Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1177/2057150X231188538
Tingjiang Li, Jingyi Huang, Yinghong Xiong
The practice of bride price payment has a longstanding history in China and has become a customary procedure by which men are able to get married. Despite attracting significant research attention due to the escalating bride price amount, few studies have focused on its impact on marriage quality. Using data from the 2020 Beijing and Chengdu Household Survey, this study examined how the bride price amount affects women's marital quality, including marital happiness, marital relationship quality, and exposure to domestic violence, based on three theoretical perspectives: marriage repayment theory, marriage endowment theory, and marriage signal theory. The study also incorporated interaction terms to investigate potential differences in the effects of bride price on women's marital quality between urban and rural areas. The results indicate that the current bride price practice is more aligned with the marriage endowment theory and has a statistically significant positive effect on urban women's marital happiness and relationship quality, but no effect was observed in rural areas. The influence of the bride price amount on the frequency of domestic violence against women also varied between urban and rural areas. Because men in rural areas face a disadvantage in the marriage market and there is a scarcity of available women, they are less likely to resort to domestic violence to manage marital conflicts when paying a higher bride price.
{"title":"The influence of bride price on the marriage quality of Chinese women and its differences between urban and rural areas","authors":"Tingjiang Li, Jingyi Huang, Yinghong Xiong","doi":"10.1177/2057150X231188538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150X231188538","url":null,"abstract":"The practice of bride price payment has a longstanding history in China and has become a customary procedure by which men are able to get married. Despite attracting significant research attention due to the escalating bride price amount, few studies have focused on its impact on marriage quality. Using data from the 2020 Beijing and Chengdu Household Survey, this study examined how the bride price amount affects women's marital quality, including marital happiness, marital relationship quality, and exposure to domestic violence, based on three theoretical perspectives: marriage repayment theory, marriage endowment theory, and marriage signal theory. The study also incorporated interaction terms to investigate potential differences in the effects of bride price on women's marital quality between urban and rural areas. The results indicate that the current bride price practice is more aligned with the marriage endowment theory and has a statistically significant positive effect on urban women's marital happiness and relationship quality, but no effect was observed in rural areas. The influence of the bride price amount on the frequency of domestic violence against women also varied between urban and rural areas. Because men in rural areas face a disadvantage in the marriage market and there is a scarcity of available women, they are less likely to resort to domestic violence to manage marital conflicts when paying a higher bride price.","PeriodicalId":37302,"journal":{"name":"社会","volume":"9 1","pages":"355 - 374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43802979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1177/2057150X231180022
Xiaoling Shu, Jingjing Chen, Yifei Zhu
This paper analyzes the intersection of individual lives and historical context by examining how cohort membership, historical conditions, and individual maturation influence subjective well-being in urban China. We use cross-classified multilevel models and repeated measures of happiness from seven waves of the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS 2003–2013, N = 43,308). The results indicate that individuals born between 1956 and 1961 experienced setbacks at various pivotal moments throughout their life, including education, employment, economic stability, and social connections, and this cohort reports a lower overall sense of happiness when compared to other cohorts. The effect of aging on happiness comprises a U-shaped pattern; the middle-aged are the least happy. We observe an upward trend in happiness from 2003 to 2013. These results are confirmed by using subjective socioeconomic status (SES) as an alternative measure of well-being from CGSS 2003 and CGSS 2005 (N = 11,992). This paper contributes to studies of market transition by identifying the birth cohort as an important mechanism of inequality. It also augments the life-course paradigm by highlighting the significance of timing when individual lives intersect with historical context.
本文通过考察群体成员、历史条件和个体成熟度对中国城市主观幸福感的影响，分析了个体生活与历史背景的交集。我们使用交叉分类多层次模型，并从中国综合社会调查(CGSS 2003-2013, N = 43,308)的七波中重复测量幸福。结果表明，1956年至1961年之间出生的人在一生中经历了各种关键时刻的挫折，包括教育、就业、经济稳定和社会关系，与其他人群相比，这一群体报告的整体幸福感较低。年龄增长对幸福感的影响呈u型;中年人是最不快乐的。从2003年到2013年，我们观察到幸福感呈上升趋势。这些结果通过使用主观社会经济地位(SES)作为幸福感的替代衡量标准得到了CGSS 2003和CGSS 2005 (N = 11,992)的证实。本文将出生队列确定为不平等的重要机制，有助于市场转型的研究。它还通过强调个人生活与历史背景相交时时间的重要性，增强了生命历程范式。
{"title":"Changing times and subjective well-being in urban China 2003–2013: An age-period-cohort approach","authors":"Xiaoling Shu, Jingjing Chen, Yifei Zhu","doi":"10.1177/2057150X231180022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150X231180022","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the intersection of individual lives and historical context by examining how cohort membership, historical conditions, and individual maturation influence subjective well-being in urban China. We use cross-classified multilevel models and repeated measures of happiness from seven waves of the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS 2003–2013, N = 43,308). The results indicate that individuals born between 1956 and 1961 experienced setbacks at various pivotal moments throughout their life, including education, employment, economic stability, and social connections, and this cohort reports a lower overall sense of happiness when compared to other cohorts. The effect of aging on happiness comprises a U-shaped pattern; the middle-aged are the least happy. We observe an upward trend in happiness from 2003 to 2013. These results are confirmed by using subjective socioeconomic status (SES) as an alternative measure of well-being from CGSS 2003 and CGSS 2005 (N = 11,992). This paper contributes to studies of market transition by identifying the birth cohort as an important mechanism of inequality. It also augments the life-course paradigm by highlighting the significance of timing when individual lives intersect with historical context.","PeriodicalId":37302,"journal":{"name":"社会","volume":"9 1","pages":"321 - 354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45884572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1177/2057150X231169052
Hong Zou, Zhengcheng Peng, Hongwei Xu
Son preference is a severe form of gender discrimination and can impair women's health. Drawing on retrospective data from a nationally representative sample, this life course study examines how experience of guardians’ son preference in childhood is associated with Chinese women's health in middle and older age. Using imbalanced sex ratio at birth at the prefecture level as a proxy, this study also examines the health implications of adulthood exposure to regional son preference. Our regression estimates show that childhood experience of the male guardian's son preference is associated with higher biological risks of developing systemic inflammation at the 2015 follow-up among middle-aged and older women who were disease-free at the 2011 baseline. In contrast, childhood experience of the female guardian's son preference is associated with lower risk of developing systemic inflammation or hypertension at the follow-up, conditional on being disease-free at the baseline. Adulthood exposure to stronger regional son preference is associated with higher risk of hypertension at the follow-up, independent of childhood experience of guardians’ son preference.
{"title":"Son preference and Chinese women's biological health risk in middle and older age: A life course study","authors":"Hong Zou, Zhengcheng Peng, Hongwei Xu","doi":"10.1177/2057150X231169052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150X231169052","url":null,"abstract":"Son preference is a severe form of gender discrimination and can impair women's health. Drawing on retrospective data from a nationally representative sample, this life course study examines how experience of guardians’ son preference in childhood is associated with Chinese women's health in middle and older age. Using imbalanced sex ratio at birth at the prefecture level as a proxy, this study also examines the health implications of adulthood exposure to regional son preference. Our regression estimates show that childhood experience of the male guardian's son preference is associated with higher biological risks of developing systemic inflammation at the 2015 follow-up among middle-aged and older women who were disease-free at the 2011 baseline. In contrast, childhood experience of the female guardian's son preference is associated with lower risk of developing systemic inflammation or hypertension at the follow-up, conditional on being disease-free at the baseline. Adulthood exposure to stronger regional son preference is associated with higher risk of hypertension at the follow-up, independent of childhood experience of guardians’ son preference.","PeriodicalId":37302,"journal":{"name":"社会","volume":"9 1","pages":"161 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48383239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1177/2057150X231165145
Shiyuan Li, A. Liu
This study focuses on the causal relationship between teenagers’ participation in cram schools and their emotional well-being. Our analysis is based on Chinese Education Panel Survey data (CEPS 2013–2015). We construct instrumental variables and introduce lagged variables to mitigate possible endogeneity problems. The major findings are as follows. First, the participation of socioeconomically disadvantaged teenagers in cram schools significantly exacerbates their negative emotions. Teenagers of advantaged family socioeconomic status (SES) show better ability in emotion regulation and in avoiding specific negative emotions. Second, we explore class heterogeneity in emotion regulation. Specifically, we propose a preliminary theoretical framework based on a typology of parenting styles. We conjecture that parents of different social classes may respond differently to their children's negative emotions. And for children who attend cram schools, there might be intergroup disparities in their own emotion-regulation ability by their class origins. Empirically, we carry out a counterfactual analysis to further illustrate the association between class difference in emotion regulation and that in the depressive effect of cram school participation, providing supporting evidence for our theoretical framework. In sum, our study is helpful to further our understanding of the implications of emotional health inequality which may derive from the “shadow education” system.
{"title":"Does cram school participation bring about negative emotions? Causal inference based on Chinese Education Panel Survey (CEPS) data","authors":"Shiyuan Li, A. Liu","doi":"10.1177/2057150X231165145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150X231165145","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the causal relationship between teenagers’ participation in cram schools and their emotional well-being. Our analysis is based on Chinese Education Panel Survey data (CEPS 2013–2015). We construct instrumental variables and introduce lagged variables to mitigate possible endogeneity problems. The major findings are as follows. First, the participation of socioeconomically disadvantaged teenagers in cram schools significantly exacerbates their negative emotions. Teenagers of advantaged family socioeconomic status (SES) show better ability in emotion regulation and in avoiding specific negative emotions. Second, we explore class heterogeneity in emotion regulation. Specifically, we propose a preliminary theoretical framework based on a typology of parenting styles. We conjecture that parents of different social classes may respond differently to their children's negative emotions. And for children who attend cram schools, there might be intergroup disparities in their own emotion-regulation ability by their class origins. Empirically, we carry out a counterfactual analysis to further illustrate the association between class difference in emotion regulation and that in the depressive effect of cram school participation, providing supporting evidence for our theoretical framework. In sum, our study is helpful to further our understanding of the implications of emotional health inequality which may derive from the “shadow education” system.","PeriodicalId":37302,"journal":{"name":"社会","volume":"9 1","pages":"219 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43912969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1177/2057150X231169449
Angran Li
In recent decades, with the rapid marketization of educational resources in K–12 education, private tutoring has become extremely popular in China, yet the previous research has not yet reached a consensus on the impact of private tutoring on academic outcomes, and has also overlooked the influence of individual choice under the exam-oriented educational system in China. By using data drawn from the China Education Panel Survey, this study examines the heterogeneous treatment effect of private tutoring on 8th graders’ academic performance from the perspective of individual choice. The results show that a propensity to attend private tutoring can differentiate the class disparities among middle school students in terms of individual, family, school, and other factors. Furthermore, the results indicate that private tutoring generally has limited impacts on academic achievement, net of all background factors. However, students whose propensity to attend private tutoring lies in the intermediate range tend to benefit the most from private tutoring. For both students from socioeconomically disadvantaged families with a low propensity and their advantaged counterparts with a high propensity, private tutoring has little effect on their academic performance. Sensitivity analysis further shows that the heterogeneous effects of private tutoring differs across cognitive ability, subject types, and tutoring periods. The finding has important implications for understanding the consequences of China's policy interventions in terms of reducing educational inequality.
{"title":"The marketization of educational resources and individual choice: Examining the heterogeneous treatment effect of private tutoring in middle schools","authors":"Angran Li","doi":"10.1177/2057150X231169449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150X231169449","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, with the rapid marketization of educational resources in K–12 education, private tutoring has become extremely popular in China, yet the previous research has not yet reached a consensus on the impact of private tutoring on academic outcomes, and has also overlooked the influence of individual choice under the exam-oriented educational system in China. By using data drawn from the China Education Panel Survey, this study examines the heterogeneous treatment effect of private tutoring on 8th graders’ academic performance from the perspective of individual choice. The results show that a propensity to attend private tutoring can differentiate the class disparities among middle school students in terms of individual, family, school, and other factors. Furthermore, the results indicate that private tutoring generally has limited impacts on academic achievement, net of all background factors. However, students whose propensity to attend private tutoring lies in the intermediate range tend to benefit the most from private tutoring. For both students from socioeconomically disadvantaged families with a low propensity and their advantaged counterparts with a high propensity, private tutoring has little effect on their academic performance. Sensitivity analysis further shows that the heterogeneous effects of private tutoring differs across cognitive ability, subject types, and tutoring periods. The finding has important implications for understanding the consequences of China's policy interventions in terms of reducing educational inequality.","PeriodicalId":37302,"journal":{"name":"社会","volume":"9 1","pages":"250 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45887809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1177/2057150X231169450
Qingong Wei, Jianan Zhang
The gender gap within families regarding access to educational resources is an important social determinant of gender inequality. Contradicting the conventional “preferring sons to daughters” model of household resource allocation, many studies find that Chinese families nowadays prefer to invest in girls’ after-school education. This study focuses on this empirical fact that has not been examined in depth previously, and attempts to explore its key influence mechanisms. Starting from the theoretical context of intergenerational resource allocation, the article suggests two explanatory hypotheses – “change in family gender preferences” and “divergence between mothers’ and fathers’ gender preferences” – in the analysis of the succession of intergenerational preference patterns. An analysis of the China Education Panel Survey (2013–2014) data on families with male siblings and parents with different education levels is conducted. The statistical results show robustly that the presence of brothers in the family does not negatively impact girls’ access to after-school education, that in urban families girls have a pronounced advantage over boys, and that, overall, there has been a tentative shift from “son preference” to “daughter preference” in Chinese families. In addition, under reciprocal controls, the father's increased education has no significant effect on children but a significant positive effect of the mother's increased education is observed on girls’ access to after-school education, and the latter effect is even more pronounced among younger parents, exhibiting a clear pattern of “dual preferences”. These findings, at the empirical level, reveal that the increased family utility of girls compared to boys and the enhanced status of mothers in the process of social change have driven a shift in the logic of family gender preferences.
{"title":"The predominance of investment in girls’ after-school education in China and the logic of family preferences","authors":"Qingong Wei, Jianan Zhang","doi":"10.1177/2057150X231169450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150X231169450","url":null,"abstract":"The gender gap within families regarding access to educational resources is an important social determinant of gender inequality. Contradicting the conventional “preferring sons to daughters” model of household resource allocation, many studies find that Chinese families nowadays prefer to invest in girls’ after-school education. This study focuses on this empirical fact that has not been examined in depth previously, and attempts to explore its key influence mechanisms. Starting from the theoretical context of intergenerational resource allocation, the article suggests two explanatory hypotheses – “change in family gender preferences” and “divergence between mothers’ and fathers’ gender preferences” – in the analysis of the succession of intergenerational preference patterns. An analysis of the China Education Panel Survey (2013–2014) data on families with male siblings and parents with different education levels is conducted. The statistical results show robustly that the presence of brothers in the family does not negatively impact girls’ access to after-school education, that in urban families girls have a pronounced advantage over boys, and that, overall, there has been a tentative shift from “son preference” to “daughter preference” in Chinese families. In addition, under reciprocal controls, the father's increased education has no significant effect on children but a significant positive effect of the mother's increased education is observed on girls’ access to after-school education, and the latter effect is even more pronounced among younger parents, exhibiting a clear pattern of “dual preferences”. These findings, at the empirical level, reveal that the increased family utility of girls compared to boys and the enhanced status of mothers in the process of social change have driven a shift in the logic of family gender preferences.","PeriodicalId":37302,"journal":{"name":"社会","volume":"9 1","pages":"181 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43111985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1177/2057150X231165143
Qian Zhang, Yayi Gao
Given the intense academic competition in China, we ask the question of whether the academic returns to private tutoring come at the expense of students’ mental health. This topic involves the investigation and analysis of the dual effect of private tutoring. By using China Education Panel Survey data for 2014 and 2015, this study consistently finds that although investing time in private tutoring can boost academic achievement, it has a significant negative impact on students’ mental health. With an increase in average time spent and proportional participation in tutoring at the class level, the positive effect of the time invested in after-school tutoring on academic performance continues to weaken while the negative impact on mental health is gradually enhanced for a given individual. The main triggers for the worsening of mental health are the weakening of the social comparison effect as well as the enhancement of the role stress effect and the sleep deprivation effect.
{"title":"Competition and game-playing: The academic returns and mental health costs of private tutoring","authors":"Qian Zhang, Yayi Gao","doi":"10.1177/2057150X231165143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150X231165143","url":null,"abstract":"Given the intense academic competition in China, we ask the question of whether the academic returns to private tutoring come at the expense of students’ mental health. This topic involves the investigation and analysis of the dual effect of private tutoring. By using China Education Panel Survey data for 2014 and 2015, this study consistently finds that although investing time in private tutoring can boost academic achievement, it has a significant negative impact on students’ mental health. With an increase in average time spent and proportional participation in tutoring at the class level, the positive effect of the time invested in after-school tutoring on academic performance continues to weaken while the negative impact on mental health is gradually enhanced for a given individual. The main triggers for the worsening of mental health are the weakening of the social comparison effect as well as the enhancement of the role stress effect and the sleep deprivation effect.","PeriodicalId":37302,"journal":{"name":"社会","volume":"9 1","pages":"283 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48454130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2057150X221146644
Xiaochun Huang, Li-an Zhou
In recent years, the focus of urban grassroots governance in China has experienced a fundamental change in direction from economic growth to public service and social management. Economic growth can be easily quantified, while public service and social management cannot, thus performance evaluation is largely dependent on “impression-based results”. Under such circumstances, a new mechanism of “paired competition” has been put in place to pair superior vertical lines of authority (tiao) with subordinate horizontal levels of grassroots governments (kuai) on a voluntary basis. Pairs compete with other pairs in areas of public services and social management. Paired competition can facilitate close cooperation between the tiao side and the kuai side, promote innovation, and generate quick “impression-based results”. However, the mechanism also generates negative incentives, which lead to excessive innovation and the reluctance to adopt good practices on the part of rival pairings. The case study detailed here is that of a “community analysis tool” promoted by the civil affairs bureau of “district A” in a major Chinese city. In addition to examining the organizational and operational logic of “paired competition”, this study also compared “paired competition” with the traditional methods of the “promotion tournament competition” and “special-purpose project system”.
{"title":"“Paired competition”: A new mechanism for the innovation of urban grassroots governance","authors":"Xiaochun Huang, Li-an Zhou","doi":"10.1177/2057150X221146644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150X221146644","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the focus of urban grassroots governance in China has experienced a fundamental change in direction from economic growth to public service and social management. Economic growth can be easily quantified, while public service and social management cannot, thus performance evaluation is largely dependent on “impression-based results”. Under such circumstances, a new mechanism of “paired competition” has been put in place to pair superior vertical lines of authority (tiao) with subordinate horizontal levels of grassroots governments (kuai) on a voluntary basis. Pairs compete with other pairs in areas of public services and social management. Paired competition can facilitate close cooperation between the tiao side and the kuai side, promote innovation, and generate quick “impression-based results”. However, the mechanism also generates negative incentives, which lead to excessive innovation and the reluctance to adopt good practices on the part of rival pairings. The case study detailed here is that of a “community analysis tool” promoted by the civil affairs bureau of “district A” in a major Chinese city. In addition to examining the organizational and operational logic of “paired competition”, this study also compared “paired competition” with the traditional methods of the “promotion tournament competition” and “special-purpose project system”.","PeriodicalId":37302,"journal":{"name":"社会","volume":"9 1","pages":"3 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46650257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2057150X221150141
Zhiming Sheng, Qing Zhou
Why do communities in different spatial areas display different types of governance performance? Applying the perspective of spatial theory, this paper proposes an analytical concept of “power space”. The concept refers to the distance between a community and the municipal administrative power center. Based on data drawn from the Shanghai Urban Neighborhood Survey, this study examines the variation in governance performance across communities located in different areas of the spatial structure of city power, and analyzes the causes and mechanisms underlying these differences. The study suggests that the spatial distance between the community and the center of governance power is not merely physical and geographical in nature but also social and political. We find that the distance to the center of power has a significant effect on the types of community governance performance that are easily observable, but little effect on those that are less perceptible. This reveals that power space exerts a strong effect on phenomena that can be easily recognized by higher-level officials, but not on phenomena that are less visible but nevertheless appreciated by the residents. Such a pattern can be explained by the current governance performance assessment system and incentive mechanism. Power space exerts an influence through the mechanisms of public resource allocation and governance performance benchmarks, which are equally applicable to other areas of social governance. In sum, this study contributes to the understanding of the underlying logic of grassroots social governance in contemporary China.
{"title":"Power space and governance performance: An analysis based on the Shanghai Urban Neighborhood Survey","authors":"Zhiming Sheng, Qing Zhou","doi":"10.1177/2057150X221150141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150X221150141","url":null,"abstract":"Why do communities in different spatial areas display different types of governance performance? Applying the perspective of spatial theory, this paper proposes an analytical concept of “power space”. The concept refers to the distance between a community and the municipal administrative power center. Based on data drawn from the Shanghai Urban Neighborhood Survey, this study examines the variation in governance performance across communities located in different areas of the spatial structure of city power, and analyzes the causes and mechanisms underlying these differences. The study suggests that the spatial distance between the community and the center of governance power is not merely physical and geographical in nature but also social and political. We find that the distance to the center of power has a significant effect on the types of community governance performance that are easily observable, but little effect on those that are less perceptible. This reveals that power space exerts a strong effect on phenomena that can be easily recognized by higher-level officials, but not on phenomena that are less visible but nevertheless appreciated by the residents. Such a pattern can be explained by the current governance performance assessment system and incentive mechanism. Power space exerts an influence through the mechanisms of public resource allocation and governance performance benchmarks, which are equally applicable to other areas of social governance. In sum, this study contributes to the understanding of the underlying logic of grassroots social governance in contemporary China.","PeriodicalId":37302,"journal":{"name":"社会","volume":"9 1","pages":"95 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44508920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/2057150X221146646
X. Bi, Mo Li
Based on data collected from residential aged care facility websites and the Sixth China National Population Census, this paper studies the spatial pattern of Beijing's aged care resources in the framework of spatial location of public facilities. The results show that at the township/street level, the overall distribution of public aged care resources is relatively balanced, showing positive spatial autocorrelation, while private aged care resources show partially negative spatial autocorrelation. Spatial regression analysis indicates that the dispersed and clustered distribution of private aged care resources are more sensitive to the density of local elderly population, although the distribution of two types of resources is affected by the absolute number of service objects in respective administrative areas. In short, the spatial distribution pattern of public and private aged care resources reflects the contrast between efficiency and equity in providing aging care in China, a fact that is shaped by both administrative and market forces.
{"title":"Equity versus efficiency: A spatial analysis of residential aged care resources in Beijing","authors":"X. Bi, Mo Li","doi":"10.1177/2057150X221146646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2057150X221146646","url":null,"abstract":"Based on data collected from residential aged care facility websites and the Sixth China National Population Census, this paper studies the spatial pattern of Beijing's aged care resources in the framework of spatial location of public facilities. The results show that at the township/street level, the overall distribution of public aged care resources is relatively balanced, showing positive spatial autocorrelation, while private aged care resources show partially negative spatial autocorrelation. Spatial regression analysis indicates that the dispersed and clustered distribution of private aged care resources are more sensitive to the density of local elderly population, although the distribution of two types of resources is affected by the absolute number of service objects in respective administrative areas. In short, the spatial distribution pattern of public and private aged care resources reflects the contrast between efficiency and equity in providing aging care in China, a fact that is shaped by both administrative and market forces.","PeriodicalId":37302,"journal":{"name":"社会","volume":"7 1","pages":"127 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65506803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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