Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.012
C. Teangpook, Panita Kongsombat, Maneeploy Matum, Nunchanok Nuntachai
Sauce is a popular condiment product. Thailand is a good source of pineapples and bananas, which are high in nutrients. Eggshell is also a source of calcium. This research developed a sauce from pineapple var. Phu Lae mixed with ripened banana var. Nam Wah and supplemented with calcium from eggshells. The suitable quantities of pineapple, banana and pineapple peel and core extract were studied based on a mixture design. The physical and chemical properties, sensory evaluation, three suitable calcium levels (0, 2, and 4%) and two pasteurization temperature levels (80-85ºC and 90-95ºC) were studied. Response surface methodology was applied and showed that all 3 components had significant effects on the sauce quality at the 0.05 level. The optimum product comprised 25.27% pineapple, 0.87% banana, 13.86% pineapple peel and core extract, 16% pickled red chili peppers, 11% pickled garlic bulbs, 26% sucrose, 2% salt, 1% vinegar, 2.12% water, and 1.88% calcium from the powdered eggshell. The product had an orange color, a pH of 4.20, and 1.61% acidity. This sauce was high in nutrients: 41.03% carbohydrate, 14.90% protein, 1.98% fat, 0.453% eggshell calcium, and 14.03 mg/kg total vitamin C. The antioxidant activity was 22.94 mg ascorbic acid/g. The optimum pasteurization temperature was 80-85ºC for 15 min. The sauce was moderately liked by panelists and has the potential to be processed into a low-cost commercial condiment.
{"title":"Development of Chili Sauce from Pineapple and Banana Fortified with Eggshell Calcium","authors":"C. Teangpook, Panita Kongsombat, Maneeploy Matum, Nunchanok Nuntachai","doi":"10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.012","url":null,"abstract":"Sauce is a popular condiment product. Thailand is a good source of pineapples and bananas, which are high in nutrients. Eggshell is also a source of calcium. This research developed a sauce from pineapple var. Phu Lae mixed with ripened banana var. Nam Wah and supplemented with calcium from eggshells. The suitable quantities of pineapple, banana and pineapple peel and core extract were studied based on a mixture design. The physical and chemical properties, sensory evaluation, three suitable calcium levels (0, 2, and 4%) and two pasteurization temperature levels (80-85ºC and 90-95ºC) were studied. Response surface methodology was applied and showed that all 3 components had significant effects on the sauce quality at the 0.05 level. The optimum product comprised 25.27% pineapple, 0.87% banana, 13.86% pineapple peel and core extract, 16% pickled red chili peppers, 11% pickled garlic bulbs, 26% sucrose, 2% salt, 1% vinegar, 2.12% water, and 1.88% calcium from the powdered eggshell. The product had an orange color, a pH of 4.20, and 1.61% acidity. This sauce was high in nutrients: 41.03% carbohydrate, 14.90% protein, 1.98% fat, 0.453% eggshell calcium, and 14.03 mg/kg total vitamin C. The antioxidant activity was 22.94 mg ascorbic acid/g. The optimum pasteurization temperature was 80-85ºC for 15 min. The sauce was moderately liked by panelists and has the potential to be processed into a low-cost commercial condiment.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45294850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.011
Narasipuram Venkata Krishna Prasad, N. Madhavi, Mallemadugula Sai Surya Rama Krishna NagendraSarma, T. Anil Babu
Particulate matter (PM) concentration and its impact on human health attracted a lot of attention globally during the recent COVID-19 outbreak. Monitoring and analysis of PM concentration was being done but not to the extent required on the global scale. The covid epidemic caused more emphasis on the monitoring and analysis of PM concentrations due to their impact on the human respiratory system. Thus, an attempt was made to review the monitoring, analysis, and health effects of exposure to PM. It was reported that PM2.5 concentrations not only impact human health via the respiratory system but also lead to Type II diabetes. This paper reviewed some of the mechanisms involved in the development of Type II diabetes on exposure to PM2.5, and the impact of particulate matter on respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological disorders. Furthermore, carcinogenicity effects on humans of exposure to PM in the atmosphere were briefly review.
{"title":"Impact of Particulate Matter Concentration on Human Health: A Glance of Review","authors":"Narasipuram Venkata Krishna Prasad, N. Madhavi, Mallemadugula Sai Surya Rama Krishna NagendraSarma, T. Anil Babu","doi":"10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.011","url":null,"abstract":"Particulate matter (PM) concentration and its impact on human health attracted a lot of attention globally during the recent COVID-19 outbreak. Monitoring and analysis of PM concentration was being done but not to the extent required on the global scale. The covid epidemic caused more emphasis on the monitoring and analysis of PM concentrations due to their impact on the human respiratory system. Thus, an attempt was made to review the monitoring, analysis, and health effects of exposure to PM. It was reported that PM2.5 concentrations not only impact human health via the respiratory system but also lead to Type II diabetes. This paper reviewed some of the mechanisms involved in the development of Type II diabetes on exposure to PM2.5, and the impact of particulate matter on respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological disorders. Furthermore, carcinogenicity effects on humans of exposure to PM in the atmosphere were briefly review.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43255053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.002
N. Abu Talip Yusof, N. Zainol, Nor Hazwani Aziz, Mohamad Shaiful Abdul Karim
The fiber morphology and elemental composition of pineapple leaf fibers were analyzed to understand their effect on the cellulose content and permittivity value. Cellulose fiber was extracted from pineapple leaf via the alkaline treatment method, and the content was determined using the Kurschner-Hanack method. The permittivity value of the developed cellulose fiber was measured based on the waveguide technique in the G-band. The surface morphology of the developed fiber was examined with scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to identify the elemental composition of the pineapple leaf fibers. The findings were that the cellulose fibers with the least diameter and distance between fibers exhibited the highest permittivity value, which was 1.85. The EDX analysis demonstrated that carbon was the commonest elemental in all fibers, and was 55 wt.% of the total element composition. Furthermore, the results showed that the permittivity value increased as the carbon composition increased, and decreased as the oxygen composition increased. Hence, the morphological and elemental studies of the cellulose fiber are useful in determining the permittivity value of the cellulose fiber for material development. The high permittivity value of the pineapple leaf fibers is believed to have great potential for use in electronic components.
{"title":"Effect of Fiber Morphology and Elemental Composition of Ananas comosus Leaf on Cellulose Content and Permittivity","authors":"N. Abu Talip Yusof, N. Zainol, Nor Hazwani Aziz, Mohamad Shaiful Abdul Karim","doi":"10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.002","url":null,"abstract":"The fiber morphology and elemental composition of pineapple leaf fibers were analyzed to understand their effect on the cellulose content and permittivity value. Cellulose fiber was extracted from pineapple leaf via the alkaline treatment method, and the content was determined using the Kurschner-Hanack method. The permittivity value of the developed cellulose fiber was measured based on the waveguide technique in the G-band. The surface morphology of the developed fiber was examined with scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to identify the elemental composition of the pineapple leaf fibers. The findings were that the cellulose fibers with the least diameter and distance between fibers exhibited the highest permittivity value, which was 1.85. The EDX analysis demonstrated that carbon was the commonest elemental in all fibers, and was 55 wt.% of the total element composition. Furthermore, the results showed that the permittivity value increased as the carbon composition increased, and decreased as the oxygen composition increased. Hence, the morphological and elemental studies of the cellulose fiber are useful in determining the permittivity value of the cellulose fiber for material development. The high permittivity value of the pineapple leaf fibers is believed to have great potential for use in electronic components.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48331500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.005
N. Pangpaiboon, Wararak Kotpech, Thanaboon Ketkaew, B. Arthibenyakul, Natt Klaewklar, Varisara Chanprasopchai, Chayatid Sutthi, Komsun Lapawae, K. Sinthiptharakoon
Electronic packaging by coating device component surfaces with polymer thin film is an important step to protect the components from harsh environments. However, along with the device miniaturization to improve its performance, scaling down the coating film can cause a decrease in film durability. Therefore, the thermal stability of pure polystyrene (PS) and zinc oxide-incorporated polystyrene (PS-ZnO) nano-thin films coated on gold (Au) layer with different nano thicknesses on Si substrate were examined to determine the smallest Au thickness at which the polymer films would exhibit optimal stability, and to investigate the effects of the Au component on film resistance to thermal dewetting. With the requirement of having a transparent and conductive Au electrode, the thickness of 20 nm was identified as the optimal value for the Au layer on which both the PS and PS-ZnO films could withstand environment temperatures at 150oC for up to a few hours while the PS-ZnO film exhibited outstanding thermal stability for over 10 days. Such excellent durability was ascribed to the physio-chemical framework in which the coating film can experience forces from the coated layers which potentially affect the mobility of polymer chains. Considering the increase of Au content and Au film roughness with increasing Au film thickness and realizing the similar surface adhesion forces of these Au layers, several possible influences of the Au material on the stability of PS matrix were discussed. The findings provide an insight into heat-resistant coatings for nano-thin Au layers grown on Si, which may also be of benefit in the design and understanding of relevant electronic protection and functional polymeric coatings.
{"title":"Dewetting Behavior of PS-ZnO Thin Film Coated on Ultrathin Au Layer Grown on Si Substrate","authors":"N. Pangpaiboon, Wararak Kotpech, Thanaboon Ketkaew, B. Arthibenyakul, Natt Klaewklar, Varisara Chanprasopchai, Chayatid Sutthi, Komsun Lapawae, K. Sinthiptharakoon","doi":"10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.005","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic packaging by coating device component surfaces with polymer thin film is an important step to protect the components from harsh environments. However, along with the device miniaturization to improve its performance, scaling down the coating film can cause a decrease in film durability. Therefore, the thermal stability of pure polystyrene (PS) and zinc oxide-incorporated polystyrene (PS-ZnO) nano-thin films coated on gold (Au) layer with different nano thicknesses on Si substrate were examined to determine the smallest Au thickness at which the polymer films would exhibit optimal stability, and to investigate the effects of the Au component on film resistance to thermal dewetting. With the requirement of having a transparent and conductive Au electrode, the thickness of 20 nm was identified as the optimal value for the Au layer on which both the PS and PS-ZnO films could withstand environment temperatures at 150oC for up to a few hours while the PS-ZnO film exhibited outstanding thermal stability for over 10 days. Such excellent durability was ascribed to the physio-chemical framework in which the coating film can experience forces from the coated layers which potentially affect the mobility of polymer chains. Considering the increase of Au content and Au film roughness with increasing Au film thickness and realizing the similar surface adhesion forces of these Au layers, several possible influences of the Au material on the stability of PS matrix were discussed. The findings provide an insight into heat-resistant coatings for nano-thin Au layers grown on Si, which may also be of benefit in the design and understanding of relevant electronic protection and functional polymeric coatings.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70990120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.006
Shashank Awasthi, N. Wadhwa
Wheat is the principal and most consumed grain in the world. Biotic factors are known to affect the growth of wheat plants and grain yield worldwide. The aim of the present study was to isolate potential plant growth promoting endophytes. In this study, bacterial endophytes from germinating wheat seeds were isolated, characterized, and screened in vitro for PGP traits and then checked for their effects on germination and production of indole acetic acid (IAA), ACC deaminase activity, siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, HCN production, extracellular enzyme production and biocontrol potential. High potential PGPRs were identified by 16 s rRNA sequencing and these strains are Enterobacter asburiae, Bacillus licheniformis, Achromobacter mucicolens, and Pseudomonas fulva. Antagonistic activity results showed that B. licheniformis, and A. mucicolens could reduce the growth of the fungal phytopathogens. Alternaria alternata and Fusarium sp. also produced high levels of indole acetic acid (IAA) with a range of 27.8±0.30 µg/mL, 31.2±0.36, 21±0.20, respectively. Seed germination and development studies showed that superior increase of root and shoot length and weight were observed when compared with uninoculated control plants. The study revealed that the isolated endophytes could be used as plant growth promotion for better plant yield.
{"title":"Screening and Characterization of Potential Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytes of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)","authors":"Shashank Awasthi, N. Wadhwa","doi":"10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.006","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is the principal and most consumed grain in the world. Biotic factors are known to affect the growth of wheat plants and grain yield worldwide. The aim of the present study was to isolate potential plant growth promoting endophytes. In this study, bacterial endophytes from germinating wheat seeds were isolated, characterized, and screened in vitro for PGP traits and then checked for their effects on germination and production of indole acetic acid (IAA), ACC deaminase activity, siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, HCN production, extracellular enzyme production and biocontrol potential. High potential PGPRs were identified by 16 s rRNA sequencing and these strains are Enterobacter asburiae, Bacillus licheniformis, Achromobacter mucicolens, and Pseudomonas fulva. Antagonistic activity results showed that B. licheniformis, and A. mucicolens could reduce the growth of the fungal phytopathogens. Alternaria alternata and Fusarium sp. also produced high levels of indole acetic acid (IAA) with a range of 27.8±0.30 µg/mL, 31.2±0.36, 21±0.20, respectively. Seed germination and development studies showed that superior increase of root and shoot length and weight were observed when compared with uninoculated control plants. The study revealed that the isolated endophytes could be used as plant growth promotion for better plant yield.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43373520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.009
Ramyadevi Veerabahu, V. Ravishankar, Eshaa Umashankar
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic illness caused by a bacterial spirochaete belonging to the genus Leptospira that induces renal failure in humans. This bacterium has high pathogenicity and can even cause death. As a result, research into the pathogenic mechanism of this organism is essential. Sequencing can be performed to understand the evolution and characteristics of an organism. Sequencing technologies like Sanger sequencing, Illumina sequencing, and recent technologies like MinION nanopore sequencing can be performed to study the whole genome of leptospiral strains. Based on whole genome sequencing, pathogenic characteristics and pathways involved during disease infection can be investigated. Identification of pathogenic features in the whole genome of Leptospira sp. may enable certain gene modifications or the development of potential vaccines to eradicate the disease. This review is an overview of various sequencing approaches and highlights the comparison of genome features present in pathogenic leptospires and saprophytic leptospires.
{"title":"Sequencing Approaches for Understanding the Pathogenic Features in Leptospira Genome","authors":"Ramyadevi Veerabahu, V. Ravishankar, Eshaa Umashankar","doi":"10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.009","url":null,"abstract":"Leptospirosis is a zoonotic illness caused by a bacterial spirochaete belonging to the genus Leptospira that induces renal failure in humans. This bacterium has high pathogenicity and can even cause death. As a result, research into the pathogenic mechanism of this organism is essential. Sequencing can be performed to understand the evolution and characteristics of an organism. Sequencing technologies like Sanger sequencing, Illumina sequencing, and recent technologies like MinION nanopore sequencing can be performed to study the whole genome of leptospiral strains. Based on whole genome sequencing, pathogenic characteristics and pathways involved during disease infection can be investigated. Identification of pathogenic features in the whole genome of Leptospira sp. may enable certain gene modifications or the development of potential vaccines to eradicate the disease. This review is an overview of various sequencing approaches and highlights the comparison of genome features present in pathogenic leptospires and saprophytic leptospires.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43648260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.015
Mariia Palamarchuk, Anna Bobr, A. Mudrak, I. Gunas, O. Maievskyi, I. Samborska, T. Vovk, T. Halenova, N. Raksha, O. Savchuk, L. Ostapchenko
Species of the subfamily Viperinae, known to be Old World vipers, Vipera berus berus and Vipera berus nikolskii, are highly distributed in Europe and show their venomous effect, leading to proteolysis, thrombocytopenia, neurotoxicity, and haemorrhage state in susceptible organism. A shift in the protein balance underlies the envenoming in the targeted organs and in the whole organism. Thus, a study of the influence of the V. berus berus and V. berus nikolskii venoms on the protein systems of the spleen and the heart was conducted in order to single out the impact of toxins on the metabolic pathways in the targeted organs. The study included an investigation of the amount of total proteins, and their redistribution and connection with toxicity. The results prove the assumption of proteolytic activation and the emergence of the toxicity state, showing a decrease in the level of proteins, changes in protein composition, redistribution of enzymatic profiles, and an increased level of low molecular weight molecules.
{"title":"Proteolytic Homeostasis in the Tissue of the Spleen and the Heart of Rats Injected with the Venom of Vipera berus berus and Vipera berus nikolskii","authors":"Mariia Palamarchuk, Anna Bobr, A. Mudrak, I. Gunas, O. Maievskyi, I. Samborska, T. Vovk, T. Halenova, N. Raksha, O. Savchuk, L. Ostapchenko","doi":"10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.015","url":null,"abstract":"Species of the subfamily Viperinae, known to be Old World vipers, Vipera berus berus and Vipera berus nikolskii, are highly distributed in Europe and show their venomous effect, leading to proteolysis, thrombocytopenia, neurotoxicity, and haemorrhage state in susceptible organism. A shift in the protein balance underlies the envenoming in the targeted organs and in the whole organism. Thus, a study of the influence of the V. berus berus and V. berus nikolskii venoms on the protein systems of the spleen and the heart was conducted in order to single out the impact of toxins on the metabolic pathways in the targeted organs. The study included an investigation of the amount of total proteins, and their redistribution and connection with toxicity. The results prove the assumption of proteolytic activation and the emergence of the toxicity state, showing a decrease in the level of proteins, changes in protein composition, redistribution of enzymatic profiles, and an increased level of low molecular weight molecules.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48943977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.010
Tienthong Yuangkaew, Chatchai Ponchiyo, P. Nuchuay, V. Patthanasettakul, P. Eiamchai, N. Nuntawong, M. Horprathum, S. Limwichean
In this work, WO3 thin films were fabricated by reactive DC magnetron sputtering, and then thermally annealed at 400°C for 2 h under air, low vacuum and high vacuum. After the annealing treatments, the morphology and crystallinity of the WO3 thin films were observed using FE-SEM, GI-XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The optical properties were analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results showed the decrease of film thickness under different annealing conditions. In addition, the annealing conditions also affected the crystalline structure at diffraction planes (200) and (002). The transmittance of the WO3 thin films revealed that the annealing treatment at high vacuum led to lower transparency. Furthermore, the WO3 thin film annealed under air produced the highest PEC efficiency. Therefore, this approach offers an alternative strategy for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting application.
{"title":"The Effect of Annealing Treatment on WO3 Thin Film Prepared by Reactive DC Magnetron Sputtering for Photo-electrochemical Water Splitting Application","authors":"Tienthong Yuangkaew, Chatchai Ponchiyo, P. Nuchuay, V. Patthanasettakul, P. Eiamchai, N. Nuntawong, M. Horprathum, S. Limwichean","doi":"10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.010","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, WO3 thin films were fabricated by reactive DC magnetron sputtering, and then thermally annealed at 400°C for 2 h under air, low vacuum and high vacuum. After the annealing treatments, the morphology and crystallinity of the WO3 thin films were observed using FE-SEM, GI-XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The optical properties were analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results showed the decrease of film thickness under different annealing conditions. In addition, the annealing conditions also affected the crystalline structure at diffraction planes (200) and (002). The transmittance of the WO3 thin films revealed that the annealing treatment at high vacuum led to lower transparency. Furthermore, the WO3 thin film annealed under air produced the highest PEC efficiency. Therefore, this approach offers an alternative strategy for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting application.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46395757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.014
Pakawat Sungphueng, K. Amnuyswat
In this work, we employed a machine learning framework to predict the thermoelectric power factors of materials based on their composition and structure. To generate a broad range of materials for analysis, we sourced an existing dataset from the Materials Project database. The electronic transport properties, which serve as the output variables, were obtained from the same database via a Boltzmann transport theory calculation beyond ab-initio method. These properties were used to generate input data, or material descriptors, which rely solely on atomic information and crystal structure without recourse to density functional theory calculations. The descriptors were transformed into numerical features using the open-source software Matminer. Non-linear machine learning regression models were trained and tested on the transformed datasets, and their performance was evaluated. The optimized random forest model produced the most accurate predictions, with a yield of 88%. The ultimate goals of this research were to develop material selection strategies that bypass the need for self-consumption in density functional theory calculations, and to demonstrate the potential of machine learning models to describe the thermoelectric properties of existing materials datasets.
{"title":"Thermoelectric Prediction from Material Descriptors Using Machine Learning Technique","authors":"Pakawat Sungphueng, K. Amnuyswat","doi":"10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2023.06.23.014","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we employed a machine learning framework to predict the thermoelectric power factors of materials based on their composition and structure. To generate a broad range of materials for analysis, we sourced an existing dataset from the Materials Project database. The electronic transport properties, which serve as the output variables, were obtained from the same database via a Boltzmann transport theory calculation beyond ab-initio method. These properties were used to generate input data, or material descriptors, which rely solely on atomic information and crystal structure without recourse to density functional theory calculations. The descriptors were transformed into numerical features using the open-source software Matminer. Non-linear machine learning regression models were trained and tested on the transformed datasets, and their performance was evaluated. The optimized random forest model produced the most accurate predictions, with a yield of 88%. The ultimate goals of this research were to develop material selection strategies that bypass the need for self-consumption in density functional theory calculations, and to demonstrate the potential of machine learning models to describe the thermoelectric properties of existing materials datasets.","PeriodicalId":36974,"journal":{"name":"Current Applied Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44884110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.55003/cast.2023.05.23.002
Thaithat Sudsuansee, Wanrop Khanthirat, Amin Lawong, S. Sergsiri
Solar energy is infinite and environmental-friendly energy that is widely used in many fields such as solar cells, solar roofs, solar dryers and so on. However, solar energy has never been used in anaerobic digestion processes for biogas production. The use of solar energy may accelerate the biogas reaction to achieve higher gas production rates. Hence, the purpose of this research was to study a two-stage anaerobic digestion system in combination with a greenhouse solar dryer to increase the rate of biogas production. The study consisted of two parts: the first was to study the temperature variations in greenhouse solar dryers using computational fluid dynamic techniques, and the second was to conduct two-stage anaerobic digestion integrated with the greenhouse solar dryer system for biogas production. The results showed that the average temperature and biogas production rate in the integrated two-stage anaerobic digestion system compared to a conventional system increased by 16.2% and 19.69 %, respectively
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