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Working backstage: a cultural history and ethnography of technical theater labor 后台工作:技术戏剧劳动的文化史和民族志
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/23322551.2022.2150372
E. Curley
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引用次数: 1
And then there was light 然后就有了光
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/23322551.2022.2154458
K. Graham
I grew up in Galway, a small city in the west of Ireland with a vibrant arts scene. When I was a child, the annual Galway Arts Festival (now the Galway International Arts Festival) opened my world to a wide range of performance events. I simply have no idea what the first piece of theatre I saw was, but I do know that having a tangled mix of experiences with performance and visual art very early on was certainly formative to my later development as a designer, theatre maker and researcher. Alongside performances in theatre buildings, many of my early experiences of performance will have been attending street theatre, particularly the work of Macnas, a Galway-based company specialising in street and spectacle theatre. Macnas Parades were (and continue to be) a fixture of the cultural life of the city, and by extension of my early engagement with the arts. I have a number of early memories of watching this processual street theatre from various vantage points in the city centre, and being, alternately, captivated, discombobulated, elated and sometimes frightened by the succession of fantastical puppets, creatures in streams of colourful costumes, stilt walkers and drummers on display. These parades were visually exciting, but also cultivated a particular kind of attention. The themes or narratives of these parades were often drawn from mythology or cultural history, the kinds of narratives often delivered in written or spoken word, but here you could piece these stories together through the sensory invitation of materials, movements and rhythms. In 1999 the Macnas Parade was, for the first time, performed at night. The piece, entitled Cargo de Nuit, moved through the streets of Galway in the gathering darkness of a night in July and, in so doing, completely transformed the feeling of the city and of the performance itself. The parade had a loose narrative premise, of a world plunged into darkness and populated by strange night creatures, but it is the feeling of an event rendered through light and darkness that was most captivating at the time, and that has remained with me since. It took a slightly different route to previous parades, but nonetheless took what was a familiar phenomenon of street spectacle in my home town and transformed it into something that felt new, and strange, and other worldly. Performers were mostly lit by small concealed lights that made them glow against the framing darkness, with lots of flaming torches, and performers breathing or juggling fire. The surrounding darkness seemed to form a kind of connective tissue around the whole event – suspending individual figures or groups of performers and marking their passage through both space and time. I watched Cargo de Nuit long before I turned to theatre design or started to think about light in particular, and so it took me a long time to recognise the influence of this event on
我在戈尔韦长大,这是爱尔兰西部的一个小城市,有着充满活力的艺术氛围。当我还是个孩子的时候,一年一度的戈尔韦艺术节(现在的戈尔韦国际艺术节)让我的世界看到了各种各样的表演活动。我根本不知道我看到的第一件戏剧是什么,但我知道,早年与表演和视觉艺术的纠缠在一起的经历,无疑对我后来成为一名设计师、戏剧制作人和研究人员的发展形成了影响。除了在剧院大楼里的表演,我早期的许多表演经历都是在街头剧院,尤其是麦克纳斯的作品,这是一家总部位于戈尔韦的公司,专门从事街头和奇观剧院的演出。麦克纳斯游行是(并将继续是)这座城市文化生活的一部分,也是我早期与艺术接触的延伸。我有很多早期的记忆,从市中心的不同有利位置观看这一过程中的街头戏剧,并被,交替着迷,困惑,高兴,有时害怕的幻想木偶,生物在五颜六色的服装,高跷步行者和鼓手展示。这些游行在视觉上令人兴奋,但也培养了一种特殊的注意力。这些游行的主题或叙事通常来自神话或文化历史,这些叙事通常是书面或口头的,但在这里,你可以通过材料、动作和节奏的感官邀请将这些故事拼凑在一起。1999年,麦克纳斯游行第一次在夜间进行。这件名为《夜的货物》(Cargo de Nuit)的作品,在七月的一个夜晚,在戈尔韦的街道上移动,这样做,完全改变了城市和表演本身的感觉。游行有一个松散的叙事前提,一个世界陷入黑暗,居住着奇怪的夜间生物,但当时最吸引我的是通过光明和黑暗呈现的事件的感觉,从那以后就一直留在我身边。这次游行的路线与之前的游行略有不同,但它把我家乡的街头奇观变成了一种新鲜、奇怪、不一样的东西。表演者大多被隐蔽的小灯照亮,使他们在黑暗中发光,有许多燃烧的火炬,表演者呼吸或杂耍火焰。周围的黑暗似乎在整个活动周围形成了一种结缔组织——悬浮着个人或表演者群体,并标记着他们在空间和时间中的通道。早在我转向剧院设计或开始特别思考灯光之前,我就看过《夜之货物》,所以我花了很长时间才认识到这件事对我的影响
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引用次数: 0
Scenographic design drawing: performative drawing in an expanded field 舞台设计制图:扩展领域的表演性制图
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/23322551.2022.2133235
Beth Weinstein
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引用次数: 0
Staging Frank Lloyd Wright’s Imperial Hotel 弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特的帝国酒店
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/23322551.2022.2082713
A. Paine
ABSTRACT In recent years, a small but growing number of buildings designed by American architect Frank Lloyd Wright have been collected, moved and reconstructed by museums for exhibition. While those involved have done their best to mitigate the physical impact of relocation, the remaking of these buildings in new sites also brings an inevitable conceptual shift: a spatio-temporal gap between the ‘original' building and its new life as an ostensible stage set on display. Nowhere is this staging more palpable than at Wright's reconstructed Imperial Hotel. Opened in 1923, the Imperial Hotel maintains an almost mythical presence in Wright's oeuvre, having famously survived the Great Kanto earthquake that decimated Tokyo. Yet, despite its fame, the hotel succumbed to the pressures of redevelopment and was demolished in 1968. Nearly a decade later, a reconstruction of the hotel's lobby and reflecting pool was opened at the Meiji-mura architecture museum as a much-diminished relic combining original salvage with extensive new construction. Through a formal examination of the exhibit, this article examines those questions of authenticity and staging that plague architectural reconstructions in museums. While such exhibits are often perceived as second-rate substitutes for the real thing, the set-like presentation of the reincarnated Imperial Hotel is argued here to instead highlight the inherent theatricality of Wright’s design, which is arguably more apparent in the reconstruction than it ever was in the original.
近年来,美国建筑师弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特(Frank Lloyd Wright)设计的少数建筑被博物馆收藏、移动和重建以供展览。虽然参与其中的人尽了最大的努力来减轻搬迁的物理影响,但这些建筑在新址的重建也带来了不可避免的概念转变:“原始”建筑与它作为表面舞台布景的新生活之间的时空差距。没有什么地方比赖特重建的帝国酒店(Imperial Hotel)更能体现这种风格了。帝国酒店于1923年开业,在赖特的作品中几乎保持着神话般的存在,在摧毁东京的关东大地震中幸存下来。然而,尽管名声在外,酒店还是屈服于重建的压力,于1968年被拆除。近十年后,酒店大堂和倒影池的重建项目在明治村建筑博物馆开放,作为一个已经大大减少的遗迹,结合了原始的修复和大量的新建筑。通过对展览的正式考察,本文探讨了那些困扰博物馆建筑重建的真实性和分期问题。虽然这样的展览通常被认为是真实事物的二流替代品,但在这里,重生的帝国酒店的布景式展示被认为是为了突出赖特设计的内在戏剧性,这在重建中比在原始中更加明显。
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引用次数: 0
Curtain, gong, steam: Wagnerian technologies of nineteenth-century opera 幕布、锣、蒸汽:19世纪瓦格纳式的歌剧技术
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/23322551.2022.2063502
Nicholas Till
Two famous images from the fi rst production of Wagner ’ s Der Ring des Nibelungen at Bayreuth in 1876 are often reproduced side by side. One is an engraving after Josef Ho ff mann ’ s idealised design for the opening scene of Das Rheingold , showing the watery Rhinemaidens merging fl uidly with their surroundings, whilst the dwarf Alberich leers at them from a rock. The second depicts the reality of the scene seen from backstage, in which the less-than-sylph-like singers are strapped uncomfortably atop crude trollies being trundled around by stage hands. The two images exemplify Wagner ’ s frustration with the gap between his ideal image of his music dramas and what was practically achievable in the theatre of his day, despite the fact that he had built his own theatre, customised to ful fi l his dream, at Bayreuth. grease , ’ famous the ‘ mystic gulf ’ Wagner ’ s vision when, scene the music drama, with its sequence of unrealisable actions (Brünnhilde leaping into Siegfried ’ s funeral pyre on her horse, the Rhine submerging the stage, and the fi nal con fl agration of the gods in Valhalla), Konwitschny brought the front curtain down, and Wagner ’ s wordy instructions for the representation of fi nal Armageddon were instead projected onto the curtain, scrolling up as the music depicted the absent catastrophe – an act
1876年,瓦格纳的《尼伯龙根的指环》在拜罗伊特的第一部作品中,两幅著名的图像经常被并排复制。其中一个是根据约瑟夫·霍夫曼为《莱茵河畔》的开场所做的理想化设计而雕刻的,画中水灵灵的莱茵少女与周围的环境流畅地融合在一起,而矮个子的阿尔伯里奇则在岩石上斜眼看着她们。第二幅画描绘了从后台看到的真实场景,不像仙女的歌手们被不适地绑在粗糙的手推车上,由舞台工作人员推着走来走去。尽管瓦格纳已经在拜罗伊特建造了自己的剧院,以实现他的梦想,但这两个形象表明瓦格纳对他理想中的音乐剧形象与当时剧院实际可实现的差距感到沮丧。瓦格纳的“神秘的海湾”,著名的“油脂”,当场景的音乐戏剧,其不可实现的动作的顺序(br nhilde跳进她的马齐格弗里德的葬礼的柴堆,莱茵河淹没了舞台,并最终在瓦尔哈拉众神的集合),Konwitschny拉下了前面的窗帘,瓦格纳的冗长的指示代表最后的世界末日被投射到窗帘上。向上滚动,音乐描绘了缺席的灾难——一种行为
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引用次数: 0
The smell of Homo Aquatis: scented scenographics and multisensory exhibition design in the ‘mockumentary’ exhibition project Aquanauts: The Expedition Aquatis人的气味:“伪纪录”展览项目Aquanauts: The Expedition中的气味布景和多感官展览设计
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/23322551.2022.2088192
Viveka Kjellmer
ABSTRACT In 1892 two women scientists mysteriously disappeared during an expedition into unexplored parts of Sweden. The only remaining traces are their collected samples showing evidence of an unknown humanoid species: Homo Aquatis, or the Aquanauts. This story frames the exhibition Aquanauts – The Expedition. Scenographic elements such as moving imagery, sound and lighting, sculptural objects, drawings, fictitious scientific samples and, not least, smells are used in the exhibition to evoke affective atmospheres. Using a theoretical framework based on critical scenography, multisensory exhibition design, and the field of art history and visual culture, this study focuses on the use of scenographic sensory activation to create an immersive experience. The use of olfactory ekphrasis to analyse the designed smells brings the scenographic agency of scent to the fore. Each fragrance conveys a story about the character for whom it is designed. What we smell seems real, and this deliberate utilization of perfuming – the use of ‘perfume’ to communicate identity and assert bodily presence – brings the Aquanauts to life. The conscious use of the sense of smell as a scenographic strategy together with visual, tactile and aural cues also problematizes our understanding of the sense of smell on a more general level, by suggesting that scents are an alternative way to communicate.
1892年,两名女科学家在前往瑞典未开发地区探险时神秘失踪。唯一留下的痕迹是他们收集的样本,显示了一个未知的类人物种的证据:水人,或水人。这个故事构成了“水族探险队”展览的框架。场景元素,如移动图像、声音和灯光、雕塑、绘画、虚构的科学样本,尤其是气味,在展览中被用来唤起情感氛围。本研究以批判性场景学、多感官展览设计、艺术史与视觉文化领域为理论框架,著重于利用场景的感官激活创造身临其境的体验。运用嗅觉词汇对设计的气味进行分析,使气味的场景中介作用凸显出来。每一款香水都传达了一个关于其设计对象的故事。我们闻到的味道似乎是真实的,而这种对香水的刻意利用——用“香水”来传达身份和强调身体的存在——给水人带来了生命。有意识地将嗅觉与视觉、触觉和听觉线索一起作为一种场景策略,也使我们在更普遍的层面上对嗅觉的理解出现了问题,因为气味是一种替代的交流方式。
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引用次数: 0
Staged: scenographic strategies in contemporary exhibition design 舞台:当代展览设计中的场景化策略
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/23322551.2022.2099091
Lucy Thornett, Greer Crawley
We are pleased to introduce this special double issue, which focuses attention on how scenography operates within exhibition contexts. Our interest in this topic has been developing for some time. In 2018, we co-convened a symposium titled Scenography in Exhibition & The Museum with Kathrine Sandys and the V&A Museum, for the UK Theatre and Performance Research Association (TaPRA) Scenography Working Group. The symposium included presentations from a number of practitioners and theorists working across the disciplinary contexts of exhibition and performance design – in fact, interest in the topic was such that we shortened the length of all the presentations in order to accommodate more papers. Since then, although more scholarly work has begun to emerge in this area (Dechelle 2018; Mehzoud 2019), we believe there is still a need for a more extensive examination of the scenographic in exhibition design. This special double issue is a move towards fulfilling that need. We are delighted to feature articles by an international group of contributors. They bring a range of perspectives from the historical and cultural, art criticism, design and curatorial practices, or a combination of these. The contributors’ different perspectives interconnect to create a multi-dimensional discourse around the staging of exhibitions. Their arguments and observations elucidate how scenographic and theatrical methodologies are being used in creating what one of the contributors, Pamela Bianchi, has described as ‘the exhibition imaginary’. We have identified some emergent themes in how the assembled articles articulate a set of scenographic strategies within contexts of exhibition and display. Among these is the notion of ‘staging’ as a technique that amplifies or heightens, and in doing so draws attention to the very conditions of display. Rather than attempting to render exhibition environments and displays invisible or minimal in order to focus attention on the artefacts being displayed, this technique instead harnesses the power of exaggeration to highlight the situation of the exhibition itself. Related to this is the idea of scenography as a practice that is intentionally concerned with the ‘inauthentic’. Scenography produces fictive, imagined worlds, renders other places in the here and now, and highlights its own construction and artifice. Yet the act of simulation can also offer a critical perspective (see Brejzek 2011, 4). Rachel Hann builds on Brejzek’s identification of scenography’s otherness (2011, 5), arguing that scenography demarcates space as other than everyday (Hann 2019). In this strategy, fictive, illusory, excessive environments become devices for defamiliarization. Another common thread in the articles within this special double issue is the sense that scenography plays a key role in shaping the temporal unfolding of space in exhibitions – what a number of contributors have referred to as spatial dramaturgy. Though all spatial and visitor experi
我们很高兴地介绍这个特别的双刊,它关注的是舞台设计如何在展览环境中运作。我们对这个话题的兴趣已经发展了一段时间了。2018年,我们为英国戏剧与表演研究协会(TaPRA)舞台设计工作组与Kathrine Sandys和V&A博物馆共同举办了一场题为“展览与博物馆中的舞台设计”的研讨会。研讨会包括了许多在展览和表演设计的学科背景下工作的实践者和理论家的演讲——事实上,对这个话题的兴趣如此之大,以至于我们缩短了所有演讲的长度,以便容纳更多的论文。从那时起,尽管这一领域开始出现更多的学术研究(Dechelle 2018;Mehzoud 2019),我们认为仍然需要对展览设计中的场景进行更广泛的研究。这一期特别的双刊是满足这种需求的一个步骤。我们很高兴为您提供由国际撰稿人撰写的专题文章。他们从历史文化、艺术批评、设计和策展实践中带来了一系列的观点,或者是这些的结合。作者的不同观点相互联系,围绕展览的举办形成了多维的话语。他们的论点和观察阐明了场景和戏剧方法如何被用于创造其中一位贡献者Pamela Bianchi所描述的“展览想象”。我们已经确定了一些新兴的主题,即在展览和展示的背景下,组装的文章如何阐明一套场景策略。其中,“舞台”的概念是一种放大或强化的技术,并以此吸引人们对展示条件的关注。这种手法不是试图将展览环境和展品渲染得不可见或最小化,以便将注意力集中在展出的文物上,而是利用夸张的力量来突出展览本身的情况。与此相关的是,作为一种有意关注“不真实”的实践的场景设计理念。舞台艺术产生了虚构的、想象的世界,呈现了此时此地的其他地方,并突出了它自己的结构和技巧。然而,模拟行为也可以提供一个批判性的视角(见Brejzek 2011, 4)。蕾切尔·汉恩(Rachel Hann)以Brejzek对场景的他者性的认同为基础(2011,5),认为场景将空间划分为日常之外的空间(Hann 2019)。在这种策略中,虚构的、虚幻的、过度的环境成为陌生化的工具。在这个特殊的双刊中,文章的另一个共同点是,场景学在塑造展览空间的时间展开方面起着关键作用——许多贡献者称之为空间戏剧。虽然所有的空间和游客体验设计学科无疑都涉及到寻路和交通的考虑,但场景设计为这些活动带来了独特的方法。当舞台设计在引导观众穿越空间时,它不仅仅是关于从一个空间移动到另一个空间,而是关于创造空间条件来进行表演
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引用次数: 0
Contesting marginalization: diorama and tribal museum 对抗边缘化:立体模型和部落博物馆
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/23322551.2022.2089964
Nandini Kalita
ABSTRACT Many scholars have highlighted the role of scenographic strategies in transforming the ways in which museums display their content. In the course of this article, I want to focus on the use of dioramas in tribal museum display and their role in shaping the expectations and opinions of the visitor. This type of scenographic installation has been used in many museums in India devoted to showcasing the way of life of various tribes residing across the subcontinent. These museums were originally established in order to safeguard and promote the culture of tribal peoples who often find themselves marginalized in mainstream society and many contain life-size dioramas depicting scenes of everyday tribal life. The idea behind the installation of these dioramas is that they increased awareness among the general public about the specificities of the culture of different tribes. However, questions remain as to whether these scenographic installations succeed in providing context for the visitor to better understand the ideals and values of tribal life or whether they compound stereotypes. In this article I will look at the use of dioramas in different tribal museums across India and other parts of the world, but I will primarily focus on the dioramas in a tribal museum located in Delhi.
许多学者都强调了场景策略在改变博物馆展示内容方式方面的作用。在这篇文章的过程中,我想把重点放在部落博物馆展示中立体模型的使用,以及它们在塑造游客的期望和观点方面的作用。这种类型的场景装置已经在印度的许多博物馆中使用,致力于展示居住在次大陆各地的各种部落的生活方式。这些博物馆最初是为了保护和促进部落人民的文化而建立的,这些部落人民经常发现自己被主流社会边缘化,许多博物馆都有真人大小的立体模型,描绘了部落日常生活的场景。安装这些立体模型背后的想法是,它们提高了公众对不同部落文化特殊性的认识。然而,这些场景装置是否成功地为参观者提供了更好地理解部落生活的理想和价值观的背景,或者它们是否加剧了刻板印象,这些问题仍然存在。在这篇文章中,我将看看在印度和世界其他地区的不同部落博物馆中使用的立体模型,但我将主要关注位于德里的部落博物馆的立体模型。
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引用次数: 0
From Domo de Eŭropa Historio en Ekzilo to the museum of human-hunting: from scenography to scenographics in the work of Thomas Bellinck
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/23322551.2022.2082695
Jasper Delbecke
ABSTRACT This article explores how Belgian theatre maker Thomas Bellinck turns the scenography of an exhibition into a critical framework to examine the politics of memory and representation at play on the European continent. In his projects, Bellinck plays with conventional modes of displaying and exhibiting to challenge the current course of the European Union (as in Domo de Eŭropa Historio en Ekzilo) and question how the EU copes with migratory movements (as in his long-term and ongoing project Simple as ABC). By exhibiting fictive artefacts through conventional modes of displaying (pedestals, display cases), or bringing these modes of display to the stage, Bellinck highlights the agency and critical potential of these ‘mere’ instruments in an exhibition. Insisting on the performativity of the infrastructure of an exhibition becomes a scenographic strategy in Bellinck’s work to mark the role of scenography in the epistemological process that comes with visiting an exhibition and the discourses an exhibition tries to convey.
本文探讨了比利时戏剧制作人托马斯·贝林克如何将一场展览的舞台布景转变为一个批判性框架,以审视欧洲大陆戏剧中的记忆和再现政治。在他的项目中,Bellinck使用传统的展示模式来挑战欧盟当前的进程(如Domo de Eŭropa Historio en Ekzilo),并质疑欧盟如何应对移民运动(如他长期和正在进行的项目Simple as ABC)。通过传统的展示模式(基座、陈列柜)或将这些展示模式带到舞台上,Bellinck强调了展览中这些“纯粹”工具的代理和关键潜力。在bellink的作品中,坚持展览基础设施的表演性成为了一种场景学策略,以标记场景学在认识论过程中的作用,这一认识论过程伴随着参观展览和展览试图传达的话语。
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引用次数: 0
Architecture, theater, and fantasy: Bibiena drawings from the Jules Fisher Collection 建筑,戏剧和幻想:朱尔斯·费舍尔收藏的Bibiena绘画
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/23322551.2022.2063503
P. Thielman
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引用次数: 0
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Theatre and Performance Design
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