Climate change is still an important issue that needs concrete support and action. Refrigerant is also one material that affects global warming and international have plans to reduce the use of HFC refrigerants. Thailand also uses R404A refrigerant, which is an HFC refrigerant with a GWP of up to 3,129 and Thailand plans to reduce its use by 15% in 2030. R404A is the most widely used HFC refrigerant today because it can be used in both refrigeration and air conditioning systems. In the refrigeration system, which uses about 1 ton of refrigerant, when a leak occurs, in addition to affecting global warming and maintenance costs, it also affects the energy consumption of the refrigeration system. From data on the amount of refrigerant used in 2022, it was found that the use of refrigerant for maintenance is 25 tons, averaging 2 tons per month. This research will present the optimization of the maintenance refrigeration system by decreasing carbon emissions using ultrasonic sensors to keep the refrigerant level. The ultrasonic detects flat gas in refrigeration systems, which can detect fluid leaks rather than leaks. detector or using a sight glass. The results of the research found that when the refrigerant leak can be fixed quickly, it will save the use of refrigerant and help reduce energy. When fixing a leaking refrigerant system, 1) 10% will reduce energy by 7%. 2) 20% will reduce energy by 17% 3) 30% will reduce energy by 59%. This system will be able to be expanded to other stores and air conditioning systems in the future.
{"title":"The Improvement of Energy Efficiency in Refrigeration Systems using Ultrasonic Sensors","authors":"Piyanut Saengsikhiao, Juntakan Taweekun, Chayapat Prapaipornlert","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.119.1.189195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.119.1.189195","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is still an important issue that needs concrete support and action. Refrigerant is also one material that affects global warming and international have plans to reduce the use of HFC refrigerants. Thailand also uses R404A refrigerant, which is an HFC refrigerant with a GWP of up to 3,129 and Thailand plans to reduce its use by 15% in 2030. R404A is the most widely used HFC refrigerant today because it can be used in both refrigeration and air conditioning systems. In the refrigeration system, which uses about 1 ton of refrigerant, when a leak occurs, in addition to affecting global warming and maintenance costs, it also affects the energy consumption of the refrigeration system. From data on the amount of refrigerant used in 2022, it was found that the use of refrigerant for maintenance is 25 tons, averaging 2 tons per month. This research will present the optimization of the maintenance refrigeration system by decreasing carbon emissions using ultrasonic sensors to keep the refrigerant level. The ultrasonic detects flat gas in refrigeration systems, which can detect fluid leaks rather than leaks. detector or using a sight glass. The results of the research found that when the refrigerant leak can be fixed quickly, it will save the use of refrigerant and help reduce energy. When fixing a leaking refrigerant system, 1) 10% will reduce energy by 7%. 2) 20% will reduce energy by 17% 3) 30% will reduce energy by 59%. This system will be able to be expanded to other stores and air conditioning systems in the future.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.119.1.80104
Saiful Bahri, Mohd Diah, Sharifah Hanis, Yasmin Sayid, Ireana Yusra, Abdul Fatah, A. NorIza, Rahman, Fadli Hafizulhaq, Nazira Alias
Packaging industry is the dominant user of plastic that contribute highest amount of plastic waste entering our environment. Hence, alternatives such as bio-based plastic have emerged and becoming more commercialized. Thermoplastic starch (TPS) is one of the raw materials used in the production of bioplastic film. However, the major drawback of using TPS is due to its low mechanical, poor barrier properties, and brittleness. This review article provides summary of TPS as a choice of food packaging materials. It reviews recent studies on the improvements of TPS by incorporation of bio-filler and essentials oils. It also describes the impact on the TPS reinforced biofilm on film properties including mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties. This paper also discusses the performance TPS reinforced biofilm in ensuring shelf stability and perishability of food product for food packaging application. Finally, it also highlighted the challenge and opportunities TPS reinforced biofilm for the food packaging industry.
{"title":"Towards Sustainable Food Packaging: A Review of Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) as a Promising Bioplastic Material, its Limitations, and Improvement Strategies with Bio-fillers and Essential Oils","authors":"Saiful Bahri, Mohd Diah, Sharifah Hanis, Yasmin Sayid, Ireana Yusra, Abdul Fatah, A. NorIza, Rahman, Fadli Hafizulhaq, Nazira Alias","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.119.1.80104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.119.1.80104","url":null,"abstract":"Packaging industry is the dominant user of plastic that contribute highest amount of plastic waste entering our environment. Hence, alternatives such as bio-based plastic have emerged and becoming more commercialized. Thermoplastic starch (TPS) is one of the raw materials used in the production of bioplastic film. However, the major drawback of using TPS is due to its low mechanical, poor barrier properties, and brittleness. This review article provides summary of TPS as a choice of food packaging materials. It reviews recent studies on the improvements of TPS by incorporation of bio-filler and essentials oils. It also describes the impact on the TPS reinforced biofilm on film properties including mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties. This paper also discusses the performance TPS reinforced biofilm in ensuring shelf stability and perishability of food product for food packaging application. Finally, it also highlighted the challenge and opportunities TPS reinforced biofilm for the food packaging industry.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.119.1.1327
Nikita N. Fateev, Tatiana A. Yasneva, Ilya K. Kustlivy, Mikhail V. Ivanov, George G Kagramanov, Merkez Mah, Hasat Sk, Şişli Istanbul Turkiye Kamara
High-performance composite reverse osmosis hollow fibre membranes have been recently produced. These membranes have maximum salt recovery 98,1% and permeability 1.2 l/m2*h*bar. The newly developed membranes consist of two layers: active and support. An active layer has been synthesized by interfacial polymerization of the mixture of MPD and aliphatic amine and TMC. PES hollow fibre membranes with an outer selective layer made with a wet-spinning method have been used as the support one. The production of the selective layer of the reverse osmosis membranes has been carried out in two stages through keeping the membrane in isopropyl alcohol. It has been shown that two-stage application through a soaking procedure in isopropyl alcohol allows to achieve a defect-free layer of polyamide. It was also noted that the addition of aliphatic amines to the mPDA solution made it possible to achieve high values of perm selectivity compared to a solution that contained only mPDA.
{"title":"Preparation of TFC-PES Reverse Osmosis Hollow Fibre Membrane for Brackish Water Desalination","authors":"Nikita N. Fateev, Tatiana A. Yasneva, Ilya K. Kustlivy, Mikhail V. Ivanov, George G Kagramanov, Merkez Mah, Hasat Sk, Şişli Istanbul Turkiye Kamara","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.119.1.1327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.119.1.1327","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance composite reverse osmosis hollow fibre membranes have been recently produced. These membranes have maximum salt recovery 98,1% and permeability 1.2 l/m2*h*bar. The newly developed membranes consist of two layers: active and support. An active layer has been synthesized by interfacial polymerization of the mixture of MPD and aliphatic amine and TMC. PES hollow fibre membranes with an outer selective layer made with a wet-spinning method have been used as the support one. The production of the selective layer of the reverse osmosis membranes has been carried out in two stages through keeping the membrane in isopropyl alcohol. It has been shown that two-stage application through a soaking procedure in isopropyl alcohol allows to achieve a defect-free layer of polyamide. It was also noted that the addition of aliphatic amines to the mPDA solution made it possible to achieve high values of perm selectivity compared to a solution that contained only mPDA.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.119.1.112
Mohammed Abdulla, Meftah Hrairi, Abdul Aabid, Nur Azam Abdullah
Revitalizing aircraft structural components marred by damage is imperative to enhance their operational lifespan, obviating the need for wholesale replacement of parts or even the entire airframe. The application of composite patches for mending fractured structures contributes significantly to prolonging their serviceability. However, this strategy often mandates curing the adhesive at temperatures surpassing ambient conditions. Hence, the present investigation centers on the reparation of a cracked plate via a composite patch under conditions of thermo-mechanical loading. The study also delves into the repercussions of thermal stresses on the Stress Intensity Factor (SIF), engendered by elevated curing temperatures. By executing Finite Element Analysis (FEA), the SIF at the crack tip was computed, and a parametric examination was executed to scrutinize the influence of assorted parameters such as the thickness of the patch and adhesive on SIF, leveraging the ANSYS tool. Notably, the existence of a composite patch resulted in a substantial reduction of SIF, with noteworthy SIF alterations arising from parameter variations. Elevation in SIF, prompted by thermal stresses due to adhesive curing, was found to manifest markedly, a predicament that can be mitigated by effecting adhesive curing at ambient temperatures.
{"title":"Influence of Adhesive Curing Temperature and Geometrical Parameters on Composite Patch Repair of Cracked Structures","authors":"Mohammed Abdulla, Meftah Hrairi, Abdul Aabid, Nur Azam Abdullah","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.119.1.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.119.1.112","url":null,"abstract":"Revitalizing aircraft structural components marred by damage is imperative to enhance their operational lifespan, obviating the need for wholesale replacement of parts or even the entire airframe. The application of composite patches for mending fractured structures contributes significantly to prolonging their serviceability. However, this strategy often mandates curing the adhesive at temperatures surpassing ambient conditions. Hence, the present investigation centers on the reparation of a cracked plate via a composite patch under conditions of thermo-mechanical loading. The study also delves into the repercussions of thermal stresses on the Stress Intensity Factor (SIF), engendered by elevated curing temperatures. By executing Finite Element Analysis (FEA), the SIF at the crack tip was computed, and a parametric examination was executed to scrutinize the influence of assorted parameters such as the thickness of the patch and adhesive on SIF, leveraging the ANSYS tool. Notably, the existence of a composite patch resulted in a substantial reduction of SIF, with noteworthy SIF alterations arising from parameter variations. Elevation in SIF, prompted by thermal stresses due to adhesive curing, was found to manifest markedly, a predicament that can be mitigated by effecting adhesive curing at ambient temperatures.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.119.1.5466
Ashik Hussain Mirza, Bamdeb Dey, Rita Choudhury
The present inquiry looks at the movement of a free-convective, viscous MHD transpire as well as the conveyance of an upright plate with mass and heat. The consequences of radiation, chemical reactions, viscous dissipation, and ohmic heating are additionally considered. Transversely, in the potential flow direction, a constant magnetic field is introduced. To overlook the instigated magnetic field with respect to the generated one, a very tiny magnetic Reynolds number is taken into consideration. The coupled differential equations have been solved using MATLAB's built-in solver, bvp4c, which is a numerical method. The numerical repercussions for several values of relevant parameters on flow, heat, and the transfer of mass are laid out graphically. Furthermore, table-based information is maintained for the numerical projections of skin friction, couple stress at the wall's surface, Nusselt amount, and Sherwood value. Numerous industrial and chemical processes have demonstrated the applicability of this paradigm.
{"title":"Synchronous Heat and Mass Transmission in MHD Ohmic Dissipative Viscous Fluid Flow Cavorted by an Upright Surface with Chemical Reaction","authors":"Ashik Hussain Mirza, Bamdeb Dey, Rita Choudhury","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.119.1.5466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.119.1.5466","url":null,"abstract":"The present inquiry looks at the movement of a free-convective, viscous MHD transpire as well as the conveyance of an upright plate with mass and heat. The consequences of radiation, chemical reactions, viscous dissipation, and ohmic heating are additionally considered. Transversely, in the potential flow direction, a constant magnetic field is introduced. To overlook the instigated magnetic field with respect to the generated one, a very tiny magnetic Reynolds number is taken into consideration. The coupled differential equations have been solved using MATLAB's built-in solver, bvp4c, which is a numerical method. The numerical repercussions for several values of relevant parameters on flow, heat, and the transfer of mass are laid out graphically. Furthermore, table-based information is maintained for the numerical projections of skin friction, couple stress at the wall's surface, Nusselt amount, and Sherwood value. Numerous industrial and chemical processes have demonstrated the applicability of this paradigm.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.119.1.105116
Muhammad Arman, Kasni Sumeru, Andriyanto Setyawan, Luga Martin Simbolon, Mohamad Firdaus Sukri
Until now, R134a is still used as a working fluid in automotive air conditioning (A/C) even though it has a very high global warming potential (GWP), which is 1430. Refrigerant R600a is an alternative working fluid as a substitute for R134a in automotive (A/C). This environmentally friendly substitute refrigerant is also expected to produce a better system performance, for which it is necessary to analyse energy and exergy. During work, each AC component generates friction, heat loss, and pressure drop which causes irreversibility in each component. The irreversible quantity of each component is calculated by exergy analysis. Because automotive A/C is driven by engine rotation, its performance is also affected by engine rotation. In this study, the engine rotation to be evaluated is 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 rpm. The evaporating and condensing temperatures of automotive A/C in this study were 5oC and 45oC, respectively. Based on the energy analysis it was found that replacing R134a with R600 enhanced COP, for example at 2000 rpm for R134a and R600a respectively were 3.59 and 3.69, or an increase in COP of about 3%. Based on the exergy analysis, the greatest irreversibility occurred in the compressor, namely 72.1% and 78.6% for R134a and R600a, respectively, for 2000 rpm. This means that there is a potential to enhance the COP improvement using R600a by reducing the irreversibility on the compressor.
{"title":"Energy and Exergy Analysis of R600a as a Substitute for R134a in Automotive Air Conditioning System","authors":"Muhammad Arman, Kasni Sumeru, Andriyanto Setyawan, Luga Martin Simbolon, Mohamad Firdaus Sukri","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.119.1.105116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.119.1.105116","url":null,"abstract":"Until now, R134a is still used as a working fluid in automotive air conditioning (A/C) even though it has a very high global warming potential (GWP), which is 1430. Refrigerant R600a is an alternative working fluid as a substitute for R134a in automotive (A/C). This environmentally friendly substitute refrigerant is also expected to produce a better system performance, for which it is necessary to analyse energy and exergy. During work, each AC component generates friction, heat loss, and pressure drop which causes irreversibility in each component. The irreversible quantity of each component is calculated by exergy analysis. Because automotive A/C is driven by engine rotation, its performance is also affected by engine rotation. In this study, the engine rotation to be evaluated is 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 rpm. The evaporating and condensing temperatures of automotive A/C in this study were 5oC and 45oC, respectively. Based on the energy analysis it was found that replacing R134a with R600 enhanced COP, for example at 2000 rpm for R134a and R600a respectively were 3.59 and 3.69, or an increase in COP of about 3%. Based on the exergy analysis, the greatest irreversibility occurred in the compressor, namely 72.1% and 78.6% for R134a and R600a, respectively, for 2000 rpm. This means that there is a potential to enhance the COP improvement using R600a by reducing the irreversibility on the compressor.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.119.1.134145
Mohammed Ali Fayad, Asifa Mohammed, Raghad Rahman Mahdi, Hussain Ali Hussain, Salman Hussien Omran, Azher Mouhsen Abed
In recent research, further studies on the measurement and analysis of particulate morphology have become necessary to decrease the negative effect of particulate (PM) characteristics. The influence of Coconut biodiesel (CB100) and rates of EGR technique on morphological characteristics of PM was studied using CI diesel engine. The results showed that the PM size distribution decreased by 36.27% from CB100 combustion in comparison with diesel for different EGR rates. Furthermore, introduce high rate of EGR contribute in increasing the PM formation by 26.48% from the CB100 combustion compared with absence EGR technique. It is indicated that the number of particulates significantly decreased by 42.35% when the engine fed with CB100 compared to the diesel. The presence EGR technique leads to decrease the radius of gyration (Rg) and diameter of soot particles by 31.75% and 27.38%, respectively, for both fuels; this trend is more clearly with CB100 combustion. The fractal dimension (Df) declined as the EGR rate increasing during the burning of CB100 by 44.93% in comparison with neat diesel. For both fuels, the presence 40% of EGR increased the fractal dimension by 1.76 and 1.97 from CB100 and diesel, respectively, compared to the absence EGR. 10.37934/arfmts.119.1.134145
{"title":"The Impact of Incorporating EGR Rates and Coconut Biodiesel on Morphological Characteristics of Particulate Matter in a Compression Ignition Diesel Engine","authors":"Mohammed Ali Fayad, Asifa Mohammed, Raghad Rahman Mahdi, Hussain Ali Hussain, Salman Hussien Omran, Azher Mouhsen Abed","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.119.1.134145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.119.1.134145","url":null,"abstract":"In recent research, further studies on the measurement and analysis of particulate morphology have become necessary to decrease the negative effect of particulate (PM) characteristics. The influence of Coconut biodiesel (CB100) and rates of EGR technique on morphological characteristics of PM was studied using CI diesel engine. The results showed that the PM size distribution decreased by 36.27% from CB100 combustion in comparison with diesel for different EGR rates. Furthermore, introduce high rate of EGR contribute in increasing the PM formation by 26.48% from the CB100 combustion compared with absence EGR technique. It is indicated that the number of particulates significantly decreased by 42.35% when the engine fed with CB100 compared to the diesel. The presence EGR technique leads to decrease the radius of gyration (Rg) and diameter of soot particles by 31.75% and 27.38%, respectively, for both fuels; this trend is more clearly with CB100 combustion. The fractal dimension (Df) declined as the EGR rate increasing during the burning of CB100 by 44.93% in comparison with neat diesel. For both fuels, the presence 40% of EGR increased the fractal dimension by 1.76 and 1.97 from CB100 and diesel, respectively, compared to the absence EGR. 10.37934/arfmts.119.1.134145","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flow accelerated corrosion (FAC), is still prevail in power plants piping components and is driven by variables in hydrodynamics, water chemistry and material composition groups. Amongst these factors, flow hydrodynamics play a major role as FAC is a corrosion process limited by wall mass transfer rates. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) have been employed to calculate mass transfer coefficient for further FAC rate assessment. However, various turbulent models have been used in literatures. In this study, CFD calculations of mass transfer coefficient in 90-degree bend are performed with different turbulent models including , , and at the Reynolds number ( ) of 90,000 and the Schmidt number ( ) of 2.53. , and models yield similar flow behaviour, while the shows the delay in the flow separation and double vortices development. The predicted mass transfer coefficients from the three models also agree with the experimental result. The outperforms the others with the maximum relative error of 14%. Although the obtained mass transfer coefficient from model shows good agreement with experimental results at the outlet part of the bend, high discrepancies exist at the inlet part.
{"title":"Assessing Turbulent Models for Flow Accelerated Corrosion Prediction in a 90-Degree Bend","authors":"Phuris Khunphakdee, Ratchanon Piemjaiswang, Benjapon Chalermsinsuwan","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.119.1.2841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.119.1.2841","url":null,"abstract":"Flow accelerated corrosion (FAC), is still prevail in power plants piping components and is driven by variables in hydrodynamics, water chemistry and material composition groups. Amongst these factors, flow hydrodynamics play a major role as FAC is a corrosion process limited by wall mass transfer rates. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) have been employed to calculate mass transfer coefficient for further FAC rate assessment. However, various turbulent models have been used in literatures. In this study, CFD calculations of mass transfer coefficient in 90-degree bend are performed with different turbulent models including , , and at the Reynolds number ( ) of 90,000 and the Schmidt number ( ) of 2.53. , and models yield similar flow behaviour, while the shows the delay in the flow separation and double vortices development. The predicted mass transfer coefficients from the three models also agree with the experimental result. The outperforms the others with the maximum relative error of 14%. Although the obtained mass transfer coefficient from model shows good agreement with experimental results at the outlet part of the bend, high discrepancies exist at the inlet part.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.119.1.175188
V. Kanuri, Venkata Chandra, Sekhar Kasulanati, P. S. Brahmanandam, Shyam Sundar, Mohan Kumar Medinty, Kandarpa Venkata, Rama Srinivas
Poiseuille flows are crucial in various fields, including engineering and the chemical industry, explaining phenomena such as increased blood pressure in narrowed capillaries and aiding in the design of fluid management systems. Traditionally, studies on Poiseuille flows have focused on Newtonian fluids in non-moving pipes, limiting advancements in the field. This research addresses the gap by exploring the Poiseuille flow of a viscoelastic non-Newtonian second-grade nanofluid. These second-grade fluids, applicable in polymer processing and cosmetics manufacturing, exhibit both shear-thinning and shear-thickening properties under certain conditions. The study analytically solves the flow characteristics of blood nanofluids, reducing the governing equations to ordinary differential equations using standard Poiseuille flow assumptions. The simulation results reveal that among the three nanofluids tested, graphene-blood nanofluid achieves the highest velocity, while copper-blood nanofluid exhibits the lowest. Additionally, the velocity of graphene-blood nanofluid decreases with an increase in volume percentage. This work not only advances the understanding of non-Newtonian fluid dynamics but also provides insights into optimizing fluid management systems in biomedical and industrial applications.
{"title":"Analytical Solution of the Poiseuille Flow of Second-grade Blood Nanofluid: Comparison of Alumina, Graphene and Copper Nanoparticles","authors":"V. Kanuri, Venkata Chandra, Sekhar Kasulanati, P. S. Brahmanandam, Shyam Sundar, Mohan Kumar Medinty, Kandarpa Venkata, Rama Srinivas","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.119.1.175188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.119.1.175188","url":null,"abstract":"Poiseuille flows are crucial in various fields, including engineering and the chemical industry, explaining phenomena such as increased blood pressure in narrowed capillaries and aiding in the design of fluid management systems. Traditionally, studies on Poiseuille flows have focused on Newtonian fluids in non-moving pipes, limiting advancements in the field. This research addresses the gap by exploring the Poiseuille flow of a viscoelastic non-Newtonian second-grade nanofluid. These second-grade fluids, applicable in polymer processing and cosmetics manufacturing, exhibit both shear-thinning and shear-thickening properties under certain conditions. The study analytically solves the flow characteristics of blood nanofluids, reducing the governing equations to ordinary differential equations using standard Poiseuille flow assumptions. The simulation results reveal that among the three nanofluids tested, graphene-blood nanofluid achieves the highest velocity, while copper-blood nanofluid exhibits the lowest. Additionally, the velocity of graphene-blood nanofluid decreases with an increase in volume percentage. This work not only advances the understanding of non-Newtonian fluid dynamics but also provides insights into optimizing fluid management systems in biomedical and industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The decline in fossil fuel sources is directly linked to the increasing global energy demand, highlighting the urgent need for renewable energy sources. One highly efficient and eco-friendly alternative is bio-oil from co-pyrolysis, a process that effectively breaks down biomass with a high hydrogen index efficiency ratio (H/C). This research comprehensively examines the factors influencing bio-oil production, including the pretreatment of palm fronds with formic acid, the ratio of plastic to palm frond, and the percentage of Ni-CaO catalysts. The study reveals that pretreating the biomass with formic acid and adding low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic increase bio-oil yield, while the addition of Ni-CaO catalyst has the opposite effect. These variations notably impact the enhancement of bio-oil quality, as evidenced by calorific value, acid number, density, and bio-oil constituent compounds. Specifically, Bio-oil obtained from OPF prepared with 70% formic acid, 50:50 OPF to LDPE ratio and 15% Ni-CaO catalyst addition yielded 49.6% with an acid number of 8.57 mgKOH/g, density of 0.98 g/mL and heating value of 31.732 MJ/Kg.
{"title":"Catalytic Co-Pyrolysis of Oil Palm Frond and Plastic Waste into Liquid Fuel using Ni-CaO Catalyst","authors":"Sunarno, Ricky Martin, Olo Chris Simada Pandia, Syaiful Bahri, Panca Setia Utama, Amun Amri","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.119.1.146163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.119.1.146163","url":null,"abstract":"The decline in fossil fuel sources is directly linked to the increasing global energy demand, highlighting the urgent need for renewable energy sources. One highly efficient and eco-friendly alternative is bio-oil from co-pyrolysis, a process that effectively breaks down biomass with a high hydrogen index efficiency ratio (H/C). This research comprehensively examines the factors influencing bio-oil production, including the pretreatment of palm fronds with formic acid, the ratio of plastic to palm frond, and the percentage of Ni-CaO catalysts. The study reveals that pretreating the biomass with formic acid and adding low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic increase bio-oil yield, while the addition of Ni-CaO catalyst has the opposite effect. These variations notably impact the enhancement of bio-oil quality, as evidenced by calorific value, acid number, density, and bio-oil constituent compounds. Specifically, Bio-oil obtained from OPF prepared with 70% formic acid, 50:50 OPF to LDPE ratio and 15% Ni-CaO catalyst addition yielded 49.6% with an acid number of 8.57 mgKOH/g, density of 0.98 g/mL and heating value of 31.732 MJ/Kg.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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