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Insurtech in Europe: identifying the top investment priorities for driving innovation 欧洲的保险科技:确定推动创新的投资重点
IF 8.4 1区 经济学 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2024-01-21 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00541-y
Serkan Eti, Hasan Dinçer, Hasan Meral, Serhat Yüksel, Yaşar Gökalp
The purpose of this study is to determine the essential indicators to improve insurtech systems and select the most critical alternative to increase insurtech-based investments in European countries. A novel fuzzy decision-making model is generated by integrating entropy and additive ratio assessment (ARAS) techniques with spherical fuzzy sets. First, the indicators are weighted using spherical fuzzy entropy. Then, the alternatives are ranked using spherical fuzzy ARAS. The alternatives are also ranked with the spherical fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution methodology. The main contribution of this study is that it would help investors to take the right actions to increase the performance of insurtech investments without incurring high costs. Another important novelty is that a new fuzzy decision-making model is proposed to solve this problem. The results of the two models are quite similar, proving the validity and coherency of the findings. It is found that pricing is the most critical factor that affects the performance of insurtech investments. Insurtech companies are required to make accurate pricing by conducting risk analyses to increase their profits and minimize their risks. Additionally, according to the ranking results, big data are the most appropriate way to improve the performance of insurtech investments in Europe. Big data analytics helps companies learn more about the behavior of their customers. By analyzing data about their customers’ past transactions, companies can provide more convenient services to them. This would increase customer satisfaction and enable companies to achieve long-term customer loyalty.
本研究的目的是确定改进保险科技系统的基本指标,并选择最关键的备选方案,以增加欧洲国家基于保险科技的投资。通过将熵和加法比率评估(ARAS)技术与球形模糊集相结合,建立了一个新颖的模糊决策模型。首先,使用球形模糊熵对指标进行加权。然后,使用球形模糊 ARAS 对备选方案进行排序。此外,还利用球形模糊技术,通过与理想解决方案方法的相似性对备选方案进行优先排序。本研究的主要贡献在于,它有助于投资者采取正确的行动,在不付出高昂成本的情况下提高保险科技投资的绩效。另一个重要的新颖之处在于提出了一个新的模糊决策模型来解决这一问题。两个模型的结果非常相似,证明了研究结果的有效性和一致性。研究发现,定价是影响保险科技投资绩效的最关键因素。保险科技公司需要通过进行风险分析来准确定价,以增加利润并将风险降至最低。此外,根据排名结果,大数据是提高欧洲保险科技投资绩效的最合适方式。大数据分析可以帮助公司更多地了解客户的行为。通过分析客户过去的交易数据,公司可以为客户提供更便捷的服务。这将提高客户满意度,使公司获得长期的客户忠诚度。
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引用次数: 0
Asymmetric threshold effects of digitization on inflation in emerging markets 数字化对新兴市场通胀的非对称门槛效应
IF 8.4 1区 经济学 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2024-01-21 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00545-8
Noha Emara, Daniela Zecheru
This paper analyzes the dynamic asymmetric effects of digitization on domestic inflation for a sample of 54 advanced economies (AEs) and emerging markets (EMs) over the period 2004–2018. Using Katz and Calorda’s Digital Ecosystem Development Index and employing the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation methodology, the results of the paper reveal that the improvement in digitization has a statistically significant nonlinear deflationary effect with an exact threshold level of 43.22 points, that is, that the marginal effect of the digital penetration is larger when its level is lower than the threshold level. For EMs, with a level of digitization below the average of our full sample, policymakers must continue to invest in and expand on their digital ecosystem until the threshold level is achieved. Our results show that investment in human capital and improvement in governance can reinforce these deflationary effects. Hence, to obtain the maximum positive impact of increasing digitization on domestic inflation, EM governments should focus on maximizing school enrollment, controlling corruption, establishing rule of law, protecting the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and implementing accountability measures.
本文以54个发达经济体(AEs)和新兴市场(EMs)为样本,分析了2004-2018年间数字化对国内通货膨胀的动态非对称影响。本文使用 Katz 和 Calorda 的数字生态系统发展指数,并采用系统广义矩法(GMM)估计方法,结果显示数字化水平的提高具有统计上显著的非线性通货紧缩效应,精确临界水平为 43.22 点,即当数字化渗透水平低于临界水平时,其边际效应更大。对于数字化水平低于全样本平均水平的新兴市场国家,政策制定者必须继续投资和扩大其数字生态系统,直到达到临界水平。我们的研究结果表明,对人力资本的投资和治理的改善会加强这些通货紧缩效应。因此,为了最大限度地发挥数字化对国内通胀的积极影响,新兴市场国家政府应将重点放在最大限度地提高入学率、控制腐败、建立法治、保护意见和言论自由权以及实施问责措施上。
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引用次数: 0
Changing the whole game: effects of the COVID-19 pandemic's accelerated digitalization on European bank staff's data protection capabilities 改变整个游戏:COVID-19 大流行病加速数字化对欧洲银行员工数据保护能力的影响
IF 8.4 1区 经济学 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00533-y
Ine van Zeeland, Jo Pierson
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引用次数: 0
A fuzzy BWM and MARCOS integrated framework with Heronian function for evaluating cryptocurrency exchanges: a case study of Türkiye 用于评估加密货币交易所的模糊 BWM 和 MARCOS 集成框架与赫罗尼函数:土耳其案例研究
IF 8.4 1区 经济学 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00543-w
F. Ecer, Tolga Murat, H. Di̇nçer, Serhat Yüksel
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引用次数: 1
Nexus of governance, macroeconomic conditions, and financial stability of banks: a comparison of developed and emerging countries 银行治理、宏观经济条件和金融稳定性的关联:发达国家与新兴国家的比较
IF 8.4 1区 经济学 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00542-x
Saif Ullah, Atta Ullah, Mubasher Zaman
The study aims to explore the impact of governance and macroeconomic conditions on financial stability in developed and emerging countries. The study sample comprised 122 countries from 2013 to 2020, and a comprehensive set of variables was used to construct the financial stability index (FSI). The results of the two-step system GMM analysis, robust with D–K regression, indicate that interest rate, GDP growth, voice and accountability, political stability and absence of violence/terrorism, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and control of corruption have a positive and statistically significant impact on financial stability. However, inflation, money supply, and the rule of law have adverse and insignificant effects on financial stability. Notably, the findings vary between developed and emerging countries due to differences in governance and macroeconomic conditions and their role in financial stability. The study concludes that regulatory governance and macroeconomic conditions are crucial for financial stability. These outcomes are significant for central banks, academia, and policymakers, as they emphasize the need for stable financial systems and sustainable, balanced growth through governance and macroeconomic conditions.
本研究旨在探讨发达国家和新兴国家的治理和宏观经济条件对金融稳定性的影响。研究样本包括 2013 年至 2020 年的 122 个国家,并采用了一套综合变量来构建金融稳定指数(FSI)。两步系统 GMM 分析结果表明,利率、GDP 增长、发言权和问责制、政治稳定和无暴力/恐怖主义、政府效率、监管质量和腐败控制对金融稳定有积极的统计意义上的影响。然而,通货膨胀、货币供应量和法治对金融稳定性有不利影响,且影响不明显。值得注意的是,由于治理和宏观经济条件及其在金融稳定中的作用不同,发达国家和新兴国家的研究结果也不尽相同。研究得出结论,监管治理和宏观经济条件对金融稳定至关重要。这些结果对中央银行、学术界和政策制定者意义重大,因为它们强调了通过治理和宏观经济条件实现稳定的金融体系和可持续均衡增长的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Crowdfunding innovative but risky new ventures: the importance of less ambiguous tone 为创新但有风险的新企业进行众筹:少用模棱两可的语气的重要性
IF 8.4 1区 经济学 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00529-8
Ye Liu, Ke Zhang, Weili Xue, Ziyu Zhou
Crowdfunding provides a novel and potential way for innovative but risky new ventures to fund their new product development (NPD) projects. To help potential investors evaluate the projects and enhance the credibility of disclosure, founders are struggling with how to phrase the project description. The rapidly growing cleantech crowdfunding projects provide an ideal context to study this issue. We collected information on cleantech crowdfunding projects and matched non-cleantech crowdfunding projects from Kickstarter. The sample period extends from January 2013 to October 2018. Using signaling research as a theoretical lens and a dictionary-based, computerized text mining method, we found that founders of high-quality cleantech crowdfunding projects could create a reliable signal of quality by providing a project description with a less ambiguous tone and thus boost the success of crowdfunding. Moreover, the signaling effectiveness of a less ambiguous tone is more pronounced in cleantech crowdfunding than in matched non-cleantech crowdfunding, suggesting that the marginal benefit of using a less ambiguous tone is larger when the industry information environment is noisier. Further evidence shows that the signaling effectiveness of a less ambiguous tone in cleantech crowdfunding could be strengthened by backers’ endorsements. Our findings imply that tone ambiguity in project descriptions is related to founders’ information-concealing behavior. Potential investors could search ambiguous words in project descriptions and just allocate their limited attention into projects with a low percentage of ambiguous words to avoid information overload. Founders of high-quality projects could boost crowdfunding success by using a less ambiguous tone to describe their projects. The marginal effect is larger when there is greater uncertainty about project prospects.
众筹为创新但风险较高的新企业提供了一种新颖而潜在的方式,为其新产品开发(NPD)项目提供资金。为了帮助潜在投资者对项目进行评估并提高信息披露的可信度,创始人一直在苦恼如何对项目描述进行措辞。快速发展的清洁技术众筹项目为研究这一问题提供了理想的背景。我们从 Kickstarter 收集了清洁技术众筹项目的信息以及与之匹配的非清洁技术众筹项目的信息。样本期从 2013 年 1 月至 2018 年 10 月。我们以信号研究为理论视角,采用基于词典的计算机文本挖掘方法,发现高质量清洁技术众筹项目的创始人可以通过提供不那么模棱两可的项目描述来创造可靠的质量信号,从而提高众筹的成功率。此外,与相匹配的非清洁技术众筹相比,不那么含糊的语气在清洁技术众筹中的信号效果更加明显,这表明当行业信息环境更加嘈杂时,使用不那么含糊的语气的边际效益更大。进一步的证据表明,在清洁技术众筹中,支持者的背书可以加强不那么模棱两可的语气的信号传递效果。我们的研究结果表明,项目描述中的语气模糊与创始人的信息隐藏行为有关。潜在投资者可能会搜索项目描述中的模糊词语,并将有限的注意力分配给模糊词语比例较低的项目,以避免信息过载。高质量项目的创始人可以通过使用含糊度较低的语气来描述自己的项目,从而提高众筹的成功率。当项目前景存在较大不确定性时,边际效应会更大。
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引用次数: 0
Global shocks and fiscal stimulus: a tale of an oil-dependent-exporting country 全球冲击与财政刺激:一个石油依赖出口国的故事
IF 8.4 1区 经济学 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00527-w
David Iheke Okorie, Boqiang Lin
Global shocks potentially distort economy’s achieved equilibria. Considering the 2020 global crude oil price shock and the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic, this study proposes an energy and environment integrated general equilibrium model to analyze the economic, energy, and environmental effects of these global shocks on Nigeria, a developing, oil-producing, oil-dependent, and oil-exporting country. Furthermore, the mitigating roles of a fiscal stimulus–response package (palliative) are investigated and analyzed. Generally, the developed model predicts a decline in the level of economic activities. The study results are unsurprising due to Nigeria’s heavy reliance on crude oil. However, sectorial-specific impacts exist as some sectors experience output declines while others do not. Environmental quality is improved since more carbon is abated, nonetheless. Carbon intensities increased given that the price effects outweighed the quantity effects— reduced emission results from reduced economic activities and not from technological progress. The results further show a revenue-abatement paradox; a fixed carbon tax approach minimizes the tax revenue loss but may discourage carbon abatement. Conversely, the ad valorem and specific carbon tax systems encourage carbon abatement but reduce carbon tax revenues. The government’s fiscal policy stimulus–response (palliative) action dampens the impact of these global shocks on both the domestic agents and the overall economy. The results are robust and can be applied to the experiences of other developing oil-producing, oil-exporting, and oil-dependent economies.
全球冲击可能会扭曲经济实现的均衡。考虑到 2020 年全球原油价格冲击和 2019 年冠状病毒疾病大流行,本研究提出了一个能源与环境综合一般均衡模型,以分析这些全球冲击对尼日利亚这个发展中石油生产国、石油依赖国和石油出口国的经济、能源和环境影响。此外,还调查和分析了一揽子财政刺激-应对措施(缓和措施)的缓解作用。总体而言,所建立的模型预测了经济活动水平的下降。由于尼日利亚严重依赖原油,研究结果不足为奇。然而,由于一些部门的产出下降,而另一些部门则没有,因此存在着因部门而异的影响。尽管如此,由于减少了更多的碳,环境质量还是得到了改善。由于价格效应大于数量效应,碳强度增加了--排放减少是经济活动减少的结果,而不是技术进步的结果。结果进一步显示了税收减免悖论;固定碳税的征收方法最大限度地减少了税收损失,但可能会阻碍碳减排。相反,从价碳税制和特定碳税制会鼓励碳减排,但会减少碳税收收入。政府的财政政策刺激-反应(缓和)行动抑制了这些全球冲击对国内主体和整体经济的影响。研究结果是稳健的,可应用于其他发展中石油生产国、石油出口国和石油依赖型经济体的经验。
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引用次数: 0
Unsupervised clustering of bitcoin transactions 比特币交易的无监督聚类
IF 8.4 1区 经济学 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00525-y
George Vlahavas, Kostas Karasavvas, Athena Vakali
Since its inception in 2009, Bitcoin has become and is currently the most successful and widely used cryptocurrency. It introduced blockchain technology, which allows transactions that transfer funds between users to take place online, in an immutable manner. No real-world identities are needed or stored in the blockchain. At the same time, all transactions are publicly available and auditable, making Bitcoin a pseudo-anonymous ledger of transactions. The volume of transactions that are broadcast on a daily basis is considerably large. We propose a set of features that can be extracted from transaction data. Using this, we apply a data processing pipeline to ultimately cluster transactions via a k-means clustering algorithm, according to the transaction properties. Finally, according to these properties, we are able to characterize these clusters and the transactions they include. Our work mainly differentiates from previous studies in that it applies an unsupervised learning method to cluster transactions instead of addresses. Using the novel features we introduce, our work classifies transactions in multiple clusters, while previous studies only attempt binary classification. Results indicate that most transactions fall into a cluster that can be described as common user transactions. Other clusters include transactions made by online exchanges and lending services, those relating to mining activities as well as smaller clusters, one of which contains possibly illicit or fraudulent transactions. We evaluated our results against an online database of addresses that belong to known actors, such as online exchanges, and found that our results generally agree with them, which enhances the validity of our methods.
自 2009 年诞生以来,比特币已成为目前最成功、使用最广泛的加密货币。它引入了区块链技术,允许用户之间以不可更改的方式在线进行资金转移交易。区块链中不需要或不存储现实世界中的身份信息。同时,所有交易都是公开的、可审计的,这使得比特币成为一个伪匿名的交易账本。每天广播的交易量相当大。我们提出了一套可从交易数据中提取的特征。在此基础上,我们应用数据处理管道,通过 k-means 聚类算法,最终根据交易属性对交易进行聚类。最后,根据这些属性,我们能够对这些聚类及其包含的交易进行特征描述。我们的工作与以往研究的主要区别在于,它采用了一种无监督学习方法对交易而不是地址进行聚类。利用我们引入的新特征,我们的工作将交易分为多个群组,而之前的研究仅尝试二元分类。结果表明,大多数交易都属于可被描述为普通用户交易的聚类。其他群组包括在线交易所和借贷服务的交易、与采矿活动有关的交易以及更小的群组,其中一个群组包含可能的非法或欺诈交易。我们对照一个在线数据库对我们的结果进行了评估,发现我们的结果与已知行为者(如在线交易所)的地址基本一致,这增强了我们方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the critical factors affecting the adoption of blockchain: Taiwan’s banking industry 探索影响区块链应用的关键因素:台湾银行业
IF 8.4 1区 经济学 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00523-0
Yi‑Hsiang Lu, Ching‑Chiang Yeh, Yu‑Mei Kuo
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引用次数: 0
Fintech research: systematic mapping, classification, and future directions 金融科技研究:系统映射、分类和未来方向
IF 8.4 1区 经济学 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-023-00524-z
Qianhua Liu, Ka-Ching Chan, Ranga Chimhundu
This systematic mapping study provides a comprehensive review of current Fintech publications, analyzing the current state, maturity level, and future directions of Fintech research. Reviewing 518 Fintech articles across four academic databases from 2008 to 2021, we find a significant increase in Fintech studies, especially in Quartile 1 and Quartile 2 journals. Fintech and banking, Fintech development, and Fintech adoption are the most popular research areas, and articles in these areas are increasing. We propose a classification scheme for Fintech studies across five dimensions. Our study provides a unique perspective on the subject, enabling researchers and practitioners to re-evaluate the direction and scope of future Fintech research.
本系统图研究全面回顾了当前的金融科技出版物,分析了金融科技研究的现状、成熟度和未来方向。通过回顾 2008 年至 2021 年四个学术数据库中的 518 篇金融科技文章,我们发现金融科技研究显著增加,尤其是在第一和第二季度期刊中。金融科技与银行业、金融科技发展和金融科技应用是最热门的研究领域,这些领域的文章也在不断增加。我们从五个维度提出了金融科技研究的分类方案。我们的研究为这一课题提供了一个独特的视角,使研究人员和从业人员能够重新评估未来金融科技研究的方向和范围。
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引用次数: 0
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Financial Innovation
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