicator, with the lowest values obtained close to 0.20, from the adaptive boosting and light gradient boosting algorithms, in the same order of magnitude of similar references.
{"title":"Application of data science in the prediction of solar energy for the Amazon basin: a study case","authors":"André Luis Ferreira Marques, Márcio José Teixeira, Felipe Valencia de Almeida, Pedro Luiz Pizzigatti Corrêa","doi":"10.1093/ce/zkad065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad065","url":null,"abstract":"The need for renewable energy sources has challenged most countries to comply with environmental protection actions and to handle climate change. Solar energy figures as a natural option, despite its intermittence. Brazil has a green energy matrix with significant expansion of solar form in recent years. To preserve the Amazon basin, the use of solar energy can help communities and cities improve their living standards without new hydroelectric units or even to burn biomass, avoiding harsh environmental consequences. The novelty of this work is using data science with machine-learning tools to predict the solar incidence (W.h/m²) in four cities in Amazonas state (north-west Brazil), using data from NASA satellites within the period of 2013–22. Decision-tree-based models and vector autoregressive (time-series) models were used with three time aggregations: day, week and month. The predictor model can aid in the economic assessment of solar energy in the Amazon basin and the use of satellite data was encouraged by the lack of data from ground stations. The mean absolute error was selected as the output indicator, with the lowest values obtained close to 0.20, from the adaptive boosting and light gradient boosting algorithms, in the same order of magnitude of similar references.","PeriodicalId":36703,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy","volume":"3 11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139258557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The vibrational fluidized bed is innovatively adopted to regenerate the particulate filter medium for the purification of crude synthesis gas from the coal gasification process. Characteristic research of vibrated fluidized beds during dust-containing particulate filter medium regeneration has been carried out. The ideal transport model of particulate filter medium on the distributor is established and verified by using experiments. The mean residence time of the particulate filter medium can be reduced by 72% from 5.5 to 1.5 min with an increase in the working frequency from 50 to 60 Hz. The thickness of the bed layer is linearly increased with the feeding rate of the particulate filter medium under ideal working conditions. The resistance models of the fluidizing air are built up and validated, and they can be used to calculate the pressure drop of the static bed layer of the particulate filter medium on the fluidizing air distributor, which is the maximum value of the dynamic bed layer with the same thickness. The fluidizing air makes the mean residence time of the particulate filter medium decrease by 50% and reduces the difference in the particulate mean residence time under different feeding-rate conditions. The regeneration effect of dust-containing filter medium particles in a vibrated fluidized bed is evaluated. Fluidizing air with superficial velocity ranging from 0 to 0.6~0.9 m·s–1 makes the regeneration efficiency increase from 29.41% to 70.59~88.24%. This article provides a reference for the industrial application of a vibrated fluidized bed for the particulate filter medium recycling system.
{"title":"Characteristic research of regeneration process of particulate filter medium in vibrated fluidized bed","authors":"Bing Liu, Lixin He, Xianglong Zhao, Yi Guo","doi":"10.1093/ce/zkad060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad060","url":null,"abstract":"The vibrational fluidized bed is innovatively adopted to regenerate the particulate filter medium for the purification of crude synthesis gas from the coal gasification process. Characteristic research of vibrated fluidized beds during dust-containing particulate filter medium regeneration has been carried out. The ideal transport model of particulate filter medium on the distributor is established and verified by using experiments. The mean residence time of the particulate filter medium can be reduced by 72% from 5.5 to 1.5 min with an increase in the working frequency from 50 to 60 Hz. The thickness of the bed layer is linearly increased with the feeding rate of the particulate filter medium under ideal working conditions. The resistance models of the fluidizing air are built up and validated, and they can be used to calculate the pressure drop of the static bed layer of the particulate filter medium on the fluidizing air distributor, which is the maximum value of the dynamic bed layer with the same thickness. The fluidizing air makes the mean residence time of the particulate filter medium decrease by 50% and reduces the difference in the particulate mean residence time under different feeding-rate conditions. The regeneration effect of dust-containing filter medium particles in a vibrated fluidized bed is evaluated. Fluidizing air with superficial velocity ranging from 0 to 0.6~0.9 m·s–1 makes the regeneration efficiency increase from 29.41% to 70.59~88.24%. This article provides a reference for the industrial application of a vibrated fluidized bed for the particulate filter medium recycling system.","PeriodicalId":36703,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alya Nurul Shafira, Subhan Petrana, R. Muthia, W. Purwanto
The Southwest Maluku region in eastern Indonesia is considered a frontier, outermost and underdeveloped region. Its inhabitants live on isolated islands, including the residents of Mahaleta Village, where only 9.4% of the community have limited access to electricity. This study aimed to design an economically feasible hybrid renewable energy (RE) system based on solar and wind energy to integrate with the productive activities of the village. The study developed conceptual schemes to meet the demand for electricity from the residential, community, commercial and productive sectors of the village. The analysis was performed using a techno-economic approach. The hybrid system was designed using the HOMER Pro optimization function, and cold-storage and dryer systems were designed to support related productive activities. The optimized design of the hybrid RE system comprised 271.62 kW of solar photovoltaics, 80 kW of wind turbines and a 1-MWh lead–acid battery. We found that the hybrid RE system would only be economically feasible with a full-grant incentive and an electricity tariff of $0.0808/kWh. However, the productive activity schemes were all economically feasible, with a cold-storage cost of $0.035/kg and a drying cost of $0.082/kg. Integrating the hybrid RE system with productive activities can improve the economic feasibility of the energy system and create more jobs as well as increase income for the local community.
印度尼西亚东部的马鲁古西南地区被认为是一个边疆、最外围和欠发达地区。该地区的居民生活在与世隔绝的岛屿上，其中包括马哈雷塔村的居民，该村只有 9.4% 的居民用上了有限的电力。本研究旨在设计一个经济上可行的可再生能源（RE）混合系统，该系统以太阳能和风能为基础，与该村的生产活动相结合。研究制定了概念方案，以满足该村住宅、社区、商业和生产部门的用电需求。分析采用了技术经济方法。使用 HOMER Pro 优化功能设计了混合系统，并设计了冷藏和干燥系统，以支持相关的生产活动。混合可再生能源系统的优化设计包括 271.62 千瓦的太阳能光伏发电、80 千瓦的风力涡轮机和 1 兆瓦时的铅酸电池。我们发现，只有在全额赠款激励和 0.0808 美元/千瓦时的电价条件下，混合可再生能源系统才具有经济可行性。然而，生产活动方案在经济上都是可行的，冷藏成本为 0.035 美元/千克，干燥成本为 0.082 美元/千克。将混合可再生能源系统与生产活动相结合，可以提高能源系统的经济可行性，并为当地社区创造更多就业机会和增加收入。
{"title":"Techno-economic analysis of a hybrid renewable energy system integrated with productive activities in an underdeveloped rural region of eastern Indonesia","authors":"Alya Nurul Shafira, Subhan Petrana, R. Muthia, W. Purwanto","doi":"10.1093/ce/zkad068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad068","url":null,"abstract":"The Southwest Maluku region in eastern Indonesia is considered a frontier, outermost and underdeveloped region. Its inhabitants live on isolated islands, including the residents of Mahaleta Village, where only 9.4% of the community have limited access to electricity. This study aimed to design an economically feasible hybrid renewable energy (RE) system based on solar and wind energy to integrate with the productive activities of the village. The study developed conceptual schemes to meet the demand for electricity from the residential, community, commercial and productive sectors of the village. The analysis was performed using a techno-economic approach. The hybrid system was designed using the HOMER Pro optimization function, and cold-storage and dryer systems were designed to support related productive activities. The optimized design of the hybrid RE system comprised 271.62 kW of solar photovoltaics, 80 kW of wind turbines and a 1-MWh lead–acid battery. We found that the hybrid RE system would only be economically feasible with a full-grant incentive and an electricity tariff of $0.0808/kWh. However, the productive activity schemes were all economically feasible, with a cold-storage cost of $0.035/kg and a drying cost of $0.082/kg. Integrating the hybrid RE system with productive activities can improve the economic feasibility of the energy system and create more jobs as well as increase income for the local community.","PeriodicalId":36703,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhen Li, Jianke Hu, Yi Han, Hefeng Li, Jun Wang, P. D. Lund
The aim of this study is to propose a photovoltaic (PV) module simulation model with high accuracy under practical working conditions and strong applicability in the engineering field to meet various PV system simulation needs. Unlike previous model-building methods, this study combines the advantages of analytical and metaheuristic algorithms. First, the applicability of various metaheuristic algorithms is comprehensively compared and the seven parameters of the PV cell under standard test conditions are extracted using the double diode model, which verifies that the artificial hummingbird algorithm has higher accuracy than other algorithms. Then, the seven parameters under different conditions are corrected using the analytical method. In terms of the correction method, the ideal factor correction is added on the basis of previous methods to solve the deviation between simulated data and measured data in the non-linear section. Finally, the root mean squared error between the simulated current data and the measured current data of the proposed model under three different temperatures and irradiance is 0.0697, 0.0570 and 0.0289 A, respectively.
{"title":"Parameter identification and generality analysis of photovoltaic module dual-diode model based on artificial hummingbird algorithm","authors":"Zhen Li, Jianke Hu, Yi Han, Hefeng Li, Jun Wang, P. D. Lund","doi":"10.1093/ce/zkad066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad066","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to propose a photovoltaic (PV) module simulation model with high accuracy under practical working conditions and strong applicability in the engineering field to meet various PV system simulation needs. Unlike previous model-building methods, this study combines the advantages of analytical and metaheuristic algorithms. First, the applicability of various metaheuristic algorithms is comprehensively compared and the seven parameters of the PV cell under standard test conditions are extracted using the double diode model, which verifies that the artificial hummingbird algorithm has higher accuracy than other algorithms. Then, the seven parameters under different conditions are corrected using the analytical method. In terms of the correction method, the ideal factor correction is added on the basis of previous methods to solve the deviation between simulated data and measured data in the non-linear section. Finally, the root mean squared error between the simulated current data and the measured current data of the proposed model under three different temperatures and irradiance is 0.0697, 0.0570 and 0.0289 A, respectively.","PeriodicalId":36703,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alkhadher Khalil, S. Sahnoun, A. Elhassnaoui, S. Yadir, A. Obbadi, Y. Errami
Thermoelectric devices are one of the technologies used either to generate electricity by applying a temperature difference using thermal energy or as a heating/cooling system by applying an electrical voltage. The number of materials required to produce a product is an important factor in determining its price. Production costs associated with these materials, as well as their availability and quality, play a crucial role in price determination by manufacturers. In this context, a method that employs a uniform volume distribution was implemented. This approach enabled the analysis to focus on other variables, thereby promoting a more precise and relevant evaluation of overall performance. Based on the finite element method, this study investigated the influence of geometric shape, including Rect-leg, Y-leg, Pin-leg and X-leg designs, on the performance of solar thermoelectric generators and thermoelectric coolers. The study was conducted considering the same hot alumina junction surface that receives solar radiation; however, the effective surface, which corresponded to the heat flow area and had a similar area near the exposed surface, varied depending on the chosen leg geometry, thus impacting the heat flux due to the variation in thermal resistance. In the case of a solar thermoelectric generator, the Rect-leg model, having the same effective surface area, presented the lowest heat loss value resulting from convection and radiation in the heat spreader and the hot alumina plate. Under the same conditions, the Y-leg showed the highest value. The Rect-leg design generated, by using thermal and optical concentration, the highest output power of 0.028 and 0.054 W, and efficiency of 3.47% and 4.7%, respectively, whereas the Y-leg generated lower values of 0.006523 and 0.018744 W for power, and 2.83% and 2.71% for efficiency, respectively. In the case of the thermoelectric coolers, the Y-leg generated the highest temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of 67.28 K at an electric current value of 1.8 A, whereas the Rect-leg, Pin-leg and X-leg generated ~66.25, ~67.02 and ~67.19 K at 6.1, 2.7 and 2.6 A.
热电设备是利用热能产生温差发电或利用电压加热/冷却系统的技术之一。生产一种产品所需的材料数量是决定其价格的重要因素。与这些材料相关的生产成本，以及材料的可用性和质量，对制造商确定价格起着至关重要的作用。在这种情况下，我们采用了均匀体积分布法。这种方法可以将分析重点放在其他变量上，从而促进对整体性能进行更精确、更相关的评估。基于有限元方法，本研究调查了几何形状（包括矩形脚、Y 形脚、针脚和 X 形脚设计）对太阳能热电发电机和热电冷却器性能的影响。研究考虑的是接受太阳辐射的相同热氧化铝接合面；然而，有效表面（对应于热流区域，在暴露表面附近有相似的面积）因所选支腿的几何形状而异，从而因热阻的变化而影响热通量。在太阳能热电效应发生器中，具有相同有效表面积的矩形支脚模型由于散热器和热氧化铝板中的对流和辐射而产生的热损失值最低。在相同条件下，Y 型支腿的热损失值最高。通过热集中和光学集中，Rect-leg 设计产生的输出功率最高，分别为 0.028 和 0.054 W，效率最高，分别为 3.47% 和 4.7%，而 Y-leg 产生的功率值较低，分别为 0.006523 和 0.018744 W，效率最高，分别为 2.83% 和 2.71%。就热电冷却器而言，Y 型支腿在电流值为 1.8 A 时产生的冷热侧温差最大，为 67.28 K，而 Rect 型支腿、Pin 型支腿和 X 型支腿在电流值为 6.1、2.7 和 2.6 A 时产生的温差分别为 ~66.25、 ~67.02 和 ~67.19 K。
{"title":"Solar thermoelectric generator and thermoelectric cooler performance: analysis and comparison using a different shape geometry","authors":"Alkhadher Khalil, S. Sahnoun, A. Elhassnaoui, S. Yadir, A. Obbadi, Y. Errami","doi":"10.1093/ce/zkad067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad067","url":null,"abstract":"Thermoelectric devices are one of the technologies used either to generate electricity by applying a temperature difference using thermal energy or as a heating/cooling system by applying an electrical voltage. The number of materials required to produce a product is an important factor in determining its price. Production costs associated with these materials, as well as their availability and quality, play a crucial role in price determination by manufacturers. In this context, a method that employs a uniform volume distribution was implemented. This approach enabled the analysis to focus on other variables, thereby promoting a more precise and relevant evaluation of overall performance. Based on the finite element method, this study investigated the influence of geometric shape, including Rect-leg, Y-leg, Pin-leg and X-leg designs, on the performance of solar thermoelectric generators and thermoelectric coolers. The study was conducted considering the same hot alumina junction surface that receives solar radiation; however, the effective surface, which corresponded to the heat flow area and had a similar area near the exposed surface, varied depending on the chosen leg geometry, thus impacting the heat flux due to the variation in thermal resistance. In the case of a solar thermoelectric generator, the Rect-leg model, having the same effective surface area, presented the lowest heat loss value resulting from convection and radiation in the heat spreader and the hot alumina plate. Under the same conditions, the Y-leg showed the highest value. The Rect-leg design generated, by using thermal and optical concentration, the highest output power of 0.028 and 0.054 W, and efficiency of 3.47% and 4.7%, respectively, whereas the Y-leg generated lower values of 0.006523 and 0.018744 W for power, and 2.83% and 2.71% for efficiency, respectively. In the case of the thermoelectric coolers, the Y-leg generated the highest temperature difference between the hot and cold sides of 67.28 K at an electric current value of 1.8 A, whereas the Rect-leg, Pin-leg and X-leg generated ~66.25, ~67.02 and ~67.19 K at 6.1, 2.7 and 2.6 A.","PeriodicalId":36703,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toto Hardianto, Ari Akbariyanto Wenas, F. B. Juangsa
A total of 37.5 million tons of palm empty fruit bunches (EFBs) produced in Indonesia in 2018 have the potential to be used as an alternative eco-friendly solid fuel. However, a pretreatment process is necessary to increase the heating value and reduce the potassium content of EFBs. Several methods can be employed to improve the characteristics of EFBs as a solid fuel, such as drying and torrefaction to increase the heating value and the leaching process for reducing the potassium content of EFBs. The main concept of increasing the heating value is to increase the fuel content, which is carbon. Through drying, the carbon ratio can be increased by reducing the moisture content and, through torrefaction, the carbon ratio could be increased due to the decomposition of lignocellulose. A simple way to reduce the potassium content of EFBs is the leaching process. Two types of leaching treatment have been studied before: soaking and stirring treatment. This study reviews those methods to make EFBs more suitable as a solid fuel with a high heating value and less potassium content. Increasing the carbon content in EFBs is crucial for enhancing their heating value as a fuel. Drying and torrefaction decrease the moisture content and modify the chemical structure, resulting in higher carbon ratios. The leaching process effectively reduces the potassium content of EFBs and stirring treatment is more effective than immersion treatment. Torrefaction positively affects leaching by decreasing the potassium content, while hydrophobicity may hinder leaching by repelling water. The high moisture content of leached EFBs requires additional energy for evaporation during torrefaction, resulting in a lower energy density yield compared with raw EFBs. Adjustments may also be required to account for the decreased mineral content, which functions as a torrefaction catalyst in EFBs that have not been leached.
{"title":"Upgrading process of palm empty fruit bunches as alternative solid fuel: a review","authors":"Toto Hardianto, Ari Akbariyanto Wenas, F. B. Juangsa","doi":"10.1093/ce/zkad059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkad059","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 37.5 million tons of palm empty fruit bunches (EFBs) produced in Indonesia in 2018 have the potential to be used as an alternative eco-friendly solid fuel. However, a pretreatment process is necessary to increase the heating value and reduce the potassium content of EFBs. Several methods can be employed to improve the characteristics of EFBs as a solid fuel, such as drying and torrefaction to increase the heating value and the leaching process for reducing the potassium content of EFBs. The main concept of increasing the heating value is to increase the fuel content, which is carbon. Through drying, the carbon ratio can be increased by reducing the moisture content and, through torrefaction, the carbon ratio could be increased due to the decomposition of lignocellulose. A simple way to reduce the potassium content of EFBs is the leaching process. Two types of leaching treatment have been studied before: soaking and stirring treatment. This study reviews those methods to make EFBs more suitable as a solid fuel with a high heating value and less potassium content. Increasing the carbon content in EFBs is crucial for enhancing their heating value as a fuel. Drying and torrefaction decrease the moisture content and modify the chemical structure, resulting in higher carbon ratios. The leaching process effectively reduces the potassium content of EFBs and stirring treatment is more effective than immersion treatment. Torrefaction positively affects leaching by decreasing the potassium content, while hydrophobicity may hinder leaching by repelling water. The high moisture content of leached EFBs requires additional energy for evaporation during torrefaction, resulting in a lower energy density yield compared with raw EFBs. Adjustments may also be required to account for the decreased mineral content, which functions as a torrefaction catalyst in EFBs that have not been leached.","PeriodicalId":36703,"journal":{"name":"Clean Energy","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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