Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.118.2.112
Dendy Adanta, Ilham Saputra, Dewi Puspita Sari, Imam Syofii, Ismail Thamrin, Irsyadi Yani, Anthony Costa, Akbar Teguh Prakoso, Ahmad Fudholi, Wadirin
Pico-scale crossflow turbines (CFT) can be an alternative solution to meet electrical energy needs, especially in remote rural areas. CFT is recommended because of its suitability in low head (< 5 m) conditions and fluctuating discharge conditions. One of the parameters that influences the performance of a CFT is the number of blades of the runner. CFT was discovered in 1903 and is still developing; however, the study of the physical phenomena of flow due to the blade number on the energy conversion process has yet to be comprehensively depicted. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of the blade's number of runners on CFT performance using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The CFD method can visualize the flow field more detail than analytical and experimental. The CFD method is run with a moving mesh feature (transient) and pressure-based solver with a head condition of 3 m. The blades number studied were 16, 18, 22, 24, 26, and 30. Based on the results, the relationship of the CFT efficiency to blade number is described using a second-order multiple regression polynomial, and runner rotation is parabolic. Based on the performance curve, the CFT with 26 blades has the highest performance for low-head conditions.
{"title":"Investigation on the Blade Number of Pico-scale Crossflow Turbine for Low Head by Numerical Method","authors":"Dendy Adanta, Ilham Saputra, Dewi Puspita Sari, Imam Syofii, Ismail Thamrin, Irsyadi Yani, Anthony Costa, Akbar Teguh Prakoso, Ahmad Fudholi, Wadirin","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.112","url":null,"abstract":"Pico-scale crossflow turbines (CFT) can be an alternative solution to meet electrical energy needs, especially in remote rural areas. CFT is recommended because of its suitability in low head (< 5 m) conditions and fluctuating discharge conditions. One of the parameters that influences the performance of a CFT is the number of blades of the runner. CFT was discovered in 1903 and is still developing; however, the study of the physical phenomena of flow due to the blade number on the energy conversion process has yet to be comprehensively depicted. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of the blade's number of runners on CFT performance using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The CFD method can visualize the flow field more detail than analytical and experimental. The CFD method is run with a moving mesh feature (transient) and pressure-based solver with a head condition of 3 m. The blades number studied were 16, 18, 22, 24, 26, and 30. Based on the results, the relationship of the CFT efficiency to blade number is described using a second-order multiple regression polynomial, and runner rotation is parabolic. Based on the performance curve, the CFT with 26 blades has the highest performance for low-head conditions.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.117.2.131146
Ali Shokor Golam
The study includes numerical analysis and experimental verification on an electrical power distribution transformer (250 kVA, 11 kW, Oil Natural Air Natural). ANSYS Fluent R3 2019 software was used to develop the numerical simulation model. The validity of the numerical model was confirmed by comparing the results of the numerical model and experimental data. The study aims to improve the efficiency and performance of electrical power distribution transformers by proposing a design that reduces the temperature of the transformer while maintaining its traditional size. Numerically, the effect of fin geometry on the temperature and density of transformer oil was studied. Four different fin designs were proposed and compared with the traditional design. According to the results, all proposed designs contributed to improving the cooling performance of the transformer compared to the traditional design. Design A is similar to the traditional transformer design, with the only modification being manipulation of the fin length, and achieves an average oil temperature reduction of 4 K. Design B showed the smallest temperature drop of the four designs, with a 3 K drop. Designs C and D include ventilation channels that match the shape of the fin, providing distinct design differences. The difference between both designs relied on the fact that for design C, the orthogonally of fin plates was retained. On the other hand, in design D, skewing of fin plates was introduced. Design D proved to be the most effective in reducing the average oil temperature, being reduced by 10 K. On the other hand, Design C reduced the average oil temperature by 7 K.
研究包括对一台配电变压器（250 千伏安，11 千瓦，油天然空气天然）进行数值分析和实验验证。ANSYS Fluent R3 2019 软件用于开发数值模拟模型。通过比较数值模型和实验数据的结果，确认了数值模型的有效性。该研究旨在通过提出一种既能降低变压器温度又能保持其传统尺寸的设计，提高配电变压器的效率和性能。通过数值计算，研究了翅片几何形状对变压器油的温度和密度的影响。提出了四种不同的翅片设计，并与传统设计进行了比较。结果显示，与传统设计相比，所有建议的设计都有助于提高变压器的冷却性能。设计 A 与传统的变压器设计类似，唯一的改动是对鳍片长度进行了调整，平均油温降低了 4 K。设计 B 的温降是四种设计中最小的，仅为 3 K。设计 C 和 D 包括与鳍片形状相匹配的通风通道，提供了明显的设计差异。这两种设计的不同之处在于，设计 C 保留了翅片的正交位置。另一方面，在设计 D 中，鳍板采用了倾斜设计。设计 D 在降低平均油温方面最为有效，降低了 10 K。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Electrical Power Transformer Fins Design Technology: Numerical Analysis and Experimental Validation","authors":"Ali Shokor Golam","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.117.2.131146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.2.131146","url":null,"abstract":"The study includes numerical analysis and experimental verification on an electrical power distribution transformer (250 kVA, 11 kW, Oil Natural Air Natural). ANSYS Fluent R3 2019 software was used to develop the numerical simulation model. The validity of the numerical model was confirmed by comparing the results of the numerical model and experimental data. The study aims to improve the efficiency and performance of electrical power distribution transformers by proposing a design that reduces the temperature of the transformer while maintaining its traditional size. Numerically, the effect of fin geometry on the temperature and density of transformer oil was studied. Four different fin designs were proposed and compared with the traditional design. According to the results, all proposed designs contributed to improving the cooling performance of the transformer compared to the traditional design. Design A is similar to the traditional transformer design, with the only modification being manipulation of the fin length, and achieves an average oil temperature reduction of 4 K. Design B showed the smallest temperature drop of the four designs, with a 3 K drop. Designs C and D include ventilation channels that match the shape of the fin, providing distinct design differences. The difference between both designs relied on the fact that for design C, the orthogonally of fin plates was retained. On the other hand, in design D, skewing of fin plates was introduced. Design D proved to be the most effective in reducing the average oil temperature, being reduced by 10 K. On the other hand, Design C reduced the average oil temperature by 7 K.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.117.2.105115
Louay Abd Al-Azez Mahdi, Hasanain Adnan Abdul Wahhab, Miqdam Tariq Chaichan
Flow patterns inside wire-on-tube condensers with different refrigerant mass flow rates were studied in a theoretical study. In this study, tubes with diameters of 3.25 mm (3/16"), 4.83 mm (1/4") and 6.29 mm (5/16") were used. R-134a and R-600a cooling fluids were used at condensing temperatures of 54.4°C, 45°C, and 35°C. The results of this study were obtained using Equal Equation Solver (EES) software. The proposed model was able to predict the type of refrigerant flow pattern based on the limitations reported in previous studies. It was possible to distinguish four kinds of flow patterns: laminar, wavy laminar, plugged, and spiral. The first variation in flow pattern from laminar to wavy laminar flow found between 0.8 and 0.39, and a second variation in flow pattern found from wavy laminar flow to plug or slug flow between 0.15 and 0.05. For the refrigerant conditions, the condensation temperature did not affect the flow pattern. When using R-134a, the inner tube diameter had no effect on the flow pattern. Change occurs with R-600a as inner diameter was increased.
{"title":"The Change of Flow Pattern from Stratified to Stratified-Wavy for Condensation in Wire on Tube Heat Exchangers","authors":"Louay Abd Al-Azez Mahdi, Hasanain Adnan Abdul Wahhab, Miqdam Tariq Chaichan","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.117.2.105115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.2.105115","url":null,"abstract":"Flow patterns inside wire-on-tube condensers with different refrigerant mass flow rates were studied in a theoretical study. In this study, tubes with diameters of 3.25 mm (3/16\"), 4.83 mm (1/4\") and 6.29 mm (5/16\") were used. R-134a and R-600a cooling fluids were used at condensing temperatures of 54.4°C, 45°C, and 35°C. The results of this study were obtained using Equal Equation Solver (EES) software. The proposed model was able to predict the type of refrigerant flow pattern based on the limitations reported in previous studies. It was possible to distinguish four kinds of flow patterns: laminar, wavy laminar, plugged, and spiral. The first variation in flow pattern from laminar to wavy laminar flow found between 0.8 and 0.39, and a second variation in flow pattern found from wavy laminar flow to plug or slug flow between 0.15 and 0.05. For the refrigerant conditions, the condensation temperature did not affect the flow pattern. When using R-134a, the inner tube diameter had no effect on the flow pattern. Change occurs with R-600a as inner diameter was increased.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141281655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The mathematical model for drying process is a useful tool in process optimization and drying chamber design. The research purposes of this study were to investigate the influence of drying temperature on drying time and the modelling the drying kinetics of the natural rubber (NR) sheets. The NR sheets which produce from commercial formic acid, commercial acetic acids, and ammonia plus commercial formic acid were studied at drying temperature of 40, 50, and 60oC and air speed of 0.5 m/s. The results indicated that the drying time was substantially reduced with an increase in temperature. The moisture content ratio of rubber sheets produce from commercial formic acid coagulation was similar to the sheets produce from commercial acetic acids coagulation. However, the drying time of them were longer than the drying time of the sheets produce from ammonia plus commercial formic acid coagulation. Finally, the logarithmic model was the best model which suitable to predict the moisture content ratio of the sheets drying with all experimental condition.
干燥过程的数学模型是工艺优化和干燥室设计的有用工具。本研究的目的是探讨干燥温度对干燥时间的影响，并建立天然橡胶（NR）板材干燥动力学模型。在干燥温度为 40、50 和 60 摄氏度、风速为 0.5 米/秒的条件下，研究了由商用甲酸、商用乙酸和氨水加商用甲酸生产的 NR 板材。结果表明，随着温度的升高，干燥时间大大缩短。商用甲酸凝固法生产的橡胶板的含水率与商用醋酸凝固法生产的橡胶板相似。然而，它们的干燥时间都比氨水加商用甲酸凝固法生产的橡胶板的干燥时间长。最后，对数模型是预测所有实验条件下片材干燥含水率的最佳模型。
{"title":"Mathematical Models of Natural Rubber Sheets Drying: Difference Acid Coagulation Cases","authors":"Visit Eakvanich, Wachara Kalasee, Putipong Lakachaiworakun, Panya Dangwilailux, Wassachol Wattana","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.117.2.3745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.2.3745","url":null,"abstract":"The mathematical model for drying process is a useful tool in process optimization and drying chamber design. The research purposes of this study were to investigate the influence of drying temperature on drying time and the modelling the drying kinetics of the natural rubber (NR) sheets. The NR sheets which produce from commercial formic acid, commercial acetic acids, and ammonia plus commercial formic acid were studied at drying temperature of 40, 50, and 60oC and air speed of 0.5 m/s. The results indicated that the drying time was substantially reduced with an increase in temperature. The moisture content ratio of rubber sheets produce from commercial formic acid coagulation was similar to the sheets produce from commercial acetic acids coagulation. However, the drying time of them were longer than the drying time of the sheets produce from ammonia plus commercial formic acid coagulation. Finally, the logarithmic model was the best model which suitable to predict the moisture content ratio of the sheets drying with all experimental condition.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.117.2.157171
Dedi Rosa Putra Cupu, Kahar Osman
Vibration is one of the phenomena that can occur during the operation of roller bearing which can lead to dynamic loads being subjected to the contact and thus, affect the film formation in elastohydrodynamic (EHD) contacts. On the other hand, surface textures such as artificial indentations and grooves greatly affect the film formation as well as the corresponding pressure distribution in the contact area, since the depths of the textures are usually much greater than the film thickness in the contact. This paper investigates the influence of an artificial indentation located on the rolling element, which passes through a point contact under dynamic loads by means of numerical simulations. Solutions to the Reynolds equation are performed and calculations of the elastic deformation equation, force balance equation and lubricant properties equations to show the effects of both indentation passing through the contact and a sinusoidal dynamic load on the film thickness as well as pressure profile of EHD point contact. Moreover, the effect of frequency and amplitude excitation of the dynamic load on the film formation was investigated. The results revealed that the artificial indentation under sinusoidal dynamic load of EHD point contact induced a significant effect on the thickness of the film formation and pressure distribution.
{"title":"Effect of Indentation at Rolling Body Surfaces on the Film Formation in Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Contact under Dynamic Loads","authors":"Dedi Rosa Putra Cupu, Kahar Osman","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.117.2.157171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.2.157171","url":null,"abstract":"Vibration is one of the phenomena that can occur during the operation of roller bearing which can lead to dynamic loads being subjected to the contact and thus, affect the film formation in elastohydrodynamic (EHD) contacts. On the other hand, surface textures such as artificial indentations and grooves greatly affect the film formation as well as the corresponding pressure distribution in the contact area, since the depths of the textures are usually much greater than the film thickness in the contact. This paper investigates the influence of an artificial indentation located on the rolling element, which passes through a point contact under dynamic loads by means of numerical simulations. Solutions to the Reynolds equation are performed and calculations of the elastic deformation equation, force balance equation and lubricant properties equations to show the effects of both indentation passing through the contact and a sinusoidal dynamic load on the film thickness as well as pressure profile of EHD point contact. Moreover, the effect of frequency and amplitude excitation of the dynamic load on the film formation was investigated. The results revealed that the artificial indentation under sinusoidal dynamic load of EHD point contact induced a significant effect on the thickness of the film formation and pressure distribution.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.117.2.6070
Muhammad Aiqal Iskandar, Muhammad Azfar Shamil Abd Aziz, S. S. Sivaraju, Nurdiyana Borhan, Wan Abd Al-Qadr Imad Wan Mohtar, Nurfadzilah Ahmad
Accurate prediction of power demand and generation is crucial for modern energy systems to efficiently allocate resources and facilitate energy trading. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning techniques has significantly improved the precision of power forecasting. This study focuses on the application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for forecasting power generation in the Eastern Coast region of Malaysia, with a specific emphasis on solar power. The research methodology involves collecting and analyzing historical power data, weather data, and relevant variables. ANN models are trained, validated, and tested on a selected power grid to assess their accuracy and predictive capabilities. The expected outcomes aim to include the development of a precise power generation forecasting model, providing valuable insights for decision-makers to optimize energy operations and seamlessly integrate renewable sources. Additionally, the study explores potential challenges, limitations, and best practices associated with ANN-based power forecasting. The dataset covers the period from 2020 to 2023, with variables such as average output power, ambient temperature, PV module temperature, global horizontal irradiance, and wind speed recorded at 30-minute intervals. The architecture of the ANN model, implemented using the Keras framework, is described as a Sequential model with layers utilizing the 'ReLU' activation function. Model evaluation employs metrics like root mean square error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) on the test set, offering insights into the model's overall fit, average deviation, and sensitivity to outliers. Results reveal strong correlations between PV module temperature, irradiance, and AC power generated.
准确预测电力需求和发电量对于现代能源系统高效分配资源和促进能源交易至关重要。人工智能（AI）与机器学习技术的结合大大提高了电力预测的精确度。本研究的重点是应用人工神经网络（ANN）预测马来西亚东部沿海地区的发电量，尤其侧重于太阳能发电。研究方法包括收集和分析历史电力数据、天气数据和相关变量。在选定的电网上对 ANN 模型进行训练、验证和测试，以评估其准确性和预测能力。预期成果旨在开发一个精确的发电预测模型，为决策者优化能源运营和无缝集成可再生能源提供有价值的见解。此外，本研究还探讨了与基于 ANN 的电力预测相关的潜在挑战、局限性和最佳实践。数据集涵盖 2020 年至 2023 年，每 30 分钟记录一次平均输出功率、环境温度、光伏组件温度、全球水平辐照度和风速等变量。使用 Keras 框架实现的 ANN 模型的架构被描述为一个序列模型，各层使用 "ReLU "激活函数。模型评估采用了测试集上的均方根误差 (RMSE)、均方误差 (MSE) 和平均绝对误差 (MAE) 等指标，以深入了解模型的整体拟合度、平均偏差和对异常值的敏感性。结果显示，光伏模块温度、辐照度和交流发电量之间存在很强的相关性。
{"title":"Long-Term Solar Power Generation Forecasting in the Eastern Coast Region of Malaysia using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Method","authors":"Muhammad Aiqal Iskandar, Muhammad Azfar Shamil Abd Aziz, S. S. Sivaraju, Nurdiyana Borhan, Wan Abd Al-Qadr Imad Wan Mohtar, Nurfadzilah Ahmad","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.117.2.6070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.2.6070","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate prediction of power demand and generation is crucial for modern energy systems to efficiently allocate resources and facilitate energy trading. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning techniques has significantly improved the precision of power forecasting. This study focuses on the application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for forecasting power generation in the Eastern Coast region of Malaysia, with a specific emphasis on solar power. The research methodology involves collecting and analyzing historical power data, weather data, and relevant variables. ANN models are trained, validated, and tested on a selected power grid to assess their accuracy and predictive capabilities. The expected outcomes aim to include the development of a precise power generation forecasting model, providing valuable insights for decision-makers to optimize energy operations and seamlessly integrate renewable sources. Additionally, the study explores potential challenges, limitations, and best practices associated with ANN-based power forecasting. The dataset covers the period from 2020 to 2023, with variables such as average output power, ambient temperature, PV module temperature, global horizontal irradiance, and wind speed recorded at 30-minute intervals. The architecture of the ANN model, implemented using the Keras framework, is described as a Sequential model with layers utilizing the 'ReLU' activation function. Model evaluation employs metrics like root mean square error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) on the test set, offering insights into the model's overall fit, average deviation, and sensitivity to outliers. Results reveal strong correlations between PV module temperature, irradiance, and AC power generated.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.117.2.2836
Lee Kai Huang, Mirza Farrukh Baig, Ervina Efzan Mhd Noor
Melaka's rivers, essential for agriculture, drinking water, and transportation, face growing pollution challenges due to urbanization and industry, threatening their ecological balance. This study delved into the assessment of river water quality in Melaka and the design of a practical water treatment device tailored for river water purification. Extensive testing, involving Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and pH analysis, shed light on the existing poor state of the Melaka River water. The devised water treatment device, encompassing diverse filter materials and a submersible pump, yielded noteworthy outcomes. Notably, experiment 4, employing activated carbon and cotton wool for both inlet and outlet, demonstrated the highest efficacy, reducing TDS levels by a remarkable 44.21%, surpassing other trials. The employed materials exhibited the potential to neutralize pH levels and clarify river water, with cotton wool effectively trapping residues and impurities.
{"title":"Innovative Solutions for Melaka's River Water Treatment","authors":"Lee Kai Huang, Mirza Farrukh Baig, Ervina Efzan Mhd Noor","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.117.2.2836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.2.2836","url":null,"abstract":"Melaka's rivers, essential for agriculture, drinking water, and transportation, face growing pollution challenges due to urbanization and industry, threatening their ecological balance. This study delved into the assessment of river water quality in Melaka and the design of a practical water treatment device tailored for river water purification. Extensive testing, involving Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and pH analysis, shed light on the existing poor state of the Melaka River water. The devised water treatment device, encompassing diverse filter materials and a submersible pump, yielded noteworthy outcomes. Notably, experiment 4, employing activated carbon and cotton wool for both inlet and outlet, demonstrated the highest efficacy, reducing TDS levels by a remarkable 44.21%, surpassing other trials. The employed materials exhibited the potential to neutralize pH levels and clarify river water, with cotton wool effectively trapping residues and impurities.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.117.2.1527
Farah Nadzirah Jamrus, Iskandar Waini, Anuar Ishak
This research examines the laminar magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a mixture of three different nanoparticles, known as a ternary hybrid nanofluid, over a permeable stretching sheet. In this analysis, we are considering a permeable stretching sheet that is decelerating, with unsteadiness parameter . The governing equations are turned into similarity equations by utilizing appropriate similarity transformations. The MATLAB software is then employed to program the code, utilizing the bvp4c function. The skin friction and heat transfer coefficients plots, along with velocity and temperature profiles, are delivered for various values of the suction, unsteadiness, magnet, and nanoparticle volume fraction parameters. According to the numerical findings, both unsteadiness and suction parameters play roles in boosting the heat transfer rate. Nevertheless, the heat transfer rate is reduced by the augmentation of magnetic parameter.
{"title":"Time-Depending Flow of Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid Past a Stretching Sheet with Suction and Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Effects","authors":"Farah Nadzirah Jamrus, Iskandar Waini, Anuar Ishak","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.117.2.1527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.2.1527","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines the laminar magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a mixture of three different nanoparticles, known as a ternary hybrid nanofluid, over a permeable stretching sheet. In this analysis, we are considering a permeable stretching sheet that is decelerating, with unsteadiness parameter . The governing equations are turned into similarity equations by utilizing appropriate similarity transformations. The MATLAB software is then employed to program the code, utilizing the bvp4c function. The skin friction and heat transfer coefficients plots, along with velocity and temperature profiles, are delivered for various values of the suction, unsteadiness, magnet, and nanoparticle volume fraction parameters. According to the numerical findings, both unsteadiness and suction parameters play roles in boosting the heat transfer rate. Nevertheless, the heat transfer rate is reduced by the augmentation of magnetic parameter.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141281408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.117.2.7190
Mohamed-Amine Babay, Mustapha Adar, Souad Touairi, Ahmed Chebak, Mustapha Mabrouki
This comprehensive study investigates the nuanced aspects of pressurized hydrogen vehicle cylinders during refueling, employing numerical simulation and thermal analysis. The examination encompasses the intricate dynamics influenced by cylinder geometry, mass flow rate variations, and the integration of phase change materials (PCMs). Simulations involving cylinders with diverse length-to-diameter ratios and inlet diameters highlight the impact of these parameters on temperature control. Notably, smaller length-to-diameter ratios prove effective for temperature regulation, while larger inlet diameters mitigate temperature rise. The study further explores the role of varying mass flow rates, revealing that an increasing flow rate during refueling results in the lowest temperature rise. In addition to geometry and mass flow rate considerations, the integration of PCMs is a focal point. Modeling and parametric analysis are employed to assess the feasibility of incorporating these materials. The study contributes valuable insights into optimizing the thermal performance and safety of hydrogen fuel systems. The holistic approach considers the interplay of geometry, mass flow rate dynamics, and the innovative use of PCMs, offering a multifaceted understanding of the factors influencing pressurized hydrogen vehicle cylinders.
{"title":"Numerical Simulation and Thermal Analysis of Pressurized Hydrogen Vehicle Cylinders: Impact of Geometry and Phase Change Materials","authors":"Mohamed-Amine Babay, Mustapha Adar, Souad Touairi, Ahmed Chebak, Mustapha Mabrouki","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.117.2.7190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.2.7190","url":null,"abstract":"This comprehensive study investigates the nuanced aspects of pressurized hydrogen vehicle cylinders during refueling, employing numerical simulation and thermal analysis. The examination encompasses the intricate dynamics influenced by cylinder geometry, mass flow rate variations, and the integration of phase change materials (PCMs). Simulations involving cylinders with diverse length-to-diameter ratios and inlet diameters highlight the impact of these parameters on temperature control. Notably, smaller length-to-diameter ratios prove effective for temperature regulation, while larger inlet diameters mitigate temperature rise. The study further explores the role of varying mass flow rates, revealing that an increasing flow rate during refueling results in the lowest temperature rise. In addition to geometry and mass flow rate considerations, the integration of PCMs is a focal point. Modeling and parametric analysis are employed to assess the feasibility of incorporating these materials. The study contributes valuable insights into optimizing the thermal performance and safety of hydrogen fuel systems. The holistic approach considers the interplay of geometry, mass flow rate dynamics, and the innovative use of PCMs, offering a multifaceted understanding of the factors influencing pressurized hydrogen vehicle cylinders.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141277528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.117.2.116130
Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie, Mohd Fariduddin Mukhtar, Nurul Amira Zainal, Khairum Hamzah, Iskandar Waini, Abdul Rahman Mohd Kasim, Ioan Pop
This work features the numerical computation and statistical analysis (response surface and sensitivity) for the flow and thermal progress of an axisymmetric copper-alumina/water hybrid nanofluid subjected to a permeable shrinking disk. The simultaneous factors of magnetic field (MHD), heat generation and suction parameter in the heat transfer development and flow characteristic are observed. The flow and energy equations are mathematically developed based on the boundary layer assumptions. These equations are then simplified with the aids of the similarity variables. The numerical results are then generated by the bvp4c solver in the Matlab software. The dual solutions are possible and exist up to a separation value upon the inclusion of suction effect. The increment of heat generation parameter from 0% to 1% reduces the heat transfer rate for all values of the stretching/shrinking parameter. For the response surface analysis, the responses (skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate) are analyzed for three factors (magnetic, suction, heat generation) and three magnitudes (low, medium, high). Based on this analysis, the magnetic and suction parameters provide a significant effect on the skin friction with p-values < 0.05. Meanwhile, for the heat transfer coefficient, all factors give significant impact with zero p-values. Meanwhile, the sensitivity analysis reveals that the suction parameter has higher sensitivity to the heat transfer as compared to the magnetic and heat generation parameter. Even though these parameters being less sensitive, their influence on heat transfer remains statistically significant.
{"title":"Sensitivity Analysis of MHD Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Radially Shrinking Disk with Heat Generation","authors":"Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie, Mohd Fariduddin Mukhtar, Nurul Amira Zainal, Khairum Hamzah, Iskandar Waini, Abdul Rahman Mohd Kasim, Ioan Pop","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.117.2.116130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.2.116130","url":null,"abstract":"This work features the numerical computation and statistical analysis (response surface and sensitivity) for the flow and thermal progress of an axisymmetric copper-alumina/water hybrid nanofluid subjected to a permeable shrinking disk. The simultaneous factors of magnetic field (MHD), heat generation and suction parameter in the heat transfer development and flow characteristic are observed. The flow and energy equations are mathematically developed based on the boundary layer assumptions. These equations are then simplified with the aids of the similarity variables. The numerical results are then generated by the bvp4c solver in the Matlab software. The dual solutions are possible and exist up to a separation value upon the inclusion of suction effect. The increment of heat generation parameter from 0% to 1% reduces the heat transfer rate for all values of the stretching/shrinking parameter. For the response surface analysis, the responses (skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate) are analyzed for three factors (magnetic, suction, heat generation) and three magnitudes (low, medium, high). Based on this analysis, the magnetic and suction parameters provide a significant effect on the skin friction with p-values < 0.05. Meanwhile, for the heat transfer coefficient, all factors give significant impact with zero p-values. Meanwhile, the sensitivity analysis reveals that the suction parameter has higher sensitivity to the heat transfer as compared to the magnetic and heat generation parameter. Even though these parameters being less sensitive, their influence on heat transfer remains statistically significant.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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