Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.1080/03621537.2021.2011041
Cholena Mountain
Abstract This article describes the process of reparenting using transactional analysis. The author explores the controversial history of reparenting as practiced by Jacqui Schiff, beginning in 1965 when she and her husband began taking young people with schizophrenia into their home. Schiff experienced these youngsters as “childlike” and in desperate need of looking after. She was aware that she engaged in practices that might outrage conventional psychotherapists, and when confronted by her colleagues, she moved location several times in order to carry on her work. The article tracks critics of Schiff and the Cathexis model, including some who consider reparenting to be brainwashing and Cathexis to be a cult. The author and several members of the TA community share their personal experience of reparenting and/or training with Schiff.
{"title":"Schiffian Reparenting: A Critical Evaluation","authors":"Cholena Mountain","doi":"10.1080/03621537.2021.2011041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03621537.2021.2011041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article describes the process of reparenting using transactional analysis. The author explores the controversial history of reparenting as practiced by Jacqui Schiff, beginning in 1965 when she and her husband began taking young people with schizophrenia into their home. Schiff experienced these youngsters as “childlike” and in desperate need of looking after. She was aware that she engaged in practices that might outrage conventional psychotherapists, and when confronted by her colleagues, she moved location several times in order to carry on her work. The article tracks critics of Schiff and the Cathexis model, including some who consider reparenting to be brainwashing and Cathexis to be a cult. The author and several members of the TA community share their personal experience of reparenting and/or training with Schiff.","PeriodicalId":37049,"journal":{"name":"Transactional Analysis Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"74 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45483499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.1080/03621537.2021.2011033
John R. McNeel
Abstract This article chronicles the experiences of one witness involved in the hearings conducted by the ITAA Board of Trustees in response to ethics charges brought against Jacqui Schiff in the mid-1970s. It describes her refusal to accept that the charges had any relevance and her belief that the matter was a groundless political vendetta. Going to extreme measures, the board, and then ITAA President Ruth McClendon, in particular, made every attempt to hold fair hearings. In the end, Schiff was found culpable of ethics violations. She refused to admit the validity of the board’s findings and also the conditions they set out for her remaining a member of the ITAA. As a result, she terminated her membership by default.
{"title":"Memories of a Young Man: A Witness to the Hearings About Jacqui Schiff","authors":"John R. McNeel","doi":"10.1080/03621537.2021.2011033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03621537.2021.2011033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article chronicles the experiences of one witness involved in the hearings conducted by the ITAA Board of Trustees in response to ethics charges brought against Jacqui Schiff in the mid-1970s. It describes her refusal to accept that the charges had any relevance and her belief that the matter was a groundless political vendetta. Going to extreme measures, the board, and then ITAA President Ruth McClendon, in particular, made every attempt to hold fair hearings. In the end, Schiff was found culpable of ethics violations. She refused to admit the validity of the board’s findings and also the conditions they set out for her remaining a member of the ITAA. As a result, she terminated her membership by default.","PeriodicalId":37049,"journal":{"name":"Transactional Analysis Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"31 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44998845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.1080/03621537.2021.2011037
Nicoleta Gheorghe, Marina Brunke, D. Deaconu, Alexandra-Marina Gheorghe, Lucia Ionas
Abstract Although violent outbursts were common among residential patients undergoing Schiffian reparenting, reflection on their meaning was not integrated into reparenting theory. This article looks at how reparenting theory approached destructiveness and then explores other contributions from transactional analysis theory and beyond. Drawing from this analysis, the authors share their own reflections on what they see as blind spots in the Schiffian approach with a focus on destructiveness. They also look at how these dynamics may be found in daily practice. A case illustration highlights how destructiveness may be acknowledged and worked through in the psychotherapy office. As an emerging alternative, the authors introduce the concept of therapeutic stance.
{"title":"A Therapeutic Stance Addressing Destructiveness: What We Can Learn From Looking Back at the Experience with Schiffian Reparenting","authors":"Nicoleta Gheorghe, Marina Brunke, D. Deaconu, Alexandra-Marina Gheorghe, Lucia Ionas","doi":"10.1080/03621537.2021.2011037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03621537.2021.2011037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although violent outbursts were common among residential patients undergoing Schiffian reparenting, reflection on their meaning was not integrated into reparenting theory. This article looks at how reparenting theory approached destructiveness and then explores other contributions from transactional analysis theory and beyond. Drawing from this analysis, the authors share their own reflections on what they see as blind spots in the Schiffian approach with a focus on destructiveness. They also look at how these dynamics may be found in daily practice. A case illustration highlights how destructiveness may be acknowledged and worked through in the psychotherapy office. As an emerging alternative, the authors introduce the concept of therapeutic stance.","PeriodicalId":37049,"journal":{"name":"Transactional Analysis Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"59 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48095955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.1080/03621537.2021.2011025
N. Michel Landaiche
Abstract Berne’s structural analysis of the personality’s ego states laid the groundwork for the conception of schizophrenia developed by the Schiffs and for their subsequent treatment approach through reparenting. For many years, the transactional analysis (TA) community has grappled with this arguably important aspiration to address the more severe psychological and behavioral symptoms in patients and clients as well as with the concerning ethical dilemmas that also emerged as a result of the practice of reparenting. This article outlines that community contention and struggle as reflected in the early TA literature over the course of 15 years (1961–1975). Yet much research and thinking remain to be done.
{"title":"Schiffian Reparenting: 15 Years in the Early TA Literature (1961–1975)","authors":"N. Michel Landaiche","doi":"10.1080/03621537.2021.2011025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03621537.2021.2011025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Berne’s structural analysis of the personality’s ego states laid the groundwork for the conception of schizophrenia developed by the Schiffs and for their subsequent treatment approach through reparenting. For many years, the transactional analysis (TA) community has grappled with this arguably important aspiration to address the more severe psychological and behavioral symptoms in patients and clients as well as with the concerning ethical dilemmas that also emerged as a result of the practice of reparenting. This article outlines that community contention and struggle as reflected in the early TA literature over the course of 15 years (1961–1975). Yet much research and thinking remain to be done.","PeriodicalId":37049,"journal":{"name":"Transactional Analysis Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"8 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46104707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-28DOI: 10.1080/03621537.2021.2011031
N. Michel Landaiche
Abstract While researching the history of Schiffian reparenting, the author came across far more references in the TA literature than could be sufficiently examined in the context of his 2022 article. Here, these additional and subsequent resources are offered to future researchers interested in a range of related topics on the history of transactional analysis, for example, regressive therapies, reparenting, discounting, treatment of schizophrenia, energy metaphors, the Parent ego state, and ethics in professional practice.
{"title":"Transactional Analysis Literature on Schiffian Reparenting (1975-2022): Future Explorations","authors":"N. Michel Landaiche","doi":"10.1080/03621537.2021.2011031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03621537.2021.2011031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract While researching the history of Schiffian reparenting, the author came across far more references in the TA literature than could be sufficiently examined in the context of his 2022 article. Here, these additional and subsequent resources are offered to future researchers interested in a range of related topics on the history of transactional analysis, for example, regressive therapies, reparenting, discounting, treatment of schizophrenia, energy metaphors, the Parent ego state, and ethics in professional practice.","PeriodicalId":37049,"journal":{"name":"Transactional Analysis Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"24 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46703717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03621537.2021.1974211
Susanna Ligabue, P. Tenconi
Abstract Anxiety occurs in both the body and the mind, with explicit aspects (e.g., reported symptoms and emotions) and implicit aspects (e.g., thoughts, prejudices, and internalized traumatic experiences) that are unexplored even by the anxious individual. During the diagnosis and treatment process, the goal is to build bridges between these aspects, give new meanings to them, and foster the growth of individuals trapped in their symptoms. The body, which was previously anxious, unpredictable, and insecure, gradually becomes a source of needs, desires, and resources that can be understood and addressed. Transactional analysis (especially the concepts of ego states and script) can be a guide to interpreting the transformation of internalized relationships that reverberate in the therapeutic relationship. The clinical dialogue is a space in which the body, once deadened by symptoms, can rediscover its potential. Some clinical examples accompany theoretical reflections.
{"title":"The Experience of Anxiety in Body and Mind: A Transactional Analysis Perspective","authors":"Susanna Ligabue, P. Tenconi","doi":"10.1080/03621537.2021.1974211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03621537.2021.1974211","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Anxiety occurs in both the body and the mind, with explicit aspects (e.g., reported symptoms and emotions) and implicit aspects (e.g., thoughts, prejudices, and internalized traumatic experiences) that are unexplored even by the anxious individual. During the diagnosis and treatment process, the goal is to build bridges between these aspects, give new meanings to them, and foster the growth of individuals trapped in their symptoms. The body, which was previously anxious, unpredictable, and insecure, gradually becomes a source of needs, desires, and resources that can be understood and addressed. Transactional analysis (especially the concepts of ego states and script) can be a guide to interpreting the transformation of internalized relationships that reverberate in the therapeutic relationship. The clinical dialogue is a space in which the body, once deadened by symptoms, can rediscover its potential. Some clinical examples accompany theoretical reflections.","PeriodicalId":37049,"journal":{"name":"Transactional Analysis Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"335 - 350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48802243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03621537.2021.1980668
Beren Aldridge
{"title":"Claude Steiner, Emotional Activist: The Life and Work of Claude Michel Steiner","authors":"Beren Aldridge","doi":"10.1080/03621537.2021.1980668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03621537.2021.1980668","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37049,"journal":{"name":"Transactional Analysis Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"382 - 384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43216989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03621537.2021.1975080
Aruna Gopakumar
Abstract This article introduces Story Options, a technique for collaborative meaning making from client stories whereby a client’s story is imaginatively retold by members of a group. The article invites reflection on how scripts are constructions in the present that are accessible through the stories that clients share and provides a rationale for how working with client stories can alter scripts. The author describes the method along with a brief description of the psychodramatic techniques from which it draws. A case study illustrates the process. The role of play and permissions in creating positive therapeutic outcomes is explored.
{"title":"Story Options: A Technique for Transforming Narrative Through Playful Emotional Exploration","authors":"Aruna Gopakumar","doi":"10.1080/03621537.2021.1975080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03621537.2021.1975080","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article introduces Story Options, a technique for collaborative meaning making from client stories whereby a client’s story is imaginatively retold by members of a group. The article invites reflection on how scripts are constructions in the present that are accessible through the stories that clients share and provides a rationale for how working with client stories can alter scripts. The author describes the method along with a brief description of the psychodramatic techniques from which it draws. A case study illustrates the process. The role of play and permissions in creating positive therapeutic outcomes is explored.","PeriodicalId":37049,"journal":{"name":"Transactional Analysis Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"364 - 378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59446468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/03621537.2021.1979830
L. P. Campos
Abstract This article presents an innovative view of aging and some consequences of solely using the culturally scripted norm of chronological age or calendar age (CA) for measuring age identity. The author distinguishes CA from a more individualized age (IA) that is often unaccounted for in studies of aging and that provides for some degree of age autonomy. He briefly reviews three main ways of measuring age identity and some of their consequences: (1) The cultural norm does not account for age autonomy or the diversity of individualized aging in people with the same CA level, (2) it disallows persons from taking ownership of their IA, and (3) it can contribute to the negative effects of agism. The article concludes with a call for a social movement referred to as “Old Lives Matter,” and the author maintains that the culturally scripted age norm should be adjusted for one’s level of age autonomy. This would result in more socially just decision making and a more positive, holistic approach to dealing with the aging population.
{"title":"Cultural Scripting of Age Identity and Its Consequences","authors":"L. P. Campos","doi":"10.1080/03621537.2021.1979830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03621537.2021.1979830","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article presents an innovative view of aging and some consequences of solely using the culturally scripted norm of chronological age or calendar age (CA) for measuring age identity. The author distinguishes CA from a more individualized age (IA) that is often unaccounted for in studies of aging and that provides for some degree of age autonomy. He briefly reviews three main ways of measuring age identity and some of their consequences: (1) The cultural norm does not account for age autonomy or the diversity of individualized aging in people with the same CA level, (2) it disallows persons from taking ownership of their IA, and (3) it can contribute to the negative effects of agism. The article concludes with a call for a social movement referred to as “Old Lives Matter,” and the author maintains that the culturally scripted age norm should be adjusted for one’s level of age autonomy. This would result in more socially just decision making and a more positive, holistic approach to dealing with the aging population.","PeriodicalId":37049,"journal":{"name":"Transactional Analysis Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":"351 - 363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59446479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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