首页 > 最新文献

2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum最新文献

英文 中文
The ultra high voltage device with vacuum insulation 采用真空绝缘的超高压装置
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357265
Danshuheng, Tang Xinlong, Wang Dezhong, Zhupingyuan
The ultra high voltage transmission lines rated 1000kV will be the effective and practical strategy for the interconnection of the national wide power grid in China. In order to test the equipment with ultra high voltage the synthesis circuit which uses voltage and current source to work together will be adopted because of the lower test cost. The very important device which will determine and influence the validity of the synthesis circuit test will be introduced and designed in this paper. The voltage is high so the gap in air will be very long to sustain such high voltage even in vacuum the gap will also be long enough. Long gap is not easy to be influenced by the tripping signal. The simulation test is carried out with air gaps in series. The function of the tripping signal on the breakdown of the gaps is tested. The minimum breakdown voltage is tested and compared between the same gap with and without tripping signal. The relationship of the voltage smaller than the minimum breakdown voltage and the breakdown time is also tested. The test result proves that tripping signal can control the breakdown time of the gaps in series, which will be true for the long vacuum gaps in series. Furthermore the tripped vacuum gaps in series rated 500kV with 3.8m long is designed
1000kV超高压输电线路将是实现中国全国电网互联的有效而实用的策略。为了对超高压设备进行测试,由于测试成本较低,将采用电压和电流源协同工作的综合电路。本文介绍并设计了决定和影响综合电路测试有效性的重要器件。电压很高,因此空气中的间隙将非常长,以维持如此高的电压,即使在真空中,间隙也将足够长。长间隙不容易受跳闸信号的影响。模拟试验采用气隙串联进行。测试了跳闸信号对间隙击穿的作用。在有跳闸信号和没有跳闸信号的情况下,对相同间隙的最小击穿电压进行了测试和比较。测试了小于最小击穿电压的电压与击穿时间的关系。试验结果表明,跳闸信号可以控制串联真空间隙的击穿时间,对于长真空间隙的串联也是如此。设计了额定500kV、长3.8m串联跳闸真空间隙
{"title":"The ultra high voltage device with vacuum insulation","authors":"Danshuheng, Tang Xinlong, Wang Dezhong, Zhupingyuan","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2006.357265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2006.357265","url":null,"abstract":"The ultra high voltage transmission lines rated 1000kV will be the effective and practical strategy for the interconnection of the national wide power grid in China. In order to test the equipment with ultra high voltage the synthesis circuit which uses voltage and current source to work together will be adopted because of the lower test cost. The very important device which will determine and influence the validity of the synthesis circuit test will be introduced and designed in this paper. The voltage is high so the gap in air will be very long to sustain such high voltage even in vacuum the gap will also be long enough. Long gap is not easy to be influenced by the tripping signal. The simulation test is carried out with air gaps in series. The function of the tripping signal on the breakdown of the gaps is tested. The minimum breakdown voltage is tested and compared between the same gap with and without tripping signal. The relationship of the voltage smaller than the minimum breakdown voltage and the breakdown time is also tested. The test result proves that tripping signal can control the breakdown time of the gaps in series, which will be true for the long vacuum gaps in series. Furthermore the tripped vacuum gaps in series rated 500kV with 3.8m long is designed","PeriodicalId":369861,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121820596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contact Material for Vacuum Interrupters based on CuCr with a Specific High Short Circuit Interruption Ability 具有特定高短路中断能力的CuCr真空断路器触头材料
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357331
D. Gentsch
Vacuum interrupters (VI) with specific high short circuit interruption ability are mostly equipped with the well known contact material based on copper and chromium. A review of different production techniques as well as behaviour and microstructure of commercially available materials is presented with emphasis on two of the predominantly applied methods. The contact material's switching performance strongly depends on it's mechanical properties, gas and element concentration evaluated for each batch of base material. The contacts microstructure is investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Switching performance is proven on standard Vis and the examination is held in a high performance lab by interrupting a sequence with a huge number of short circuit currents in accordance to the standards according IEC 62271-100. When conducting limitation tests at higher demands than required a ranking of material batches is presented. The study is based on standard contact material with a chromium content of 25 wt.% used on the transverse magnetic field (TMF) contact system. Derived from the results a very compact VI for a rating of 40.5 kV at 40 kA with increased specific performance is introduced
具有特定高短路中断能力的真空灭弧器多采用众所周知的铜、铬基触点材料。不同的生产技术,以及商业上可用的材料的行为和微观结构的审查,重点是两种主要应用的方法。触点材料的开关性能在很大程度上取决于它的机械性能,以及每批基材所评估的气体和元素浓度。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散x射线(EDX)研究了触点的微观结构。开关性能在标准Vis上得到验证,并且根据IEC 62271-100标准,通过中断具有大量短路电流的序列,在高性能实验室中进行测试。当在比要求更高的条件下进行极限试验时,给出了材料批次的排序。该研究基于用于横向磁场(TMF)接触系统的铬含量为25wt .%的标准接触材料。根据结果,介绍了一种非常紧凑的额定电压为40.5 kV, 40 kA时具有提高的比性能的VI
{"title":"Contact Material for Vacuum Interrupters based on CuCr with a Specific High Short Circuit Interruption Ability","authors":"D. Gentsch","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2006.357331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2006.357331","url":null,"abstract":"Vacuum interrupters (VI) with specific high short circuit interruption ability are mostly equipped with the well known contact material based on copper and chromium. A review of different production techniques as well as behaviour and microstructure of commercially available materials is presented with emphasis on two of the predominantly applied methods. The contact material's switching performance strongly depends on it's mechanical properties, gas and element concentration evaluated for each batch of base material. The contacts microstructure is investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Switching performance is proven on standard Vis and the examination is held in a high performance lab by interrupting a sequence with a huge number of short circuit currents in accordance to the standards according IEC 62271-100. When conducting limitation tests at higher demands than required a ranking of material batches is presented. The study is based on standard contact material with a chromium content of 25 wt.% used on the transverse magnetic field (TMF) contact system. Derived from the results a very compact VI for a rating of 40.5 kV at 40 kA with increased specific performance is introduced","PeriodicalId":369861,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116349539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Improvement of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device by Lowed Operating Gas Pressure using Magnetron-Discharge-Based Ion Source 利用磁控管放电离子源降低工作气压改进惯性静电约束装置
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357383
T. Takamatsu, T. Oishi, K. Masuda, K. Yoshikawa
An inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) device is studied for a compact fusion neutron/proton source using a magnetron discharge as an external ion source. The addition of ion sources to the IEC device is to enhance the efficiency of fusion reactions by lowering the operating gas pressure and by providing high energetic ion. Doppler shift spectroscopy was carried out to evaluate an improvement of the IEC. It was found that mean energy of fast neutral was increased by 20-50 % in this IEC, as compared to conventional glow-discharge-based IEC
研究了一种以磁控管放电为外离子源的紧凑型中子/质子聚变源惯性静电约束装置。在IEC装置中增加离子源是为了通过降低操作气体压力和提供高能离子来提高聚变反应的效率。采用多普勒频移光谱法对IEC的改进进行了评价。实验发现,与传统的辉光放电型IEC相比,该IEC的快中性平均能量提高了20- 50%
{"title":"Improvement of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device by Lowed Operating Gas Pressure using Magnetron-Discharge-Based Ion Source","authors":"T. Takamatsu, T. Oishi, K. Masuda, K. Yoshikawa","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2006.357383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2006.357383","url":null,"abstract":"An inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) device is studied for a compact fusion neutron/proton source using a magnetron discharge as an external ion source. The addition of ion sources to the IEC device is to enhance the efficiency of fusion reactions by lowering the operating gas pressure and by providing high energetic ion. Doppler shift spectroscopy was carried out to evaluate an improvement of the IEC. It was found that mean energy of fast neutral was increased by 20-50 % in this IEC, as compared to conventional glow-discharge-based IEC","PeriodicalId":369861,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126915003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Verification of a Fast Making Switch Based on Triggered Vacuum Switch and Vacuum Circuit Breaker 一种基于触发真空开关和真空断路器的快速闭合开关的验证
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357277
Fan Xing-ming, Qiu Hong-hui, Liao Min-fu, Zou Ji-yan
During synthetic making test a high speed making device is necessary to connect the switching device under test immediately after pre-strike during closing operation under applied voltage. A new kind of fast making device is emphatically expounded in this research, which is composed of triggered vacuum switch (TVS) and a fast vacuum circuit breaker (FVCB) with permanent magnetic actuator. Parallel-connected TVS and FVCB make up the basic optic-controlled module. And basic modules arranging in series can be increase the hold-off (withstand) voltage. When the closing command is triggered, TVS acts in several microseconds and carries the high making current first FVCB acts as the parallel protecting device for TVS, its closing command is sent simultaneously with TVS. Once FVCB closed the making current will shift to this branch, the erosion in TVS can be remarkably decreased. In this paper, a theoretical analysis is made and typical result is simulated with the power system simulation software EMTDC/PSCAD. The simulation result is similar to the experiment one. From the experiment and theoretical result it is known that the new kind of fast making device is feasible for synthetic making test of high voltage circuit breakers
在合成制造试验中,在施加电压合闸操作时,在预击后立即连接被试开关装置,需要一个高速制造装置。本研究重点阐述了一种新型的快速制造装置,该装置由触发真空开关(TVS)和带永磁作动器的快速真空断路器(FVCB)组成。平行连接的电视和FVCB组成了基本的光控模块。基本模块串联起来可以增加阻压(耐)电压。当合闸指令被触发时,TVS在几微秒内动作并首先携带高使能电流;FVCB作为TVS的并联保护装置,其合闸指令与TVS同时发出。一旦FVCB关闭,使电流将转移到该支路,TVS中的侵蚀可以显着减少。本文利用电力系统仿真软件EMTDC/PSCAD对典型结果进行了理论分析和仿真。仿真结果与实验结果基本一致。实验和理论结果表明,这种新型快速成形装置用于高压断路器的综合成形试验是可行的
{"title":"Verification of a Fast Making Switch Based on Triggered Vacuum Switch and Vacuum Circuit Breaker","authors":"Fan Xing-ming, Qiu Hong-hui, Liao Min-fu, Zou Ji-yan","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2006.357277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2006.357277","url":null,"abstract":"During synthetic making test a high speed making device is necessary to connect the switching device under test immediately after pre-strike during closing operation under applied voltage. A new kind of fast making device is emphatically expounded in this research, which is composed of triggered vacuum switch (TVS) and a fast vacuum circuit breaker (FVCB) with permanent magnetic actuator. Parallel-connected TVS and FVCB make up the basic optic-controlled module. And basic modules arranging in series can be increase the hold-off (withstand) voltage. When the closing command is triggered, TVS acts in several microseconds and carries the high making current first FVCB acts as the parallel protecting device for TVS, its closing command is sent simultaneously with TVS. Once FVCB closed the making current will shift to this branch, the erosion in TVS can be remarkably decreased. In this paper, a theoretical analysis is made and typical result is simulated with the power system simulation software EMTDC/PSCAD. The simulation result is similar to the experiment one. From the experiment and theoretical result it is known that the new kind of fast making device is feasible for synthetic making test of high voltage circuit breakers","PeriodicalId":369861,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125279912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
The Effect of an Auxiliary External Electrode on Low-pressure Xenon Pulsed Discharge 辅助外电极对低压氙气脉冲放电的影响
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357375
M. Okamoto, K. Koyama, H. Kurokawa, H. Motomura, M. Jinno
The fluorescent lamps are widely used for general lighting because of their high efficacy, long life and so forth. Mercury which is used in fluorescent lamps for general lighting has a possibility to cause environmental problems. The author's group has been developing fluorescent lamps which contain only rare gases without mercury. The wavelength of the xenon resonance line is the longest in the rare-gas resonance lines, so that the Stokes-loss becomes smaller than the other rare-gases' cases. Therefore the authors have investigated pulsed xenon fluorescent lamps. However luminous flux of xenon fluorescent lamps was not large enough. The authors have been making efforts to improve luminous flux of the xenon lamp by expanding positive column. By setting an auxiliary external electrode on the outside wall of the lamp, positive column expands and luminous flux increases. However luminous efficacy decreases because power consumption through the external electrode is too large. So by using resistor, the current flowing through the external electrode is suppressed and power consumption decreased. Consequently higher luminous efficacy up to 100 lm/W with high luminance 6894 cd/m2 is achieved
荧光灯以其效率高、寿命长等优点被广泛应用于普通照明。用于普通照明的荧光灯中使用的汞有可能造成环境问题。作者的小组一直在开发只含稀有气体而不含汞的荧光灯。氙谐振谱线的波长在稀有气体谐振谱线中最长,使得斯托克斯损失比其他稀有气体的情况要小。因此,作者对脉冲氙气荧光灯进行了研究。但氙气荧光灯的光通量不够大。为了提高氙灯的光通量,作者一直在努力扩大正极柱。通过在灯的外壁上设置辅助外电极,使正柱膨胀,光通量增大。然而,由于外部电极的功耗太大,导致发光效率下降。因此,通过使用电阻器,可以抑制流经外部电极的电流,降低功耗。因此,更高的发光效率高达100 lm/W,高亮度达到6894 cd/m2
{"title":"The Effect of an Auxiliary External Electrode on Low-pressure Xenon Pulsed Discharge","authors":"M. Okamoto, K. Koyama, H. Kurokawa, H. Motomura, M. Jinno","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2006.357375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2006.357375","url":null,"abstract":"The fluorescent lamps are widely used for general lighting because of their high efficacy, long life and so forth. Mercury which is used in fluorescent lamps for general lighting has a possibility to cause environmental problems. The author's group has been developing fluorescent lamps which contain only rare gases without mercury. The wavelength of the xenon resonance line is the longest in the rare-gas resonance lines, so that the Stokes-loss becomes smaller than the other rare-gases' cases. Therefore the authors have investigated pulsed xenon fluorescent lamps. However luminous flux of xenon fluorescent lamps was not large enough. The authors have been making efforts to improve luminous flux of the xenon lamp by expanding positive column. By setting an auxiliary external electrode on the outside wall of the lamp, positive column expands and luminous flux increases. However luminous efficacy decreases because power consumption through the external electrode is too large. So by using resistor, the current flowing through the external electrode is suppressed and power consumption decreased. Consequently higher luminous efficacy up to 100 lm/W with high luminance 6894 cd/m2 is achieved","PeriodicalId":369861,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127813609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of Axial Magnetic Field electrode applied to high voltage Vacuum Interrupters 轴向磁场电极在高压真空灭流器中的应用分析
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357295
Xiu Shi-xin, P. Lei, Wang Jimei, Li Jianfei, He Guangli
In order to develop high voltage and large capability vacuum circuit breaker, it is necessary to make sure that there is enough strong axial magnetic field even with long gap distance. In this paper, the magnetic field of those model at the long gap distance were calculated for the coil-type axial magnetic field electrode and the cup-type axial magnetic field electrode, the results show the axial magnetic field distribution on the midplane between the two electrodes, the effect of some electrode structure parameters and the relative position between the two electrodes on the axial magnetic field were studied. Based on the analysis of the results, a new electrode structure applied to high voltage vacuum interrupters was developed
为了研制高电压大容量真空断路器,必须保证在较长的间隙内也有足够强的轴向磁场。本文计算了线圈式轴向磁场电极和杯状轴向磁场电极在长间隙处的磁场分布,得到了两种电极中间平面上的轴向磁场分布,研究了一些电极结构参数和两电极之间的相对位置对轴向磁场的影响。在分析结果的基础上,提出了一种适用于高压真空灭弧器的新型电极结构
{"title":"Analysis of Axial Magnetic Field electrode applied to high voltage Vacuum Interrupters","authors":"Xiu Shi-xin, P. Lei, Wang Jimei, Li Jianfei, He Guangli","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2006.357295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2006.357295","url":null,"abstract":"In order to develop high voltage and large capability vacuum circuit breaker, it is necessary to make sure that there is enough strong axial magnetic field even with long gap distance. In this paper, the magnetic field of those model at the long gap distance were calculated for the coil-type axial magnetic field electrode and the cup-type axial magnetic field electrode, the results show the axial magnetic field distribution on the midplane between the two electrodes, the effect of some electrode structure parameters and the relative position between the two electrodes on the axial magnetic field were studied. Based on the analysis of the results, a new electrode structure applied to high voltage vacuum interrupters was developed","PeriodicalId":369861,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129098951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Penning-like Energy Transfer between Argon and Nitrogen 氩氮间的潘宁式能量传递
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357394
T. Matsuda, T. Sato, H. Motomura, M. Jinno
Nitrogen is known as a gas that has many emission spectra in ultraviolet region named 2nd positive band and they are thought to be suitable for phosphor excitation instead of harmful mercury. However, a molecular gas in a discharge has a tendency to get a high temperature because energy is stored as vibrational and rotational energy. This is a serious problem when the nitrogen discharge is used for light sources. Moreover, nitrogen requires fairy higher voltage to ignite and maintain a discharge compared with mercury-argon mixture. Because argon metastable levels (11.5 eV and 11.7 eV) lie near nitrogen C3IIu level (11.05 eV), which is upper state of 2nd positive band, energy transfer from argon metastable to nitrogen C 3IIu state is expected in the nitrogen-argon discharge. By limiting the amount of nitrogen to small portion, which is like a relationship between mercury and argon as a Penning gas, the discharge becomes stable and the temperature decrease, whereas the positive column of pure nitrogen or pure argon discharge tend to shrink and the pure nitrogen discharge have a high temperature. This result is attributed to the efficient energy flow to the C3IIu level through the energy transfer mentioned above. However, there is another problem that the amount of nitrogen molecule decreases during discharge, possibly by adsorption of nitrogen to the wall of discharge tube or the electrodes, which is confirmed from decrease in intensity of nitrogen molecule emission. The mechanisms of decrease in nitrogen molecule are under investigation
氮是一种在紫外区具有许多发射光谱的气体,被称为第二正极带,它们被认为适合于磷光体激发而不是有害的汞。然而,放电中的分子气体有获得高温的倾向,因为能量以振动和旋转能量的形式储存。当氮气放电用于光源时,这是一个严重的问题。此外,与汞氩混合物相比,氮气需要更高的电压来点燃并保持放电。由于氩气亚稳能级(11.5 eV和11.7 eV)位于氮C3IIu能级(11.05 eV)附近,处于第二正极带的上能级,因此氮氩放电过程中存在从氩亚稳向氮C3IIu态的能量转移。通过将氮气的量限制在很小的一部分,就像彭宁气体中汞和氩气的关系一样,放电变得稳定,温度下降,而纯氮或纯氩放电的正柱趋于收缩,纯氮放电温度较高。这一结果归因于通过上述能量转移有效的能量流到C3IIu水平。然而,还有一个问题,即在放电过程中氮分子的数量减少,这可能是由于氮在放电管壁上或电极上的吸附,这可以从氮分子发射强度的降低中得到证实。氮分子减少的机理正在研究中
{"title":"Penning-like Energy Transfer between Argon and Nitrogen","authors":"T. Matsuda, T. Sato, H. Motomura, M. Jinno","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2006.357394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2006.357394","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen is known as a gas that has many emission spectra in ultraviolet region named 2nd positive band and they are thought to be suitable for phosphor excitation instead of harmful mercury. However, a molecular gas in a discharge has a tendency to get a high temperature because energy is stored as vibrational and rotational energy. This is a serious problem when the nitrogen discharge is used for light sources. Moreover, nitrogen requires fairy higher voltage to ignite and maintain a discharge compared with mercury-argon mixture. Because argon metastable levels (11.5 eV and 11.7 eV) lie near nitrogen C3IIu level (11.05 eV), which is upper state of 2nd positive band, energy transfer from argon metastable to nitrogen C 3IIu state is expected in the nitrogen-argon discharge. By limiting the amount of nitrogen to small portion, which is like a relationship between mercury and argon as a Penning gas, the discharge becomes stable and the temperature decrease, whereas the positive column of pure nitrogen or pure argon discharge tend to shrink and the pure nitrogen discharge have a high temperature. This result is attributed to the efficient energy flow to the C3IIu level through the energy transfer mentioned above. However, there is another problem that the amount of nitrogen molecule decreases during discharge, possibly by adsorption of nitrogen to the wall of discharge tube or the electrodes, which is confirmed from decrease in intensity of nitrogen molecule emission. The mechanisms of decrease in nitrogen molecule are under investigation","PeriodicalId":369861,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130331495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Preliminary Study on Arc Welding in Vacuum 真空弧焊的初步研究
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357414
H. Toya, K. Hieda, T. Saitou
Welding technology in space is required to repair the space station. Arc welding in vacuum should be more conventional than electron beam welding because of low voltage operation. Preliminary study on vacuum arc welding is presented in this paper. Arc was ignited by separating an arcing electrode (cathode) from the welding piece (anode). The former is composed of a rod with round tip, however the latter of a screw/nut set. Both of them are made of stainless-steal (SUS304). A pulsed-arc current up to approx. 3kA with duration of about 15-20ms was fed from a power supply that was consisted of a low-voltage LC circuit (135 muH/0.04F/550V) with a crowbar diode. The screw/nut seemed to be uniformly melted by eye. The tensile strength of the welded piece was measured after welding test. However it was low in comparison with a TIG welding piece performed in an atmospheric pressure. One-dimensional thermal conduction was analyzed in a finite welding piece. The calculated result showed that the melting depth could be over 1mm when the arc current flows for more than 10-15 times longer than that in this experiment. Further investigation is required to find appropriate conditions (arc current, arc discharge mode, welding material, etc) to realize satisfactory arc welding in vacuum
太空焊接技术是修复空间站所必需的。真空弧焊由于操作电压低,应比电子束焊更常规。本文对真空弧焊进行了初步研究。电弧是通过将电弧电极(阴极)与焊件(阳极)分离而点燃的。前者是由一个杆与圆的尖端,但后者是一个螺钉/螺母设置。它们都是由不锈钢(SUS304)制成。脉冲电弧电流高达约。3kA的持续时间约为15-20ms,电源由低压LC电路(135 muH/0.04F/550V)和撬棍二极管组成。螺钉/螺母似乎被均匀地熔化了。焊接试验结束后,对焊接件的抗拉强度进行了测定。然而,与在大气压力下进行的TIG焊接件相比,它是低的。对有限焊接件的一维热传导进行了分析。计算结果表明,当电弧电流流动时间比本实验长10-15倍以上时,熔化深度可达1mm以上。要实现满意的真空弧焊,需要进一步研究合适的条件(电弧电流、电弧放电方式、焊接材料等)
{"title":"Preliminary Study on Arc Welding in Vacuum","authors":"H. Toya, K. Hieda, T. Saitou","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2006.357414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2006.357414","url":null,"abstract":"Welding technology in space is required to repair the space station. Arc welding in vacuum should be more conventional than electron beam welding because of low voltage operation. Preliminary study on vacuum arc welding is presented in this paper. Arc was ignited by separating an arcing electrode (cathode) from the welding piece (anode). The former is composed of a rod with round tip, however the latter of a screw/nut set. Both of them are made of stainless-steal (SUS304). A pulsed-arc current up to approx. 3kA with duration of about 15-20ms was fed from a power supply that was consisted of a low-voltage LC circuit (135 muH/0.04F/550V) with a crowbar diode. The screw/nut seemed to be uniformly melted by eye. The tensile strength of the welded piece was measured after welding test. However it was low in comparison with a TIG welding piece performed in an atmospheric pressure. One-dimensional thermal conduction was analyzed in a finite welding piece. The calculated result showed that the melting depth could be over 1mm when the arc current flows for more than 10-15 times longer than that in this experiment. Further investigation is required to find appropriate conditions (arc current, arc discharge mode, welding material, etc) to realize satisfactory arc welding in vacuum","PeriodicalId":369861,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","volume":"80 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131626581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Analysis of Axial Magnetic Field of Slot Type Axial Magnetic Field Contacts with Iron Plates 槽型轴向磁场接触铁板的轴向磁场分析
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357288
Zhiyuan Liu, Yaping Hu, Jimei Wang, Quan Wang, Dongli Bi, Guangli He
This paper introduces a new kind of slot type axial magnetic field (AMF) contact with iron plates. The objective of this paper is to analyze AMF characteristics of the new contact. The analysis was done by finite element method. Influence of iron plate parameters on AMF characteristics, such as axial magnetic flux density at current peak and current zero and phase shift time distribution, are shown. AMF characteristics of same contact without iron were analyzed for a comparison. It is found that a case gave the highest AMF 1.067T at current peak and its maximum AMF at current zero is 0.229T that is very close to the situation without iron 0.228T, while its phase shift time is as low as 0.6ms ~ l,6ms on the intermediate plane in contact gap. In this case parameters of iron plates are quantities of iron plates 12, inner diameter 16mm, outer diameter 46mm, height of iron plates 8mm and thickness of contact plates 3mm
介绍了一种与铁板接触的新型槽型轴向磁场(AMF)。本文的目的是分析新接触的AMF特性。采用有限元法进行分析。分析了铁板参数对电流峰值和电流零点处轴向磁通密度及相移时分布等AMF特性的影响。分析了无铁相同触点的AMF特性并进行比较。结果表明,一种情况在电流峰值处的AMF最高为1.067T,在电流零处的AMF最大为0.229T,与不含铁的情况0.228T非常接近,而其在触点间隙中间平面的相移时间低至0.6ms ~ 1.6ms。在这种情况下,铁板的参数为铁板数量12,内径16mm,外径46mm,铁板高度8mm,接触板厚度3mm
{"title":"Analysis of Axial Magnetic Field of Slot Type Axial Magnetic Field Contacts with Iron Plates","authors":"Zhiyuan Liu, Yaping Hu, Jimei Wang, Quan Wang, Dongli Bi, Guangli He","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2006.357288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2006.357288","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a new kind of slot type axial magnetic field (AMF) contact with iron plates. The objective of this paper is to analyze AMF characteristics of the new contact. The analysis was done by finite element method. Influence of iron plate parameters on AMF characteristics, such as axial magnetic flux density at current peak and current zero and phase shift time distribution, are shown. AMF characteristics of same contact without iron were analyzed for a comparison. It is found that a case gave the highest AMF 1.067T at current peak and its maximum AMF at current zero is 0.229T that is very close to the situation without iron 0.228T, while its phase shift time is as low as 0.6ms ~ l,6ms on the intermediate plane in contact gap. In this case parameters of iron plates are quantities of iron plates 12, inner diameter 16mm, outer diameter 46mm, height of iron plates 8mm and thickness of contact plates 3mm","PeriodicalId":369861,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132132408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Controlled Switching of Shunt Capacitor Banks with Vacuum Circuit Breaker 用真空断路器控制并联电容器组的开关
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357333
F. Ding, X. Duan, J. Zou, M. Liao
Controlled switching has been used extensively throughout the whole world for shunt capacitor banks. By precisely controlling where on the voltage waveform the contacts touch, it is possible to greatly reduce the magnitudes of the switching electrical transients. This paper presents the basic principle and the software algorithms of controlled switching for three-phase shunt capacitor banks with ungrounded neutral. The stringent performance requirement of the controlled vacuum circuit breaker with independent-pole-operated permanent magnetic actuator (PMA) and the synchronous controller based on the digital signal processor TMS320LF2407A that switching target tolerances should be within plusmn1ms was achieved. Numerous successful switching experiments on the 12kV voltage system demonstrated the well performance of the controlled switching system
控制开关在世界范围内广泛应用于并联电容器组。通过精确控制触点在电压波形上的触点位置,可以大大减小开关电瞬变的幅度。本文介绍了中性点不接地三相并联电容器组控制开关的基本原理和软件算法。实现了独立极控永磁执行器(PMA)和基于数字信号处理器TMS320LF2407A的同步控制器控制真空断路器开关目标公差在±mn1ms以内的严格性能要求。在12kV电压系统上多次成功的开关实验证明了该控制开关系统的良好性能
{"title":"Controlled Switching of Shunt Capacitor Banks with Vacuum Circuit Breaker","authors":"F. Ding, X. Duan, J. Zou, M. Liao","doi":"10.1109/DEIV.2006.357333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DEIV.2006.357333","url":null,"abstract":"Controlled switching has been used extensively throughout the whole world for shunt capacitor banks. By precisely controlling where on the voltage waveform the contacts touch, it is possible to greatly reduce the magnitudes of the switching electrical transients. This paper presents the basic principle and the software algorithms of controlled switching for three-phase shunt capacitor banks with ungrounded neutral. The stringent performance requirement of the controlled vacuum circuit breaker with independent-pole-operated permanent magnetic actuator (PMA) and the synchronous controller based on the digital signal processor TMS320LF2407A that switching target tolerances should be within plusmn1ms was achieved. Numerous successful switching experiments on the 12kV voltage system demonstrated the well performance of the controlled switching system","PeriodicalId":369861,"journal":{"name":"2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134418407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
期刊
2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1