Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.1163/24055069-08030004
A. Palmer
Annotations in Pomponio Leto’s manuscript of Lucretius (now in Naples) reveal patterns in his engagement with the text, especially a focus on rare grammatical forms, participles, adverbs, time, and technical vocabulary usable for scientific, medical, and ontological discussion. Leto and fellow scholars of the studia humanitatis undertook an ambitious linguistic intervention, attempting to create a new classicizing Latin, which rejected simplified Medieval forms and adhered strictly to classical models. This led humanists to seek out everything rare, irregular, and absent from Medieval texts, and often to overshoot their ancient models in complexity, composing hyper-ornamented Latin no native speaker would produce. Thus negative space – all that was unknown, rare, and obscure in rediscovered classics – stands alongside Cicero and Virgil as a major shaper of Renaissance Latin style. The determination of humanists to reject scholastic Latin also meant rejecting the corpus of useful technical vocabulary developed in preceding centuries for discussions of such topics as cognition, perception, ontology, and cosmology. To rival the scholastics, humanists like Leto needed to develop a classical technical lexicon capable of discussing such topics with rigor. Leto’s annotations show how, while searching this newly rediscovered text, he was striving to (re)construct a classical Latin technical lexicon which we might say never existed.
{"title":"Pomponio Leto’s Lucretius, the Quest for a Classical Technical Lexicon, and the Negative Space of Humanist Latin Knowledge","authors":"A. Palmer","doi":"10.1163/24055069-08030004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055069-08030004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Annotations in Pomponio Leto’s manuscript of Lucretius (now in Naples) reveal patterns in his engagement with the text, especially a focus on rare grammatical forms, participles, adverbs, time, and technical vocabulary usable for scientific, medical, and ontological discussion. Leto and fellow scholars of the studia humanitatis undertook an ambitious linguistic intervention, attempting to create a new classicizing Latin, which rejected simplified Medieval forms and adhered strictly to classical models. This led humanists to seek out everything rare, irregular, and absent from Medieval texts, and often to overshoot their ancient models in complexity, composing hyper-ornamented Latin no native speaker would produce. Thus negative space – all that was unknown, rare, and obscure in rediscovered classics – stands alongside Cicero and Virgil as a major shaper of Renaissance Latin style. The determination of humanists to reject scholastic Latin also meant rejecting the corpus of useful technical vocabulary developed in preceding centuries for discussions of such topics as cognition, perception, ontology, and cosmology. To rival the scholastics, humanists like Leto needed to develop a classical technical lexicon capable of discussing such topics with rigor. Leto’s annotations show how, while searching this newly rediscovered text, he was striving to (re)construct a classical Latin technical lexicon which we might say never existed.","PeriodicalId":37173,"journal":{"name":"Erudition and the Republic of Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46025216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.1163/24055069-08030003
Alexandru Liciu
This paper is part of a larger project of investigating the reception of the Accademia dei Lincei at the Royal Society. Perhaps due to the Lincei’s hesitancy to make more use of print, they constituted somewhat of a mystery for the subsequent generations of scientific communities. This is to say that the members of Royal Society were open to or perhaps even actively searching for knowledge related to the Lynxes. In this work, I trace this through a particular case-study in the transmission of knowledge: the arrival at the Royal Society of Federico Cesi and Francesto Stelluti’s Trattato del Legno Fossile Minerale Nuovamente Scoperto [Treatise on the Newly Discovered Mineral Fossil Wood] (1637) and its accompanying lignum fossile specimen. I aim to show how Robert Hooke, early keeper of the Society’s repository, diverged significantly from the initial sense of Cesi and Stelluti: if for the latter the specimen attested for a Renaissance-type continuous chain of being, the former appropriated it in his own theory of geomorphological change and ‘petrifaction’. Throughout this article, I also reflect more broadly on other two related issues: 1. The status of the discipline of petrification during the early modern times; 2. The availability of Lincean sources in England and Europe – while pointing out that much more work needs to be done in order to properly chart the dissemination of the Lynxes’s works. I conclude by indicating that the Lynxes played a key role in Hooke’s genealogical argument on the right use of microscopy.
这篇论文是一个更大项目的一部分，该项目旨在调查皇家学会对林赛学院的接待情况。也许是由于林塞人对更多地使用印刷品犹豫不决，它们对随后几代科学界来说有些神秘。也就是说，皇家学会的成员对与山猫有关的知识持开放态度，甚至可能积极寻找。在这项工作中，我通过一个特定的知识传播案例研究来追溯这一点：费德里科·塞西皇家学会的到来和弗朗西斯托·斯特鲁蒂的Trattato del Legno Fossile Minerale Nuovamente Scoperto[新发现的矿物化石木材论]（1637）及其伴生的木脂化石标本。我的目的是展示学会知识库的早期保管人Robert Hooke是如何与Cesi和Stelluti最初的意义发生重大分歧的：如果后者的标本被证明是文艺复兴时期的连续存在链，那么前者将其用于他自己的地貌变化和“石化”理论中。在这篇文章中，我还更广泛地思考了其他两个相关问题：1。石化学科在近代早期的地位；2.英国和欧洲的林肯文献来源的可用性——同时指出，为了正确地绘制林克斯作品的传播图，还需要做更多的工作。最后，我指出山猫在胡克关于显微镜正确使用的系谱学争论中发挥了关键作用。
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Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1163/24055069-08020003
Alexander Bevilacqua
{"title":"E. Natalie Rothman, The Dragoman Renaissance: Diplomatic Interpreters and the Routes of Orientalism","authors":"Alexander Bevilacqua","doi":"10.1163/24055069-08020003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055069-08020003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37173,"journal":{"name":"Erudition and the Republic of Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47997652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1163/24055069-08020005
Russ Leo
{"title":"Natalie Zemon Davis, Leo Africanus Discovers Comedy: Theatre and Poetry Across the Mediterranean","authors":"Russ Leo","doi":"10.1163/24055069-08020005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055069-08020005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37173,"journal":{"name":"Erudition and the Republic of Letters","volume":"206 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41287241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1163/24055069-08020004
Christian Flow
{"title":"Football-Meister Say ‘Feel the Hype’: The Aesthetics of Asceticism","authors":"Christian Flow","doi":"10.1163/24055069-08020004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055069-08020004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37173,"journal":{"name":"Erudition and the Republic of Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44879526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1163/24055069-08020001
Ingrid A. R. De Smet
Although he enjoys some renown as a friend of Joseph Scaliger and Isaac Casaubon, Henri iv’s ambassador to the United Provinces, Paul Choart de Buzanval (1551–1607) has rarely been studied in his own right since the 1960s. Yet Choart was a significant champion of the protestant cause, who built a network of contacts spread across Europe, from Venice over Germany to England. This article assesses, first, how Buzanval’s network grew as his career evolved during the final decades of the French Wars of Religion and their immediate aftermath. Secondly, it takes stock of Buzanval’s role as an early modern emissary abroad: it demonstrates how, over and above his diplomatic agency for Henri de Navarre/Henri iv, Buzanval also emerged as a patron and cultural intermediary with the – mostly protestant – Republic of Letters. Thus, from relatively modest beginnings, Buzanval became a notable player in a network that encompassed political as well as intellectual and merchant spheres.
{"title":"Paul Choart de Buzanval: A Learned French Ambassador and the Republic of Letters","authors":"Ingrid A. R. De Smet","doi":"10.1163/24055069-08020001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055069-08020001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Although he enjoys some renown as a friend of Joseph Scaliger and Isaac Casaubon, Henri iv’s ambassador to the United Provinces, Paul Choart de Buzanval (1551–1607) has rarely been studied in his own right since the 1960s. Yet Choart was a significant champion of the protestant cause, who built a network of contacts spread across Europe, from Venice over Germany to England. This article assesses, first, how Buzanval’s network grew as his career evolved during the final decades of the French Wars of Religion and their immediate aftermath. Secondly, it takes stock of Buzanval’s role as an early modern emissary abroad: it demonstrates how, over and above his diplomatic agency for Henri de Navarre/Henri iv, Buzanval also emerged as a patron and cultural intermediary with the – mostly protestant – Republic of Letters. Thus, from relatively modest beginnings, Buzanval became a notable player in a network that encompassed political as well as intellectual and merchant spheres.","PeriodicalId":37173,"journal":{"name":"Erudition and the Republic of Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43765469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1163/24055069-08020006
Simon Mills
{"title":"Bart Jaski, Christian Lange, Anna Pytlowany and Henk J. van Rinsum, eds, The Orient in Utrecht: Adriaan Reland (1676–1718), Arabist, Cartographer, Antiquarian and Scholar of Comparative Religion","authors":"Simon Mills","doi":"10.1163/24055069-08020006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055069-08020006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37173,"journal":{"name":"Erudition and the Republic of Letters","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135325326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1163/24055069-08020002
Clément Poupard
This article aims to highlight the significance of embodied interaction between readers and early modern diagrams, with a specific focus on the art of memory. The Rhetorica ad Herennium and Renaissance rhetoric and mnemonic manuals describe this technique as a visualization of images that symbolize information and are placed into imaginary loci, typically real or fictitious buildings. Diagrams were often used to convey the spatial order of these buildings, thus playing a crucial role in the transmission of mnemonic knowledge. Consequently, the materiality of these diagrams was instrumental in the success or failure of mnemonics manuals, as evidenced in Jacobus Publicius and Girolamo Marafioto’s manuals. The strategic importance of diagrams also explains why teachers like Johannes Henricus Döbel strove to accurately represent three-dimensional diagrams in two-dimensional printed sheets. These different case-studies underline the importance to consider diagrams not only as intellectual tools but also as material objects implying physical actions.
本文旨在强调读者与早期现代图表之间的具体互动的意义，特别关注记忆艺术。Rhetorica ad Herennium和文艺复兴时期的修辞和记忆手册将这种技术描述为图像的可视化，这些图像象征着信息，并被放置在想象的地点，通常是真实或虚构的建筑中。图表经常被用来传达这些建筑的空间秩序，从而在记忆知识的传递中发挥着至关重要的作用。因此，正如Jacobus Publicius和Girolamo Marafioto的手册所证明的那样，这些图表的实质性对助记手册的成败起着重要作用。图表的战略重要性也解释了为什么像Johannes Henricus Döbel这样的老师努力在二维打印纸上准确地表示三维图表。这些不同的案例研究强调了将图表不仅视为智力工具，而且视为暗示身体动作的实物的重要性。
{"title":"Learning the Art of Memory by Doing: Diagrams as Material Objects and Embodied Teaching Tools in Early Modern Mnemonics","authors":"Clément Poupard","doi":"10.1163/24055069-08020002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055069-08020002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article aims to highlight the significance of embodied interaction between readers and early modern diagrams, with a specific focus on the art of memory. The Rhetorica ad Herennium and Renaissance rhetoric and mnemonic manuals describe this technique as a visualization of images that symbolize information and are placed into imaginary loci, typically real or fictitious buildings. Diagrams were often used to convey the spatial order of these buildings, thus playing a crucial role in the transmission of mnemonic knowledge. Consequently, the materiality of these diagrams was instrumental in the success or failure of mnemonics manuals, as evidenced in Jacobus Publicius and Girolamo Marafioto’s manuals. The strategic importance of diagrams also explains why teachers like Johannes Henricus Döbel strove to accurately represent three-dimensional diagrams in two-dimensional printed sheets. These different case-studies underline the importance to consider diagrams not only as intellectual tools but also as material objects implying physical actions.","PeriodicalId":37173,"journal":{"name":"Erudition and the Republic of Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42079016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1163/24055069-08010007
P. Kurtz
{"title":"Efraim Podoksik, ed., Doing Humanities in Nineteenth-Century Germany","authors":"P. Kurtz","doi":"10.1163/24055069-08010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055069-08010007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37173,"journal":{"name":"Erudition and the Republic of Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43227814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1163/24055069-08010006
John K. Hale
{"title":"Nicola Gardini, Long Live Latin: The Pleasures of a Useless Language","authors":"John K. Hale","doi":"10.1163/24055069-08010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055069-08010006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37173,"journal":{"name":"Erudition and the Republic of Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44439902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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