Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.1163/24055093-bja10045
Emmi Rinne, Pekka Räihä, Arniika Kuusisto, Arto Kallioniemi
Amongst the complex changes in youth, religious development is also particularly salient. This paper analyzes what is the meaning of religion in youth and what are the possible stress factors that one might encounter when upholding a religious worldview in today’s world. The participants of this study were 41 grade 9 students (ages 15–16) attending four different Finnish Christian schools. The results reveal that religion plays a significant role in the lives of the youth. Furthermore, personal faith functioned as a resource in multiple ways, enabling the youth to experience their life as meaningful. Moreover, according to the youth, a personal religious worldview enabled them to find hope, comfort and strength in different life situations. However, religion was also experienced as a stress factor causing challenges in life, such as being subjected to bullying and discrimination. Still, even then the youth viewed religion as an essential part of their life.
{"title":"The Meaning of Religion and Spirituality in the Lives of Youth: The Case of Finnish Christian School Students","authors":"Emmi Rinne, Pekka Räihä, Arniika Kuusisto, Arto Kallioniemi","doi":"10.1163/24055093-bja10045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055093-bja10045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Amongst the complex changes in youth, religious development is also particularly salient. This paper analyzes what is the meaning of religion in youth and what are the possible stress factors that one might encounter when upholding a religious worldview in today’s world. The participants of this study were 41 grade 9 students (ages 15–16) attending four different Finnish Christian schools. The results reveal that religion plays a significant role in the lives of the youth. Furthermore, personal faith functioned as a resource in multiple ways, enabling the youth to experience their life as meaningful. Moreover, according to the youth, a personal religious worldview enabled them to find hope, comfort and strength in different life situations. However, religion was also experienced as a stress factor causing challenges in life, such as being subjected to bullying and discrimination. Still, even then the youth viewed religion as an essential part of their life.","PeriodicalId":37375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Youth and Theology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42819559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.1163/24055093-bja10052
Ron Belsterling, Don Shepson
With Christian Smith’s consent, research was conducted at a life Conference (Christian & Missionary Alliance’s national youth conference, July 2013) using a modified version of Christian Smith’s and Lisa Pearce’s interview instrument, used in the National Study of Youth & Religion (2002). Approximately two thousand life Conference attendees (close to 400 youth leaders and 1600 students) participated in the research, though this study reports only on the adolescent responses. Frequency measures and multiple regression analyses provide evidence that adolescents’ religiosity appears to be positively associated with pro-social beliefs and behaviors and negatively associated with pop-culture-religiosity (zombies, vampires, good witches, etc.) beliefs. Single items and scales represented the religiosity variable and the associations of these varying measures of religiosity to dependent variables were compared and contrasted. Implications for issues that may need more or less focus in the classroom with future youth leaders will be discussed.
{"title":"Consistency in Beliefs and Behaviors of Highly Religious Christian Youth","authors":"Ron Belsterling, Don Shepson","doi":"10.1163/24055093-bja10052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055093-bja10052","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000With Christian Smith’s consent, research was conducted at a life Conference (Christian & Missionary Alliance’s national youth conference, July 2013) using a modified version of Christian Smith’s and Lisa Pearce’s interview instrument, used in the National Study of Youth & Religion (2002). Approximately two thousand life Conference attendees (close to 400 youth leaders and 1600 students) participated in the research, though this study reports only on the adolescent responses. Frequency measures and multiple regression analyses provide evidence that adolescents’ religiosity appears to be positively associated with pro-social beliefs and behaviors and negatively associated with pop-culture-religiosity (zombies, vampires, good witches, etc.) beliefs. Single items and scales represented the religiosity variable and the associations of these varying measures of religiosity to dependent variables were compared and contrasted. Implications for issues that may need more or less focus in the classroom with future youth leaders will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":37375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Youth and Theology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48208524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-24DOI: 10.1163/24055093-bja10050
Robin Barfield, G. Crispin
Given the rise and importance of the agency of the self and more immanent approaches to theology, the landscape of youth and children’s mission and ministry can now be usefully analysed in terms of ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ approaches – rather than (or at least alongside) using ‘inside-out’ and ‘outside-in’ as the main analytical categories. Top-down approaches look to do ministry ‘to’ youth and children and are commensurate with more transcendent approaches to theology and Durkheimian structural-functionalist school of thought within sociology – these approaches risk under-emphasising agency and immanence. Bottom-up approaches are more concerned with doing ministry ‘with’ youth and children and are commensurate with more immanent approaches to theology and Weberian social interactionist and conflict theory models of society – these approaches risk over-emphasising agency and immanence.
{"title":"Bottom-Up and Top-Down Approaches to Y&C Ministry, Part 1: Outlining a New Way of Analysing Approaches to Youth and Children’s Mission and Ministry","authors":"Robin Barfield, G. Crispin","doi":"10.1163/24055093-bja10050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055093-bja10050","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Given the rise and importance of the agency of the self and more immanent approaches to theology, the landscape of youth and children’s mission and ministry can now be usefully analysed in terms of ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ approaches – rather than (or at least alongside) using ‘inside-out’ and ‘outside-in’ as the main analytical categories. Top-down approaches look to do ministry ‘to’ youth and children and are commensurate with more transcendent approaches to theology and Durkheimian structural-functionalist school of thought within sociology – these approaches risk under-emphasising agency and immanence. Bottom-up approaches are more concerned with doing ministry ‘with’ youth and children and are commensurate with more immanent approaches to theology and Weberian social interactionist and conflict theory models of society – these approaches risk over-emphasising agency and immanence.","PeriodicalId":37375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Youth and Theology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49087299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.1163/24055093-bja10042
Robin Barfield, G. Crispin
In part 1 the concepts of top-down and bottom-up approaches were introduced as a helpful way of analysing the landscape of youth and children’s mission and ministry. This second part begins to suggest a constructive solution to the question of bringing the top-down and bottom-up together which understands both divine and human action in and of the individual. James Loder’s appropriation of Chalcedonic descriptions of divine-human connection come together with his analogia Spiritus and understanding of transformation to provide a way of bringing together top-down and bottom-up approaches which can be understood as a form of ‘spiritual structuration.’
{"title":"Bottom-Up and Top-Down Approaches to Y&C Ministry, Part 2: Finding a Theological Way Forward","authors":"Robin Barfield, G. Crispin","doi":"10.1163/24055093-bja10042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055093-bja10042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In part 1 the concepts of top-down and bottom-up approaches were introduced as a helpful way of analysing the landscape of youth and children’s mission and ministry. This second part begins to suggest a constructive solution to the question of bringing the top-down and bottom-up together which understands both divine and human action in and of the individual. James Loder’s appropriation of Chalcedonic descriptions of divine-human connection come together with his analogia Spiritus and understanding of transformation to provide a way of bringing together top-down and bottom-up approaches which can be understood as a form of ‘spiritual structuration.’","PeriodicalId":37375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Youth and Theology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44120249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.1163/24055093-bja10043
Monika Baumann, J. Dreyer
This article dealt with the experience of full-time youth leaders in Evangelical and Free churches in Germany of their role as role models of faith. The research was based on a qualitative, empirical study in which 12 youth leaders were interviewed, using semi-structured interviews. The evaluation was carried out by doing a category-based qualitative content analysis according to Mayring (2015) and Kuckartz (2018), and the type construction (Kelle & Kluge 1999). The quality of experience of the interviewees in their role as role models was determined. Thus, a differentiated perception of the professional group can be strengthened, and holistic education and training programmes supported.
{"title":"Why I like to be a Role Model of Faith and Yet am Afraid of It","authors":"Monika Baumann, J. Dreyer","doi":"10.1163/24055093-bja10043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055093-bja10043","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article dealt with the experience of full-time youth leaders in Evangelical and Free churches in Germany of their role as role models of faith. The research was based on a qualitative, empirical study in which 12 youth leaders were interviewed, using semi-structured interviews. The evaluation was carried out by doing a category-based qualitative content analysis according to Mayring (2015) and Kuckartz (2018), and the type construction (Kelle & Kluge 1999). The quality of experience of the interviewees in their role as role models was determined. Thus, a differentiated perception of the professional group can be strengthened, and holistic education and training programmes supported.","PeriodicalId":37375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Youth and Theology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41505942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.1163/24055093-22010000
{"title":"Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/24055093-22010000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055093-22010000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Youth and Theology","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136244228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-12DOI: 10.1163/24055093-bja10053
Jeremy D. Smith, JoAnn D. Long
Abstract Theoretically guided, evidence-based approaches to fostering Christian discernment among adolescents are limited. The context of mid-adolescence is one in which youth struggle to solidify identity. The discernment of vocational calling, career, and choice of college are among the major life decisions associated with this phase of life. As a component in Lubbock Christian University’s ( lcu ) Vocati: A Youth Theology Institute, this study utilized the four tasks described in Richard Osmer’s model of practical theology to engage youth in the crafting of a missional practice. Analysis of qualitative findings suggests the use of Osmer’s model may provide a framework for youth ministry programs to guide young people in the process of Christian discernment.
以理论为指导，以证据为基础的方法在青少年中培养基督教辨别能力是有限的。青春期中期的背景是一个年轻人努力巩固身份的时期。职业召唤的辨别，职业和大学的选择是与人生的这一阶段相关的主要人生决定。作为Lubbock基督教大学(lcu) Vocati: a Youth Theology Institute的一个组成部分，本研究利用Richard Osmer的实践神学模型中描述的四个任务来吸引年轻人参与宣教实践的制作。对定性结果的分析表明，使用Osmer的模型可以为青年事工项目提供一个框架，以指导年轻人在基督教分辨的过程中。
{"title":"Adolescent Christian Discernment","authors":"Jeremy D. Smith, JoAnn D. Long","doi":"10.1163/24055093-bja10053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055093-bja10053","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Theoretically guided, evidence-based approaches to fostering Christian discernment among adolescents are limited. The context of mid-adolescence is one in which youth struggle to solidify identity. The discernment of vocational calling, career, and choice of college are among the major life decisions associated with this phase of life. As a component in Lubbock Christian University’s ( lcu ) Vocati: A Youth Theology Institute, this study utilized the four tasks described in Richard Osmer’s model of practical theology to engage youth in the crafting of a missional practice. Analysis of qualitative findings suggests the use of Osmer’s model may provide a framework for youth ministry programs to guide young people in the process of Christian discernment.","PeriodicalId":37375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Youth and Theology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134952270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.1163/24055093-bja10049
Research about the faith of young people (by which I mean Millennials and Generation Z) has suggested that they are increasingly non-denominational or denominationally fluid, with a method of choosing churches that is in line with neo-capitalist consumerism. This has created a focus of completely reimagining the church to appeal to young people. This paper, by tracing the historical interdenominational and ecumenical student movements, explains that young people tend to understand their denominational identity differently depending on their evangelical or theologically liberal/progressive stance. Yet neither stream alligns to this reductive post-denominational rhetoric that removes ecumenical and theological sophistication from young people. By using the case study of the United Reformed Church Youth (thereafter urc Youth), which consists of a broadly theological and politically liberal group of 14–26-year-olds, I argue that young people are ecumenically aware and value being integrated into larger denominational structures.
{"title":"Non-Committed Consumers or Theologically Engaged Ecumenists? Thinking Differently About Church Membership for Young People","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/24055093-bja10049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055093-bja10049","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Research about the faith of young people (by which I mean Millennials and Generation Z) has suggested that they are increasingly non-denominational or denominationally fluid, with a method of choosing churches that is in line with neo-capitalist consumerism. This has created a focus of completely reimagining the church to appeal to young people. This paper, by tracing the historical interdenominational and ecumenical student movements, explains that young people tend to understand their denominational identity differently depending on their evangelical or theologically liberal/progressive stance. Yet neither stream alligns to this reductive post-denominational rhetoric that removes ecumenical and theological sophistication from young people. By using the case study of the United Reformed Church Youth (thereafter urc Youth), which consists of a broadly theological and politically liberal group of 14–26-year-olds, I argue that young people are ecumenically aware and value being integrated into larger denominational structures.","PeriodicalId":37375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Youth and Theology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45857122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.1163/24055093-bja10046
Jos de Kock
This article is the second of two centring around the theme of desired outcomes of youth ministry practices, which are often embedded in a certain conception of spiritual maturity. The review study which forms the basis for these two articles aims to construct a theoretical framework on desired outcomes in youth ministry on the basis of a systematic literature review of scholarly works in peer-reviewed journals regarding the subject published from 1996 up to 2021. The wide range of outcomes as observed in the literature is classified by describing three areas of youth ministry goals: the areas of spiritual development, personal development and social development. Current, second article describes the outcomes found in the literature within the particular areas of personal development and social development. In addition, the question is addressed how youth ministry goals in the area of spiritual development, as presented in the first article, conceptually may relate to these in the areas of personal and social development. The article finishes with the discussion of the results of the whole review study and suggests core questions for further research.
{"title":"Development Towards Maturity","authors":"Jos de Kock","doi":"10.1163/24055093-bja10046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055093-bja10046","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article is the second of two centring around the theme of desired outcomes of youth ministry practices, which are often embedded in a certain conception of spiritual maturity. The review study which forms the basis for these two articles aims to construct a theoretical framework on desired outcomes in youth ministry on the basis of a systematic literature review of scholarly works in peer-reviewed journals regarding the subject published from 1996 up to 2021. The wide range of outcomes as observed in the literature is classified by describing three areas of youth ministry goals: the areas of spiritual development, personal development and social development. Current, second article describes the outcomes found in the literature within the particular areas of personal development and social development. In addition, the question is addressed how youth ministry goals in the area of spiritual development, as presented in the first article, conceptually may relate to these in the areas of personal and social development. The article finishes with the discussion of the results of the whole review study and suggests core questions for further research.","PeriodicalId":37375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Youth and Theology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46637210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.1163/24055093-bja10044
Jos de Kock
Abstract This article is the first of two centring around the theme of desired outcomes of youth ministry practices, which are often embedded in a certain conception of spiritual maturity. The review study which forms the basis for these two articles aims to construct a theoretical framework on desired outcomes in youth ministry on the basis of a systematic literature review of scholarly works in peer-reviewed journals regarding the subject published from 1996 up to 2021. The wide range of outcomes as observed in the literature is classified by describing three areas of youth ministry goals: the areas of spiritual development, personal development and social development. Current, first, article accounts for the particularities of the research design of the review study and presents the outcomes found in the literature within the particular area of spiritual development. The review study as a whole and this particular article contribute to a broader academic area of interest in how to envision or define spiritual maturity, particularly Christian maturity, and what this means for formational practices such as youth ministry.
{"title":"Development Towards Maturity","authors":"Jos de Kock","doi":"10.1163/24055093-bja10044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24055093-bja10044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article is the first of two centring around the theme of desired outcomes of youth ministry practices, which are often embedded in a certain conception of spiritual maturity. The review study which forms the basis for these two articles aims to construct a theoretical framework on desired outcomes in youth ministry on the basis of a systematic literature review of scholarly works in peer-reviewed journals regarding the subject published from 1996 up to 2021. The wide range of outcomes as observed in the literature is classified by describing three areas of youth ministry goals: the areas of spiritual development, personal development and social development. Current, first, article accounts for the particularities of the research design of the review study and presents the outcomes found in the literature within the particular area of spiritual development. The review study as a whole and this particular article contribute to a broader academic area of interest in how to envision or define spiritual maturity, particularly Christian maturity, and what this means for formational practices such as youth ministry.","PeriodicalId":37375,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Youth and Theology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135593094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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