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Exploring Teachers' Pedagogical Content Knowledge of Teaching Fractions 教师教学分数的教学内容知识探究
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/19477503.2021.1963145
Maryam Zolfaghari, C. K. Austin, K. Kosko
ABSTRACT The quality of teachers’ mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT) is critical for effective teaching and mathematical learning of students. However, most efforts on measuring MKT tend to focus on teachers’ content knowledge (CK), with less attention to teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge for teaching (PCK). This study reports on our initial efforts to develop and pilot a measure for assessing teachers’ PCK for fractions. Analysis of cognitive interviews from two expert teachers combined with Rasch modeling of 85 pre-service and in-service teachers was conducted to examine validity evidence for the PCK-Fractions measure. Results provide useful validity evidence for the initial validity argument of the measure. Namely, evidence suggests differences between pre-service (PSTs) and in-service teachers’ (ISTs) scores based on their professional level (junior PSTs, senior PSTs, & ISTs). Implications of this and additional validity evidence suggest a measure useful for assessing the effect of teacher education and professional experience initiatives, as well as indicators for revising this initial measure.
教师数学教学知识的质量对学生的有效教学和数学学习至关重要。然而,大多数测量MKT的工作往往侧重于教师的内容知识(CK),而较少关注教师的教学内容知识(PCK)。本研究报告了我们为制定和试行一项评估教师分数PCK的措施所做的初步努力。对两位专家教师的认知访谈进行分析,并结合对85名职前和在职教师的Rasch建模,以检验PCK分数测量的有效性证据。结果为测量的初始有效性论点提供了有用的有效性证据。也就是说,有证据表明,职前教师(PSTs)和在职教师(ISTs)的分数基于其专业水平(初级PSTs、高级PSTs和ISTs)存在差异。这一影响和其他有效性证据表明,这是一项有助于评估教师教育和专业经验举措效果的措施,也是修订这一初步措施的指标。
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引用次数: 1
The Effects of ALEKS on Mathematics Learning in K-12 and Higher Education: A Meta-Analysis ALEKS对中小学及高等教育数学学习的影响:一项元分析
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-06-24 DOI: 10.1080/19477503.2021.1926194
Shuyan Sun, N. Else-Quest, L. Hodges, Allison M. French, Rebecca Dowling
ABSTRACT As remote learning technologies play an increasingly larger role in education, clear evidence of effectiveness is needed for widely used online learning technologies, such as Assessment and LEarning in Knowledge Spaces (ALEKS). By adapting to individual students’ knowledge states and personalizing interactive practice and feedback, ALEKS may potentially support learning in mathematics, which is foundational for success in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields. Given the mixed findings about the effects of ALEKS in previous research, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine if ALEKS was as effective as traditional instruction in mathematics education. Our analysis included 56 independent effect sizes obtained from 9,238 students in K-12 schools and institutions of higher education participating in 33 research studies between 2000 and August 2020. Results indicated that learning performance with ALEKS was comparable to that with traditional instruction (Hedge’s g = 0.05, 95% CI [−0.01, 0.20]) and ALEKS was especially effective when used to supplement traditional instruction (g = 0.43, 95% CI [0.02, 0.83]). These findings have important implications for using ALEKS in mathematics learning across different levels of education.
随着远程学习技术在教育中发挥越来越大的作用,广泛使用的在线学习技术,如知识空间评估和学习(ALEKS),需要明确的有效性证据。通过适应个别学生的知识状态和个性化的互动实践和反馈,ALEKS可能潜在地支持数学学习,这是在科学、技术、工程和数学领域取得成功的基础。鉴于先前的研究中关于ALEKS的影响的混合发现,我们进行了一项荟萃分析,以检验ALEKS是否与传统的数学教育教学一样有效。我们的分析包括从2000年至2020年8月参加33项研究的K-12学校和高等教育机构的9238名学生中获得的56个独立效应量。结果表明,ALEKS的学习效果与传统教学相当(Hedge’s g = 0.05, 95% CI[- 0.01, 0.20]),并且ALEKS在作为传统教学的补充时效果尤其显著(g = 0.43, 95% CI[0.02, 0.83])。这些发现对于在不同教育水平的数学学习中使用ALEKS具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 3
Examining Preservice Teachers' Familiarity and Experiences with Mathematical Modeling Practices 检验数学建模教师对数学建模实践的熟悉程度和经验
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-06-20 DOI: 10.1080/19477503.2021.1936987
Reuben S. Asempapa, Aishwarya Sastry
ABSTRACT Mathematical modeling has been recognized and highlighted in most standards and reports as an important concept to the teaching and learning of mathematics. The study investigated 208 PK–8 preservice teachers’ (PSTs’) familiarity and experiences with mathematical modeling. The study adopted a survey-design perspective to collect data from 10 universities in a mid-western state in the United States of America (U.S.). Data collected were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Results from the study indicated that PSTs were familiar with some outcomes related to mathematical modeling practices. However, their familiarity and experiences seem limited, and their perception of mathematical modeling practices were traditional in nature. Most of the PSTs had misconceived definitions regarding mathematical modeling and confused mathematical modeling with model mathematics. Furthermore, most PSTs reported they had no formal exposure or training in practices associated with mathematical modeling during their teacher preparation program. The findings suggest that infusing modeling courses or modules in existing methods or content courses in teacher education programs can be an effective way to elevate PSTs from unfamiliarity of mathematical modeling practices and standards These results along with a supplemental discussion have implications for teacher preparation programs and researchers centered on mathematical modeling education.
数学建模作为数学教与学的一个重要概念,在大多数标准和报告中得到了认可和强调。本研究调查了208名PK-8职前教师对数学建模的熟悉程度和经验。本研究采用调查设计的方法,从美国中西部某州的10所大学收集数据。收集的数据采用定量和定性方法进行分析。研究结果表明,PSTs熟悉与数学建模实践相关的一些结果。然而,他们的熟悉程度和经验似乎有限,他们对数学建模实践的看法本质上是传统的。大多数pst对数学建模有错误的定义,并将数学建模与模型数学混淆。此外,大多数pst报告说,他们在教师培训计划期间没有接受过与数学建模相关的正式接触或实践培训。研究结果表明,在教师教育计划的现有方法或内容课程中注入建模课程或模块可以有效地提高pst对数学建模实践和标准的不熟悉程度。这些结果以及补充讨论对教师准备计划和以数学建模教育为中心的研究人员具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 2
2021 Founders Lecture: Examining Mathematics Education Reforms’ Impact on Historically Excluded Learners 2021年创始人讲座:检验数学教育改革对历史上被排斥的学习者的影响
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-06-20 DOI: 10.1080/19477503.2021.1938870
R. Berry
ABSTRACT This paper uses a hybrid policy analysis lens primarily informed by the work of Derrick Bell to make the case that policies and reforms in mathematics education were not designed to address the needs of historically excluded learners; instead, these policies and reforms are often designed and enacted to protect the economic, technological, and social interests of those in power. The paper offers contrasting narratives between policy intentions and policy enactment, highlighting how the language of mathematics education policies enacted by educational professionals marginalized learners within their cultures, families, and communities.
本文采用德里克·贝尔(Derrick Bell)的混合政策分析视角,说明数学教育的政策和改革并非旨在满足历史上被排斥的学习者的需求;相反,这些政策和改革往往是为了保护当权者的经济、技术和社会利益而设计和实施的。本文提供了政策意图和政策制定之间的对比叙述,强调了教育专业人员制定的数学教育政策的语言如何在其文化,家庭和社区中边缘化学习者。
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引用次数: 8
Obstacles to Promoting Growth Mindset in a Streamed Mathematics Course: “It’s like Confirming They Can’t Make the Cut” 简化数学课程中促进成长心态的障碍:“这就像确认他们无法晋级”
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-04-29 DOI: 10.1080/19477503.2021.1913382
L. Masterson, M. Koch
ABSTRACT In this study, we consider the experiences of a professional learning community (PLC) who focused on fostering growth mindset to improve learning in a lower-stream grade 9 mathematics course. Using a sociocultural theoretical lens and drawing on data from a two-year case study, we summarize the ways that PLC members fostered growth mindset and then more deeply explore the obstacles they encountered. Participants found that shifting from a fixed mindset to a growth mindset required changes to the ways they taught mathematics. Even with these changes, shifting mindsets about mathematics learning proved more challenging than they expected. PLC members shared the view that the process was impeded by: students’ ingrained fixed mindsets, views of mathematics as a right or wrong subject, assessment practices focused on grading, the need to overcome their own fixed mindsets, and the streamed nature of the course. Through sustained collaboration, they found ways to begin to address these obstacles, with the notable exception of streaming. This study provides evidence of the ways streaming can inhibit the efficacy of a growth mindset initiative and offers suggestions for teachers, schools, and divisions planning to implement a growth mindset initiative to improve mathematics learning in similar contexts.
摘要在本研究中,我们考虑了一个专业学习社区(PLC)的经验,他们专注于培养成长心态,以提高9年级数学课程的学习水平。使用社会文化理论视角,并利用一项为期两年的案例研究的数据,我们总结了PLC成员培养成长心态的方式,然后更深入地探讨了他们遇到的障碍。参与者发现,从固定心态转变为成长心态需要改变他们的数学教学方式。即使发生了这些变化,改变数学学习的心态也比他们预期的更具挑战性。PLC成员一致认为,这一过程受到了以下因素的阻碍:学生根深蒂固的固定心态、将数学视为一门对错科目的观点、专注于评分的评估实践、克服自身固定心态的必要性以及课程的流式性质。通过持续的合作,他们找到了开始解决这些障碍的方法,流媒体是个明显的例外。这项研究提供了流媒体抑制增长心态倡议有效性的证据,并为计划实施增长心态倡议的教师、学校和部门提供了建议,以改善类似情况下的数学学习。
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引用次数: 1
Online Resources for Mathematics: Exploring the Relationship between Teacher Use and Student Performance 数学在线资源:探讨教师使用与学生表现之间的关系
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.1080/19477503.2021.1906041
Carolyn Mitten, Zachary K. Collier, Walter L. Leite
ABSTRACT Adoption of online resources to support instruction and student performance has amplified with technological advances and increased standards for mathematics education. Because teachers play a critical role in the adoption of technology, analysis of data pertaining to how and why teachers utilize online resources is needed to optimize the design and implementation of similar tools. The present study explores how Algebra Nation (AN), an online resource aligned with an Algebra I statewide exam, was utilized by teachers and what usage components influenced student achievement. A survey of teacher use was conducted and analysis implies that online resources should provide multiple incorporation methods including supplementation, assessment, and remediation. Results suggest that teacher logins, trainings, and workbook usage contribute to increased passing rates.
随着技术的进步和数学教育标准的提高,采用在线资源来支持教学和学生表现的情况越来越多。由于教师在采用技术方面发挥着关键作用,因此需要分析与教师如何以及为什么利用在线资源有关的数据,以优化类似工具的设计和实施。本研究探讨了代数国家(AN),一个与代数I全州考试相结合的在线资源,是如何被教师利用的,以及哪些使用成分影响了学生的成绩。对教师使用情况进行了调查,分析表明在线资源应提供多种整合方法,包括补充、评估和补救。结果表明,教师登录、培训和练习册的使用有助于提高通过率。
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引用次数: 6
Situating Students’ Achievement and Perceptions of Inquiry-Oriented Instruction within Their Motivational Beliefs: A Mixed Methods Study 在动机信念中定位学生探究性教学的成就与认知:一项混合方法研究
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/19477503.2021.1884446
Karen Zwanch, Brooke Mullins, Nicholas Fortune, K. Keene
ABSTRACT Students’ perceptions of the mathematics classroom environment have been linked to both cognitive and affective outcomes, as has inquiry-oriented instruction (IOI). The purpose of this mixed methods study is to determine what undergraduate students’ perceptions of inquiry-oriented differential equations are, and the extent to which their perceptions are related to their academic achievement. The results are framed using motivational theory. Results are that students’ perceptions of IOI fit within four themes: Engaging with Math and Each Other, Less to Know, Feelings of Frustration, and Resistance to IOI. Furthermore, a linear mixed model indicated that students with positive and neutral perceptions of IOI are predicted to score approximately 10% higher on the end of course assessment than are their peers with negative perceptions of IOI. Qualitative and quantitative results are linked by expectancy-value theory, which leads to the conclusion that students who perceive of IOI as useful to their learning and who perceive that they can be successful in IOI have significantly higher achievement in an undergraduate mathematics course.
学生对数学课堂环境的感知与认知和情感结果有关,探究导向教学(IOI)也是如此。这项混合方法研究的目的是确定本科生对探究型微分方程的感知是什么,以及他们的感知与学业成绩的关系程度。结果是用动机理论构建的。结果表明,学生对IOI的看法符合四个主题:与数学和彼此互动,知之甚少,挫折感和对IOI的抵制。此外,一个线性混合模型表明,对IOI有积极和中性看法的学生在课程结束评估中的得分预计比对IOI有消极看法的同龄人高出约10%。定性和定量结果通过期望值理论联系在一起,从而得出结论,认为IOI对他们的学习有用并认为他们可以在IOI中取得成功的学生在本科数学课程中取得显著更高的成绩。
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引用次数: 0
Critical Perspectives of Racialized Identities within Social Justice and Equity in Mathematics Teaching and Learning 数学教与学的社会正义与公平中种族化身份的批判视角
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/19477503.2021.1885124
Megan Che, Carlos Gomez, Dennis Kombe
This special issue started as a conversation among colleagues wanting to create a bigger space for challenging conversations on equity and social justice. We sought the opportunity to guest edit this issue in order to create a platform for work that fosters and encourages new ways of investigating the intersections of social justice, mathematics education, and equity. We already had notions of our colleagues’ bravery in pushing boundaries, but never did we imagine the incredible work being done. The pieces in this special issue conceptualize, in different ways, the racialized identities of students and teachers, and we feel this strong focus has helped us achieve our goal. We recognize, however, the political responsibility of being editors for a special issue bestowed on us. There were many difficult decisions about whose voice to include and whose to exclude, what qualifies as high quality and why are those the criteria we are using, and how do we demonstrate the range of research related to social justice. Many conversations were needed to determine the voices that needed to be elevated through this platform we graciously were provided by the editorial team of Investigations in Mathematics Learning. We are proud of the work in this issue and all those who contributed to it, including the reviewers, authors, all who submitted proposals, and the editors of IML. As both a beginning and an end of this editorial process, we feel a responsibility to articulate the ways we make sense of interrelationships among concepts, processes, and aims relevant to social justice, so we offer the following frame. For us, social justice lives more as an adjective than a noun – it is a phrase delineating a particular way of being/becoming rather than an object denoting a static entity. The attribute of “socially just” represents one of many potential ways of being/becoming and, thus, is far from inevitable. For us, drawing on Bell’s (2016) formulation, being socially just means the context and conditions for the topic under consideration (e.g., a society, a classroom action) are such that each person can become their full selves and can participate wholly in mutually beneficial social processes. Being/becoming socially just, then, implies both a set of initial conditions as well as (in)tangible results or lived experiences. One requisite precondition, of the set of initial conditions for being socially just, is equity, which we see as a state of being in which every person, particularly those who have been historically marginalized, has access to what they require in order to meaningfully engage in these processes of forming socially just contexts. Specifically, in action, for us, being/becoming socially just entails:
这期特刊最初是同事们的一次对话,他们希望为关于公平和社会正义的富有挑战性的对话创造更大的空间。我们寻求机会对本期进行客座编辑,以创建一个工作平台,促进和鼓励调查社会正义、数学教育和公平交叉点的新方法。我们已经意识到同事们勇于突破界限,但我们从未想象过正在做的令人难以置信的工作。本期特刊中的文章以不同的方式概念化了学生和教师的种族化身份,我们觉得这种强烈的关注帮助我们实现了目标。然而,我们认识到,作为一期特刊的编辑,我们肩负着政治责任。关于包括谁的声音和排除谁的声音,什么是高质量的,为什么这些是我们正在使用的标准,以及我们如何展示与社会正义相关的研究范围,我们做出了许多艰难的决定。我们需要进行多次对话,以确定需要通过这个平台提升的声音。《数学学习调查》的编辑团队很荣幸地为我们提供了这些声音。我们为本期的工作以及所有对此做出贡献的人感到骄傲,包括审稿人、作者、所有提交提案的人和IML的编辑。作为这一编辑过程的开始和结束,我们感到有责任阐明我们如何理解与社会正义相关的概念、过程和目标之间的相互关系,因此我们提供了以下框架。对我们来说,社会正义更多地是一个形容词,而不是名词——它是一个描述存在/成为特定方式的短语,而不是一个表示静态实体的对象。“社会公正”的属性代表了许多潜在的存在/成为方式之一,因此,这远非不可避免。对我们来说,根据贝尔(2016)的公式,社会公正意味着所考虑主题的背景和条件(例如,社会、课堂活动),每个人都可以成为完整的自己,并完全参与互利的社会过程。因此,社会公正意味着一系列初始条件以及有形的结果或生活经历。社会公正的一套初始条件的一个必要先决条件是公平,我们认为公平是一种存在状态,在这种状态下,每个人,特别是那些历史上被边缘化的人,都能获得他们所需要的东西,以便有意义地参与这些形成社会公正环境的过程。具体来说,在行动中,对我们来说,成为社会成员只需要:
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引用次数: 0
Supporting the Development of Mathematics Teacher Educators through Lesson Study 以课研支持数学教师教育工作者的发展
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2020-12-20 DOI: 10.1080/19477503.2020.1865029
Angela T. Barlow, Jeffrey D. Pair, Kristin S. Hartland, Teresa A. Schmidt, A. M. Kassaee, Cicely A. Woodard
Graduate School, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas; Mathematics and Statistics Department, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California; Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama; University Studies, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee; Department of Mathematical Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee; Freedom Middle School, Franklin, Tennessee
阿肯色州康威市中阿肯色大学研究生院;加利福尼亚州立大学长滩分校数学与统计系,加利福尼亚州长滩;阿拉巴马州亨茨维尔的阿拉巴马大学数学科学系;田纳西州默弗里斯伯勒田纳西州中部州立大学大学研究;田纳西州默弗里斯伯勒,中田纳西州立大学数学科学系;田纳西州富兰克林自由中学
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引用次数: 1
Rethinking Problem-Posing Situations: A Review 重新思考提出问题的情况:回顾
Q2 Mathematics Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19477503.2020.1841501
Lukas Baumanns, Benjamin Rott
ABSTRACT In research on mathematical problem posing, a broad spectrum of different situations is used to induce the activity of posing problems. This review aims at characterizing these so-called problem-posing situations by conducting three consecutive analyses: (1) By analyzing the openness of potential problem-posing situations, the concept of “mathematical posing” is concretized. (2) The problem-posing situations are assigned to the categories free, semi-structured, and structured by Stoyanova and Ellerton to illustrate the distribution of situations used in research. (3) Finally, the initial problems of the structured problem-posing situations are analyzed with regard to whether they are routine or non-routine problems. These analyses are conducted on 271 potential problem-posing situations from 241 systematically gathered articles on problem posing. The purpose of this review is to provide a framework for the identification of differences between problem-posing situations.
在数学问题提出的研究中,广泛的不同情况被用来诱导提出问题的活动。本文旨在通过三个连续的分析来表征这些所谓的问题情境:(1)通过分析潜在问题情境的开放性,具体化了“数学问题”的概念。(2) Stoyanova和Ellerton将提出问题的情境划分为自由、半结构化和结构化三类,以说明研究中使用情境的分布。(3)最后,分析结构化问题提出情境的初始问题是常规问题还是非常规问题。这些分析是对系统收集的241篇问题提出文章中的271种潜在问题提出情况进行的。这一审查的目的是提供一个框架,以确定问题产生情况之间的差异。
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引用次数: 19
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Investigations in Mathematics Learning
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