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Learning for employability in contexts of economic despair: Empirical insight from the Gaza Strip 经济绝望背景下的就业能力学习:来自加沙地带的经验见解
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.21153/jtlge2023vol14no1art1711
Anas N. Almassri
Literature on education for employment (EfE) predominantly focuses on the role of higher education institutions (HEIs) in preparing students for the workforce. This focus covers links between employability, on one hand, and teaching, curriculum, assessment, and extracurricular activities, on the other. The role of independent learning, broadly understood as students’ individual effort to enhance their employability, remains masked and is assigned secondary importance in the relevant literature. This scholarship deficit is arguably more pronounced in contexts of economic despair. In such contexts, an EfE logic still supersedes any logic of learning for employability (LfE) in efforts to train a high-calibre workforce for economic recovery and development. Yet, this logic is often accompanied by decontextualized views of HEIs, which often lead to suboptimal problem formulations and unfeasible solution proposals. The study is an attempt at addressing this deficit. It proposes a parallel, not alternative, logic of LfE, which centralizes students’ independent learning engagements to examine and develop support for their own pursuits of employability development. The study draws on original empirical data collected, through a questionnaire and in-depth interviews, from new graduates in the Gaza Strip. Through interpretive phenomenological analysis, the study findings suggest that the participants exerted significant, independent, and strategic effort in seizing employability development opportunities. Based on the findings, I contend that a learner-centred logic of linking education and employability is of compelling significance to various stakeholders in the education and market spheres, especially in contexts of protracted hardship.
关于就业教育(EfE)的文献主要集中在高等教育机构(HEIs)在为学生准备劳动力方面的作用。这一重点一方面涵盖了就业能力与教学、课程、评估和课外活动之间的联系。独立学习的作用,被广泛理解为学生提高就业能力的个人努力,仍然被掩盖,在相关文献中被赋予次要的重要性。可以说,在经济绝望的背景下,这种奖学金赤字更为明显。在这种情况下,在为经济复苏和发展培训高素质劳动力的努力中,EfE逻辑仍然取代了任何就业能力学习(LfE)逻辑。然而,这种逻辑往往伴随着对高等教育机构的脱离背景的看法,这往往导致次优的问题表述和不可行的解决方案建议。这项研究试图解决这一缺陷。它提出了一个平行的,而不是替代的,人生教育的逻辑,它集中了学生的独立学习活动,以检查和发展对他们自己追求就业能力发展的支持。该研究利用了通过问卷调查和深入访谈从加沙地带应届毕业生中收集的原始经验数据。通过解释现象学分析,研究结果表明,参与者在抓住就业能力发展机会方面发挥了重要的、独立的、战略性的努力。基于这些发现,我认为将教育和就业能力联系起来的以学习者为中心的逻辑对教育和市场领域的各种利益相关者具有引人注目的意义,特别是在长期困难的背景下。
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引用次数: 0
Students with disabilities as ideal graduates: universities' obligations to support extracurricular involvement 作为理想毕业生的残疾学生:大学支持课外活动的义务
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21153/jtlge2023vol14no2art1789
Brooke Szucs, Paul Harpur
Extracurricular activities (ECAs) and their impact on student employability has become a focus of the higher education sector, with a recent emphasis on experiences such as global exchange and skill acquisition that prepares graduates for the workforce. Despite the initiatives and effort put into supporting the general student population, students with disabilities are underrepresented in these opportunities. This causes such students to have less access to employability opportunities that set them apart from their peers and leads to a distinct disadvantage when seeking to enter the workforce. The literature suggests that there are various benefits of participating in extracurricular activities for university students, including some literature about students with disabilities. However, there is a distinct lack of focus on how the scarcity of support for participation in these programs fails to address equality and discrimination legal obligations, as well as the failure of disability specific initiatives to include these activities as essential to their core mission. This paper aims to examine how Australian University strategic plans addressing disability inclusion and supports for students with disabilities extend to the extracurricular space, and what more can be done to include these students in all aspects of campus life. Through a search and policy analysis of University Strategic Plans, Disability Action Plans, and scholarships for students with disabilities to participate in extracurricular activities, it was revealed that this issue is not being sufficiently addressed through university strategic responses to disability inclusion. This paper provides practitioners and universities with recommendations to improve their compliance with antidiscrimination measures and address this deficit to improve student outcomes.
课外活动(eca)及其对学生就业能力的影响已成为高等教育部门关注的焦点,最近的重点是全球交流和技能获取等经验,为毕业生进入劳动力市场做好准备。尽管在支持普通学生群体方面采取了举措和努力,但残疾学生在这些机会中的代表性不足。这导致这些学生获得就业机会的机会较少,使他们与同龄人区别开来,并导致在寻求进入劳动力市场时处于明显的劣势。文献表明,参加课外活动对大学生有各种好处,包括一些关于残疾学生的文献。然而,由于缺乏对参与这些项目的支持,如何未能解决平等和歧视的法律义务,以及残疾具体倡议未能将这些活动作为其核心使命的必要内容,这些问题显然缺乏关注。本文旨在研究澳大利亚大学如何将残疾包容和支持残疾学生的战略计划扩展到课外空间,以及还可以做些什么来将这些学生纳入校园生活的各个方面。通过对大学战略计划、残疾行动计划和残疾学生参加课外活动的奖学金的搜索和政策分析,发现这一问题没有通过大学对残疾包容的战略反应得到充分解决。本文为从业者和大学提供了建议,以改善他们对反歧视措施的遵守,并解决这一缺陷,以提高学生的成绩。
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引用次数: 1
Moving beyond reasonable adjustments: supporting employability through inclusive assessment design 超越合理调整:通过包容性评估设计支持就业能力
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21153/jtlge2023vol14no2art1785
Joanna Tai
Higher education is moving towards being more inclusive. However, students with disabilities continue to report that their assessment experiences are less than optimal. In these situations, if an assessment format does not enable demonstration of achievement due to aspects irrelevant to the capabilities of interest, then such students are unfairly penalised. In this way, assessment impacts on students’ success at university and beyond. Assessment adjustments are required by law, but are only partially effective since they may impact on assessment validity and hence opportunities for students to accurately represent their learning and achievement. To ensure assessment supports, rather than detracts, from student success and employability, assessment design should be scrutinised in terms of inclusion, with consideration of future potential work environments and graduate attributes. This paper presents an analysis of 2860 assessment adjustments implemented for students with a range of conditions and students’ experiences of adjustments, to highlight possibilities for inclusive assessment design which promote graduate employability. Adjustments relating to exams were most common (71% of students), but group work and oral presentations were also problematic for inclusion. Redesigning exams, including formative opportunities and structures for oral and group tasks, offering flexibility in tasks, and involving students in understanding equivalence across assessment types could improve inclusion. Through supporting students in these ways, assessment design could also incorporate the development of graduate attributes, such as teamwork, global citizenship and communication. This is likely to have a positive impact on students’ success and employability.
高等教育正朝着更具包容性的方向发展。然而,残疾学生继续报告说,他们的评估经验不太理想。在这种情况下,如果一种评估形式由于与感兴趣的能力无关的方面而不能证明成绩,那么这些学生就会受到不公平的惩罚。通过这种方式,评估影响着学生在大学及以后的成功。评估调整是法律要求的,但只是部分有效,因为这可能会影响评估的有效性,从而影响学生准确反映他们的学习和成就的机会。为了确保评估支持而不是减损学生的成功和就业能力,评估设计应在包容性方面进行仔细审查,并考虑到未来潜在的工作环境和毕业生属性。本文分析了2860项针对不同条件的学生实施的评估调整以及学生的调整经验,以突出包容性评估设计的可能性,从而提高毕业生的就业能力。与考试相关的调整是最常见的(71%的学生),但小组工作和口头报告也存在问题。重新设计考试,包括口头和小组任务的形成机会和结构,在任务中提供灵活性,并让学生了解不同评估类型的等效性,可以提高包容性。通过以这些方式支持学生,评估设计也可以纳入研究生属性的发展,如团队合作,全球公民和沟通。这可能会对学生的成功和就业能力产生积极影响。
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引用次数: 1
Recognising and Reconceptualising Ability: Reflections on Disability and Employability 认识和重新定义能力:对残疾和就业能力的思考
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21153/jtlge2023vol14no2art1801
Mollie Dollinger, Sarah O'Shea, Olivia Groves
Not applicable.
不适用。
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引用次数: 1
More Career Development Learning for Neurodivergent Tertiary Education Students: A Case Study 神经发散型高等教育学生的职业发展学习:个案研究
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21153/jtlge2023vol14no2art1790
Jane Coffey, Emma Lovegrove
All adults, regardless of neurodivergent condition, should have the opportunity to engage in meaningful and sustainable work. However, there are a range of unique barriers facing those with neurodivergent conditions which are critical to understand to successfully facilitate the career development learning (CDL) strategies that will enable job market entry and success. In this paper, we will discuss a pilot CDL program, founded on the principles of social constructivism and Students as Partners (SaP), which was developed to provide neurodivergent tertiary students with the necessary skills and information to establish meaningful careers and employment options. Through our study, findings underscored the anxiety many neurodivergent students experience around career development and the need for specialised support to build confidence. Significantly, the most impactful outcomes from the program were the ability for neurodivergent students to hear authentic and relatable stories from their peers. The opportunity to discuss both successes and obstacles through the lens of neurodiversity was a powerful mechanism within which to build a learning environment as well as a sustainable community of practice. The experiences in both designing and conducting the Students as Partners driven CDL workshops for tertiary neurodivergent students adds significant value to the existing body of literature in not only how we define and label disability but also how employability is interpreted, both from academic and industry perspectives. The observations and findings of such an approach also challenge the existing narrative embodied in many university graduate capability programs for a changing future of work landscape.
所有的成年人,无论是否患有神经发散性疾病,都应该有机会从事有意义和可持续的工作。然而,神经分化患者面临着一系列独特的障碍,这些障碍对于理解成功促进职业发展学习(CDL)策略至关重要,这些策略将使他们能够进入就业市场并取得成功。在本文中,我们将讨论一个基于社会建构主义和学生作为合作伙伴(SaP)原则的试点CDL计划,该计划旨在为神经分化的大学生提供必要的技能和信息,以建立有意义的职业和就业选择。通过我们的研究,研究结果强调了许多神经发散型学生对职业发展的焦虑,以及对建立自信的专业支持的需求。值得注意的是,该项目最具影响力的结果是,神经发散型学生能够从同龄人那里听到真实和相关的故事。通过神经多样性的视角讨论成功和障碍的机会是一个强大的机制,可以在其中建立一个学习环境和可持续的实践社区。为第三神经分化学生设计和开展“学生作为合作伙伴”驱动的CDL研讨会的经验,不仅在如何定义和标记残疾方面,而且在如何从学术和行业角度解释就业能力方面,都为现有的文献增添了重要价值。这种方法的观察和发现也挑战了许多大学毕业生能力计划中体现的现有叙述,以适应不断变化的未来工作环境。
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引用次数: 1
Autistic students as partners in the design of tailored employability provision 自闭症学生在量身定制的就业能力提供设计的合作伙伴
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21153/jtlge2023vol14no2art1793
Keren Coney
A recent study of the destinations of graduates found that of all disabled graduates, autistic individuals are least likely to be employed (AGCAS, 2022). These outcomes for autistic people in the UK are widely recognised in literature (Remington and Pellicano, 2019, Vincent, 2020,) and highlight the way in which these individuals are marginalised. This article outlines the participatory action research project conducted at a UK university over the past two years that explored how to provide effective careers and employability support for autistic students. Understanding that it would be important to involve individuals whom this employability support would seek to benefit, a careers practitioner recruited autistic volunteers to act as consultants. With the exception of the final analysis, these autistic student consultants were engaged in all stages of the project, from analysing an initial survey of all autistic students in the university, to co-designing the careers-related programme and evaluating the effectiveness of these activities. This participatory methodology not only provided the careers practitioner with a deeper appreciation of the lived experience of being autistic and real insights into what provision to include in the future, but was also perceived to have an emancipatory impact on some of participants involved, with signs of a ‘ripple effect’ within the university. This article concludes with recommendations for careers practitioners and researchers who are eager to bring about change at their own educational institutions, resulting in more positive employment outcomes for autistic individuals.
最近一项关于毕业生去向的研究发现,在所有残疾毕业生中,自闭症患者最不可能找到工作(AGCAS, 2022)。英国自闭症患者的这些结果在文献中得到了广泛认可(Remington和Pellicano, 2019, Vincent, 2020),并强调了这些人被边缘化的方式。这篇文章概述了过去两年在英国一所大学进行的参与式行动研究项目,该项目探索了如何为自闭症学生提供有效的职业和就业支持。认识到让个人参与到这项就业能力支持计划中是很重要的,一位职业从业者招募了自闭症志愿者作为顾问。除了最后的分析,这些自闭症学生顾问参与了项目的所有阶段,从分析对大学所有自闭症学生的初步调查,到共同设计与职业相关的计划,并评估这些活动的有效性。这种参与式方法不仅让职业实践者对自闭症患者的生活经历有了更深入的了解,并对未来的课程提供了真正的见解,而且还被认为对一些参与者产生了解放性的影响,在大学内部产生了“连锁反应”的迹象。这篇文章的最后为那些渴望在自己的教育机构中带来改变的职业从业者和研究人员提供了建议,从而为自闭症患者带来更积极的就业结果。
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引用次数: 1
Out of time: (Re)working disabled graduate employability 超时:(重新)工作的残疾毕业生的就业能力
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21153/jtlge2023vol14no2art1802
Shona Edwards, Alexandra Sudlow-Haylett
As interest in disability employment increases across the world following the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding the employability of disabled graduates becomes an imperative for governments, universities and employers alike. This article investigates employability through the lens of the lived experience of disabled graduates, with one author (Alexandra) serving as a case study. Alexandra’s experience in higher education has been defined by living in crip time, a unique disabled experience of time as non-linear. Alexandra’s story describes how surviving within institutions which operate on normative understandings of time as linear, chronological, and inextricably tied to productivity has caused harm to disabled students. Disabled students are made to feel as though they are ‘falling behind time,’ ‘wasting time,’ and ‘losing time,’ resulting in a struggle to ‘catch up time,’ which impacts upon their wellbeing, confidence, and their sense of self. This struggle disadvantages disabled students from spending time building their ‘employability skills’ throughout their degree. As disabled students complete their studies and seek graduate employment, they come into further contact with industry who further compound harm through placement experiences and the graduate hiring process by not accommodating for crip time. This case study poses conventional mentoring programmes as a site in which disabled students such as Alexandra face barriers to engagement. We argue for a co-designed model of accessible, non-hierarchical peer mentoring, where crip time is accommodated and supported. Such accessible mentoring may serve as an effective intervention and an opportunity for disabled students to develop essential employability skills.
在2019冠状病毒病大流行之后,世界各地对残疾人就业的兴趣日益浓厚,了解残疾毕业生的就业能力对政府、大学和雇主来说都是势在必行的。这篇文章通过残疾毕业生的生活经历来调查就业能力,并以一位作者(亚历山德拉)为案例研究。亚历山德拉的高等教育经历被定义为生活在瘸腿时间,一种独特的非线性时间残疾体验。亚历山德拉的故事描述了在一个对时间的规范理解是线性的、按时间顺序的、与生产力密不可分的机构中生存是如何对残疾学生造成伤害的。残疾学生被灌输“落后于时间”、“浪费时间”和“失去时间”的感觉,导致他们努力“赶上时间”,这影响了他们的健康、自信和自我意识。这种挣扎不利于残疾学生在整个学位期间花时间培养他们的“就业技能”。当残疾学生完成学业并寻求毕业后的工作时,他们会进一步接触到行业,这些行业通过就业经历和毕业生招聘过程,由于不适应残疾时间,进一步加剧了伤害。这个案例研究将传统的辅导项目作为一个网站,在这个网站上,像Alexandra这样的残疾学生面临着参与的障碍。我们主张共同设计一种可访问的、非分层的同伴指导模式,在这种模式下,crip时间被容纳和支持。这种无障碍的指导可以作为一种有效的干预,并为残疾学生提供发展基本就业技能的机会。
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引用次数: 1
VET career pathways for school students living with disability: Working with employers 残疾学生职业教育职业道路:与雇主合作
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21153/jtlge2023vol14no2art1797
Sarah Fischer, Sue Kilpatrick
Research has shown that employers and industry are key partners in work-based learning and can hinder or enhance access to vocational education training (VET). Our capabilities approach focus concerns increasing employer understanding of what is involved in engaging in the work-based component of school-based VET for students with disability. It seeks to identify enhancers and barriers to both employer and student participation in work-based learning in workplaces and strategies to address the barriers. Using a qualitative approach, this interpretive research aims to answer the following principal question: How can employers, students, teachers and other influencers of student education and career pathway choice work together to increase opportunities for successful participation of students with disability in the work-based component of school-based VET? Employers and staff at organisations that support/place school-based VET students with disabilities were interviewed and inductive content analysis was used to code interview transcripts. Findings indicate that while communication and relationships are key factors in ensuring successful work-based learning placements, lack of understanding related to the spectrum of disability can be a barrier. Interview participants also identified workplace and policy barriers. Addressing the implications of our research findings will assist in increasing the willingness of employers to engage in work-based learning for school VET students with disability. This shift in practise has the potential to develop the workforce of the region and create greater breadth of opportunities for work-based learning in the community for school VET students with disability, leading to improved employment outcomes for people with disability.
研究表明,雇主和行业是基于工作的学习的关键合作伙伴,可以阻碍或增加获得职业教育培训(VET)的机会。我们的能力方法关注的重点是提高雇主对以学校为基础的残疾学生职业教育培训中以工作为基础的部分的理解。它旨在确定雇主和学生参与工作场所工作学习的促进因素和障碍,以及解决这些障碍的战略。本解释性研究采用定性方法,旨在回答以下主要问题:雇主、学生、教师和其他影响学生教育和职业道路选择的因素如何共同努力,以增加残疾学生成功参与校本职业教育培训的工作部分的机会?对支持/安置在校残疾职业教育培训学生的组织的雇主和员工进行了访谈,并使用归纳内容分析对访谈记录进行编码。研究结果表明,虽然沟通和关系是确保成功的基于工作的学习安排的关键因素,但缺乏对残疾谱系的理解可能是一个障碍。受访者还指出了工作场所和政策方面的障碍。解决我们研究结果的影响将有助于提高雇主参与残疾学校职业技术培训学生的工作学习意愿。这种实践上的转变有可能发展该地区的劳动力,并为学校的残疾职业教育专业学生在社区中创造更广泛的以工作为基础的学习机会,从而改善残疾人的就业结果。
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引用次数: 1
Equity and employability: A study into the challenges faced by healthcare learners with a disability and/or learners pursuing part-time work 公平和就业能力:对残疾医疗保健学习者和/或从事兼职工作的学习者所面临的挑战的研究
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21153/jtlge2023vol14no2art1791
Lisa Taylor, Charmaine Chandler, Stephanie Jong
An increasing amount of evidence suggests that learners within Higher Education (HE), and graduates, are struggling with their transition into the workplace. With the increased prominence of workplace learning requirements, these challenges are becoming more evident for learners during HE studies. This study aimed to identify the challenges faced by learners and graduates transitioning into the healthcare workforce, and the challenges experienced by key groups such as healthcare employers and other influencers within HE. The key focus was on disability, part-time work and transitions into the workplace. Thirty-two individuals participated in an online survey focused on equity and employability. Questions were both quantitative and qualitative in nature. Participants were learners, graduates, academics, career advisory staff, and employers. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data identified eight themes. Challenges identified by participants included work-life balance, stigma and stereotypes, organisational and individual empowerment, navigating additional administrations tasks, information and signposting, consistency in language and messaging, advocacy, and exemplars for guidance. The study highlights the responsibilities of all involved with HE provision, and the importance of collaboration with employers to inform, educate and advocate for all learners to maximize employability opportunities and enhance transitions into employment. Policy and practice in this area should quality assure the robustness of the support, aiming to meet individual needs, including education to empower and facilitate individual agency, as well as reviewing the visibility and accessibility of resources.
越来越多的证据表明,高等教育(HE)的学习者和毕业生正在努力适应职场的过渡。随着工作场所学习要求的日益突出,这些挑战对高等教育学习者来说变得越来越明显。本研究旨在确定学习者和毕业生过渡到医疗保健劳动力所面临的挑战,以及医疗保健雇主和其他影响者等关键群体所面临的挑战。重点是残疾、兼职工作和向工作场所过渡。32个人参与了一项关于公平和就业能力的在线调查。这些问题既有数量上的,也有质量上的。参与者包括学习者、毕业生、学者、职业咨询人员和雇主。专题分析定性数据确定了八个主题。参与者指出的挑战包括工作与生活的平衡、污名和刻板印象、组织和个人赋权、应对额外的管理任务、信息和路标、语言和信息的一致性、宣传和指导榜样。该研究强调了所有参与高等教育的人的责任,以及与雇主合作的重要性,以告知、教育和倡导所有学习者最大限度地提高就业机会,并加强向就业的过渡。这一领域的政策和做法应保证提供强有力的支助,旨在满足个别需要,包括教育以赋予个别机构权力和便利,以及审查资源的可见性和可得性。
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引用次数: 1
Global vs local careers taxonomy for graduate employability: Through the lens of students’ typology and destination 全球与本地毕业生就业能力的职业分类:通过学生类型和目的地的视角
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.21153/jtlge2023vol14no1art1744
Marina Ishakova, S. Kosheleva
Career studies literature suggests that careers become more boundaryless and more global. Students, the agents of the choice of career, are not a homogeneous cohort anymore. We add to the discussion the students’ typology proposition for the career choice to further develop the graduate employability discourse. We make the first attempt to develop a student global vs local career taxonomy to contribute into understanding of graduate employability and career decision making. Our contribution offers a two-dimensional taxonomy, with one dimension being a type of student and another dimension being a career destination. The conceptual taxonomy is empirically tested with data from more than 400 business and economics students. We show that a global career choice would prevail above a local career choice for each of the student types. Our findings contribute into deeper understanding of career decision making and broadens our comprehension of the variety of global vs local careers for graduate employability. The study develops the future research agenda for career development researchers and multinational corporations’ (MNC) practitioners and practical agenda for teaching and learning in universities.
职业研究文献表明,职业变得更加无边界,更加全球化。学生,职业选择的代理人,不再是一个同质的群体。我们在讨论中加入了学生职业选择的类型命题,以进一步发展毕业生的就业能力话语。我们首次尝试开发学生全球与本地职业分类法,以帮助理解毕业生的就业能力和职业决策。我们的贡献提供了一个二维的分类法,一个维度是学生的类型,另一个维度则是职业目的地。概念分类法是用来自400多名商科和经济学学生的数据进行实证测试的。我们表明,对于每种学生类型,全球职业选择都会高于本地职业选择。我们的研究结果有助于加深对职业决策的理解,并拓宽我们对毕业生就业能力的全球和本地职业多样性的理解。该研究为职业发展研究人员和跨国公司从业者制定了未来的研究议程,并为大学的教学制定了实践议程。
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引用次数: 0
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