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2016 7th International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (ICMAE)最新文献

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3D peak based long range rover localization 基于3D峰值的远程漫游车定位
Pub Date : 2016-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/ICMAE.2016.7549610
Li Wei, Sukhan Lee
The dead-reckoning techniques such as visual and wheel odometry for Rover localization is proved to be effective on short to medium-range traverses. However the accumulated error would lead to a degraded performance in a long range travel. In this paper, a global localization algorithm is proposed to deal with the long-range rover localization in lunar/planetary environment. This algorithm is designed to localize a rover by matching 3D peak features extracted from rover imagery with their correspondences extracted from simulated imagery based on digital elevation map. We present a method to represent peak's 3D shape by a multivariate distribution, and match it with other peaks using hotelling's t-square test. After matching, Bayesian network is applied to estimate the position of the rover using matched corresponding peaks. Devon island dataset is used for testing and evaluating the proposed method, as well as comparing it with VIPER. Test results show that proposed method provides an accurate localization in an absolute frame of reference, and achieves a better result than VIPER system.
航迹推算技术,如视觉和车轮里程计定位火星车被证明是有效的中短程穿越。然而,在长距离飞行中,累积误差会导致性能下降。针对月球车在月/行星环境下的远程定位问题,提出了一种全局定位算法。该算法基于数字高程图,将从漫游者图像中提取的三维峰值特征与模拟图像中提取的对应特征进行匹配,实现漫游者的局部定位。我们提出了一种用多元分布来表示峰的三维形状的方法,并使用霍特林的t方检验将其与其他峰进行匹配。匹配后,应用贝叶斯网络利用匹配的对应峰估计漫游车的位置。德文岛数据集用于测试和评估所提出的方法,并与VIPER进行比较。实验结果表明,该方法在绝对参照系下实现了精确定位,取得了比VIPER系统更好的定位效果。
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引用次数: 4
Dynamic analysis of vibration casting equipment 振动铸造设备的动力学分析
Pub Date : 2016-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/ICMAE.2016.7549529
Fu Xiao-yan, Dong Yan, Xudong Jiang, Li Xi-wen
In the casting process of thermosetting explosives, mixing slurry usually appears particulate matter stack and substances uneven contact, which may result in porosity and shrinkage defects in the products. To solve this problem, vibratory technique was introduced to the casting equipment. Based on mechanical vibration theory, the motion characteristics of the vibration casting equipment in single degree freedom vibration were obtained. Through ADAMS software, the equipment's motion characteristics were simulated and analyzed. Additionally vibration displacement amplitudes in vertical direction of the vibrating object (including vertical vibration, tilt vibration and rocking vibration) under conditions of vibration state at different exciting force's frequencies and amplitudes have been acquired, which were very close to theoretical results of the single degree freedom force at different frequencies and amplitudes.
在热固性炸药的浇注过程中,混合料浆通常会出现颗粒物质堆积,物质接触不均匀,从而导致产品出现气孔和收缩缺陷。为了解决这一问题,在铸造设备中引入了振动技术。基于机械振动理论,得到了振动铸造设备在单自由度振动下的运动特性。通过ADAMS软件对设备的运动特性进行了仿真分析。此外,还得到了不同激振力频率和幅值下振动状态下振动物体在垂直方向上的振动位移幅值(包括垂直振动、倾斜振动和摇摆振动),与不同频率和幅值下的单自由度力理论结果非常接近。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental study on internal flowfield characteristics and start-unstart behaviour in a two-dimensional variable geometry inlet 二维变几何进气道内流场特性及启停特性试验研究
Pub Date : 2016-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/ICMAE.2016.7549585
A. Ramprakash, T. Muruganandam
The present paper experimentally investigates the flow field characteristics, starting and a unstarting process of a high-speed air inlet, when the cowl is opened from the fully closed condition at three different cowl rotation rates. High-Speed schlieren image synchronized with the pressure data is used to better understand the changes in internal flow behavior of the inlet. By employing a simple variable geometry inlet, inlet starting is realized even at low free stream Mach number by movement of separation bubble inside the inlet and attachment of cowl lip shock in the cowl lip. Separation bubble formed at the cowl hinge junction and in the expansion corner majorly alters the internal shock structure. As cowl moves further up the separation bubble at the cowl hinge location grows leading to aerodynamic blockage and resulting in inlet unstart. For the present inlet model, unstart is detected earlier by two pressure ports, one located in the throat and another in the middle of the isolator compared to other ports and hence helps in preventing inlet to unstart by sending signals to the feedback system.
本文实验研究了在三种不同的罩面转速下,从全封闭状态打开高速进气道时的流场特性、启动和停止过程。利用与压力数据同步的高速纹影图像,更好地了解进气道内部流动特性的变化。采用简单的变几何形状进气道,通过进气道内分离泡的运动和罩唇激波在罩唇上的附着,实现了在低自由马赫数条件下的进气道启动。在整流罩铰链连接处和膨胀角处形成的分离泡主要改变了内部激波结构。随着整流罩进一步向上移动,整流罩铰链处的分离泡增大,导致气动阻塞,导致进气道无法启动。对于目前的进气道模型,与其他端口相比,两个压力端口更早地检测到unstart,一个位于喉部,另一个位于隔离器中间,因此通过向反馈系统发送信号有助于防止进气道unstart。
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引用次数: 0
The prevention of aircraft tires overheating by pre-rotating the wheels 通过预旋转轮子来防止飞机轮胎过热
Pub Date : 2016-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/ICMAE.2016.7549581
Abdurrhman A. Alroqi, Weiji Wang
Pre-spinning the wheel is the proposed solution to the elimination of aircraft landing smoke caused by high tire tread temperature during touchdown. In this paper, a case study of the aircraft's main landing gear has been simulated for a single wheel, using a coupled structural - thermal transient analysis in ANSYS to estimate the tire tread temperature for a typical landing and for when wheels are pre-spun, in order to validate the technique of pre-spinning the wheel; and to calculate how much pre-rotation is enough to avoid aircraft landing smoke.
针对飞机着陆过程中轮胎胎面温度过高而产生的着陆烟问题,提出了预旋轮的解决方案。本文以某型飞机主起落架为例,采用ANSYS中的结构-热耦合瞬态分析方法,对典型着陆和预旋转时的轮胎胎面温度进行了仿真,验证了预旋转技术的有效性;并计算出多少预旋转才足以避免飞机着陆时产生烟雾。
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引用次数: 4
Design and simulation of a new dual-axis control input piezoelectric gyroscope 新型双轴控制输入压电陀螺仪的设计与仿真
Pub Date : 2016-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/ICMAE.2016.7549549
Cheng-Yang Chang, Tsung-Lin Chen
This paper proposed a new design of the dual-axis control input, dual-axis position measurement piezoelectric gyroscope. Using piezoelectric actuation/ sensing to implement this gyroscope can be much more difficult than the conventional gyroscope, which equips only single-axis control input and dual-axis position measurement. This is because multiple mode shapes may exist in the flexure deformation, which complicates the relation between flexure deformation and the proof mass position. This paper solves this multiple-mode-shape problem by designing the location and dimensions of the electrodes such that the piezoelectric force would not excite multiple mode shapes and the voltage output of the sensing electrodes responds only to specific mode shapes. The proposed design achieves a sensitivity of 8 μv/deg/sec for the angular rate sensing and a quadrature error of 0.007%. The low quadrature error could be one of the advantages of sensing the position of the proof mass via sensing the specific deformed shape of the flexure.
本文提出了一种新的双轴控制输入、双轴位置测量的压电式陀螺仪设计方案。使用压电驱动/传感来实现这种陀螺仪比传统的陀螺仪要困难得多,传统的陀螺仪只有单轴控制输入和双轴位置测量。这是因为挠曲变形中可能存在多模态振型,这使得挠曲变形与验证质量位置之间的关系变得复杂。本文通过设计电极的位置和尺寸,使压电力不会激发多个模态振型,传感电极的电压输出只响应特定的模态振型,从而解决了多模态振型问题。设计的角速率传感灵敏度为8 μv/deg/sec,正交误差为0.007%。低正交误差可能是通过感知挠曲的特定变形形状来感知验证质量位置的优点之一。
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引用次数: 1
Coupling acoustic cavitation and solidification in the modeling of light alloy melt ultrasonic treatment 轻合金熔体超声处理过程中声空化与凝固耦合建模
Pub Date : 2016-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/ICMAE.2016.7549522
G. Lebon, A. Kao, C. Tonry, K. Pericleous
The space industry requires strong lightweight alloys to decrease launching costs and to increase the reliability of components. One promising technique is the application of ultrasound to a solidifying melt, which has been demonstrated to enhance the thermo-physical qualities of the treated sample through grain refinement. The underlying mechanism is through acoustic cavitation; however, it is not well understood how cavitating bubbles disrupt the microstructure. Further understanding of the fundamentals of ultrasonic melt processing is required to optimize treatment parameters, thus enabling the efficient production of lighter, stronger alloys at an industrial scale. To achieve this goal and investigate the effect of cavitating bubbles on the solidification front, we present a high-order micro-scale acoustic cavitation model. This model is applied to the interaction between cavitating bubbles and a needle dendrite of succinonitrile 1 wt. % camphor organic transparent alloy for which high-speed digital imaging is available in the literature.
航天工业需要坚固的轻质合金来降低发射成本并提高部件的可靠性。一种很有前途的技术是将超声波应用于凝固熔体,该技术已被证明可以通过细化晶粒来提高处理样品的热物理质量。其基本机制是通过声空化;然而,人们对空化气泡是如何破坏微观结构的还不是很清楚。需要进一步了解超声波熔体加工的基本原理,以优化处理参数,从而在工业规模上有效地生产更轻、更强的合金。为了实现这一目标并研究空化气泡对凝固前沿的影响,我们提出了一个高阶微尺度声空化模型。该模型应用于空化气泡与琥珀腈1 wt. %樟脑有机透明合金针状枝之间的相互作用,其中高速数字成像在文献中可用。
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引用次数: 1
Remaining useful life estimation of rolling bearings based on sparse representation 基于稀疏表示的滚动轴承剩余使用寿命估计
Pub Date : 2016-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/ICMAE.2016.7549536
Likun Ren, Weimin Lv
This paper proposes a novel methodology of rolling bearings remaining useful life (RUL) estimation based on sparse representation theory. By analyzing the inner relationships among monitored data, three particular properties of remaining useful life estimation tasks are concluded as the key prior knowledge: monotonicity and continuity of RUL evaluation show the relationships of monitored data and the evaluated RUL; similarity of adjacent monitored data lays the foundation of data driven RUL evaluation methodologies. These properties are then integrated into dictionary learning and sparse coding of sparse representation progress to build a remaining useful life estimation model. In the dictionary learning step, monotonicity and similarity are integrated through a matrix operator to learn more effective and concise dictionary; in the sparse coding step, new sparse model is proposed involving continuity and similarity. In the last step, the life ratio of training set to testing set is calculated through a Hough voting with sparse codes acquired from sparse coding step. With this ratio, the useful life of testing set can be calculated. So, the RUL of the testing set can be evaluated through useful life subtracting the running duration. Experiments are conducted on the ball bearing data provided by FEMTO-ST Institute and the results show the efficiency of our methodologies.
提出了一种基于稀疏表示理论的滚动轴承剩余使用寿命估计方法。通过分析监测数据之间的内在关系,得出剩余使用寿命估计任务的三个特性作为关键先验知识:RUL评估的单调性和连续性表明了监测数据与被评估RUL之间的关系;相邻监测数据的相似性是数据驱动RUL评价方法的基础。然后将这些属性集成到字典学习和稀疏表示过程的稀疏编码中,以构建剩余使用寿命估计模型。在字典学习步骤中,通过矩阵算子对单调性和相似性进行积分,学习到更有效、简洁的字典;在稀疏编码步骤中,提出了包含连续性和相似性的稀疏模型。最后一步,利用稀疏编码步骤获得的稀疏码,通过霍夫投票计算训练集与测试集的寿命比。利用该比值,可以计算出测试集的使用寿命。因此,可以通过使用寿命减去运行时间来评估测试集的RUL。在FEMTO-ST研究所提供的滚珠轴承数据上进行了实验,结果表明了本文方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 7
Optimal trailing-edge flaps in helicopter for vibration reduction at various peak deflections of the flaps 直升机尾缘襟翼在不同峰值偏转下的减振优化
Pub Date : 2016-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/ICMAE.2016.7549603
Saijal Kizhakke Kodakkattu, ML Joy, K. Nair
Helicopters are one of the most useful classes of flying vehicles because of the vertical take-off, landing and hovering capability, but suffers from severe vibration mainly from the rotor. Trailing-edge flaps are one of the successful techniques to reduce vibration in helicopter rotor. In this study, attempt is made to find an optimum Flap Peak Deflection Angle (FPDA) in reducing rotor hub vibration with minimum penalty in flap power requirement. Result show that the optimum design point at FPDA=±60 gives a vibration reduction of about 88% compared to FPDA=±20, but at the cost of increased flap power requirement.
直升机是最有用的一类飞行工具,因为垂直起飞,着陆和悬停能力,但遭受严重的振动主要来自旋翼。后缘襟翼是减小直升机旋翼振动的成功技术之一。在本研究中,试图找到一个最佳的襟翼峰值偏转角(FPDA),以减少转子轮毂的振动,并使襟翼功率需求损失最小。结果表明,与FPDA=±20相比,FPDA=±60时的最佳设计点振动降低约88%,但代价是襟翼功率要求增加。
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引用次数: 0
Symmetrical aerofoils and the influences of damage or debris for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles 对称翼型及其对无人机损伤或碎片的影响
Pub Date : 2016-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/ICMAE.2016.7549591
I. McAndrew, E. Navarro, Orin L. Godsey
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles are typically low-cost and frequently have aerofoils sections that are symmetrical as these are more economical to manufacture. Low speeds are possible and stability acceptable and lift can still be generated providing the angle of incident is greater than zero. The research presented here is with a focus on how susceptible if the leading edge is damaged or has debris resulting from operating on grass or on airfields in non-standard conditions.
无人机通常是低成本的,并且通常具有对称的机翼部分,因为这些更经济地制造。低速是可能的,稳定性是可以接受的,只要入射角大于零,升力仍然可以产生。这里提出的研究重点是,如果在非标准条件下在草地或机场上操作导致前缘损坏或有碎片,那么它是多么容易受到影响。
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引用次数: 0
Demonstrating a holographic memory having 100 Mrad total-ionizing-dose tolerance 演示具有100mrad总电离剂量耐受的全息存储器
Pub Date : 2016-08-25 DOI: 10.1109/ICMAE.2016.7549569
Yoshizumi Ito, Minoru Watanabe, A. Ogiwara
Currently, space systems require highly radiation tolerant memory. If memory with high radiation tolerance were available, then shielding of embedded systems for use in space could be reduced or removed, thereby greatly decreasing the weight of such space embedded systems. This study examines the radiation-hardened characteristics of a holographic memory. Using a cobalt 60 gamma radiation source, radiation experiments were conducted for a photopolymer holographic memory. Results show that the holographic memory can function correctly at a 100 Mrad total-ionizing dose. The radiation tolerance of the holographic memory is over 300 times higher than that of an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). Moreover, this paper shows a demonstration applied for an optically reconfigurable gate array. The configuration procedure could be executed by using the radiation-damaged holographic memory.
目前,空间系统需要高度耐辐射的存储器。如果具有高辐射耐受性的存储器可用,那么可以减少或取消用于空间的嵌入式系统的屏蔽,从而大大减少这种空间嵌入式系统的重量。本研究考察了全息存储器的抗辐射特性。利用钴60 γ辐射源,对光聚合物全息存储器进行了辐射实验。结果表明,在100mrad的总电离剂量下,全息记忆可以正常工作。全息存储器的耐辐射能力比电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)高300倍以上。此外,本文还展示了一个应用于光可重构门阵列的演示。配置过程可以利用辐射损伤全息存储器来实现。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2016 7th International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (ICMAE)
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