Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.86316
M. Mustapha, P. Goel
This research was performed on uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates and established the genes of resistance to ciprofloxacin between the isolates. A total of one hundred and three urine samples were tested for uropathogenic E. coli which were obtained from dogs with urinary tract infections (UTIs) using cultural isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility test, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results revealed that genes associated with ciprofloxacin resistance are 24.3% positive for E. coli. The E. coli isolates were resistant to both ciprofloxacin and ampicillin (100%), highly susceptible to chloramphenicol (84.0%), and less susceptible to gentamycin (44.0%) and amikacin (40.0%). The PCR tests showed the presence of the ParC (in 25 samples; 100%), GyrA (in 25 samples; 100%), and GyrB (in 4 samples; 16.0%) genes. The findings of the present study showed an upsetting rate of ciprofloxacin and ampicillin resistance among the E. coli isolates from dogs with UTIs.
{"title":"Detection of Ciprofloxacin resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from dogs with urinary tract infections","authors":"M. Mustapha, P. Goel","doi":"10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.86316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.86316","url":null,"abstract":"This research was performed on uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates and established the genes of resistance to ciprofloxacin between the isolates. A total of one hundred and three urine samples were tested for uropathogenic E. coli which were obtained from dogs with urinary tract infections (UTIs) using cultural isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility test, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results revealed that genes associated with ciprofloxacin resistance are 24.3% positive for E. coli. The E. coli isolates were resistant to both ciprofloxacin and ampicillin (100%), highly susceptible to chloramphenicol (84.0%), and less susceptible to gentamycin (44.0%) and amikacin (40.0%). The PCR tests showed the presence of the ParC (in 25 samples; 100%), GyrA (in 25 samples; 100%), and GyrB (in 4 samples; 16.0%) genes. The findings of the present study showed an upsetting rate of ciprofloxacin and ampicillin resistance among the E. coli isolates from dogs with UTIs.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45087367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.85599
Nafiseh Keivani Rad, M. Mohri, H. Seifi, A. Haghparast
The present study examined the effects of overripe banana (Musa cavendish) pulp and green banana peel extract and powder on oxidants/antioxidants parameters and some minerals in Holstein dairy calves. Forty newborn calves were randomly divided into four groups of 10 (control, group one, group two and group three). The groups were homogenous for the parity of the dams and the time of birth.Within 12-48 hours of birth, calves were assigned to their treatment groups. In the control group, animals received no banana meal. In group one, calves were supplemented with 2 g (dry matter)/kg body weight/day of overripe banana pulp extract for five days. The calves in group two were supplemented with 1 g (dry matter) of overripe banana pulp extract /kg body weight/day and 1 g (dry matter) of green banana peel extract/kg body weight/day for five days. The animals in group three were supplemented with 2 g/kg body weight/day of green banana peel powder for five days. Blood samples were taken on day 0 (at birth) and on days 7, 15 and 30 through the jugular vein. Age (the time of sampling) had a significant effect on the values of phosphorous, potassium, iron, copper, FRAP and activity of GPx enzyme (p < 0.05). Significant group and sampling time interaction was seen for the FRAP concentrations (p < 0.05). In conclusion, banana supplementation in the Holstein dairy calf’s diet at the concentration and duration that was reported in the present study had beneficial effect on the values of FRAP.
{"title":"The Effects of administration of different parts of banana (Musa cavendish) fruit extracts and peel powder on the oxidative/antioxidative characteristics and some mineral concentrations in neonatal dairy calves","authors":"Nafiseh Keivani Rad, M. Mohri, H. Seifi, A. Haghparast","doi":"10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.85599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.85599","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined the effects of overripe banana (Musa cavendish) pulp and green banana peel extract and powder on oxidants/antioxidants parameters and some minerals in Holstein dairy calves. Forty newborn calves were randomly divided into four groups of 10 (control, group one, group two and group three). The groups were homogenous for the parity of the dams and the time of birth.Within 12-48 hours of birth, calves were assigned to their treatment groups. In the control group, animals received no banana meal. In group one, calves were supplemented with 2 g (dry matter)/kg body weight/day of overripe banana pulp extract for five days. The calves in group two were supplemented with 1 g (dry matter) of overripe banana pulp extract /kg body weight/day and 1 g (dry matter) of green banana peel extract/kg body weight/day for five days. The animals in group three were supplemented with 2 g/kg body weight/day of green banana peel powder for five days. Blood samples were taken on day 0 (at birth) and on days 7, 15 and 30 through the jugular vein. Age (the time of sampling) had a significant effect on the values of phosphorous, potassium, iron, copper, FRAP and activity of GPx enzyme (p < 0.05). Significant group and sampling time interaction was seen for the FRAP concentrations (p < 0.05). In conclusion, banana supplementation in the Holstein dairy calf’s diet at the concentration and duration that was reported in the present study had beneficial effect on the values of FRAP.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"37-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49163557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.86943
M. Abbasnejad, R. Kooshki, S. Esmaeili-Mahani, Abbas Tajabadi, R. Naderi
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of different available bedding materials on learning and memory performance, bedding texture preference as well as intra-cage ammonia concentration in rats. The animals were housed on different bedding types for two weeks. Bedding materials were produced in the same sizes from poplar, walnut, pistachio, apricot, almond woods and alfalfa steam and live. Spatial and passive avoidance learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze (MWM) and shuttle box tasks. A modifying six-arm radial maze was used to assess bedding texture preference by rats. For each bedding groups, average ammonia level (ppm) over a week was calculated. The data indicated that the rats that had walnut and almond chips show better learning and memory performance in both MWM and shuttle box tests than other groups. The weakest learning and memory performances were observed in rats exposed to alfalfa bedding. In texture preference test, the rats spent more time in walnut and almond arms, and less time in alfalfa. Besides, the total water and food intake as well as the number of visit to alfalfa arm were decreased as compared to other arms. Moreover, in alfalfa bedding cage, average intra-cage ammonia level was utmost. Overall, current bedding materials may contain diverse biochemically effective compounds or individual micro edges which alter learning and memory performances of rats.
{"title":"The effects of bedding materials on learning and memory performance and texture preference in rats","authors":"M. Abbasnejad, R. Kooshki, S. Esmaeili-Mahani, Abbas Tajabadi, R. Naderi","doi":"10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.86943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.86943","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to investigate the effect of different available bedding materials on learning and memory performance, bedding texture preference as well as intra-cage ammonia concentration in rats. The animals were housed on different bedding types for two weeks. Bedding materials were produced in the same sizes from poplar, walnut, pistachio, apricot, almond woods and alfalfa steam and live. Spatial and passive avoidance learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze (MWM) and shuttle box tasks. A modifying six-arm radial maze was used to assess bedding texture preference by rats. For each bedding groups, average ammonia level (ppm) over a week was calculated. The data indicated that the rats that had walnut and almond chips show better learning and memory performance in both MWM and shuttle box tests than other groups. The weakest learning and memory performances were observed in rats exposed to alfalfa bedding. In texture preference test, the rats spent more time in walnut and almond arms, and less time in alfalfa. Besides, the total water and food intake as well as the number of visit to alfalfa arm were decreased as compared to other arms. Moreover, in alfalfa bedding cage, average intra-cage ammonia level was utmost. Overall, current bedding materials may contain diverse biochemically effective compounds or individual micro edges which alter learning and memory performances of rats.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45543441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.83273
M. Rostaminia, D. Habibi, S. Shahbazi, B. Sani, A. Pazoki
Pseudomonas infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and saprophytic fungi are now increasingly being recognized as serious pathogens in immunocompromised patients.To investigate the effect of using bio-materials on mammalian tissues,two experiments were designed;the first one was feeding of Balb/c mice with irrigated lettuce with bio-fungicide (mutant and wild)and bio-fertilizers prepared with Pseudomonas (p) fluorescens, p. putida, p. aeruginosa, and the second was the usage of drinking water containing (Trichoderma (T) spores (mutant and wild) or P.fluorescens, P.putida, P.aeruginosa suspensions). Then, blood factors and inflammation of tissues (liver, kidney, spleen and large intestine) in all mice were analyzed after two months. Blood samples were taken from the mice to examine some of the hematological (RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC) (data not shown) and biochemical (AST, ALT, ALP) factors, and also observed under a microscope. The study of tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in all treatments showed that the strains in these bio-fertilizers did not stimulate carcinogenic indices.The results from the other blood factors were normal for all strains (data not shown).Only P.putida showed no adverse effect on the increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP).The results also showed that the effect of bio-fungicide on mammalian tissues (spleen and large intestine) was normal. But a small number of mild liver necrosis was seen in the treatment groups with wild Trichoderma, and moderate necrosis in the the liver tissue after treatment with mutant Trichoderma isolates.More investigation should be made to determine the impact of these biotic factors on the mammalian tissues before commercialization.
{"title":"Biological effects of agricultural bio-materials on some blood and tissue factors in Balb/c mice","authors":"M. Rostaminia, D. Habibi, S. Shahbazi, B. Sani, A. Pazoki","doi":"10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.83273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.83273","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudomonas infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and saprophytic fungi are now increasingly being recognized as serious pathogens in immunocompromised patients.To investigate the effect of using bio-materials on mammalian tissues,two experiments were designed;the first one was feeding of Balb/c mice with irrigated lettuce with bio-fungicide (mutant and wild)and bio-fertilizers prepared with Pseudomonas (p) fluorescens, p. putida, p. aeruginosa, and the second was the usage of drinking water containing (Trichoderma (T) spores (mutant and wild) or P.fluorescens, P.putida, P.aeruginosa suspensions). Then, blood factors and inflammation of tissues (liver, kidney, spleen and large intestine) in all mice were analyzed after two months. Blood samples were taken from the mice to examine some of the hematological (RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC) (data not shown) and biochemical (AST, ALT, ALP) factors, and also observed under a microscope. The study of tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in all treatments showed that the strains in these bio-fertilizers did not stimulate carcinogenic indices.The results from the other blood factors were normal for all strains (data not shown).Only P.putida showed no adverse effect on the increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP).The results also showed that the effect of bio-fungicide on mammalian tissues (spleen and large intestine) was normal. But a small number of mild liver necrosis was seen in the treatment groups with wild Trichoderma, and moderate necrosis in the the liver tissue after treatment with mutant Trichoderma isolates.More investigation should be made to determine the impact of these biotic factors on the mammalian tissues before commercialization.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45458680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.85313
Zana Shahabi, M. Jalali, B. Mohamadian, M. H. Hajikolaei, M. Jalali
Many diseases, including renal disorders in ruminants, appear in subclinical form and lead to reduced production without causing clinical signs. In this research, blood and tissue samples of kidney were taken from 102 buffaloes from Ahvaz industrial abattoir and sent to the laboratory for biochemical and histopathological analysis. After preparing the pathological sections from kidney specimens, conventional and specific staining and microscopic examination, 41 samples had no kidney lesion was considered as control and 61 specimens as the lesion group. The samples with renal lesions were divided into 4 subgroups including acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, Urinary tubular inflammation, and Congestion. The samples were also divided and compared to males and females. In blood samples, serum biochemical tests including parathyroid hormone, erythropoietin, and vitamin D3 were measured by using ELISA-specific commercial kits. After statistical analysis, the results of vitamin D3 in the studied groups did not show any significant difference. However, erythropoietin and parathormone values in buffaloes with renal lesions were significantly lower and higher than those in control animals respectively. The results of this study showed that most of the kidney lesions in the studied buffaloes including the mentioned above have led to a decrease in the production of erythropoietin hormone following the occurrence of these lesions and its functional effects on the kidneys. Naturally, the effects of this hormone deficiency are expected to be reflected in the hemogram and eventually, anemia resulting from it may affect overall body health.
{"title":"The association between erythropoietin, vitamin D3 and parathormone levels and kidney lesions in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).","authors":"Zana Shahabi, M. Jalali, B. Mohamadian, M. H. Hajikolaei, M. Jalali","doi":"10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.85313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.85313","url":null,"abstract":"Many diseases, including renal disorders in ruminants, appear in subclinical form and lead to reduced production without causing clinical signs. In this research, blood and tissue samples of kidney were taken from 102 buffaloes from Ahvaz industrial abattoir and sent to the laboratory for biochemical and histopathological analysis. After preparing the pathological sections from kidney specimens, conventional and specific staining and microscopic examination, 41 samples had no kidney lesion was considered as control and 61 specimens as the lesion group. The samples with renal lesions were divided into 4 subgroups including acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, Urinary tubular inflammation, and Congestion. The samples were also divided and compared to males and females. In blood samples, serum biochemical tests including parathyroid hormone, erythropoietin, and vitamin D3 were measured by using ELISA-specific commercial kits. After statistical analysis, the results of vitamin D3 in the studied groups did not show any significant difference. However, erythropoietin and parathormone values in buffaloes with renal lesions were significantly lower and higher than those in control animals respectively. The results of this study showed that most of the kidney lesions in the studied buffaloes including the mentioned above have led to a decrease in the production of erythropoietin hormone following the occurrence of these lesions and its functional effects on the kidneys. Naturally, the effects of this hormone deficiency are expected to be reflected in the hemogram and eventually, anemia resulting from it may affect overall body health.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44018513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.85433
Razieh Sharchi, J. Shayegh, S. Hosseinzadeh
Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell density dependent mechanism used by many pathogenic bacteria for regulating virulence gene expression. Inhibition or interruption of QS by herbal remedies has been suggested as a new strategy for fighting against antibiotic resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Satureja sahendica hydroalcoholic extract (SSHE) against Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) isolates, and to assess the impact of sub-inhibitory concentrations of this extract on the QS-associated gene (sdiA) expression. Using the Soxhlet method, hydroalcoholic extract of S. sahendica leaves was prepared and antimicrobial effects of the SSHE were determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methodS. The reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was used to analyze the expression of sdiA in 20 S. Typhimurium isolates from poultry flocks in response to the treatment of sub-inhibitory concentrations of SSHE at 60-min time point. The MIC values of SSHE against S. Typhimurium isolates were ranged from 0.29-4.68 mg/ml-1 and MBC values were ranging from 75-150 mg/ml-1. The results also indicated that the expression of sdiA gene was reduced in S. Typhimurium isolates triggered by the treatment of SSHE comparatively with those from the control cultureS. Findings suggest that SSHE possess the antibacterial and anti-QS activity and can be used to control the expression of virulence genes in pathogenic bacteria, such as S. Typhimurium.
{"title":"Anti-quorum sensing and antibacterial activities of Satureja sahendica hydroalcoholic extract against avian isolate of Salmonella Typhimurium","authors":"Razieh Sharchi, J. Shayegh, S. Hosseinzadeh","doi":"10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.85433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.85433","url":null,"abstract":"Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell density dependent mechanism used by many pathogenic bacteria for regulating virulence gene expression. Inhibition or interruption of QS by herbal remedies has been suggested as a new strategy for fighting against antibiotic resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Satureja sahendica hydroalcoholic extract (SSHE) against Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) isolates, and to assess the impact of sub-inhibitory concentrations of this extract on the QS-associated gene (sdiA) expression. Using the Soxhlet method, hydroalcoholic extract of S. sahendica leaves was prepared and antimicrobial effects of the SSHE were determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methodS. The reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was used to analyze the expression of sdiA in 20 S. Typhimurium isolates from poultry flocks in response to the treatment of sub-inhibitory concentrations of SSHE at 60-min time point. The MIC values of SSHE against S. Typhimurium isolates were ranged from 0.29-4.68 mg/ml-1 and MBC values were ranging from 75-150 mg/ml-1. The results also indicated that the expression of sdiA gene was reduced in S. Typhimurium isolates triggered by the treatment of SSHE comparatively with those from the control cultureS. Findings suggest that SSHE possess the antibacterial and anti-QS activity and can be used to control the expression of virulence genes in pathogenic bacteria, such as S. Typhimurium.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"71-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46729320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-12DOI: 10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.82719
Arman Emrarian, A. A. Sarchahi
The type of device used, the type of local anesthetic agents, and the animal species may affect the intraocular pressure(IOP). Therefore, in order to determine these issues, the effects of four local anesthetics were investigated in 10 adult rabbits by ICare TA01i and Tono-Pen Vet tonometers. In the right eye of half of the rabbits and in the left eye of the other half of the rabbits, one drop of tetracaine was instilled. The IOP in each rabbit was measured using two tonometers, ICare and Tono-Pen Vet, before and each 5 minutes until 40 minutes later. The effects of other drugs were also studied at least with one-week interval. Based on the results of ICare tonometer, tetracaine significantly reduced the IOP immediately and 25 minutes after instillation. IOP changes after instillation of bupivacaine, lidocaine and proparacaine were not significant at any time compared to baseline values (p > 0.05). Based on the results of Tono-Pen Vet tonometer, all drugs reduced the IOP immediately after use; however, the effects of bupivacaine and lidocaine on IOP were much lower than that of tetracaine and proparacaine. The average duration of corneal anesthesia were 20, 15.5, 7.5 and 21 minutes for tetracaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine, and proparacaine, respectively. It is concluded that IOP reduction by local anesthetics when Tono-Pen Vet is used is much greater than the ICare tonometer measurements. Also, the reduction of IOP with each of the devices when tetracaine or proparacaine is used is greater than when bupivacaine or lidocaine is used.
{"title":"Effect of four local anesthetics (tetracaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine and proparacaine) on intraocular pressure in rabbits- Comparison of an applanation and a rebound tonometer","authors":"Arman Emrarian, A. A. Sarchahi","doi":"10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.82719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/VETERINARY.V12I1.82719","url":null,"abstract":"The type of device used, the type of local anesthetic agents, and the animal species may affect the intraocular pressure(IOP). Therefore, in order to determine these issues, the effects of four local anesthetics were investigated in 10 adult rabbits by ICare TA01i and Tono-Pen Vet tonometers. In the right eye of half of the rabbits and in the left eye of the other half of the rabbits, one drop of tetracaine was instilled. The IOP in each rabbit was measured using two tonometers, ICare and Tono-Pen Vet, before and each 5 minutes until 40 minutes later. The effects of other drugs were also studied at least with one-week interval. Based on the results of ICare tonometer, tetracaine significantly reduced the IOP immediately and 25 minutes after instillation. IOP changes after instillation of bupivacaine, lidocaine and proparacaine were not significant at any time compared to baseline values (p > 0.05). Based on the results of Tono-Pen Vet tonometer, all drugs reduced the IOP immediately after use; however, the effects of bupivacaine and lidocaine on IOP were much lower than that of tetracaine and proparacaine. The average duration of corneal anesthesia were 20, 15.5, 7.5 and 21 minutes for tetracaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine, and proparacaine, respectively. It is concluded that IOP reduction by local anesthetics when Tono-Pen Vet is used is much greater than the ICare tonometer measurements. Also, the reduction of IOP with each of the devices when tetracaine or proparacaine is used is greater than when bupivacaine or lidocaine is used.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44686494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-09DOI: 10.37591/RRJOVST.V8I3.2494
P. Kumar, V. Tejaswani
A nine-year-old male dog presented with blepharospasm and epiphora in the right eye was diagnosed to have a penetrating corneal foreign body. As the dog was non-cooperative, it was decided to remove the foreign body under general anesthesia. The ocular cul-de-sac was irrigated with 0.5% povidone iodine solution under general anesthesia and the foreign body was removed carefully using a fine needle tip. The cornea was checked for its intactness at the site of injury and found a small penetrating wound. Postoperative medication was given for seven postoperative days. The dog was able to close its eyelids partially by first operative day and the symptoms such as blepharospasm and epiphora were subsided by second postoperative day. Complete recovery was noticed by seventh postoperative day and no postoperative complications were recorded. Keywords: Blepharospasm, corneal foreign body, epiphora, surgical management, thorn Cite this Article V. Tejaswani, P. Ravi Kumar . Management of Corneal Foreign Body in a Dog Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2019; 8( 3 ): 1 2 p.
{"title":"Management of Corneal Foreign Body in a Dog","authors":"P. Kumar, V. Tejaswani","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V8I3.2494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V8I3.2494","url":null,"abstract":"A nine-year-old male dog presented with blepharospasm and epiphora in the right eye was diagnosed to have a penetrating corneal foreign body. As the dog was non-cooperative, it was decided to remove the foreign body under general anesthesia. The ocular cul-de-sac was irrigated with 0.5% povidone iodine solution under general anesthesia and the foreign body was removed carefully using a fine needle tip. The cornea was checked for its intactness at the site of injury and found a small penetrating wound. Postoperative medication was given for seven postoperative days. The dog was able to close its eyelids partially by first operative day and the symptoms such as blepharospasm and epiphora were subsided by second postoperative day. Complete recovery was noticed by seventh postoperative day and no postoperative complications were recorded. Keywords: Blepharospasm, corneal foreign body, epiphora, surgical management, thorn Cite this Article V. Tejaswani, P. Ravi Kumar . Management of Corneal Foreign Body in a Dog Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2019; 8( 3 ): 1 2 p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"162 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87919567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-09DOI: 10.37591/RRJOVST.V8I3.2488
P. Kumar, V. Tejaswani
A one-month-old domestic chick (Gallus gallus domesticus) presented to the hospital with symptom of anorexia for the past one day was diagnosed to have a crop foreign body and decided for surgical correction. Under local analgesia, the crop was opened and the foreign body was removed. The ingluviotomy wound was closed by Cushing’s suture with size 3-0 Polyglactin 910 and skin wound by simple interrupted sutures using size 2-0 braided silk. The foreign body removed was a plastic tube of 8 cm length. Postoperatively, the bird was given antibiotics for three days. Regular dressing of the wound was done till the ninth postoperative day. Uneventful recovery was noticed with no postoperative complications. Keywords: Chick, crop foreign body, local analgesia, ingluviotomy, Cushing’s suture Cite this Article V. Tejaswani, P. Ravi Kumar. Management of Crop Foreign Body in a Juvenile Chicken (Gallus gallus Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2019; 8(3): 6 8 p.
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Pub Date : 2019-03-07DOI: 10.37591/RRJOVST.V7I3.1540
Rojita Yengkhom, Mokshta Gupta, E. Lokesha, B. Handique, L. Singh
Mastitis remains a major challenge to the dairy industry in terms of economic losses occurring throughout the world. Bovine mastitis is the endemic, persistent and inflammatory reaction of the mammary gland and/or udder tissue of milch animals particularly medium to high yielding dairy cattle, usually in and around peri-parturient period caused by various infectious or non-infectious etiological agents. It is a global problem as it affects animal health, milk production as well economics of the country. The clinical signs and diagnosis may vary depending on the source, mode of the transmission and forms of the disease. Several methods with varying results exist for the management of different forms of bovine mastitis. The objective of this present review is to describe the relevant aspects of physiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment strategies of bovine mastitis. Keywords : Bovine, mastitis, mammary gland, health Cite this Article Yengkhom R, Gupta M, Lokesha E, et al. Bovine Mastitis and Its Treatment Strategies. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2018; 7(3): 11–16p.
乳腺炎仍然是一个主要的挑战，乳品行业的经济损失发生在世界各地。牛乳腺炎是一种地方性的、持续性的炎症反应，发生在哺乳动物，特别是中高产奶牛的乳腺和/或乳房组织，通常发生在围产期和前后，由各种传染性或非传染性病原体引起。这是一个全球性问题，因为它影响动物健康、牛奶生产以及国家经济。临床症状和诊断可能因疾病的来源、传播方式和形式而异。几种方法与不同的结果存在管理不同形式的牛乳腺炎。本综述的目的是描述有关方面的生理学，临床体征，诊断和治疗策略的牛乳腺炎。关键词:牛，乳腺炎，乳腺，健康Yengkhom R, Gupta M, Lokesha E等牛乳腺炎及其治疗策略。研究综述:《兽医科技杂志》2018;7 (3): 11-16p。
{"title":"Bovine Mastitis and its Treatment Strategies","authors":"Rojita Yengkhom, Mokshta Gupta, E. Lokesha, B. Handique, L. Singh","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V7I3.1540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V7I3.1540","url":null,"abstract":"Mastitis remains a major challenge to the dairy industry in terms of economic losses occurring throughout the world. Bovine mastitis is the endemic, persistent and inflammatory reaction of the mammary gland and/or udder tissue of milch animals particularly medium to high yielding dairy cattle, usually in and around peri-parturient period caused by various infectious or non-infectious etiological agents. It is a global problem as it affects animal health, milk production as well economics of the country. The clinical signs and diagnosis may vary depending on the source, mode of the transmission and forms of the disease. Several methods with varying results exist for the management of different forms of bovine mastitis. The objective of this present review is to describe the relevant aspects of physiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment strategies of bovine mastitis. Keywords : Bovine, mastitis, mammary gland, health Cite this Article Yengkhom R, Gupta M, Lokesha E, et al. Bovine Mastitis and Its Treatment Strategies. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2018; 7(3): 11–16p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"11-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88256124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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