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2016 8th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS)最新文献

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A Gaussian mixture model representation of endmember variability for spectral unmixing 光谱解混中端元变异性的高斯混合模型
Yuan Zhou, Anand Rangarajan, P. Gader
Endmember variability complicates the problem of spectral unmixing. This variability is typically represented by probability distributions or spectral libraries. The present work describes a new distributional representation based on Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs). The most common form in this setting is the Normal Compositional Model (NCM), wherein the endmembers for each pixel are modeled as samples drawn from unimodal Gaussians. In reality, however, the distribution of spectra from a material may be multi-modal. We first show that a linear combination of GMM random variables is also a GMM. This allows us to probabilistically formulate hyperspectral pixel likelihoods as combinations of independent endmember random variables. Then, after adding a reasonable smoothness and sparsity prior on the abundances, we obtain a standard Bayesian maximum a posteriori (MAP) problem for abundance and endmember parameter estimation. A generalized expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is used to minimize the MAP objective function. We tested the GMM approach on two real datasets, and showcased its efficacy for modeling endmember variability by comparing it to current popular methods.
端元变异性使光谱分解问题复杂化。这种可变性通常用概率分布或谱库表示。本文描述了一种新的基于高斯混合模型的分布表示。在这种情况下,最常见的形式是正常组成模型(NCM),其中每个像素的端元都被建模为从单峰高斯分布中提取的样本。然而,实际上,来自材料的光谱分布可能是多模态的。我们首先证明了GMM随机变量的线性组合也是一个GMM。这使我们能够以概率形式将高光谱像素可能性表述为独立端元随机变量的组合。然后,在丰度上加入合理的平滑性和稀疏性先验后,我们得到了丰度和端元参数估计的标准贝叶斯最大后验(MAP)问题。采用广义期望最大化(EM)算法对MAP目标函数进行最小化。我们在两个真实数据集上测试了GMM方法,并通过将其与当前流行的方法进行比较,展示了其对端元变异性建模的有效性。
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引用次数: 6
On the benefit of topographic dictionaries for detecting disease symptoms on hyperspectral 3D plant models 浅谈地形词典对高光谱三维植物模型疾病症状检测的益处
R. Roscher, J. Behmann, Anne-Katrin Mahlein, L. Plümer
We analyze the benefit of using topographic dictionaries for a sparse representation (SR) approach for the detection of Cercospora leaf spot disease symptoms on sugar beet plants. Topographic dictionaries are an arranged set of basis elements in which neighbored dictionary elements tend to cause similar activations in the SR approach. In this paper, the dictionary is obtained from samples of a healthy plant and partly build in a topographic way by using hyperspectral as well as geometry information, i.e. depth and inclination. It turns out that hyperspectral signals of leafs show a typical structure depending on depth and inclination and thus, both influences can be disentangled in our approach. Rare signals which do not fit into this model, e.g. leaf veins, are also captured in the dictionary in a non-topographic way. A reconstruction error index is used as indicator, in which disease symptoms can be distinguished from healthy plant regions. The advantage of the presented approach is that full spectral and geometry information is needed only once to built the dictionary, whereas the sparse reconstruction is done solely on hyperspectral information.
我们分析了使用地形字典进行稀疏表示(SR)方法检测甜菜根孢子叶斑病症状的好处。地形字典是一组排列好的基元素,在SR方法中,邻近的字典元素往往会引起类似的激活。在本文中,词典是从健康植物样本中获得的,并利用高光谱和几何信息(即深度和倾斜度)以地形方式部分构建。结果表明,叶片的高光谱信号显示出一种典型的结构,这取决于深度和倾角,因此,这两种影响都可以在我们的方法中解开。不适合这个模型的罕见信号,例如叶脉,也以非地形的方式被捕获在字典中。利用重建误差指数作为指标,将疾病症状与健康植物区区分开来。该方法的优点是只需要一次全光谱和几何信息来构建字典,而只需要高光谱信息进行稀疏重建。
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引用次数: 1
Registration of MWIR-LWIR band hyperspectral images MWIR-LWIR波段高光谱图像的配准
A. Koz, Akin Caliskan, Aydin Alatan
Previously proposed hyperspectral image registration methods mostly focus on the registration of the images including overlapping bands in VNIR and SWIR range. In contrary to previous methods, we investigate the registration of hyperspectral images with no-overlapping bands in MWIR and LWIR range in this paper. The proposed approach achieves the image registration over 2D maps extracted from 3D hyperspectral data cubes. Considering that the main component of the captured signal in MWIR-LWIR range is thermal radiation, we first propose to use the brightness-temperature estimate of hyperspectral pixels to form the 2D image. In addition, hyperspectral pixel energy, average emissivity and the first three components of principal component analysis (PCA) transform are also utilized and tested for 3D-2D conversion. The performance of the methods are evaluated by the matching ratio of the interest points and by generating mosaic images from the given maps. The experimental results indicate that brightness-temperature estimate, pixel energy and first principal component gives comparable results for image matching. The emissivity maps and the remaining principal components are found to be not successful for image registration as these features do not form a common base for different band signals.
以往提出的高光谱图像配准方法主要集中在近红外和SWIR范围内包含重叠波段的图像配准。与以往的方法不同,本文研究了中、低红外波段无重叠高光谱图像的配准问题。该方法实现了从三维高光谱数据立方中提取的二维地图的图像配准。考虑到在MWIR-LWIR范围内捕获信号的主要成分是热辐射,我们首先提出使用高光谱像元的亮度-温度估计来形成二维图像。此外,还利用高光谱像元能量、平均发射率和主成分分析(PCA)变换的前三分量进行了3D-2D转换测试。通过兴趣点的匹配率和从给定地图生成拼接图像来评估方法的性能。实验结果表明,亮度温度估计、像素能量和第一主成分对图像的匹配效果相当。发现发射率图和其余主成分不能成功地用于图像配准,因为这些特征不能形成不同波段信号的共同基础。
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引用次数: 3
Multitask learning of vegetation biochemistry from hyperspectral data 基于高光谱数据的植被生物化学多任务学习
Utsav B. Gewali, S. Monteiro
Statistical models have been successful in accurately estimating the biochemical contents of vegetation from the reflectance spectra. However, their performance deteriorates when there is a scarcity of sizable amount of ground truth data for modeling the complex nonlinear relationship occurring between the spectrum and the biochemical quantity. We propose a novel Gaussian process based multitask learning method for improving the prediction of a biochemical through the transfer of knowledge from the learned models for predicting related biochemicals. This method is most advantageous when there are few ground truth data for the biochemical of interest, but plenty of ground truth data for related biochemicals. The proposed multitask Gaussian process hypothesizes that the inter-relationship between the biochemical quantities is better modeled by using a combination of two or more covariance functions and inter-task correlation matrices. In the experiments, our method outperformed the current methods on two real-world datasets.
统计模型已经成功地从反射光谱中准确地估计出植被的生化含量。然而,当缺乏大量的基础真值数据来建模谱和生化量之间复杂的非线性关系时,它们的性能就会下降。我们提出了一种新的基于高斯过程的多任务学习方法,通过从预测相关生物化学的学习模型中转移知识来提高生物化学的预测。当感兴趣的生物化学基础真值数据很少,而相关生物化学基础真值数据很多时,这种方法是最有利的。提出的多任务高斯过程假设生化量之间的相互关系可以通过使用两个或多个协方差函数和任务间相关矩阵的组合来更好地建模。在实验中,我们的方法在两个真实数据集上的表现优于当前方法。
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引用次数: 4
Identification of mafic minerals on Mars by nonlinear hyperspectral unmixing 用非线性高光谱解调技术鉴定火星上的基性矿物
A. Marinoni, H. Clenet
Typically, quantitative interpretation of Mars mineralogy from spectra can be retrieved by analyzing the overlaps of absorption features. It is possible to achieve a thorough description of the abundances of each mineral the considered scene is composed of by applying proper deconvolution techniques such as those based on modified Gaussian model (MGM). However, MGM-based methods are sensitive on initial parameters for statistical distribution definition, or they are very time consuming when fully automatized. In this paper, a new method for identification of minerals on Mars surface by means of higher order nonlinear hyperspectral unmixing framework is introduced. Abundance distribution of magmatic minerals (olivine and pyroxenes) compounds is retrieved according to polytope decomposition algorithm. Experimental results show how the proposed method is able to provide actual abundance maps which are highly correlated to those obtained by an automatized MGM-based technique.
通常,通过分析吸收特征的重叠,可以从光谱中获得火星矿物学的定量解释。通过应用适当的反褶积技术,例如基于修正高斯模型(MGM)的技术,可以实现对所考虑的场景中每种矿物的丰度的全面描述。然而,基于mgm的方法对统计分布定义的初始参数很敏感,或者在完全自动化的情况下非常耗时。本文介绍了一种利用高阶非线性高光谱分解框架识别火星表面矿物的新方法。根据多体分解算法反演岩浆矿物(橄榄石和辉石)化合物的丰度分布。实验结果表明,该方法能够提供实际丰度图,且丰度图与基于自动化mgm技术的丰度图高度相关。
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引用次数: 4
Vegetation water content estimation using bi-inverted Gaussian model 基于双倒高斯模型的植被含水量估算
L. Xuan, Z. Ye, Junping Zhang
This paper presented a new approach called bi-inverted Gaussian model to calculated the diagnostic characteristic parameters of vegetation spectral. And used the parameters calculated from Hyperion image to make water content mapping. Using laboratory experiment measuring data, the relationships between absorption depth and the vegetation water content (VWC) were calculated. between absorption depth and VWC was 0.868 and the RMSE was 0.798. The correlations between them were higher than other vegetation indices.
提出了一种计算植被光谱诊断特征参数的新方法——双倒高斯模型。并利用海波龙图像计算出的参数进行了含水量制图。利用室内试验测量数据,计算了吸收深度与植被含水量之间的关系。吸收深度与VWC之间的关系为0.868,RMSE为0.798。它们之间的相关性高于其他植被指数。
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引用次数: 0
Improved discrete swarm intelligence algorithms for endmember extraction in hyperspectral remote sensing image 高光谱遥感图像端元提取的改进离散群智能算法
Yuanchao Su, Xu Sun, Lianru Gao, Jun Yu Li, Bing Zhang
Endmember extraction is a key step in hyperspectral unmixing. This paper proposes a new endmember extraction framework based on the swarm intelligence algorithm. We adopt a discrete structure because pixels exist within a discrete frame. Traditional swarm intelligence algorithms produce stacked solutions based on similar endmembers in the same class. We introduce a “distance” factor into the objective function to limit the number of endmembers per class. We then propose three endmember extraction methods based on the artificial bee colony (ABC), ant colony optimization (ACO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms. Experiments with both simulated and actual hyperspectral image data indicate that the proposed framework can significantly improve the accuracy of endmember extraction.
端元提取是高光谱解混的关键步骤。提出了一种新的基于群体智能算法的端元提取框架。我们采用离散结构,因为像素存在于一个离散的帧内。传统的群体智能算法产生基于同类中相似端元的叠加解。我们在目标函数中引入“距离”因子来限制每个类的端元数量。然后提出了基于人工蜂群(ABC)、蚁群优化(ACO)和粒子群优化(PSO)算法的三种端元提取方法。模拟和实际高光谱图像数据的实验表明,该框架能够显著提高端元提取的精度。
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引用次数: 1
Extended extinction profile for the classification of hyperspectral images 用于高光谱图像分类的扩展消光轮廓
Pedram Ghamisi, R. Souza, J. Benediktsson, Xiaoxiang Zhu, L. Rittner, R. Lotufo
In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for the spectral-spatial classification of hyperspectral images. The proposed classification approach is based on a novel filtering technique, here entitled as extended extinction profile (EEP). The proposed classification approach is applied on two well-known data sets: Pavia University and Indian Pines; and the obtained results have been compared with one of the strongest filtering approaches in the literature named extended attribute profile (EAP). Results confirm that the proposed approach is able to efficiently extract spatial information for the classification of hyperspectral images.
本文提出了一种新的高光谱图像光谱空间分类方法。提出的分类方法是基于一种新的滤波技术,这里被称为扩展消光剖面(EEP)。本文提出的分类方法应用于两个著名的数据集:Pavia University和Indian Pines;并将所得结果与文献中最强的过滤方法之一扩展属性配置文件(EAP)进行了比较。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地提取高光谱图像的空间信息。
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引用次数: 1
Combination of CEM & RXD for target detection in hyperspectral images 结合CEM和RXD的高光谱图像目标检测
M. Fahad, Mingyi He, Yifan Zhang
There are two target detection algorithms which are commonly used in various applications. Both of them work on a related linear process, which makes them intensely related. This paper suggests a hyperspectral target detection algorithm which is a combination of CEM (Constrained Energy Minimization) and RXD (Reed-Xiaoli detector) algorithms to employ the advantages of both approaches to improve detection performance. The comparison of different target detection algorithms are performed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curves. The experimental result shows that this combination can efficiently improves the detection performance.
在各种应用中,有两种常用的目标检测算法。它们都在一个相关的线性过程中工作,这使得它们密切相关。本文提出了一种结合约束能量最小化(CEM)和Reed-Xiaoli检测器(RXD)算法的高光谱目标检测算法,利用两者的优点提高检测性能。利用受试者工作特征曲线对不同的目标检测算法进行了比较。实验结果表明,这种组合可以有效地提高检测性能。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding spatial-spectral domain interactions in hyperspectral unmixing using exploratory data analysis 利用探索性数据分析了解高光谱解调中的空间-光谱域相互作用
Mohammed Q. Alkhatib, M. Velez-Reyes
This paper presents a visual exploratory analysis of an AVIRIS hyperspectral image to understand the interactions between the spatial and spectral domains in hyperspectral unmixing. We show how the global data cloud may not be convex due to spatial constraints on the distribution of the materials in the scene. Furthermore, we show that by segmenting the data cloud in feature space into piecewise convex segments, we can analyze individual segments and extract endmembers that better capture local structures compared to methods that look at the global cloud. Challenges remain as to how to do the cloud segmentation using machine-based approaches. However, experimental results point to the use of segmentation as a way to address the problem.
本文对一幅AVIRIS高光谱图像进行了视觉探索性分析,以了解高光谱解混过程中空间域和光谱域之间的相互作用。我们展示了由于场景中材料分布的空间限制,全局数据云可能不会是凸的。此外,我们表明,通过将特征空间中的数据云分割为分段凸段,与查看全局云的方法相比,我们可以分析单个段并提取端成员,从而更好地捕获局部结构。如何使用基于机器的方法进行云分割仍然存在挑战。然而,实验结果表明使用分割作为解决问题的一种方法。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
2016 8th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS)
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