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2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum最新文献

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Development of a Cylindrical Neutron Generator using RF-driven Plasma 利用射频驱动等离子体的圆柱形中子发生器的研制
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357392
K. Chung, H.D. Jung, J. Park, Y. Hwang
A compact cylindrical neutron generator using RF (radio-frequency) inductively-coupled plasma has been developed in radially convergent ion beam extraction configuration. Since the RF plasma source has characteristics of high plasma density, low gas pressure, high mono-atomic fraction, and long lifetime, it is known to be suitable for generating high neutron yield with high efficiency. In order to increase neutron yield, the energy and the number of incident particles should be as large as possible. Since the cylindrical source can be operated as a line source configuration the extracted beam current can be increased easily. In this paper, experimental results with the cylindrical neutron generator are given and the operating characteristics of the device are discussed to improve neutron generation efficiency
利用射频电感耦合等离子体,研制了一种径向会聚离子束提取结构的小型圆柱形中子发生器。由于射频等离子体源具有高等离子体密度、低气体压力、高单原子分数和长寿命的特点,因此它适合于高效率地产生高中子产率。为了提高中子产率,入射粒子的能量和数量应该尽可能的大。由于圆柱源可以作为线源配置操作,提取的光束电流可以很容易地增加。本文给出了圆柱形中子发生器的实验结果,并讨论了该装置的工作特性,以提高中子的产生效率
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引用次数: 1
Application of low-energy secondary emission electron gun for VOC treatment 低能量二次发射电子枪在VOC处理中的应用
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357387
A. Fukamachi, M. Watanabe, A. Okino, K. Ko, E. Hotta
Non-thermal plasma technologies using electrical discharges or electron beam irradiation offer an energy- and cost-efficient approach to the decomposition of gaseous compounds. We have developed a low-energy secondary emission electron gun (SEEG) using wire ion plasma source (WIPS) for gaseous pollutant treatment. The devise has some inherent advantages such as compact in size, wide and uniform electron beam. In this work, divergence of electron beam energy was measured and NO removal characteristics have been studied under increasing gun voltage and changing dimension of gas treatment chamber. It has been observed that the smaller chamber gives better removal efficiency of NO and we are trying to apply this device to VOC treatment
使用放电或电子束辐照的非热等离子体技术为气体化合物的分解提供了一种能源和成本效益高的方法。我们研制了一种利用线离子等离子体源(WIPS)处理气体污染物的低能二次发射电子枪(SEEG)。该装置具有体积小、电子束宽、均匀等优点。本文测量了电子束能量发散度,研究了增大枪电压和改变气体处理室尺寸对NO的去除特性。观察到,较小的腔室对NO的去除效率更高,我们正在尝试将该装置应用于VOC的处理
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引用次数: 0
Verification of a Fast Making Switch Based on Triggered Vacuum Switch and Vacuum Circuit Breaker 一种基于触发真空开关和真空断路器的快速闭合开关的验证
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357277
Fan Xing-ming, Qiu Hong-hui, Liao Min-fu, Zou Ji-yan
During synthetic making test a high speed making device is necessary to connect the switching device under test immediately after pre-strike during closing operation under applied voltage. A new kind of fast making device is emphatically expounded in this research, which is composed of triggered vacuum switch (TVS) and a fast vacuum circuit breaker (FVCB) with permanent magnetic actuator. Parallel-connected TVS and FVCB make up the basic optic-controlled module. And basic modules arranging in series can be increase the hold-off (withstand) voltage. When the closing command is triggered, TVS acts in several microseconds and carries the high making current first FVCB acts as the parallel protecting device for TVS, its closing command is sent simultaneously with TVS. Once FVCB closed the making current will shift to this branch, the erosion in TVS can be remarkably decreased. In this paper, a theoretical analysis is made and typical result is simulated with the power system simulation software EMTDC/PSCAD. The simulation result is similar to the experiment one. From the experiment and theoretical result it is known that the new kind of fast making device is feasible for synthetic making test of high voltage circuit breakers
在合成制造试验中,在施加电压合闸操作时,在预击后立即连接被试开关装置,需要一个高速制造装置。本研究重点阐述了一种新型的快速制造装置,该装置由触发真空开关(TVS)和带永磁作动器的快速真空断路器(FVCB)组成。平行连接的电视和FVCB组成了基本的光控模块。基本模块串联起来可以增加阻压(耐)电压。当合闸指令被触发时,TVS在几微秒内动作并首先携带高使能电流;FVCB作为TVS的并联保护装置,其合闸指令与TVS同时发出。一旦FVCB关闭,使电流将转移到该支路,TVS中的侵蚀可以显着减少。本文利用电力系统仿真软件EMTDC/PSCAD对典型结果进行了理论分析和仿真。仿真结果与实验结果基本一致。实验和理论结果表明,这种新型快速成形装置用于高压断路器的综合成形试验是可行的
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引用次数: 8
Challenges For Vacuum Interrupter Design 真空灭流器设计的挑战
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357336
R. Parashar, A. Baker, A. Sitzia
Vacuum interrupters form the key component of a medium voltage (MV) vacuum switchgear design. Vacuum interrupter technology is now well established and key manufacturers across the world are routinely producing interrupters for ratings up to 52kVrms. Manufacturers have focused on reducing the cost of interrupter components by adapting to more efficient contact geometry, improved contact materials, finite element modelling for improved field distribution and new processing techniques. However, these methods are now such that further cost reductions are becoming difficult. This may become a driving force to improve design capability with further scope for cost reductions. For example, in the low voltage (LV) sector (< lkV) vacuum interrupters are available at costs that are much higher than air break switches. Similarly, in the high voltage (HV) sector (52kV les Ur les 145kV) no efficient and cost effective designs are available, and in addition, radiation related safety concerns must be considered. This paper explores the existing switchgear portfolio in LV, MV and HV segments, corresponding demand and emerging market needs for vacuum interrupters and explores areas where the technology needs to be developed and new products brought to market
真空灭弧是中压(MV)真空开关设备设计的关键部件。真空断流技术现在已经很成熟,世界各地的主要制造商通常生产额定高达52kVrms的断流器。制造商一直致力于通过采用更有效的接触几何形状、改进的接触材料、改善现场分布的有限元模型和新的加工技术来降低中断元件的成本。然而,这些方法现在使得进一步降低成本变得困难。这可能成为提高设计能力和进一步降低成本的动力。例如,在低压(LV)扇区(< lkV)中,真空断路开关的成本远远高于空气断路开关。同样,在高压(HV)领域(52kV至145kV),没有高效和经济的设计,此外,必须考虑与辐射有关的安全问题。本文探讨了低压、中压和高压部分的现有开关柜产品组合,相应的需求和新兴市场对真空断路器的需求,并探讨了需要开发技术和将新产品推向市场的领域
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引用次数: 0
Vacuum Breakdown between Molten Metal Electrodes 熔融金属电极之间的真空击穿
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357216
G. Sandolache, S. Rowe
The presence of molten metal on the surface of the electrodes of vacuum circuit breakers, following the interruption of high currents, is a potential source of reduction of breakdown strength. The authors thus devised special experiments to study this effect by separating the roles of the presence of the metal vapour from that of the presence of a molten metal. The experiments also separate the pure dielectric effect from that of the post arc plasma sheath and its dynamic movement, under the influence of the transient recovery voltage, TRV. The results show clearly the large reduction of breakdown voltage which can occur in under these circumstances. These results allow an improved understanding of the physical mechanisms taking place under the transient plasma sheath during the TRV
在大电流中断后,真空断路器电极表面存在熔融金属,这是降低击穿强度的潜在原因。因此,作者设计了特殊的实验,通过将金属蒸气的存在与熔融金属的存在的作用分开来研究这种效应。在瞬态恢复电压TRV的影响下,实验还分离了纯介电效应和电弧后等离子体护套及其动态运动的影响。结果清楚地表明,在这种情况下,击穿电压会大大降低。这些结果使我们对瞬态等离子体鞘层下发生的物理机制有了更好的理解
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引用次数: 8
The ultra high voltage device with vacuum insulation 采用真空绝缘的超高压装置
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357265
Danshuheng, Tang Xinlong, Wang Dezhong, Zhupingyuan
The ultra high voltage transmission lines rated 1000kV will be the effective and practical strategy for the interconnection of the national wide power grid in China. In order to test the equipment with ultra high voltage the synthesis circuit which uses voltage and current source to work together will be adopted because of the lower test cost. The very important device which will determine and influence the validity of the synthesis circuit test will be introduced and designed in this paper. The voltage is high so the gap in air will be very long to sustain such high voltage even in vacuum the gap will also be long enough. Long gap is not easy to be influenced by the tripping signal. The simulation test is carried out with air gaps in series. The function of the tripping signal on the breakdown of the gaps is tested. The minimum breakdown voltage is tested and compared between the same gap with and without tripping signal. The relationship of the voltage smaller than the minimum breakdown voltage and the breakdown time is also tested. The test result proves that tripping signal can control the breakdown time of the gaps in series, which will be true for the long vacuum gaps in series. Furthermore the tripped vacuum gaps in series rated 500kV with 3.8m long is designed
1000kV超高压输电线路将是实现中国全国电网互联的有效而实用的策略。为了对超高压设备进行测试,由于测试成本较低,将采用电压和电流源协同工作的综合电路。本文介绍并设计了决定和影响综合电路测试有效性的重要器件。电压很高,因此空气中的间隙将非常长,以维持如此高的电压,即使在真空中,间隙也将足够长。长间隙不容易受跳闸信号的影响。模拟试验采用气隙串联进行。测试了跳闸信号对间隙击穿的作用。在有跳闸信号和没有跳闸信号的情况下,对相同间隙的最小击穿电压进行了测试和比较。测试了小于最小击穿电压的电压与击穿时间的关系。试验结果表明,跳闸信号可以控制串联真空间隙的击穿时间,对于长真空间隙的串联也是如此。设计了额定500kV、长3.8m串联跳闸真空间隙
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引用次数: 0
Formative Time Lag to Breakdown in Micro Gap at Low Atmospheric Pressure 低气压下微间隙击穿的形成时滞
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357226
K. Nitta, S. Matsuoka, M. Chiba, K. Hidaka
This paper studies the discharge development in a micro gap between metal materials in air experimentally and analytically. As a high voltage side electrode is stressed by different voltages at a fixed gap length with UV irradiation, the electrical breakdown voltage is measured as a function of the time lag. The measured time lag until the spark breakdown ranges from 10-1 to 10-4 s between 190 Torr and 760Torr. Using the measured time lag to the breakdown, the formative time lag to breakdown is obtained and the formative time lag to breakdown is calculated by gammai, gammap and gammam. The calculation results of the formative time lag agree with the experiment results. The obtained values of gamma i, gammap and gammam are applied to the estimate the formative time lag to breakdown at various pressures, from 190 Torr to 760 Torr, between metal electrodes in a uniform electric field
本文对空气中金属材料间微间隙放电发展进行了实验和分析研究。由于高压侧电极在固定间隙长度处受到不同电压的应力,在紫外线照射下,电击穿电压作为时间滞后的函数被测量。在190torr和760Torr之间,测量到火花击穿的时间滞后范围为10-1到10-4 s。利用测量到的击穿时滞,得到形成击穿时滞,并利用伽玛、伽玛映射和伽玛计算形成击穿时滞。形成时滞的计算结果与实验结果吻合。得到的gamma i、gamma map和gamma值用于估计均匀电场中金属电极之间在不同压力下(从190托到760托)击穿的形成时滞
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引用次数: 0
Improvement of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device by Lowed Operating Gas Pressure using Magnetron-Discharge-Based Ion Source 利用磁控管放电离子源降低工作气压改进惯性静电约束装置
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357383
T. Takamatsu, T. Oishi, K. Masuda, K. Yoshikawa
An inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) device is studied for a compact fusion neutron/proton source using a magnetron discharge as an external ion source. The addition of ion sources to the IEC device is to enhance the efficiency of fusion reactions by lowering the operating gas pressure and by providing high energetic ion. Doppler shift spectroscopy was carried out to evaluate an improvement of the IEC. It was found that mean energy of fast neutral was increased by 20-50 % in this IEC, as compared to conventional glow-discharge-based IEC
研究了一种以磁控管放电为外离子源的紧凑型中子/质子聚变源惯性静电约束装置。在IEC装置中增加离子源是为了通过降低操作气体压力和提供高能离子来提高聚变反应的效率。采用多普勒频移光谱法对IEC的改进进行了评价。实验发现,与传统的辉光放电型IEC相比,该IEC的快中性平均能量提高了20- 50%
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of an Auxiliary External Electrode on Low-pressure Xenon Pulsed Discharge 辅助外电极对低压氙气脉冲放电的影响
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357375
M. Okamoto, K. Koyama, H. Kurokawa, H. Motomura, M. Jinno
The fluorescent lamps are widely used for general lighting because of their high efficacy, long life and so forth. Mercury which is used in fluorescent lamps for general lighting has a possibility to cause environmental problems. The author's group has been developing fluorescent lamps which contain only rare gases without mercury. The wavelength of the xenon resonance line is the longest in the rare-gas resonance lines, so that the Stokes-loss becomes smaller than the other rare-gases' cases. Therefore the authors have investigated pulsed xenon fluorescent lamps. However luminous flux of xenon fluorescent lamps was not large enough. The authors have been making efforts to improve luminous flux of the xenon lamp by expanding positive column. By setting an auxiliary external electrode on the outside wall of the lamp, positive column expands and luminous flux increases. However luminous efficacy decreases because power consumption through the external electrode is too large. So by using resistor, the current flowing through the external electrode is suppressed and power consumption decreased. Consequently higher luminous efficacy up to 100 lm/W with high luminance 6894 cd/m2 is achieved
荧光灯以其效率高、寿命长等优点被广泛应用于普通照明。用于普通照明的荧光灯中使用的汞有可能造成环境问题。作者的小组一直在开发只含稀有气体而不含汞的荧光灯。氙谐振谱线的波长在稀有气体谐振谱线中最长,使得斯托克斯损失比其他稀有气体的情况要小。因此,作者对脉冲氙气荧光灯进行了研究。但氙气荧光灯的光通量不够大。为了提高氙灯的光通量,作者一直在努力扩大正极柱。通过在灯的外壁上设置辅助外电极,使正柱膨胀,光通量增大。然而,由于外部电极的功耗太大,导致发光效率下降。因此,通过使用电阻器,可以抑制流经外部电极的电流,降低功耗。因此,更高的发光效率高达100 lm/W,高亮度达到6894 cd/m2
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引用次数: 0
Research on Intelligent Vacuum Circuit Breaker Controller based on Embedded Network Control System 基于嵌入式网络控制系统的智能真空断路器控制器研究
Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/DEIV.2006.357346
Yundong Cao, Feng Li, Xiaoming Liu, Chunguang Hou
An intelligent releaser with embedded network control function is introduced. And the field bus technology, embedded technology, Ethernet technology and intelligent protection control technology are integrated and applied to the actual products. Based on the front edge of the world's intelligent electric appliance, the mining vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) of low voltage and large current, which has protective and communication function, has been developed. Moreover, the intelligent protection and control function, network communication and monitor function are implemented by adding the intelligent control module and adopting embedded system and TCP/IP protocol. The system covers the main functions, such as, the protection of short circuit, over-voltage, under voltage, overload and earthing, the real-time communication between Ethernet and terminal computer, the display about the current and voltage of circuit and faults information, the historical data review and print. In order to increase the efficiency, realize the monitoring on-line for remote distance, the intelligent VCB based on the network, communication, openness and compatibility has been developed
介绍了一种具有嵌入式网络控制功能的智能释放器。并将现场总线技术、嵌入式技术、以太网技术和智能保护控制技术集成到实际产品中。基于世界智能电器的前沿,研制出了具有保护和通信功能的低压大电流矿用真空断路器。通过增加智能控制模块,采用嵌入式系统和TCP/IP协议,实现了智能保护与控制功能、网络通信与监控功能。系统实现了短路、过压、欠压、过载、接地保护,以太网与终端计算机的实时通信,电路电流、电压的显示和故障信息的显示,历史数据的查看和打印等主要功能。为了提高工作效率,实现远程在线监控,开发了基于网络、通信、开放和兼容的智能型断路器
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引用次数: 3
期刊
2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum
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