V. Manganiello, A. Banterle, G. Canali, G. Gios, G. Branca, S. Galeotti, Fabrizio de Filippis, R. Zucaro
This article highlights the potential for collecting and processing territorial data in order to facilitate planning and programming that respond to real local problems and include the political and regulatory framework in force. A case study is explored that involves the joint use of two databases with institutional functions: the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) and the National Information System for Water Management in Agriculture (SIGRIAN). Both databases are managed by the Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA). Those data were used to calculate economic-structural indicators for irrigated and livestock farms located in the Po River Basin District and to run the socioeconomic analysis required to update the Water Management Plan. The updating of plans is governed by the Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC), which establishes the community framework for water and requires all Member States to review and update their Plan every six years. The first update deadline was December 2015 and the second one will be December 2021. The integrated use of two databases made it possible to identify farms according to two types of irrigation: collective or self-supplied. With collective irrigation (Irrigation Water Service), the farm is a user of a Local Agency for Water Management (LAWM) that collects and distributes irrigation water. With self-supplied irrigation, the individual farmers collect and distribute water themself. The analysis carried out demonstrates the need and opportunity to develop coordinated data collection and management systems, thereby strengthening and refining the monitoring and programming of water use in line with the real needs of the territory.
{"title":"Economic characterization of irrigated and livestock farms in The Po River Basin District","authors":"V. Manganiello, A. Banterle, G. Canali, G. Gios, G. Branca, S. Galeotti, Fabrizio de Filippis, R. Zucaro","doi":"10.3280/ecag2021oa12773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa12773","url":null,"abstract":"This article highlights the potential for collecting and processing territorial data in order to facilitate planning and programming that respond to real local problems and include the political and regulatory framework in force. A case study is explored that involves the joint use of two databases with institutional functions: the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) and the National Information System for Water Management in Agriculture (SIGRIAN). Both databases are managed by the Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA). Those data were used to calculate economic-structural indicators for irrigated and livestock farms located in the Po River Basin District and to run the socioeconomic analysis required to update the Water Management Plan. The updating of plans is governed by the Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC), which establishes the community framework for water and requires all Member States to review and update their Plan every six years. The first update deadline was December 2015 and the second one will be December 2021. The integrated use of two databases made it possible to identify farms according to two types of irrigation: collective or self-supplied. With collective irrigation (Irrigation Water Service), the farm is a user of a Local Agency for Water Management (LAWM) that collects and distributes irrigation water. With self-supplied irrigation, the individual farmers collect and distribute water themself. The analysis carried out demonstrates the need and opportunity to develop coordinated data collection and management systems, thereby strengthening and refining the monitoring and programming of water use in line with the real needs of the territory.","PeriodicalId":37333,"journal":{"name":"Economia Agro-Alimentare","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83510812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Water Framework Directive 2000/60/CE (WFD) of 2000 was issued by the European Union (EU) to prevent water deterioration and promote its restoration. It introduced a water pricing policy in the agricultural sector that is based on a ‘polluter-pays' principle.To date, some Member States have yet to comply with the pricing requirement for two main reasons: water cost estimates, as defined by the WFD, are particularly complex and difficult in the agricultural sector and farmers in marginal economic and environmental contexts may be unable to bear higher water costs.In Italy, water services are managed by regional administrations that also set irrigation water prices. This research estimated the effect of changes in irrigation water costs borne by farmers on farm incomes in a case study in the Aosta Valley Region where extensive farming is practice in a significantly naturallydisadvantage area. The analysis was modeled using four cost scenarios with economic data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) integrated with irrigation water cost data provided by a regional administrative database. Estimated water costs averaged 2.65% and 1.06% of farm incomes, depending on the presence or absence of regional subsidies. Water costs represented higher income proportions on specialized grazing livestock farms, which is the predominant type of farming in Aosta Valley. These results raise concerns for WFD implementation, in particular, in mountain and agriculturallydisadvantaged areas with extensive and less-profitable farming.
{"title":"Modeling change in the ratio of water irrigation costs to farm incomes under various scenarios with integrated FADN and administrative data","authors":"P. Borsotto, Francesca Moino, S. Novelli","doi":"10.3280/ecag2021oa12758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa12758","url":null,"abstract":"The Water Framework Directive 2000/60/CE (WFD) of 2000 was issued by the European Union (EU) to prevent water deterioration and promote its restoration. It introduced a water pricing policy in the agricultural sector that is based on a ‘polluter-pays' principle.To date, some Member States have yet to comply with the pricing requirement for two main reasons: water cost estimates, as defined by the WFD, are particularly complex and difficult in the agricultural sector and farmers in marginal economic and environmental contexts may be unable to bear higher water costs.In Italy, water services are managed by regional administrations that also set irrigation water prices. This research estimated the effect of changes in irrigation water costs borne by farmers on farm incomes in a case study in the Aosta Valley Region where extensive farming is practice in a significantly naturallydisadvantage area. The analysis was modeled using four cost scenarios with economic data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) integrated with irrigation water cost data provided by a regional administrative database. Estimated water costs averaged 2.65% and 1.06% of farm incomes, depending on the presence or absence of regional subsidies. Water costs represented higher income proportions on specialized grazing livestock farms, which is the predominant type of farming in Aosta Valley. These results raise concerns for WFD implementation, in particular, in mountain and agriculturallydisadvantaged areas with extensive and less-profitable farming.","PeriodicalId":37333,"journal":{"name":"Economia Agro-Alimentare","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73376019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Vaccaro, I. Agosta, Alessandro Montelelone, A. Giampaolo, Dario Macaluso
Article 19(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013 provides that business start-up aid for young farmers, non-agricultural activities in rural areas and the development of small farms shall be conditional on the submission of a business plan.Therefore, this tool, also known as Farm Development Plan (FDP), is mandatory to verify the economic improvement of an investment under sub-measures 6.1 "Business start up aid for young farmers", 4.1 "Investments in agricultural holdings" and operation 6.4.a "Investments in creation and development of non-agricultural activities" so that rural development resources can be directed towards those project ideas which are consistent with the objectives and purposes of the rural development strategy and, thanks to the support, have the highest probability of success. The article presents the lesson learned from the Sicilian experience of designing a web-based tool for FDP submission, namely "PSAWeb Sicilia". This device allowed the Managing Authority (MA) of RDP Sicily 2014-2020 to make available an FDP scheme to users in compliance with EU obligations, consistent with the objectives and purposes of the Programme, as well as with the implementing and procedural provisions of regional calls. The computerised management of the FDPs ensured better coordination between the offices responsible for verifying and evaluating the proposals, while processing and analysis of aggregated data from over 8,400 business plans provided an in-depth knowledge of the investment needs in Sicilian agriculture and a better capacity to forecast the RDP potential response as well as some aspects of specific interest to the regional agricultural system. Thanks to PSAWeb Sicilia, in fact, a large amount of data at farm, sectoral, territorial and type of investment level was collected providing information of inestimable value not available from other data sources. The assessment of access requirements in terms of farms' economic size, economic-financial viability and profitability was ensured by borrowing principles and procedures from the Italian FADN. The cooperation between the MA and CREA-PB achieved several results. Firstly, the data collected combined with the monitoring data have been made available for the evaluation activity and for the communication to the public of the RDP implementation. This information will also be very useful both for better targeting interventions in 2021-22 and for reprogramming them in the future cap. Finally, as a positive externality, the use of the application has contributed to increasing accounting knowledge among operators and technicians in the agricultural sector, so that it has become a teaching tool in some university courses.
法规(EU) No 1305/2013第19(4)条规定，为青年农民提供创业援助，农村地区的非农业活动和小农场的发展应以提交商业计划为条件。因此，这一工具，也被称为农场发展计划(FDP)，是强制性的，用于验证子措施6.1“青年农民创业援助”、4.1“农业控股投资”和6.4操作下投资的经济改善。a .“在创造和发展非农业活动方面的投资”，以便农村发展资源可以用于符合农村发展战略的目标和宗旨的项目构想，并且由于得到支持，成功的可能性最大。本文介绍了西西里设计一个基于网络的FDP提交工具的经验教训，即“PSAWeb Sicilia”。该装置允许RDP西西里岛2014-2020管理机构(MA)根据欧盟义务，与计划的目标和宗旨以及区域呼叫的实施和程序规定相一致，向用户提供FDP计划。fdp的计算机化管理确保了负责核实和评估提案的办事处之间更好的协调，同时处理和分析来自8,400多个商业计划的汇总数据，提供了对西西里农业投资需求的深入了解，并提高了预测RDP潜在反应以及区域农业系统特定利益某些方面的能力。事实上，由于PSAWeb Sicilia，在农场、部门、领土和投资类型层面收集了大量数据，提供了从其他数据源无法获得的不可估量价值的信息。根据农场的经济规模、经济财政可行性和盈利能力来评估准入要求，是通过借鉴意大利农农局的原则和程序来确保的。MA与CREA-PB的合作取得了若干成果。首先，将收集到的数据与监测数据结合起来，提供给评价活动和向公众通报RDP执行情况。这些信息对于2021- 2022年更好地针对干预措施以及在未来的cap中对其进行重新编程也非常有用。最后，作为积极的外部性，该应用程序的使用有助于增加农业部门操作员和技术人员的会计知识，因此它已成为一些大学课程的教学工具。
{"title":"The use of FADN methodology to support the evaluation of business development plans in the RDP Sicily 2014-2020","authors":"A. Vaccaro, I. Agosta, Alessandro Montelelone, A. Giampaolo, Dario Macaluso","doi":"10.3280/ecag2021oa13149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa13149","url":null,"abstract":"Article 19(4) of Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013 provides that business start-up aid for young farmers, non-agricultural activities in rural areas and the development of small farms shall be conditional on the submission of a business plan.Therefore, this tool, also known as Farm Development Plan (FDP), is mandatory to verify the economic improvement of an investment under sub-measures 6.1 \"Business start up aid for young farmers\", 4.1 \"Investments in agricultural holdings\" and operation 6.4.a \"Investments in creation and development of non-agricultural activities\" so that rural development resources can be directed towards those project ideas which are consistent with the objectives and purposes of the rural development strategy and, thanks to the support, have the highest probability of success. The article presents the lesson learned from the Sicilian experience of designing a web-based tool for FDP submission, namely \"PSAWeb Sicilia\". This device allowed the Managing Authority (MA) of RDP Sicily 2014-2020 to make available an FDP scheme to users in compliance with EU obligations, consistent with the objectives and purposes of the Programme, as well as with the implementing and procedural provisions of regional calls. The computerised management of the FDPs ensured better coordination between the offices responsible for verifying and evaluating the proposals, while processing and analysis of aggregated data from over 8,400 business plans provided an in-depth knowledge of the investment needs in Sicilian agriculture and a better capacity to forecast the RDP potential response as well as some aspects of specific interest to the regional agricultural system. Thanks to PSAWeb Sicilia, in fact, a large amount of data at farm, sectoral, territorial and type of investment level was collected providing information of inestimable value not available from other data sources. The assessment of access requirements in terms of farms' economic size, economic-financial viability and profitability was ensured by borrowing principles and procedures from the Italian FADN. The cooperation between the MA and CREA-PB achieved several results. Firstly, the data collected combined with the monitoring data have been made available for the evaluation activity and for the communication to the public of the RDP implementation. This information will also be very useful both for better targeting interventions in 2021-22 and for reprogramming them in the future cap. Finally, as a positive externality, the use of the application has contributed to increasing accounting knowledge among operators and technicians in the agricultural sector, so that it has become a teaching tool in some university courses.","PeriodicalId":37333,"journal":{"name":"Economia Agro-Alimentare","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86095452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present analysis looks into the issue of mapping information contained in the fadn database aimed at finding a methodology useful as a preliminary analysis to data extraction.To the purpose the concept of data granularity has been introduced. The method has been used to perform a farm-based analysis, revealing a wide heterogeneity of factors and levels that show the existence of specific data ‘patches'. The work proved to be able to increase awareness regarding effective data availability as a preliminary analysis to queries performed on relational data-bases which are not designed from a systems basis, and that can be considered valid for any survey-supplied data.
{"title":"Mapping data granularity: The case of FADN","authors":"C. Cardillo, G. Vitali","doi":"10.3280/ecag2021oa12760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa12760","url":null,"abstract":"The present analysis looks into the issue of mapping information contained in the fadn database aimed at finding a methodology useful as a preliminary analysis to data extraction.To the purpose the concept of data granularity has been introduced. The method has been used to perform a farm-based analysis, revealing a wide heterogeneity of factors and levels that show the existence of specific data ‘patches'. The work proved to be able to increase awareness regarding effective data availability as a preliminary analysis to queries performed on relational data-bases which are not designed from a systems basis, and that can be considered valid for any survey-supplied data.","PeriodicalId":37333,"journal":{"name":"Economia Agro-Alimentare","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90718637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents the results of an ex-ante evaluation exercise on the financial instruments adopted under the rural development policy. Using fad n data, during a ten-year time span, the study estimates the investments and their financial covertures made by a sample of farms in the Abruzzo region.The balance sheets of the farms were analysed in order to quantify the investments made by the farms in one year and the related financial coverage. The main results show that the propensity to invest is, on average, of 0.27 and it varies according to the characteristics of the farms; while on average 90% of farm investment value is self-financed. These results provided some interesting policy implications, highlighting either or both, a latent need for farms for external financial funds and/or an ineffective financial management of the business activity.
{"title":"Investments financing at farm level: A regional assessment using FADN data","authors":"F. Carillo, F. Licciardo, Eugenio Corazza","doi":"10.3280/ecag2021oa12777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa12777","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of an ex-ante evaluation exercise on the financial instruments adopted under the rural development policy. Using fad n data, during a ten-year time span, the study estimates the investments and their financial covertures made by a sample of farms in the Abruzzo region.The balance sheets of the farms were analysed in order to quantify the investments made by the farms in one year and the related financial coverage. The main results show that the propensity to invest is, on average, of 0.27 and it varies according to the characteristics of the farms; while on average 90% of farm investment value is self-financed. These results provided some interesting policy implications, highlighting either or both, a latent need for farms for external financial funds and/or an ineffective financial management of the business activity.","PeriodicalId":37333,"journal":{"name":"Economia Agro-Alimentare","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84046910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents an innovative approach to cropping scheme classification based on fad n data with two main goals. First, the identification at the regional level (NUTS 2) of land use patterns common to similar farms defined ‘group cropping scheme'. Second, the farm-level construction of farm cropping schemes, which expand the observed crop mix and identify suitable variation ranges considering the farm production context. The schemes are based on the observed behaviour of homogeneous farms and capture their common structural characteristics regarding land use.The schemes can be used at the territorial scale to analyse landuse trends and patterns over time. At the farm level, the method is designed to analyse short-term adaptations and is suitable to be used, together with other data, in mathematical programming models to run policy analysis exercises. At this latter scale, crop substitution within a scheme allows the set of eligible crops to be expanded while remaining linked to the observed behaviour on a spatial basis.The paper applies the methodology to identify and quantify the cropping schemes using FADN data on Italian farms specialising in annual field crops. An algorithm implemented in gams automates the process. Results confirm the validity of the method and open a field of research for future applications.
{"title":"Generating cropping schemes from FADN data at the farm and territorial scale","authors":"G. Bazzani, R. Spadoni","doi":"10.3280/ecag2021oa12755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa12755","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an innovative approach to cropping scheme classification based on fad n data with two main goals. First, the identification at the regional level (NUTS 2) of land use patterns common to similar farms defined ‘group cropping scheme'. Second, the farm-level construction of farm cropping schemes, which expand the observed crop mix and identify suitable variation ranges considering the farm production context. The schemes are based on the observed behaviour of homogeneous farms and capture their common structural characteristics regarding land use.The schemes can be used at the territorial scale to analyse landuse trends and patterns over time. At the farm level, the method is designed to analyse short-term adaptations and is suitable to be used, together with other data, in mathematical programming models to run policy analysis exercises. At this latter scale, crop substitution within a scheme allows the set of eligible crops to be expanded while remaining linked to the observed behaviour on a spatial basis.The paper applies the methodology to identify and quantify the cropping schemes using FADN data on Italian farms specialising in annual field crops. An algorithm implemented in gams automates the process. Results confirm the validity of the method and open a field of research for future applications.","PeriodicalId":37333,"journal":{"name":"Economia Agro-Alimentare","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85310633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to highlight the potential of a FADN additional survey when payment for organic farming is to be calculated in the rural development decision-making process. In fact, the number of organic farms included in the FADN is often too low to provide consistent results. The analysis is based on a direct survey conducted on a larger number of farms than those included in the FADN continuous sample, considering the organic grape-growing farms. The estimate of the appropriate support payments (amount per hectare) is based on the gross margin methodology which allows additional costs and income foregone at micro-level to be highlighted. The method uses the partial balance sheet of a single crop processing to compare costs and revenues of organic and conventional grape-growing farms and considering both certification and transaction costs.
{"title":"FADN data to support policymaking: The potential of an additional survey","authors":"F. Cisilino, G. Zilli, Gabriele Zanuttig","doi":"10.3280/ecag2021oa12756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa12756","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to highlight the potential of a FADN additional survey when payment for organic farming is to be calculated in the rural development decision-making process. In fact, the number of organic farms included in the FADN is often too low to provide consistent results. The analysis is based on a direct survey conducted on a larger number of farms than those included in the FADN continuous sample, considering the organic grape-growing farms. The estimate of the appropriate support payments (amount per hectare) is based on the gross margin methodology which allows additional costs and income foregone at micro-level to be highlighted. The method uses the partial balance sheet of a single crop processing to compare costs and revenues of organic and conventional grape-growing farms and considering both certification and transaction costs.","PeriodicalId":37333,"journal":{"name":"Economia Agro-Alimentare","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74915794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romanian agriculture is characterised by the presence of small farm enterprises, with an average value of land capital of less than 5 hectares in more than 95% of cases. The aim of this research was to assess the level of technical efficiency in farming through a non-parametric approach such as the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and also to estimate the impact that financial subsidies allocated under the first and second pillars of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) have had on the technical efficiency. In the application of this analysis, these two inputs have been considered as environmental variables in order to evaluate their effect in fostering the technical efficiency using a two-stage dea method. The results have revealed the pivotal impact of financial subsidies disbursed through the first and second pillars of cap in enhancing technical efficiency in the Romanian farms included in the fadn dataset. In contrast, the subsidies disbursed under only the second pillar of the CAP in the framework of rural development have not been found to have had any discernible effect on the technical efficiency of Romanian farms. The novelty of this quantitative approach in the estimation of technical efficiency lies in its focus on the role of environmental variables as drivers in affecting the technical efficiency of farms, defining, in addition, how important they are in addressing efficiency and in shifting enhancing the function of technical efficiency on farms as well.Some conclusions were drawn: it is important to increase the endowment of subsidies for rural development and as well as decoupled payments in order to raise the level of technical efficiency in Romanian farms. At the same time, the findings suggest the need for Romanian farmers to reduce the level of certain inputs, such as labour, on the one hand, while on the other, increasing the dimension size of farms in terms of land capital and encouraging greater investment in labor-saving technology, even if significant imbalances remain between different Romanian regions, both in terms of the level of technical efficiency achieved and also in terms of output yield, and in the endowment of land capital and other assets.
{"title":"Estimation of the impact of CAP subsidies as environmental variables on Romanian farms","authors":"N. Galluzzo","doi":"10.3280/ecag2021oa12772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa12772","url":null,"abstract":"Romanian agriculture is characterised by the presence of small farm enterprises, with an average value of land capital of less than 5 hectares in more than 95% of cases. The aim of this research was to assess the level of technical efficiency in farming through a non-parametric approach such as the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and also to estimate the impact that financial subsidies allocated under the first and second pillars of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) have had on the technical efficiency. In the application of this analysis, these two inputs have been considered as environmental variables in order to evaluate their effect in fostering the technical efficiency using a two-stage dea method. The results have revealed the pivotal impact of financial subsidies disbursed through the first and second pillars of cap in enhancing technical efficiency in the Romanian farms included in the fadn dataset. In contrast, the subsidies disbursed under only the second pillar of the CAP in the framework of rural development have not been found to have had any discernible effect on the technical efficiency of Romanian farms. The novelty of this quantitative approach in the estimation of technical efficiency lies in its focus on the role of environmental variables as drivers in affecting the technical efficiency of farms, defining, in addition, how important they are in addressing efficiency and in shifting enhancing the function of technical efficiency on farms as well.Some conclusions were drawn: it is important to increase the endowment of subsidies for rural development and as well as decoupled payments in order to raise the level of technical efficiency in Romanian farms. At the same time, the findings suggest the need for Romanian farmers to reduce the level of certain inputs, such as labour, on the one hand, while on the other, increasing the dimension size of farms in terms of land capital and encouraging greater investment in labor-saving technology, even if significant imbalances remain between different Romanian regions, both in terms of the level of technical efficiency achieved and also in terms of output yield, and in the endowment of land capital and other assets.","PeriodicalId":37333,"journal":{"name":"Economia Agro-Alimentare","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87878015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the European Green Deal, presented in December 2019, the EU Commission aims at making Europe the world's first climate neutral continent by 2050. In this plan agriculture plays a key role and so does organic farming. The aim of this work is to assess the financial sustainability of organic farms compared to conventional ones, measuring the liquidity they generate, evaluating its adequacy and identifying the factors that influence its extent. Specifically, this study uses the Italian FADN sample, made up of 18 TFs, and measures the Free Cash Flow on Equity (FCFE) for both organic and conventional farms. The econometric analysis identifies the variables contributing to cash flow production and is based on three types of variables: structural, including the cash flow itself, relative to farm results. The analysis showed that financial sustainability is greater for organic than conventional farms, and in several cases the level reached by the former is very high especially in mixed TFs. Yet, a major part of the sustainability of organic farms is due to EU payments, mainly of the cap II type.Also, the balance of business relationships with customers and suppliers allows organic farms to increase liquidity almost as much as the total amount of public aid received. Still, this result should be supported by improving price and yield conditions, as much of the GMO is achieved with below-average value for both variables. Finally, our analytical approach can be used by Countries using the FADN to assess the situation of their agriculture and help direct policy support better.
{"title":"Financial sustainability in Italian Organic Farms: An analysis of the FADN Sample","authors":"Rebecca Buttinelli, R. Cortignani, G. Dono","doi":"10.3280/ecag2021oa12766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa12766","url":null,"abstract":"With the European Green Deal, presented in December 2019, the EU Commission aims at making Europe the world's first climate neutral continent by 2050. In this plan agriculture plays a key role and so does organic farming. The aim of this work is to assess the financial sustainability of organic farms compared to conventional ones, measuring the liquidity they generate, evaluating its adequacy and identifying the factors that influence its extent. Specifically, this study uses the Italian FADN sample, made up of 18 TFs, and measures the Free Cash Flow on Equity (FCFE) for both organic and conventional farms. The econometric analysis identifies the variables contributing to cash flow production and is based on three types of variables: structural, including the cash flow itself, relative to farm results. The analysis showed that financial sustainability is greater for organic than conventional farms, and in several cases the level reached by the former is very high especially in mixed TFs. Yet, a major part of the sustainability of organic farms is due to EU payments, mainly of the cap II type.Also, the balance of business relationships with customers and suppliers allows organic farms to increase liquidity almost as much as the total amount of public aid received. Still, this result should be supported by improving price and yield conditions, as much of the GMO is achieved with below-average value for both variables. Finally, our analytical approach can be used by Countries using the FADN to assess the situation of their agriculture and help direct policy support better.","PeriodicalId":37333,"journal":{"name":"Economia Agro-Alimentare","volume":"499 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76818526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) is a sample survey that annually gathers information from more than 80,000 European farms. Its main aim is to provide data to the EU Commission used in the assessment of farm profitability and in the evaluation of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) impacts.FADN results are also used and published nationally in almost all the Member States. The Italian fadn (named RICA - Rete Italiana di Contabilità Agricola) provides data for stakeholders and researchers, serving as an important source of information for specific analysis and meeting a wide range of policy needs.Data are stored in an online database, available for institutional users under an agreement or a formal accession request. For non-institutional users, a public Datawarehouse supplies/provides selected information already aggregated by farm type, economic size, and region. Like other surveys, FADN can be considered as a public good, whose general benefit and utility depends also on its impact on users. One way to evaluate these benefits is the identification of users, the data used and their level of satisfaction. This monitoring activity is not performed in the Italian FADN: users and usage are not always tracked and the information about their satisfaction is lacking. The paper investigates this aspect (which has been called "inherent data dissemination" for the first time, focusing on the extent and ways in which fadn is made available: the most important area of analysis covered by the data. Two instruments are examined: the FADN database online (BDR) and the request forms submitted to CREA to ask for customized tables based on a set of selected variables. The first tool has been analyzed by submitting a questionnaire to the list of users, while for the request forms, all the submissions processed during the period 2011-2020 have been examined.
农场会计数据网络(FADN)是一项抽样调查，每年收集来自8万多个欧洲农场的信息。其主要目的是为欧盟委员会提供数据，用于评估农场盈利能力和评估共同农业政策(CAP)的影响。几乎所有会员国也在全国范围内使用和公布了FADN的结果。意大利fadn(名为RICA - Rete Italiana di contabilit Agricola)为利益相关者和研究人员提供数据，是进行具体分析和满足广泛政策需求的重要信息来源。数据存储在一个在线数据库中，供机构用户根据协议或正式的加入请求使用。对于非机构用户，公共数据仓库提供/提供已按农场类型、经济规模和地区汇总的选定信息。与其他调查一样，FADN可以被视为一种公共产品，其总体利益和效用也取决于它对用户的影响。评估这些好处的一种方法是识别用户、使用的数据和他们的满意度。在意大利的FADN中没有进行这种监测活动:用户和使用情况并不总是得到跟踪，而且缺乏关于用户满意度的信息。本文首次研究了这方面(被称为“固有数据传播”)，重点关注了fadn提供的程度和方式:数据所涵盖的最重要的分析领域。审查了两种工具:FADN在线数据库(BDR)和提交给CREA的请求表格，要求根据一组选定的变量定制表格。第一个工具是通过向用户列表提交一份调查问卷来分析的，而对于请求表单，则审查了2011-2020年期间处理的所有提交。
{"title":"Use and users of FADN data in Italy","authors":"S. Marongiu, Barbara Bimbati, Mauro Santamgelo","doi":"10.3280/ecag2021oa12770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa12770","url":null,"abstract":"The Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) is a sample survey that annually gathers information from more than 80,000 European farms. Its main aim is to provide data to the EU Commission used in the assessment of farm profitability and in the evaluation of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) impacts.FADN results are also used and published nationally in almost all the Member States. The Italian fadn (named RICA - Rete Italiana di Contabilità Agricola) provides data for stakeholders and researchers, serving as an important source of information for specific analysis and meeting a wide range of policy needs.Data are stored in an online database, available for institutional users under an agreement or a formal accession request. For non-institutional users, a public Datawarehouse supplies/provides selected information already aggregated by farm type, economic size, and region. Like other surveys, FADN can be considered as a public good, whose general benefit and utility depends also on its impact on users. One way to evaluate these benefits is the identification of users, the data used and their level of satisfaction. This monitoring activity is not performed in the Italian FADN: users and usage are not always tracked and the information about their satisfaction is lacking. The paper investigates this aspect (which has been called \"inherent data dissemination\" for the first time, focusing on the extent and ways in which fadn is made available: the most important area of analysis covered by the data. Two instruments are examined: the FADN database online (BDR) and the request forms submitted to CREA to ask for customized tables based on a set of selected variables. The first tool has been analyzed by submitting a questionnaire to the list of users, while for the request forms, all the submissions processed during the period 2011-2020 have been examined.","PeriodicalId":37333,"journal":{"name":"Economia Agro-Alimentare","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79652870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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