Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791442
Volodymyr Shostak, Oleksii Bondar
Present study considers distribution of currents and magnetic field in frame-type lightning protection systems (LPS). Influence of equipotentialization ring conductor (ERC) connecting vertical down-conductors at the ground level, as recommended by some normative documents, upon current distribution between mentioned conductors and magnetic field (MF) inside structures is numerically simulated. Analysis for a wide range of soils/water electrical conductivity(σg = 0.67·10-3 to 1 S/m) and various relative permittivity (εr = 4; 7; 15; 80) values is done. When one of the goals of LPS design is to achieve a uniform current distribution between down-conductors and MF reduction within structure, for large conductivities (> 0.1 S/m) the presence or absence of ERC do not make a significant difference. In case of lower conductivities (<; 4·10-3 S/m), advantages have structures without ERC.
{"title":"Influence of ring bonding at the ground level upon current distribution between down-conductors","authors":"Volodymyr Shostak, Oleksii Bondar","doi":"10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791442","url":null,"abstract":"Present study considers distribution of currents and magnetic field in frame-type lightning protection systems (LPS). Influence of equipotentialization ring conductor (ERC) connecting vertical down-conductors at the ground level, as recommended by some normative documents, upon current distribution between mentioned conductors and magnetic field (MF) inside structures is numerically simulated. Analysis for a wide range of soils/water electrical conductivity(σg = 0.67·10-3 to 1 S/m) and various relative permittivity (εr = 4; 7; 15; 80) values is done. When one of the goals of LPS design is to achieve a uniform current distribution between down-conductors and MF reduction within structure, for large conductivities (> 0.1 S/m) the presence or absence of ERC do not make a significant difference. In case of lower conductivities (<; 4·10-3 S/m), advantages have structures without ERC.","PeriodicalId":373744,"journal":{"name":"2016 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130759641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791339
F. Grange, S. Journet, Rouzbeh Moini, Farid P. Dawalibi
This article discusses the safety issues related to wind farm grounding systems. Two different cases are considered. The first case treats a wind turbine subjected to a single phase to ground fault while the second case treats a wind turbine hit by lightning. In the first case, a detailed analysis of the fault current distribution for various scenarios, is presented. A comparative study of the touch and step voltages has demonstrated that the fault conditions on HV side leads to dangerous touch and step voltages. A focus is made on the human safety regarding lightning surges. In this regard, the transient currents flowing through the legs and body are computed for two different lightning waveforms. A comparative study of these currents for the cases of a single and two turbines reveals the non-validity of one of the design criterion established in international standards.
{"title":"Safety of wind farm grounding systems under fault and lightning currents","authors":"F. Grange, S. Journet, Rouzbeh Moini, Farid P. Dawalibi","doi":"10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791339","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the safety issues related to wind farm grounding systems. Two different cases are considered. The first case treats a wind turbine subjected to a single phase to ground fault while the second case treats a wind turbine hit by lightning. In the first case, a detailed analysis of the fault current distribution for various scenarios, is presented. A comparative study of the touch and step voltages has demonstrated that the fault conditions on HV side leads to dangerous touch and step voltages. A focus is made on the human safety regarding lightning surges. In this regard, the transient currents flowing through the legs and body are computed for two different lightning waveforms. A comparative study of these currents for the cases of a single and two turbines reveals the non-validity of one of the design criterion established in international standards.","PeriodicalId":373744,"journal":{"name":"2016 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124775292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791343
N. Filipe, C. Cardoso, João Mendes, A. Leiria, D.M. Duarte, Luís Perro, M. Matos Fernandes
This paper presents a study on lightning statistics over the continental territory of Portugal during a period from 2003 to 2014, using the data collected by the national Lightning Location System. Being part of the EUCLID (European Cooperation of Lightning Detection) project, this European grid is presented and its performance validated over the European continent. With the measured and then processed data, an overall ground flash density map is built, as well as a mean peak current map. In addition, a cumulative probability distribution curve is obtain and compared to the widely used CIGRE curve, followed by the application of both curves to a case study where IEEE Flash software is used.
{"title":"A statistical study using lightning data in Portugal from a Lightning Location System","authors":"N. Filipe, C. Cardoso, João Mendes, A. Leiria, D.M. Duarte, Luís Perro, M. Matos Fernandes","doi":"10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791343","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study on lightning statistics over the continental territory of Portugal during a period from 2003 to 2014, using the data collected by the national Lightning Location System. Being part of the EUCLID (European Cooperation of Lightning Detection) project, this European grid is presented and its performance validated over the European continent. With the measured and then processed data, an overall ground flash density map is built, as well as a mean peak current map. In addition, a cumulative probability distribution curve is obtain and compared to the widely used CIGRE curve, followed by the application of both curves to a case study where IEEE Flash software is used.","PeriodicalId":373744,"journal":{"name":"2016 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126579243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791427
C. Gomes, Ashen Gomes
How is lightning protection ranked in the field of safety science? What is the general perception of the public with regard to the risk of receiving a lightning strike to their building? How do business entities manipulate the psyche of the public in upsizing financial gains? What is the true risk of public adopting lightning protection techniques that have not been included in major international standards? Is the research presented so far in condemning the lightning protection systems rejected by the scientific community, well-conducted? Is tabooing of some lightning protection technologies a productive strategy in driving the public to adopt protection systems recommended by international (IEC) standards? This paper makes comprehensive attempts to answer these questions.
{"title":"Lightning safety psyche","authors":"C. Gomes, Ashen Gomes","doi":"10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791427","url":null,"abstract":"How is lightning protection ranked in the field of safety science? What is the general perception of the public with regard to the risk of receiving a lightning strike to their building? How do business entities manipulate the psyche of the public in upsizing financial gains? What is the true risk of public adopting lightning protection techniques that have not been included in major international standards? Is the research presented so far in condemning the lightning protection systems rejected by the scientific community, well-conducted? Is tabooing of some lightning protection technologies a productive strategy in driving the public to adopt protection systems recommended by international (IEC) standards? This paper makes comprehensive attempts to answer these questions.","PeriodicalId":373744,"journal":{"name":"2016 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127045075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791371
José Cuarán, Francisco Roman, Marley Becerra
In this paper, the Self-Consisting Leader Inception and Propagation Model-SLIM- is used to analyze the shielding performance of transmission lines, with special attention on the terrain topography effect. Transverse and Longitudinal terrain profiles are considered. It is found that a transmission line can be more vulnerable to be struck by lightning on any terrain that leads to increase the height of the conductors. In addition, the striking distance to the phase conductors strongly depends on the landform and the tower geometry, which suggests changes in the current lightning protection standards.
{"title":"Lightning shielding analysis of EHV and UHV transmission lines: On the effect of terrain topography","authors":"José Cuarán, Francisco Roman, Marley Becerra","doi":"10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791371","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the Self-Consisting Leader Inception and Propagation Model-SLIM- is used to analyze the shielding performance of transmission lines, with special attention on the terrain topography effect. Transverse and Longitudinal terrain profiles are considered. It is found that a transmission line can be more vulnerable to be struck by lightning on any terrain that leads to increase the height of the conductors. In addition, the striking distance to the phase conductors strongly depends on the landform and the tower geometry, which suggests changes in the current lightning protection standards.","PeriodicalId":373744,"journal":{"name":"2016 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"43 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122944643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791486
Ming-Kit Chan, Ming-li Chen, Ya-ping Du
This paper presents a simple physical model for an upward positive leader initiated from a tall grounded object. Characteristics such as the leader channel structure, leader initiation criteria, leaded propagation speed, leader current and channel longitudinal electric field are described and modelled step-by-step. Other parameters including the evolution of leader line charge density, leader core conductance and radius, and leader corona sheath radius are also computed and evaluated. Particularly, the minimum corona sheath radius and corona charge density for leader initiation and stable propagation based on existing experiment data are proposed. The model may serve as a virtual lab to study the initiation of an upward leader at the top of a tall ground structure for tall building lightning protection analysis.
{"title":"A simple physical model for self-triggered upward leaders from high-rise buildings","authors":"Ming-Kit Chan, Ming-li Chen, Ya-ping Du","doi":"10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791486","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a simple physical model for an upward positive leader initiated from a tall grounded object. Characteristics such as the leader channel structure, leader initiation criteria, leaded propagation speed, leader current and channel longitudinal electric field are described and modelled step-by-step. Other parameters including the evolution of leader line charge density, leader core conductance and radius, and leader corona sheath radius are also computed and evaluated. Particularly, the minimum corona sheath radius and corona charge density for leader initiation and stable propagation based on existing experiment data are proposed. The model may serve as a virtual lab to study the initiation of an upward leader at the top of a tall ground structure for tall building lightning protection analysis.","PeriodicalId":373744,"journal":{"name":"2016 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121480768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791425
A. Gulyás, I. Kiss, N. Szedenik, I. Berta
The international standard on lightning protection offers a framework to describe the risk of lightning damage for a given object to be protected and offers design tools to achieve proper protection with primary or secondary protection. Although it may be useful to improve the usability of this framework by simplifying some points, there is no doubt that the notion of risk and its application is currently covered extensively in the document. However recently more and more papers discuss the use of lightning hazard forecasting in lightning protection. The notion of risk in the international standard is not yet proper to discuss the application of such solutions nor would it be safe to directly use the standard to evaluate a solution like that. This paper aims to discuss the new problem that using forecasting means as opposed to primary or secondary lightning protection. Also it suggests the use of an adaptation of the notion of risk to be able to incorporate the using of forecasting.
{"title":"Standardized risk and the use of lightning hazard forecasting","authors":"A. Gulyás, I. Kiss, N. Szedenik, I. Berta","doi":"10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791425","url":null,"abstract":"The international standard on lightning protection offers a framework to describe the risk of lightning damage for a given object to be protected and offers design tools to achieve proper protection with primary or secondary protection. Although it may be useful to improve the usability of this framework by simplifying some points, there is no doubt that the notion of risk and its application is currently covered extensively in the document. However recently more and more papers discuss the use of lightning hazard forecasting in lightning protection. The notion of risk in the international standard is not yet proper to discuss the application of such solutions nor would it be safe to directly use the standard to evaluate a solution like that. This paper aims to discuss the new problem that using forecasting means as opposed to primary or secondary lightning protection. Also it suggests the use of an adaptation of the notion of risk to be able to incorporate the using of forecasting.","PeriodicalId":373744,"journal":{"name":"2016 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116319914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791481
Daohong Wang, Shintaro Kuroda, N. Takagi
Using a high speed optical imaging system called LAPOS, we have observed the lightning attachment processes of 19 negative and 2 positive CG. We have obtained not only their stepped leader speeds and the return stroke speeds near the channel bottoms, but also their return stroke initiation heights. Most of the negative first return strokes exhibited an initiation height of 40 m or so. Return strokes with bigger peak current tend to initiate higher. For one positive first stroke, although its peak current is much larger than all the negative counterparts, its initiation height is smaller than most of the negative ones.
{"title":"Lightning attachment process parameters measured by using LAPOS","authors":"Daohong Wang, Shintaro Kuroda, N. Takagi","doi":"10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791481","url":null,"abstract":"Using a high speed optical imaging system called LAPOS, we have observed the lightning attachment processes of 19 negative and 2 positive CG. We have obtained not only their stepped leader speeds and the return stroke speeds near the channel bottoms, but also their return stroke initiation heights. Most of the negative first return strokes exhibited an initiation height of 40 m or so. Return strokes with bigger peak current tend to initiate higher. For one positive first stroke, although its peak current is much larger than all the negative counterparts, its initiation height is smaller than most of the negative ones.","PeriodicalId":373744,"journal":{"name":"2016 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116668073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791455
H. Rojas, C. Cortés, F. Roman
In the last two decades, various lightning events have been analyzed using mathematical and signal processing techniques. In this paper, electric field waveforms radiated by negative first and subsequent strokes were analyzed using the Local Polynomial Fourier Transform (LPFT). The analysis provided by LPFT shows the instantaneous frequency (IF) of the signals and its first derivative. The electric field signatures came from a thunderstorm occurred in Bogotá, Colombia. In addition, the return stroke energy concentration is presented in the form of the Local Polinomial Periodogram (LPP). The LPP shows that the return stroke spectrum is distributed in a frequency range with the peak value spread in a specific part of this range. Form the time-frequency analysis provided by LPFT, the energy radiated by negative first return strokes remains in the average frequency range from low frequency (lower than 1 kHz) up to 36 kHz, while the energy radiated by subsequent strokes ranges between 0.5-42 kHz. In addition, for the initial stage and the overshoot region of the transient pulse, the first return stroke signatures present a frequency range slightly higher than those of the subsequent return strokes.
{"title":"Time-frequency features of lightning-generated electric fields appliying the Local Polynomial Fourier Transform (LPFT)","authors":"H. Rojas, C. Cortés, F. Roman","doi":"10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791455","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades, various lightning events have been analyzed using mathematical and signal processing techniques. In this paper, electric field waveforms radiated by negative first and subsequent strokes were analyzed using the Local Polynomial Fourier Transform (LPFT). The analysis provided by LPFT shows the instantaneous frequency (IF) of the signals and its first derivative. The electric field signatures came from a thunderstorm occurred in Bogotá, Colombia. In addition, the return stroke energy concentration is presented in the form of the Local Polinomial Periodogram (LPP). The LPP shows that the return stroke spectrum is distributed in a frequency range with the peak value spread in a specific part of this range. Form the time-frequency analysis provided by LPFT, the energy radiated by negative first return strokes remains in the average frequency range from low frequency (lower than 1 kHz) up to 36 kHz, while the energy radiated by subsequent strokes ranges between 0.5-42 kHz. In addition, for the initial stage and the overshoot region of the transient pulse, the first return stroke signatures present a frequency range slightly higher than those of the subsequent return strokes.","PeriodicalId":373744,"journal":{"name":"2016 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115417262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791512
S. Yokoyama, S. Sekioka
The authors produced induced voltages on a real-size distribution line, the height of which is 10meters. A balloon filled with helium gas lifted a 150 meter-long copper conductor near the overhead distribution line. A pulse current was applied to the above conductor. Induced voltages on the overhead distribution line were observed at three points. As the distance between the grounding point of a copper wire and an overhead distribution line becomes large, the induced voltages on an overhead distribution line become small. The induced voltage is the largest at the nearest point to the balloon. As the distance from the nearest point to the balloon on the distribution line becomes large, the peak value of the induced voltage becomes small. Experimental results agree roughly well with calculated results obtained by a numerical analysis.
{"title":"Experiments of lightning induced overvoltages on a real-size overhead power distribution line","authors":"S. Yokoyama, S. Sekioka","doi":"10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLP.2016.7791512","url":null,"abstract":"The authors produced induced voltages on a real-size distribution line, the height of which is 10meters. A balloon filled with helium gas lifted a 150 meter-long copper conductor near the overhead distribution line. A pulse current was applied to the above conductor. Induced voltages on the overhead distribution line were observed at three points. As the distance between the grounding point of a copper wire and an overhead distribution line becomes large, the induced voltages on an overhead distribution line become small. The induced voltage is the largest at the nearest point to the balloon. As the distance from the nearest point to the balloon on the distribution line becomes large, the peak value of the induced voltage becomes small. Experimental results agree roughly well with calculated results obtained by a numerical analysis.","PeriodicalId":373744,"journal":{"name":"2016 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115713183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：