Pub Date : 2021-09-22DOI: 10.1080/17504902.2021.1981627
Victoria Van Orden Martínez
ABSTRACT This article makes visible and analyzes survivor testimonies gathered in interviews between Jewish and non-Jewish Polish survivors of Nazi persecution in Sweden in 1945–1946. By examining the content of the testimonies in relation to the distinct context, it contributes to research about early documentation efforts and their role in shaping Polish memory of the Holocaust as well as post-conflict relations between Jewish and non-Jewish Poles. The analysis explores whether or to what extent the acts of witnessing took place across an insurmountable divide of identity and experience or on a more common ground where such differences were respected and appreciated.
{"title":"Witnessing against a divide? An analysis of early Holocaust testimonies constructed in interviews between Jewish and non-Jewish Poles","authors":"Victoria Van Orden Martínez","doi":"10.1080/17504902.2021.1981627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2021.1981627","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article makes visible and analyzes survivor testimonies gathered in interviews between Jewish and non-Jewish Polish survivors of Nazi persecution in Sweden in 1945–1946. By examining the content of the testimonies in relation to the distinct context, it contributes to research about early documentation efforts and their role in shaping Polish memory of the Holocaust as well as post-conflict relations between Jewish and non-Jewish Poles. The analysis explores whether or to what extent the acts of witnessing took place across an insurmountable divide of identity and experience or on a more common ground where such differences were respected and appreciated.","PeriodicalId":36890,"journal":{"name":"Holocaust Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"483 - 505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41426948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.1080/17504902.2021.1970955
E. Kissi
ABSTRACT This article addresses some of the entangled histories and memories that connect the Holocaust to sub-Saharan Africa. It focuses on communications between British policymakers in London and colonial administrators in eastern and western Africa and what they reveal about efforts to resettle some European Jews in Britain’s colonial empire, between 1933 and 1945. Attention is paid to the emotions of Jewish refugees in Europe as they confronted the prospect of exile in Africa, the experiences of those who settled there, their interactions with indigenous Africans, and the impact of the Holocaust on European colonialism in Africa.
{"title":"Integrating sub-Saharan Africa into a historical and cultural study of the Holocaust","authors":"E. Kissi","doi":"10.1080/17504902.2021.1970955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2021.1970955","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article addresses some of the entangled histories and memories that connect the Holocaust to sub-Saharan Africa. It focuses on communications between British policymakers in London and colonial administrators in eastern and western Africa and what they reveal about efforts to resettle some European Jews in Britain’s colonial empire, between 1933 and 1945. Attention is paid to the emotions of Jewish refugees in Europe as they confronted the prospect of exile in Africa, the experiences of those who settled there, their interactions with indigenous Africans, and the impact of the Holocaust on European colonialism in Africa.","PeriodicalId":36890,"journal":{"name":"Holocaust Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"429 - 457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45921903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1080/17504902.2021.1957619
Miranda Brethour
ABSTRACT This article considers the changing forms of economic relations between Jewish and Gentile residents of the Eastern Polish town of Włodawa from the 1920s to the immediate postwar years, focusing on their interactions during the German occupation of 1939 to 1944. It adopts a microhistorical approach by revealing how the proximity of the Sobibór extermination camp shaped Jewish survival strategies and dynamics of inter-ethnic relations. Drawing on local court documents and postwar testimonies, I follow the lines of communication between the camp and Włodawa and argue that widespread local knowledge of the murder of Jews at Sobibór drove the plunder and take-over of ‘post-Jewish’ goods and property (‘mienie pożydowskie’) in and around the town. By providing a new perspective on how knowledge of and encounters with mechanisms of extermination determined Jewish-Gentile interactions during the Holocaust, this article illuminates routine forms of collaboration and broadens our understanding of the genocide in rural Poland.
{"title":"Life and Death In the shadow of Sobibór: economic dimensions of Jewish-Gentile relations in the town of Włodawa, 1939-1944","authors":"Miranda Brethour","doi":"10.1080/17504902.2021.1957619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2021.1957619","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article considers the changing forms of economic relations between Jewish and Gentile residents of the Eastern Polish town of Włodawa from the 1920s to the immediate postwar years, focusing on their interactions during the German occupation of 1939 to 1944. It adopts a microhistorical approach by revealing how the proximity of the Sobibór extermination camp shaped Jewish survival strategies and dynamics of inter-ethnic relations. Drawing on local court documents and postwar testimonies, I follow the lines of communication between the camp and Włodawa and argue that widespread local knowledge of the murder of Jews at Sobibór drove the plunder and take-over of ‘post-Jewish’ goods and property (‘mienie pożydowskie’) in and around the town. By providing a new perspective on how knowledge of and encounters with mechanisms of extermination determined Jewish-Gentile interactions during the Holocaust, this article illuminates routine forms of collaboration and broadens our understanding of the genocide in rural Poland.","PeriodicalId":36890,"journal":{"name":"Holocaust Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"403 - 428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42469782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/17504902.2020.1744889
A. Levin
ABSTRACT This article employs a close reading of Elie Wiesel’s third novel, Day (1961), as a lens through which to explore the difficulties inherent in disengaging from the Holocaust past and their impact on the Holocaust survivor’s efforts to live in the present. In particular, The article explores how the novel’s narrative employs silence, a key Wieselian symbol, in constructing its overarching framework. These textual silences, I suggest, portray the text’s protagonist’s inability to escape his past at the camps. It is only through transforming these silences into speech that he is able to truly begin to live in the present.
{"title":"Breaking silences in the Aftermath of Holocaust trauma in Elie Wiesel’s Day","authors":"A. Levin","doi":"10.1080/17504902.2020.1744889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2020.1744889","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article employs a close reading of Elie Wiesel’s third novel, Day (1961), as a lens through which to explore the difficulties inherent in disengaging from the Holocaust past and their impact on the Holocaust survivor’s efforts to live in the present. In particular, The article explores how the novel’s narrative employs silence, a key Wieselian symbol, in constructing its overarching framework. These textual silences, I suggest, portray the text’s protagonist’s inability to escape his past at the camps. It is only through transforming these silences into speech that he is able to truly begin to live in the present.","PeriodicalId":36890,"journal":{"name":"Holocaust Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":"351 - 370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17504902.2020.1744889","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44574464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-21DOI: 10.1080/17504902.2021.1940691
J. Gortat
ABSTRACT Although the Holocaust undoubtedly belongs to the Austrian cultural memory, the memory of the genocide appears to be limited to the crimes perpetuated on Austrian territory or in the concentration camps. Two films produced recently – Anatomy of a Trial and The Testament, shift the focus onto the exoneration of Nazi perpetrators and the case of the crimes perpetrated on Austrian soil. Plots of both films are predicated upon a search for evidence leading to the truth about Austrian Nazi crimes. Their message takes the impact of the Holocaust beyond the boundaries of Austrian territory and the sphere of concentration camps.
{"title":"Excavating the Nazi past in Austrian contemporary film: Murer: Anatomy of a Trial (2018) and The Testament (2017)","authors":"J. Gortat","doi":"10.1080/17504902.2021.1940691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2021.1940691","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although the Holocaust undoubtedly belongs to the Austrian cultural memory, the memory of the genocide appears to be limited to the crimes perpetuated on Austrian territory or in the concentration camps. Two films produced recently – Anatomy of a Trial and The Testament, shift the focus onto the exoneration of Nazi perpetrators and the case of the crimes perpetrated on Austrian soil. Plots of both films are predicated upon a search for evidence leading to the truth about Austrian Nazi crimes. Their message takes the impact of the Holocaust beyond the boundaries of Austrian territory and the sphere of concentration camps.","PeriodicalId":36890,"journal":{"name":"Holocaust Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"506 - 529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17504902.2021.1940691","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47249094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-15DOI: 10.1080/17504902.2021.1928422
Katherine Aron-Beller
ABSTRACT On 16th June 1945 Ralph Aron, an eighteen-year-old German Jew from Recklinghausen, left Theresienstadt and returned home. Before he had even thought about his own future, he decided to record what had happened to him during the Holocaust. In 1995, two years before his death, Aron again recorded his experiences - this time with more reflection and a developed sense of having processed his experiences and survival. My paper compares these two memoirs by my late father, investigating the differences between his perceptions in 1945 and his deep memories of 1995.
{"title":"Between perception and deep memory: Ralph Aron’s Holocaust memoirs of 1945 and 1995","authors":"Katherine Aron-Beller","doi":"10.1080/17504902.2021.1928422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2021.1928422","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT On 16th June 1945 Ralph Aron, an eighteen-year-old German Jew from Recklinghausen, left Theresienstadt and returned home. Before he had even thought about his own future, he decided to record what had happened to him during the Holocaust. In 1995, two years before his death, Aron again recorded his experiences - this time with more reflection and a developed sense of having processed his experiences and survival. My paper compares these two memoirs by my late father, investigating the differences between his perceptions in 1945 and his deep memories of 1995.","PeriodicalId":36890,"journal":{"name":"Holocaust Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"221 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17504902.2021.1928422","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41486735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-27DOI: 10.1080/17504902.2021.1914959
Alicja Jarkowska
ABSTRACT This study has explored the criminal cases involving Jews heard in Krakow District Court in the period 1939–1944. Among those documents, there are also 23 denunciations from different periods submitted to German authorities, of social, economic, racial, and political nature. There are also cases linked to blackmailing Jews. The article examined the most important criminal cases involving Jews, specificity the work of the court regarding the individual matters as following: seizure of property; acts of violence; forgery and theft of documents. The study has found the significant differences between the criminal cases conducted by the court before and after the Reinhardt Action.
{"title":"Criminal cases involving Jews heard in Krakow District Court in the period 1939–1944. A contribution to further research","authors":"Alicja Jarkowska","doi":"10.1080/17504902.2021.1914959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2021.1914959","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study has explored the criminal cases involving Jews heard in Krakow District Court in the period 1939–1944. Among those documents, there are also 23 denunciations from different periods submitted to German authorities, of social, economic, racial, and political nature. There are also cases linked to blackmailing Jews. The article examined the most important criminal cases involving Jews, specificity the work of the court regarding the individual matters as following: seizure of property; acts of violence; forgery and theft of documents. The study has found the significant differences between the criminal cases conducted by the court before and after the Reinhardt Action.","PeriodicalId":36890,"journal":{"name":"Holocaust Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"163 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17504902.2021.1914959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45713113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-15DOI: 10.1080/17504902.2021.1894019
Stephanie Corazza
ABSTRACT The introduction to this Special Issue on sexuality and sexual violence in Holocaust testimonies sets out the origins of the volume and the themes and contributions of the articles therein. The impetus for this Special Issue was a 2018 conference organized by the Azrieli Foundation’s Holocaust Survivor Memoirs Program, a Canadian publishing program whose growing collection of testimonies includes accounts of sexual abuse and violence experienced in different settings during the Holocaust. Particular attention is given to the 2017 publication of Buried Words: The Diary of Molly Applebaum, by Toronto-based survivor Molly Applebaum.
{"title":"Introduction to Buried Words: sexuality, violence and Holocaust testimonies","authors":"Stephanie Corazza","doi":"10.1080/17504902.2021.1894019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2021.1894019","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The introduction to this Special Issue on sexuality and sexual violence in Holocaust testimonies sets out the origins of the volume and the themes and contributions of the articles therein. The impetus for this Special Issue was a 2018 conference organized by the Azrieli Foundation’s Holocaust Survivor Memoirs Program, a Canadian publishing program whose growing collection of testimonies includes accounts of sexual abuse and violence experienced in different settings during the Holocaust. Particular attention is given to the 2017 publication of Buried Words: The Diary of Molly Applebaum, by Toronto-based survivor Molly Applebaum.","PeriodicalId":36890,"journal":{"name":"Holocaust Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":"441 - 446"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17504902.2021.1894019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43802550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-15DOI: 10.1080/17504902.2021.1893302
Zoë Waxman
ABSTRACT This article focuses on the diary of Molly Applebaum to explore how scholars have interpreted the rare diaries and survivor accounts testifying to sexual violence during the Holocaust. While historians, for example, have much to learn from these primary sources, we need to be sure that we do not impose our own concerns and preoccupations. We have to also be cautious about reading into them meanings that were not there and to think very seriously about the politics of what we are doing.
{"title":"Buried Words: reflections on the diary of Molly Applebaum","authors":"Zoë Waxman","doi":"10.1080/17504902.2021.1893302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2021.1893302","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article focuses on the diary of Molly Applebaum to explore how scholars have interpreted the rare diaries and survivor accounts testifying to sexual violence during the Holocaust. While historians, for example, have much to learn from these primary sources, we need to be sure that we do not impose our own concerns and preoccupations. We have to also be cautious about reading into them meanings that were not there and to think very seriously about the politics of what we are doing.","PeriodicalId":36890,"journal":{"name":"Holocaust Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":"473 - 480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17504902.2021.1893302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48961955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-15DOI: 10.1080/17504902.2021.1893301
N. Shik
ABSTRACT This article traces the development of the Israeli narrative of sexual violence during the Holocaust and seeks to account for the period of silence on this issue from the 1960s to the late 1980s. In contrast to testimonies recorded in the immediate postwar period and after the 1980s, testimonies given during this time were affected by misconceptions about sexual violence during the Holocaust, resulting in decades of suppression for Holocaust survivors who had experienced sexual violence. Their silence was amplified by the anxiety of those who were witnesses to their survival and their testimony.
{"title":"Description and silence: sexual abuse in early and later testimonies of survivors and the emergence of the Israeli narrative","authors":"N. Shik","doi":"10.1080/17504902.2021.1893301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17504902.2021.1893301","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article traces the development of the Israeli narrative of sexual violence during the Holocaust and seeks to account for the period of silence on this issue from the 1960s to the late 1980s. In contrast to testimonies recorded in the immediate postwar period and after the 1980s, testimonies given during this time were affected by misconceptions about sexual violence during the Holocaust, resulting in decades of suppression for Holocaust survivors who had experienced sexual violence. Their silence was amplified by the anxiety of those who were witnesses to their survival and their testimony.","PeriodicalId":36890,"journal":{"name":"Holocaust Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":"481 - 494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17504902.2021.1893301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59998943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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