Ukrainian Antarctic Journal最新文献

{"title":"Bioactive substances of Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) Bartl. from the Darboux and Lagotellerie Islands, western coast of Antarctic Peninsula","authors":"R. Ivannikov, V. Anishchenko, O. Poronnik, G. Myryuta, N. Miryuta, O. Boyko, L. Hrytsak, I. Parnikoza","doi":"10.33275/1727-7485.1.2023.710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.1.2023.710","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370867,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Antarctic Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124435891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability of the oceanographic structures of the Southern Ocean by the FerryBox data","authors":"V. Komorin, Y. Dikhanov, V. Bolshakov, Y. Popov, L. Matsokin","doi":"10.33275/1727-7485.1.2022.688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.1.2022.688","url":null,"abstract":"During Antarctic summers in the 2018—2021 period, physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the upper layer of seawater were continuously recorded using the FerryBox (FB) software and measuring system installed on-board the Ukrainian krill fishing trawler F/V More Sodruzhestva. The main hydrological fronts of the South Atlantic and the Southern Ocean were crossed from Cape Town to the Antarctic Peninsula. About 800,000 one-minute FB measurements were used in this research to determine and identify marine structures. The paper aims to estimate the spatial-temporal variability of oceanographic parameters of the surface layer of water in the Southern Ocean based on the FB data analysis. We use classical methods of analysis of hydrological structures, graphical, comparative, and statistical types of analysis of the field data, as well as data from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS). Trawling areas were considered as hydrological landfills. We found a decrease in the total number of front crosses: from 8.6% in the 2018—2019 season to 3.9% in the 2020—2021 season. Analysis of the quality of information obtained from the FB showed that after adjustment the measurements allow solving various oceanographic problems, such as identifying frontal zones and detailing their hydrological structure, determining surface water masses and variability of their distribution limits, highlighting significant cycles in time of the measured parameters, studying the gas component of the upper sea layer water. A comparative analysis of the results of the FB observations with the CMEMS data showed their qualitative consistency.","PeriodicalId":370867,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Antarctic Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117023530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lagrangian pathways under the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf and in the Weddell Sea","authors":"V. Maderich, R. Bezhenar, I. Brovchenko, A. Bezhenar, F. Boeira Dias, P. Uotila","doi":"10.33275/1727-7485.2.2022.700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.2.2022.700","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370867,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Antarctic Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115793528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy content of sublittoral biologically-relevant resources in the East Antarctic seas","authors":"Y. Giginyak, D. Lukashanets, O. Borodin, V. Miamin, V. Baichorov, Scientific, Minsk Belarus Academicheskaya Str.","doi":"10.33275/1727-7485.2(19).2019.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.2(19).2019.156","url":null,"abstract":"Objective.To determine the energy value of several groups of the East Antarctic sea biota and identify potential calorific differences in the context of both taxa and ecological groups. Methodology. Sampling was carried out by traditional methods (benthic traps, diving gathering), and remote sampling was also applied (using remote-controlled underwater vehicles). The energy value of organisms is determined using wet burning methods. Results. The energy indicators of the main biological objects of the sublittoral of the three seas at the East Antarctica were determined for the first time. It has been shown that in the studied sublittoral regions of the Cosmonauts, Cooperation (more Sodruzhestva) and Davis seas, the dominant species of marine zoobenthos was the sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri (Meissner, 1900). The caloric values of starfish, polychaetes, nemerteans, sponges, ascidia, holothurians, crustaceans, and some other taxa of marine biota were determined. It is shown that the content of organic matter in Antarctic species varies from 12—94%, and caloric content — from 0.7—7.3% cal / mg dry matter, with the maximum values registered for amphipods and calanoids. The energy equivalents of marine zoobenthos per unit of bottom square have been calculated. The ratio equation of the caloric content of the substance of the studied object to the ash content is calculated. Conclusions. In general, we can conclude that the caloric values of marine zoobenthos in all three studied seas are close to each other. Furthermore, the caloric content of individual representatives of marine fauna varies significantly and, in general, depends on the quantity and quality of organic matter in certain species as well as on the season of year. The low-calo ric representatives of the Antarctic flora and fauna correspond to the high substance ash levels of their body. Depending on the energy value significance, several groups of marine biota were represented, represented by various taxa.","PeriodicalId":370867,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Antarctic Journal","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116046985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability of Weddell Sea ionospheric anomaly as deduced from observations at the Akademik Vernadsky station","authors":"A. Zalizovski, I. Stanislawska, V. Lisachenko, O. Charkina","doi":"10.33275/1727-7485.1.2021.666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.1.2021.666","url":null,"abstract":"Ionospheric Weddell Sea anomaly is an inversion of diurnal variation of the electron density in the ionosphere over Antarctic Peninsula, Weddell Sea, and neighbor territories observed during Antarctic summer. This paper aims at analyzing the reaction of the ionosphere during the Weddell Sea anomaly to changes in solar and geomagnetic activity as deduced from the data of vertical sounding of the ionosphere conducted at the Akademik Vernadsky station. The aim is achieved by comparing the monthly median values of the critical frequencies of the ionosphere (foF2) during Weddell Sea anomaly for the years of high and low solar activity; as well as by comparison of median December height-time diagrams (HT-diagrams) of foF2 calculated separately for the time intervals characterized by low or high levels of F10.7 and K indices for the period from 2007 till 2016. It was experimentally demonstrated that the Weddell Sea anomaly depends on the levels of solar ultraviolet flux and local K indices. The biggest nighttime maximum of ionization corresponds to low K indices and high values of F10.7. The most accurate inversion of diurnal variation of electron density in the F region is observed under the low values of K index and low F10.7 flux. The growth of geomagnetic activity decreases the nighttime ionization under both low and high levels of F10.7 fluxes and leads to a blur of the night maximum. Visible virtual heights of maximums increase together with F10.7 independently of the K index level. Blurring of the night maximum can be explained by destruction of the field of thermospheric winds supporting the nighttime anomaly, and/or by increasing role of plasma drifts in comparison with wind impact. The growth of visible virtual height of the nighttime maximum with increasing solar F10.7 flux could be explained by the gain of equatorward thermospheric wind with increasing solar ultraviolet flux that leads to growth of plasma upwelling effect. The Doppler frequency shift of the signals reflected from the ionosphere during nighttime in presence of the Weddell Sea anomaly is close to zero which could be explained by a stable F2 layer formed as a result of dynamic equilibrium between photochemical processes and upward plasma transport.","PeriodicalId":370867,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Antarctic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122746053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precipitation phase transition in austral summer over the Antarctic Peninsula","authors":"A. Chyhareva, I. Gorodetskaya, S. Krakovska, D. Pishniak, P. Rowe","doi":"10.33275/1727-7485.1.2021.664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.1.2021.664","url":null,"abstract":"Investigating precipitation phase transitions is crucial for improving our understanding of precipitation formation processes and impacts, particularly in Polar Regions. This study uses observational data and numerical modelling to investigate precipitation phase transitions in the western and northern Antarctic Peninsula (AP) during austral summer. The analysis is based on the ERA5 reanalysis product, dynamically downscaled using the Polar-WRF (Polar Weather Research and Forecasting) model, evaluated using regular meteorological observations and additional measurements made during the Year of Polar Prediction special observing period. We analyse three cases of extra-tropical cyclones bringing precipitation with phase transitions, observed at the Chilean station Professor Julio Escudero (King George Island, north of the AP) and the Ukrainian Antarctic Akademik Vernadsky station (western side of the AP) during the first week of December 2018. We use observed and modelled near-surface air temperature and pressure, precipitation amount and type, and vertical temperature profiles. Our results show that precipitation type (snow or rain) is well-represented by ERA5 and Polar-WRF, but both overestimate the total amount of precipitation. The ERA5 daily variability and vertical air temperature profile are close to the observed, while Polar-WRF underestimates temperature in the lower troposphere. However, ERA5 underestimates the temperature inversion, which is present during the atmospheric river event, while Polar-WRF represents that inversion well. The average weekly temperature, simulated with Polar-WRF, is lower compared to ERA5. The Polar-WRF fraction of snow in the total precipitation amount is higher than for ERA5; nevertheless, Polar-WRF represents the precipitation phase transition better than ERA5 during the event, associated with an atmospheric river. These case studies demonstrated a relationship between specific synoptic conditions and precipitation phase transitions at the AP, evaluated the ability of the state-of-the-art reanalysis and regional climate model to represent these events, and demonstrated the added value of combined analysis of observations from the western and northern AP, particularly for characterizing precipitation during synoptic events affecting the entire AP.","PeriodicalId":370867,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Antarctic Journal","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133715588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiomes of Antarctic pearlwort (Colobanthus quitensis) of the maritime Antarctic: distinct diversity and core microbes in rhizosphere and endosphere compartments of the plant","authors":"A. Yerkhova, I. Parnikoza, M. Pavlovska, H. Yevchun, Y. Prekrasna-Kviatkovska","doi":"10.33275/1727-7485.2.2022.701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.2.2022.701","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370867,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Antarctic Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132239500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune factors and health of Antarctic explorers","authors":"D. Zabara, І. Kozeretska, I. Deineko, Yadviga Anoshko, N. Shapovalenko, L. Stamboli, B. Dons’koi","doi":"10.33275/1727-7485.2.2021.680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.2.2021.680","url":null,"abstract":"The immune system plays a major role in human homeostasis, yet a body’s unique individuality complicates the diagnostic forecasting of unfavourable physiological states and diseases. Studying the immunophenotypic features of winterers of the Ukrainian Antarctic Expeditions before, during, and after their assignments might shed some light on the possible place of immune accentuations in the development of certain physiological states. To determine the natural-killer (NK) cytotoxicity and the immunophenotype in 52 applicants who wanted to take part in an expedition and nine participants who had come back, we used flow cytofluorometry. Blood serum samples taken before, during, and after the expeditions were also tested for hormones, anti-infective, anti-parasitic, and autoimmune antibodies. The high absolute and relative numbers of NK lymphocytes, high NK cytotoxicity, and high expression of HLA-DR on the CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes were correlated with a person’s unfavorable health status during the expedition. In Antarctica, cortisol levels sharply increased, yet they normalized upon return. In most winterers, there were no significant health complications during the expeditions. Neither reactivated nor primary viral infections were registered, as well as clinical autoimmune ones. Upon return, the winterers had significantly lower leukocytes and lymphocytes and increased expression of activation markers (HLA-DR) on the T-cells. The found risk factors can characterize the polar researchers’ immunophenotypes yet require validation on larger samples. The expedition environment causes increased stress, entailing, however, neither clinical manifestations nor elements of immunosuppression. The polar researchers bear the consequences of the prolonged stress that inhibit leucopoiesis as late as six months after their return, which should be considered while reviewing applications for the next season.","PeriodicalId":370867,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Antarctic Journal","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116307923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of wolfram, copper, cobalt and gold mineralization in the area of the Argentine Islands (West Antarctica)","authors":"G. Artemenko, V. I. Ganotzkiy, L. Kanunikova, E. Grechanovskaya, А. А. Taraschan","doi":"10.33275/1727-7485.2(19).2019.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.2(19).2019.147","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The objective of our research was to search for manifestations of ore mineralization on the Roca and Cruls islands in the Argentine Islands, West Antarctica. Methods. Samples of rocks with the manifestation of ore mineralization were taken in the field routes. Silicate analysis of the rocks was carried out using the wet chemistry method in M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IGMOF of NAS of Ukraine). The X-ray diffraction analysis of samples was carried out using a DRON-2 diffractometer, with copper radiation (СuКα = 1.54178A). The samples were surveyed in the 4—65° 2θ interval of angles, with a scan step of 0.1 degr. / min. For mineral diagnostics, the catalog of reference samples of the PDF-2 database (International Diffraction Data Center, ICDD) 2003. The chemical composition of minerals was examined using a JXA-733 X-ray microanalyzer (Jeol, Japan) using wave and energy-dispersion spectrometers. Contents of trace elements in the rocks were determined using the ICP-MS and quantitative spectral analysis methods. The validity of analyses was checked by means of determination of international and Russian reference samples GSP-2, VM, SGD-1А, ST-1.Concentration measuring errors were 3 to 5 wt. % for most elements. The quantitative spectrum analysis was carried out in IGMOF of NAS of Ukraine. Petrographic studies of rock sections were carried out using a MIN-8 polarized-light microscope. Results. Wolfram, copper, zinc, and lead were found in the minor intrusion of lamprophyres in the Andes complex granodiorites, on a small island of the Roca Islands. This semi-ring-shaped minor intrusion up to 0.5 m thick rooted in the not yet crystallized granodiorite intrusion. The dip angle of the minor intrusion is about 70°. It showed tungsten (28.7 g/t), copper (445 g/t), zinc (207 g/t), and lead (123 g/t) mineralization. In the eastern part of one of the Cruls Islands, a steep (dip azimuth NW 345°, angle 82°) tectonic zone up to 10 m wide was studied. Three metasomatic belts, one of which is up to 0.5 m thick, are associated with this zone. Metasomatites include pyrite-plagioclase rocks, epidosites and pyrite-epidote rocks, which have been formed due to hydrothermal and metasomatic changes of granodioritic tectonic breccia. The occurrence of cobalt (800 g/t), copper (200 g/t) and gold (up to 0.3 g/t) has beendiscovered. In these metasomatites, magnetite, pyrite, copper pyrite and pyrrhotite are available. Cobalt is present as magnetitic and pyritic impurities. Conclusions. During geological surveys in 2010 and 2012 the mineralization of wolfram, copper, lead, cobalt and gold was first discovered. The ore mineralization of such genesis was previously unknown in this area. The data obtained allow clarifying of perspectives of exploration activities in West Antarctica.","PeriodicalId":370867,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Antarctic Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121904780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The data processing and analysis methods for stratospheric ozone and planetary wave study","authors":"Y. Shi, O. Evtushevsky, G. Milinevsky, A. Grytsai, A. Klekociuk, O. Ivaniha, Yulia Andrienko","doi":"10.33275/1727-7485.2.2022.698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.2.2022.698","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":370867,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Antarctic Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130289431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}