Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-33-40
L.I. Baranov, A. Tsarev, F. Torubarov, A. Kretov, V.V. Petrova, E.V. Vasilyev, S.M. Dumansky, O.A. Tikhonova, T.M. Bulanova, M.V. Kalinina, P. Shulepov, I. Dibirgadzhiyev, A.S. Samoilov
Introduction. Digital twin. Digital twin in medicine using the example of Philips. Digital twin as an object of medical information space. Digital twin as an abstraction. Digital twin of worker of nuclear facility at the stage of pre-shift control. Conclusion.
{"title":"Digital Twin of Worker of Nuclear Facility at the Stage of Pre-Shift Control","authors":"L.I. Baranov, A. Tsarev, F. Torubarov, A. Kretov, V.V. Petrova, E.V. Vasilyev, S.M. Dumansky, O.A. Tikhonova, T.M. Bulanova, M.V. Kalinina, P. Shulepov, I. Dibirgadzhiyev, A.S. Samoilov","doi":"10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-33-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-33-40","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Digital twin. Digital twin in medicine using the example of Philips. Digital twin as an object of medical information space. Digital twin as an abstraction. Digital twin of worker of nuclear facility at the stage of pre-shift control. Conclusion.","PeriodicalId":37358,"journal":{"name":"Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety","volume":"6 10-11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139883035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-15-19
A. Chigasova, M. Pustovalova, A. Osipov, S.A. Korneva, P.S. Eremin, E. Yashkina, M. Ignatov, Y. Fedotov, N. Vorobyeva, A. N. Osipov
Aim: To study the patterns of changes in the number of foci of phosphorylated DNA double-strand break repair proteins H2AX (γH2AX) and ATM (pATM) in cultured human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 1‒48 hours after exposure to X-ray radiation at doses of 40, 80, 160 and 250 mGy. Material and methods: We used the primary culture of human MSCs, obtained from the collection of LLC “BioloT” (Russia). Cells were irradiated using a RUB RUST-M1 X-ray biological unit (Diagnostika-M LLC, Moscow, Russia) equipped with two X-ray emitters at a dose rate of 40 mGy/min (voltage of 100 kV, an anode current of 8 mA, and a 1.5 mm Al filter) and 4 °C temperature. To quantify the yield of γH2AX and pATM foci immunocytochemical staining was carried out with the use of γH2AX and pATM antibody respectively. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using the statistical software package Statistica 8.0 (StatSoft). To assess the significance of differences between samples, Student’s t-test was used. Results: It was shown that the kinetics of changes in the number of γH2AX foci after irradiation at doses of 160 and 250 mGy and low (40‒80 mGy) doses are significantly different. In contrast to the significant (50‒60 %) decrease in the number of γH2AX foci observed 6 hours after irradiation at doses of 160 and 250 mGy, after irradiation at low doses, no significant decrease in γH2AX foci was observed at this time point. Analysis of the colocalization of γH2AX foci with pATM foci indicates that the mechanisms for maintaining a high number of γH2AX foci 24‒48 hours after low-dose irradiation are ATM independent. A hypothesis has been put forward to explain the phenomenon of maintaining the number of γH2AX foci 24‒48 hours after irradiation in low doses by replicative stress caused by stimulation of proliferation against the background of hyperproduction of free radicals, resulting in additional formation of DNA double-strand breaks and phosphorylation of H2AX by ATR kinase.
{"title":"Post-Radiation Changes in The Number of Phosphorylated H2ax and Atm Protein Foci in Low Dose X-Ray Irradiated Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells","authors":"A. Chigasova, M. Pustovalova, A. Osipov, S.A. Korneva, P.S. Eremin, E. Yashkina, M. Ignatov, Y. Fedotov, N. Vorobyeva, A. N. Osipov","doi":"10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-15-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-15-19","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To study the patterns of changes in the number of foci of phosphorylated DNA double-strand break repair proteins H2AX (γH2AX) and ATM (pATM) in cultured human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) 1‒48 hours after exposure to X-ray radiation at doses of 40, 80, 160 and 250 mGy. Material and methods: We used the primary culture of human MSCs, obtained from the collection of LLC “BioloT” (Russia). Cells were irradiated using a RUB RUST-M1 X-ray biological unit (Diagnostika-M LLC, Moscow, Russia) equipped with two X-ray emitters at a dose rate of 40 mGy/min (voltage of 100 kV, an anode current of 8 mA, and a 1.5 mm Al filter) and 4 °C temperature. To quantify the yield of γH2AX and pATM foci immunocytochemical staining was carried out with the use of γH2AX and pATM antibody respectively. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using the statistical software package Statistica 8.0 (StatSoft). To assess the significance of differences between samples, Student’s t-test was used. Results: It was shown that the kinetics of changes in the number of γH2AX foci after irradiation at doses of 160 and 250 mGy and low (40‒80 mGy) doses are significantly different. In contrast to the significant (50‒60 %) decrease in the number of γH2AX foci observed 6 hours after irradiation at doses of 160 and 250 mGy, after irradiation at low doses, no significant decrease in γH2AX foci was observed at this time point. Analysis of the colocalization of γH2AX foci with pATM foci indicates that the mechanisms for maintaining a high number of γH2AX foci 24‒48 hours after low-dose irradiation are ATM independent. A hypothesis has been put forward to explain the phenomenon of maintaining the number of γH2AX foci 24‒48 hours after irradiation in low doses by replicative stress caused by stimulation of proliferation against the background of hyperproduction of free radicals, resulting in additional formation of DNA double-strand breaks and phosphorylation of H2AX by ATR kinase.","PeriodicalId":37358,"journal":{"name":"Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety","volume":"399 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139830812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-92-104
S. Sypko, G. Bobov, V.E. Vvedensky, A. Nazarenkova
Purpose: Conducted research was aimed at studying of microdistribution of 239Pu particles in liver tissues of former MAYAK PA workers. Current research is a continuation of studies of microdistribution of 239Pu particles in lung tissues of former MAYAK PA workers that were conducted earlier and published. Material and methods: Neutron-induced track method was utilized for studying the distribution of sizes of 239Pu nanoparticles. At Southern Urals Biophysics Institute this method was improved, optimized and adapted for studying of plutonium microdistribution in biological tissues. Liver samples studying started in 2020. Samples were chosen from Radiobiology Human Tissue Repository SUBI. Liver samples from Voronezh regional pathology and anatomical bureau and Tobolsk regional hospital #3 were obtained within the search of contemporary liver tissues. Application of liver samples on track detectors and their assembling into plastic box for following irradiation in nuclear reactor at Joint stock company “Institute of Nuclear Materials” was provided similarly to lung samples. Standart pathohistological techniqes were applied. The thickness of liver slides was 5 micrometers. Basic track count was conducted on the results of 36-minute etching. Single tracks and stars were counted. Stars with high density of tracks that exceeded counting abilities were counted on the results of 9-minute etching either directly (if all tracks were distinct) or in accordance with patent for invention RU 2733491 C2 that enables to calculate the number of tracks in a star by distinct peripheral tracks. Results: This study quantitatively compares 239Pu microdistribution in liver of three deceased former Mayak PA workers who were exposed to 239Pu by inhalation and three deceased subjects who had been never employed at Mayak PA (from Ozyorsk, Voronezh, Tobolsk). The comparison is made utilizing neutron-activation method of measurement. The results are compared to the results of less-sensitive autoradiographic method. The study demonstrated that the most of 239Pu activity in liver is concentrated in liver lobules. 239PuO2 nanoparticles found didn’t exceed the size of 20 nm. Track density for three liver samples of subjects who had been never employed at Mayak PA differed for less than two times.
{"title":"Study of 239Pu Microdistribution in Liver of Mayak Workers Using Neutron-Activated Measurement Method","authors":"S. Sypko, G. Bobov, V.E. Vvedensky, A. Nazarenkova","doi":"10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-92-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-92-104","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Conducted research was aimed at studying of microdistribution of 239Pu particles in liver tissues of former MAYAK PA workers. Current research is a continuation of studies of microdistribution of 239Pu particles in lung tissues of former MAYAK PA workers that were conducted earlier and published. Material and methods: Neutron-induced track method was utilized for studying the distribution of sizes of 239Pu nanoparticles. At Southern Urals Biophysics Institute this method was improved, optimized and adapted for studying of plutonium microdistribution in biological tissues. Liver samples studying started in 2020. Samples were chosen from Radiobiology Human Tissue Repository SUBI. Liver samples from Voronezh regional pathology and anatomical bureau and Tobolsk regional hospital #3 were obtained within the search of contemporary liver tissues. Application of liver samples on track detectors and their assembling into plastic box for following irradiation in nuclear reactor at Joint stock company “Institute of Nuclear Materials” was provided similarly to lung samples. Standart pathohistological techniqes were applied. The thickness of liver slides was 5 micrometers. Basic track count was conducted on the results of 36-minute etching. Single tracks and stars were counted. Stars with high density of tracks that exceeded counting abilities were counted on the results of 9-minute etching either directly (if all tracks were distinct) or in accordance with patent for invention RU 2733491 C2 that enables to calculate the number of tracks in a star by distinct peripheral tracks. Results: This study quantitatively compares 239Pu microdistribution in liver of three deceased former Mayak PA workers who were exposed to 239Pu by inhalation and three deceased subjects who had been never employed at Mayak PA (from Ozyorsk, Voronezh, Tobolsk). The comparison is made utilizing neutron-activation method of measurement. The results are compared to the results of less-sensitive autoradiographic method. The study demonstrated that the most of 239Pu activity in liver is concentrated in liver lobules. 239PuO2 nanoparticles found didn’t exceed the size of 20 nm. Track density for three liver samples of subjects who had been never employed at Mayak PA differed for less than two times.","PeriodicalId":37358,"journal":{"name":"Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety","volume":"394 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139833050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-92-104
S. Sypko, G. Bobov, V.E. Vvedensky, A. Nazarenkova
Purpose: Conducted research was aimed at studying of microdistribution of 239Pu particles in liver tissues of former MAYAK PA workers. Current research is a continuation of studies of microdistribution of 239Pu particles in lung tissues of former MAYAK PA workers that were conducted earlier and published. Material and methods: Neutron-induced track method was utilized for studying the distribution of sizes of 239Pu nanoparticles. At Southern Urals Biophysics Institute this method was improved, optimized and adapted for studying of plutonium microdistribution in biological tissues. Liver samples studying started in 2020. Samples were chosen from Radiobiology Human Tissue Repository SUBI. Liver samples from Voronezh regional pathology and anatomical bureau and Tobolsk regional hospital #3 were obtained within the search of contemporary liver tissues. Application of liver samples on track detectors and their assembling into plastic box for following irradiation in nuclear reactor at Joint stock company “Institute of Nuclear Materials” was provided similarly to lung samples. Standart pathohistological techniqes were applied. The thickness of liver slides was 5 micrometers. Basic track count was conducted on the results of 36-minute etching. Single tracks and stars were counted. Stars with high density of tracks that exceeded counting abilities were counted on the results of 9-minute etching either directly (if all tracks were distinct) or in accordance with patent for invention RU 2733491 C2 that enables to calculate the number of tracks in a star by distinct peripheral tracks. Results: This study quantitatively compares 239Pu microdistribution in liver of three deceased former Mayak PA workers who were exposed to 239Pu by inhalation and three deceased subjects who had been never employed at Mayak PA (from Ozyorsk, Voronezh, Tobolsk). The comparison is made utilizing neutron-activation method of measurement. The results are compared to the results of less-sensitive autoradiographic method. The study demonstrated that the most of 239Pu activity in liver is concentrated in liver lobules. 239PuO2 nanoparticles found didn’t exceed the size of 20 nm. Track density for three liver samples of subjects who had been never employed at Mayak PA differed for less than two times.
{"title":"Study of 239Pu Microdistribution in Liver of Mayak Workers Using Neutron-Activated Measurement Method","authors":"S. Sypko, G. Bobov, V.E. Vvedensky, A. Nazarenkova","doi":"10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-92-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-92-104","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Conducted research was aimed at studying of microdistribution of 239Pu particles in liver tissues of former MAYAK PA workers. Current research is a continuation of studies of microdistribution of 239Pu particles in lung tissues of former MAYAK PA workers that were conducted earlier and published. Material and methods: Neutron-induced track method was utilized for studying the distribution of sizes of 239Pu nanoparticles. At Southern Urals Biophysics Institute this method was improved, optimized and adapted for studying of plutonium microdistribution in biological tissues. Liver samples studying started in 2020. Samples were chosen from Radiobiology Human Tissue Repository SUBI. Liver samples from Voronezh regional pathology and anatomical bureau and Tobolsk regional hospital #3 were obtained within the search of contemporary liver tissues. Application of liver samples on track detectors and their assembling into plastic box for following irradiation in nuclear reactor at Joint stock company “Institute of Nuclear Materials” was provided similarly to lung samples. Standart pathohistological techniqes were applied. The thickness of liver slides was 5 micrometers. Basic track count was conducted on the results of 36-minute etching. Single tracks and stars were counted. Stars with high density of tracks that exceeded counting abilities were counted on the results of 9-minute etching either directly (if all tracks were distinct) or in accordance with patent for invention RU 2733491 C2 that enables to calculate the number of tracks in a star by distinct peripheral tracks. Results: This study quantitatively compares 239Pu microdistribution in liver of three deceased former Mayak PA workers who were exposed to 239Pu by inhalation and three deceased subjects who had been never employed at Mayak PA (from Ozyorsk, Voronezh, Tobolsk). The comparison is made utilizing neutron-activation method of measurement. The results are compared to the results of less-sensitive autoradiographic method. The study demonstrated that the most of 239Pu activity in liver is concentrated in liver lobules. 239PuO2 nanoparticles found didn’t exceed the size of 20 nm. Track density for three liver samples of subjects who had been never employed at Mayak PA differed for less than two times.","PeriodicalId":37358,"journal":{"name":"Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139893021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-77-82
A. Shkuratov, S. Golub, Y. Kirpichev, A. Moiseev, I. Korovin, A. Kryaneva
Purpose: To demonstrate the effectiveness of water bolus, combined with individual immobilization for the treatment of lesions in the pedal region of the foot on a patient with isolated cutaneous T-cell lymphoma lesions. Material and methods: Construction of individual immobilization devices, simultaneously functioning as a bolus, in two clinical cases of T-cell cutaneous lymphoma radiation therapy in the pedal region of the foot, along with 3D-CRT and VMAT treatment planning, accompanied by retrospective evaluation of interfractional motion. Results: The proposed methodology demonstrates the effectiveness of the individual immobilization devices in minimizing interfractional motion, as well as the benefit of the bolus effect of the device in achieving optimal dose distribution in the treatment of superficial T-cell lymphoma lesions.
目的：展示水栓治疗结合单独固定治疗足部足底病变的有效性，该患者患有孤立的皮肤 T 细胞淋巴瘤病变。材料和方法在两个T细胞皮肤淋巴瘤放射治疗足部踏板区的临床病例中，结合3D-CRT和VMAT治疗计划，构建单独的固定装置，同时发挥水栓的作用，并对间隙运动进行回顾性评估。结果：所提出的方法证明了单个固定装置在最小化间隙运动方面的有效性，以及该装置的栓剂效应在治疗浅表 T 细胞淋巴瘤病灶时实现最佳剂量分布方面的优势。
{"title":"Water Bolus Utilization for the Radiation Therapy of Patients with Isolated Superficial Lesions of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma","authors":"A. Shkuratov, S. Golub, Y. Kirpichev, A. Moiseev, I. Korovin, A. Kryaneva","doi":"10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-77-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-77-82","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To demonstrate the effectiveness of water bolus, combined with individual immobilization for the treatment of lesions in the pedal region of the foot on a patient with isolated cutaneous T-cell lymphoma lesions. Material and methods: Construction of individual immobilization devices, simultaneously functioning as a bolus, in two clinical cases of T-cell cutaneous lymphoma radiation therapy in the pedal region of the foot, along with 3D-CRT and VMAT treatment planning, accompanied by retrospective evaluation of interfractional motion. Results: The proposed methodology demonstrates the effectiveness of the individual immobilization devices in minimizing interfractional motion, as well as the benefit of the bolus effect of the device in achieving optimal dose distribution in the treatment of superficial T-cell lymphoma lesions.","PeriodicalId":37358,"journal":{"name":"Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety","volume":"86 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139892293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-67-72
G. Zhuntova, T. Azizova, M. Bannikova
Purpose: To characterize multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs) in workers occupationally chronically exposed to ionizing radiation. Material and methods: The study included 22,377 workers employed at reactors, plutonium-production plant and radiochemical plant of the Mayak Production Association (PA) who had been hired in 1948–1982. The study considered cases of MPMTs (verified with the morphological examination) that had been diagnosed in workers before 31 December 2018. The paper describes the structure and provides the comparative characteristics of synchronous and metachronous MPMTs. Results: 320 cases of MPMTs that were verified with the morphological examination were registered in the cohort: 68.4 % in males and 31.6 % in females. 3 and more malignant tumors were registered in 20 % of workers with MPMTs. MPMTs accounted for 10.5 % of total malignant tumors registered in the cohort. Synchronous MPMTs accounted for 22.8 % in males and for 18.8 % in females. 36.6 % of metachronous MPMTs were diagnosed with an interval of more than 10 years. The structure of MPMTs was dominated by tumors of digestive organs, skin, genital organs (both sexes), respiratory organs (for males), and breast (for females). As for a histological type of tumor, adenocarcinomas and basal-cell carcinomas (both sexes), squamous-cell carcinomas (for males), ductal and lobular tumors (for females) were the most frequent. Groups of workers with synchronous and metachronous MPMTs demonstrated some significant differences: synchronous MPMTs were diagnosed in later age than the primary metachronous tumor; the numbers of smokers and heavy alcohol drinkers were bigger in the group of workers with synchronous MPMTs, as well as the smoking index. Neither radiation doses nor the duration of occupational exposure at a date of diagnosis of synchronous MPMTs and a primary metachronous tumor were significantly different. Compared to the entire study cohort, the number of workers occupationally exposed at high doses was bigger in workers with MPMTs (above 1.0 Sv for external gamma-ray exposure, and above 1.0 Gy for internal alpha exposure). Conclusion: MPMTs in workers of the nuclear enterprise were characterized in relation to non-radiation and occupation-related factors. In the future it is planned to assess the impact of the occupational radiation exposure on the risk of MPMTs in workers of the study cohort considering non-radiation factors.
{"title":"Multiple Primary Malignant Tumors in Workers Chronically Exposed to Ionizing Radiation","authors":"G. Zhuntova, T. Azizova, M. Bannikova","doi":"10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-67-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-67-72","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To characterize multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs) in workers occupationally chronically exposed to ionizing radiation. Material and methods: The study included 22,377 workers employed at reactors, plutonium-production plant and radiochemical plant of the Mayak Production Association (PA) who had been hired in 1948–1982. The study considered cases of MPMTs (verified with the morphological examination) that had been diagnosed in workers before 31 December 2018. The paper describes the structure and provides the comparative characteristics of synchronous and metachronous MPMTs. Results: 320 cases of MPMTs that were verified with the morphological examination were registered in the cohort: 68.4 % in males and 31.6 % in females. 3 and more malignant tumors were registered in 20 % of workers with MPMTs. MPMTs accounted for 10.5 % of total malignant tumors registered in the cohort. Synchronous MPMTs accounted for 22.8 % in males and for 18.8 % in females. 36.6 % of metachronous MPMTs were diagnosed with an interval of more than 10 years. The structure of MPMTs was dominated by tumors of digestive organs, skin, genital organs (both sexes), respiratory organs (for males), and breast (for females). As for a histological type of tumor, adenocarcinomas and basal-cell carcinomas (both sexes), squamous-cell carcinomas (for males), ductal and lobular tumors (for females) were the most frequent. Groups of workers with synchronous and metachronous MPMTs demonstrated some significant differences: synchronous MPMTs were diagnosed in later age than the primary metachronous tumor; the numbers of smokers and heavy alcohol drinkers were bigger in the group of workers with synchronous MPMTs, as well as the smoking index. Neither radiation doses nor the duration of occupational exposure at a date of diagnosis of synchronous MPMTs and a primary metachronous tumor were significantly different. Compared to the entire study cohort, the number of workers occupationally exposed at high doses was bigger in workers with MPMTs (above 1.0 Sv for external gamma-ray exposure, and above 1.0 Gy for internal alpha exposure). Conclusion: MPMTs in workers of the nuclear enterprise were characterized in relation to non-radiation and occupation-related factors. In the future it is planned to assess the impact of the occupational radiation exposure on the risk of MPMTs in workers of the study cohort considering non-radiation factors.","PeriodicalId":37358,"journal":{"name":"Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety","volume":"180 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139825682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-41-49
A. Titov, I. Belskikh, D. Isaev, N. Shandala, T. A. Doroneva, I.I. Bogdanov, M. Semenova, A.A. Shitova, S.L. Burthev
Purpose: To study the radio-ecological situation on the “uranium legacy” site of the former Stepnaya mine in the Republic of Kalmykia. Material and methods: To measure the ambient dose equivalent rate (ADER), the pedestrian gamma survey method was used using a portable spectrometric complex MKC-01A Multirad-M and dosimeter-radiometer MKC-AT6101c. The activity of gamma-emitting radionuclides in soil samples was measured using a stationary gamma spectrometer from CANBERRA. The activities of 210Po and 210Pb were measured using a radiometric installation UMF-2000 following their radiochemical separation from samples. Short-term measurements of activity concentration (AC) and equivalent equilibrium activity concentration (EEAC) of radon were carried out with an aerosol alpha radiometer for radon and thoron RAA-20P2 Poisk. Doses of radiation exposure to biological objects were estimated using dose coefficients provided by ICRP Publication 136 taking into account recommendations R52.18.820-2015. Results: Gamma ADER values at the mine site vary over the range from 0.1 to 0.36 µSv/h, and on 80 % of the area these values do not exceed the background value of 0.14 µSv/h. Along the road from the mine to Narta village the ADER values do not exceed background values with exception of the area around the dam, where in a local part of this area of about 300 m2 these values reach 0.49 µSv/h. The specific activities of natural radionuclides in the soil are below the criteria for classification as solid radioactive waste (SRW). Under the certain weather conditions, radon EEAC inside the buildings on the site reaches 13 kBq/m3, and on the territory 1-1.5 kBq/m3. Ecological risk for the terrestrial biological objects under consideration (grass, soil worm, snake and mouse-like rodents) does not exceed 0.025. Conclusions: The radiation situation at the Stepnaya mine site meets the requirements of SP LKP-91, which were in force until 2020. However, in order to transfer the facility to a local government body, reclamation work should be carried out in accordance with the Federal Law “On the Transfer of Lands or Land Plots from One Category to Another” dated December 21, 2004 No. 172-FZ and GOST R 59057— 2020 «Environmental Protection. Lands. General Requirements for Reclamation of Affected Lands». Doses of exposure to biological objects do not impact significantly on morbidity, reproduction and life expectancy of terrestrial biological objects.
{"title":"Radio-Ecological Situation in the Area of the Uranium Legacy Site – Stepnaya Mine (Kalmykia)","authors":"A. Titov, I. Belskikh, D. Isaev, N. Shandala, T. A. Doroneva, I.I. Bogdanov, M. Semenova, A.A. Shitova, S.L. Burthev","doi":"10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-41-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-41-49","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To study the radio-ecological situation on the “uranium legacy” site of the former Stepnaya mine in the Republic of Kalmykia. Material and methods: To measure the ambient dose equivalent rate (ADER), the pedestrian gamma survey method was used using a portable spectrometric complex MKC-01A Multirad-M and dosimeter-radiometer MKC-AT6101c. The activity of gamma-emitting radionuclides in soil samples was measured using a stationary gamma spectrometer from CANBERRA. The activities of 210Po and 210Pb were measured using a radiometric installation UMF-2000 following their radiochemical separation from samples. Short-term measurements of activity concentration (AC) and equivalent equilibrium activity concentration (EEAC) of radon were carried out with an aerosol alpha radiometer for radon and thoron RAA-20P2 Poisk. Doses of radiation exposure to biological objects were estimated using dose coefficients provided by ICRP Publication 136 taking into account recommendations R52.18.820-2015. Results: Gamma ADER values at the mine site vary over the range from 0.1 to 0.36 µSv/h, and on 80 % of the area these values do not exceed the background value of 0.14 µSv/h. Along the road from the mine to Narta village the ADER values do not exceed background values with exception of the area around the dam, where in a local part of this area of about 300 m2 these values reach 0.49 µSv/h. The specific activities of natural radionuclides in the soil are below the criteria for classification as solid radioactive waste (SRW). Under the certain weather conditions, radon EEAC inside the buildings on the site reaches 13 kBq/m3, and on the territory 1-1.5 kBq/m3. Ecological risk for the terrestrial biological objects under consideration (grass, soil worm, snake and mouse-like rodents) does not exceed 0.025. Conclusions: The radiation situation at the Stepnaya mine site meets the requirements of SP LKP-91, which were in force until 2020. However, in order to transfer the facility to a local government body, reclamation work should be carried out in accordance with the Federal Law “On the Transfer of Lands or Land Plots from One Category to Another” dated December 21, 2004 No. 172-FZ and GOST R 59057— 2020 «Environmental Protection. Lands. General Requirements for Reclamation of Affected Lands». Doses of exposure to biological objects do not impact significantly on morbidity, reproduction and life expectancy of terrestrial biological objects.","PeriodicalId":37358,"journal":{"name":"Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety","volume":"668 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139820620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-33-40
L.I. Baranov, A. Tsarev, F. Torubarov, A. Kretov, V.V. Petrova, E.V. Vasilyev, S.M. Dumansky, O.A. Tikhonova, T.M. Bulanova, M.V. Kalinina, P. Shulepov, I. Dibirgadzhiyev, A.S. Samoilov
Introduction. Digital twin. Digital twin in medicine using the example of Philips. Digital twin as an object of medical information space. Digital twin as an abstraction. Digital twin of worker of nuclear facility at the stage of pre-shift control. Conclusion.
{"title":"Digital Twin of Worker of Nuclear Facility at the Stage of Pre-Shift Control","authors":"L.I. Baranov, A. Tsarev, F. Torubarov, A. Kretov, V.V. Petrova, E.V. Vasilyev, S.M. Dumansky, O.A. Tikhonova, T.M. Bulanova, M.V. Kalinina, P. Shulepov, I. Dibirgadzhiyev, A.S. Samoilov","doi":"10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-33-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-33-40","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Digital twin. Digital twin in medicine using the example of Philips. Digital twin as an object of medical information space. Digital twin as an abstraction. Digital twin of worker of nuclear facility at the stage of pre-shift control. Conclusion.","PeriodicalId":37358,"journal":{"name":"Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139822910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-67-72
G. Zhuntova, T. Azizova, M. Bannikova
Purpose: To characterize multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs) in workers occupationally chronically exposed to ionizing radiation. Material and methods: The study included 22,377 workers employed at reactors, plutonium-production plant and radiochemical plant of the Mayak Production Association (PA) who had been hired in 1948–1982. The study considered cases of MPMTs (verified with the morphological examination) that had been diagnosed in workers before 31 December 2018. The paper describes the structure and provides the comparative characteristics of synchronous and metachronous MPMTs. Results: 320 cases of MPMTs that were verified with the morphological examination were registered in the cohort: 68.4 % in males and 31.6 % in females. 3 and more malignant tumors were registered in 20 % of workers with MPMTs. MPMTs accounted for 10.5 % of total malignant tumors registered in the cohort. Synchronous MPMTs accounted for 22.8 % in males and for 18.8 % in females. 36.6 % of metachronous MPMTs were diagnosed with an interval of more than 10 years. The structure of MPMTs was dominated by tumors of digestive organs, skin, genital organs (both sexes), respiratory organs (for males), and breast (for females). As for a histological type of tumor, adenocarcinomas and basal-cell carcinomas (both sexes), squamous-cell carcinomas (for males), ductal and lobular tumors (for females) were the most frequent. Groups of workers with synchronous and metachronous MPMTs demonstrated some significant differences: synchronous MPMTs were diagnosed in later age than the primary metachronous tumor; the numbers of smokers and heavy alcohol drinkers were bigger in the group of workers with synchronous MPMTs, as well as the smoking index. Neither radiation doses nor the duration of occupational exposure at a date of diagnosis of synchronous MPMTs and a primary metachronous tumor were significantly different. Compared to the entire study cohort, the number of workers occupationally exposed at high doses was bigger in workers with MPMTs (above 1.0 Sv for external gamma-ray exposure, and above 1.0 Gy for internal alpha exposure). Conclusion: MPMTs in workers of the nuclear enterprise were characterized in relation to non-radiation and occupation-related factors. In the future it is planned to assess the impact of the occupational radiation exposure on the risk of MPMTs in workers of the study cohort considering non-radiation factors.
{"title":"Multiple Primary Malignant Tumors in Workers Chronically Exposed to Ionizing Radiation","authors":"G. Zhuntova, T. Azizova, M. Bannikova","doi":"10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-67-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-67-72","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To characterize multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs) in workers occupationally chronically exposed to ionizing radiation. Material and methods: The study included 22,377 workers employed at reactors, plutonium-production plant and radiochemical plant of the Mayak Production Association (PA) who had been hired in 1948–1982. The study considered cases of MPMTs (verified with the morphological examination) that had been diagnosed in workers before 31 December 2018. The paper describes the structure and provides the comparative characteristics of synchronous and metachronous MPMTs. Results: 320 cases of MPMTs that were verified with the morphological examination were registered in the cohort: 68.4 % in males and 31.6 % in females. 3 and more malignant tumors were registered in 20 % of workers with MPMTs. MPMTs accounted for 10.5 % of total malignant tumors registered in the cohort. Synchronous MPMTs accounted for 22.8 % in males and for 18.8 % in females. 36.6 % of metachronous MPMTs were diagnosed with an interval of more than 10 years. The structure of MPMTs was dominated by tumors of digestive organs, skin, genital organs (both sexes), respiratory organs (for males), and breast (for females). As for a histological type of tumor, adenocarcinomas and basal-cell carcinomas (both sexes), squamous-cell carcinomas (for males), ductal and lobular tumors (for females) were the most frequent. Groups of workers with synchronous and metachronous MPMTs demonstrated some significant differences: synchronous MPMTs were diagnosed in later age than the primary metachronous tumor; the numbers of smokers and heavy alcohol drinkers were bigger in the group of workers with synchronous MPMTs, as well as the smoking index. Neither radiation doses nor the duration of occupational exposure at a date of diagnosis of synchronous MPMTs and a primary metachronous tumor were significantly different. Compared to the entire study cohort, the number of workers occupationally exposed at high doses was bigger in workers with MPMTs (above 1.0 Sv for external gamma-ray exposure, and above 1.0 Gy for internal alpha exposure). Conclusion: MPMTs in workers of the nuclear enterprise were characterized in relation to non-radiation and occupation-related factors. In the future it is planned to assess the impact of the occupational radiation exposure on the risk of MPMTs in workers of the study cohort considering non-radiation factors.","PeriodicalId":37358,"journal":{"name":"Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139885489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-61-66
T.V. Vishnevskaya, D. Isubakova, M. Tsyplenkova, O. Tsymbal, I. Milto, R. M. Takhauov
Purpose: To conduct a comparative retrospective analysis of the results of cytogenetic studies of workers at facilities using ionizing radiation in 2003 and 2018. Material and methods: The material for the study was the venous blood of workers at facilities using ionizing radiation. The study was conducted on conditionally healthy workers (n = 11), of which 2 groups were formed: the control group (blood sampling and cytogenetic study of blood lymphocytes were carried out in 2003) and the study group (blood sampling was carried out in 2018). For all examined individuals, blood lymphocytes were cultured and standard cytogenetic analysis followed by statistical processing of the results. Results: A comparative retrospective analysis showed that in the study group (2018) compared to the control group (2003), the frequency of chromatid fragments was reduced (p = 0.0452). The frequencies of other types of cytogenetic disorders studied (aberrant cells, chromosomal fragments, dicentric and circular chromosomes) do not differ between groups. Cytogenetic abnormalities in blood lymphocytes are a highly sensitive measure of the degree of radiation exposure in the early and late periods after exposure and can be used as a biological indicator of ionizing radiation. The absence of differences in indicators of radiation exposure markers may be due to the large interval of time that elapsed after irradiation until the moment of examination (15 years), during which lymphocytes with chromosomal aberrations were eliminated from the blood. In the future, for the completeness of the retrospective analysis and the accuracy of the result, it is planned to conduct a study on a larger sample with a shorter time interval between cytogenetic studies. Conclusion: The result of this work allows us to supplement the understanding of the mutation process in the somatic cells of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of professional activities and indicates genotoxicity.
{"title":"Comparative Retrospective Analysis of the Results of Cytogenetic Studies of Employees of the Object of Use of Ionizing Radiation","authors":"T.V. Vishnevskaya, D. Isubakova, M. Tsyplenkova, O. Tsymbal, I. Milto, R. M. Takhauov","doi":"10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-61-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-61-66","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To conduct a comparative retrospective analysis of the results of cytogenetic studies of workers at facilities using ionizing radiation in 2003 and 2018. Material and methods: The material for the study was the venous blood of workers at facilities using ionizing radiation. The study was conducted on conditionally healthy workers (n = 11), of which 2 groups were formed: the control group (blood sampling and cytogenetic study of blood lymphocytes were carried out in 2003) and the study group (blood sampling was carried out in 2018). For all examined individuals, blood lymphocytes were cultured and standard cytogenetic analysis followed by statistical processing of the results. Results: A comparative retrospective analysis showed that in the study group (2018) compared to the control group (2003), the frequency of chromatid fragments was reduced (p = 0.0452). The frequencies of other types of cytogenetic disorders studied (aberrant cells, chromosomal fragments, dicentric and circular chromosomes) do not differ between groups. Cytogenetic abnormalities in blood lymphocytes are a highly sensitive measure of the degree of radiation exposure in the early and late periods after exposure and can be used as a biological indicator of ionizing radiation. The absence of differences in indicators of radiation exposure markers may be due to the large interval of time that elapsed after irradiation until the moment of examination (15 years), during which lymphocytes with chromosomal aberrations were eliminated from the blood. In the future, for the completeness of the retrospective analysis and the accuracy of the result, it is planned to conduct a study on a larger sample with a shorter time interval between cytogenetic studies. Conclusion: The result of this work allows us to supplement the understanding of the mutation process in the somatic cells of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of professional activities and indicates genotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":37358,"journal":{"name":"Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139818615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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