Implementing sustainable construction practices in higher educational facilities in Malaysia would enhance the quality of learning activities. Students in higher education predominantly utilize learning areas. The objective of this study is to evaluate indices of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) that prioritise sustainability in educational environments. The major indicators comprised four significant key terms: Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), Thermal Comfort (TC), Visual Comfort (VC), and Acoustic Comfort (AC). The study utilized data from previous studies published between 2021 and 2023 to determine the present issue that emerged inside Malaysian higher educational facilities. This was achieved by a critical assessment of the parameters' findings via fieldwork measurement. This leads to a spectrum that falls within a satisfactory threshold to attain the desired degree of user comfort. The findings demonstrate that students' comfort level is enhanced by their preference for a stable level of IEQ parameters. According to this study, on average standards of IEQ parameters for a sustainable learning environment; temperature (27°C), humidity (40%), air flow (0.30 m/s), illuminate (400lux) and acoustic (40dB). The strategic framework has been recommended to enhance learning environments and act as a reference guideline for future evaluations of indoor environmental quality.
{"title":"The Stability Performance of Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) Parameters: Emphasize the Strategies of Sustainable Comforts in the Learning Environment in a Tropical Climate","authors":"Norsafiah Norazman, Siti Hamidah Husain, Naziah Muhamad Salleh, Siti Balqis Mohd Shukri","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.160180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.160180","url":null,"abstract":"Implementing sustainable construction practices in higher educational facilities in Malaysia would enhance the quality of learning activities. Students in higher education predominantly utilize learning areas. The objective of this study is to evaluate indices of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) that prioritise sustainability in educational environments. The major indicators comprised four significant key terms: Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), Thermal Comfort (TC), Visual Comfort (VC), and Acoustic Comfort (AC). The study utilized data from previous studies published between 2021 and 2023 to determine the present issue that emerged inside Malaysian higher educational facilities. This was achieved by a critical assessment of the parameters' findings via fieldwork measurement. This leads to a spectrum that falls within a satisfactory threshold to attain the desired degree of user comfort. The findings demonstrate that students' comfort level is enhanced by their preference for a stable level of IEQ parameters. According to this study, on average standards of IEQ parameters for a sustainable learning environment; temperature (27°C), humidity (40%), air flow (0.30 m/s), illuminate (400lux) and acoustic (40dB). The strategic framework has been recommended to enhance learning environments and act as a reference guideline for future evaluations of indoor environmental quality.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.118.2.2433
Heaven Josiah Harvan, Slamet Wahyudi, Winarto
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the main cause of liver cancer and one of the most occurring cancers worldwide. Microwave Ablation (MWA) is a method to destroy cancer cells by heating tumors above 50°C. Cancerous tissues can have high metabolic heat rates and affect temperature gain and distribution in thermal therapies. This research clarifies the metabolic heat effects in MWA therapy of liver cancer. Using Pennes Bioheat transfer equation with finite element numerical method, this research simulates temperature distribution with metabolic heat value ranging from 368,1 W/m3 to 29000 W/m3. The heat generated by metabolic heat is lower than the MWA heat source. However, the temperature increase should be considered as it can increase healthy surrounding tissue temperature to dangerous levels.
肝细胞癌是肝癌的主要病因，也是全球发病率最高的癌症之一。微波消融（MWA）是一种通过将肿瘤加热到 50°C 以上来消灭癌细胞的方法。癌组织的新陈代谢热率很高，会影响热疗法的增温和温度分布。这项研究阐明了 MWA 治疗肝癌过程中的代谢热效应。该研究使用彭尼斯生物热传递方程和有限元数值方法，模拟了代谢热值在 368.1 W/m3 到 29000 W/m3 之间的温度分布。代谢热产生的热量低于 MWA 热源。但应考虑温度的升高，因为它会使周围健康组织的温度升高到危险水平。
{"title":"Microwave Ablation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Effect of Metabolic Heat on Temperature Distribution","authors":"Heaven Josiah Harvan, Slamet Wahyudi, Winarto","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.2433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.2433","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma is the main cause of liver cancer and one of the most occurring cancers worldwide. Microwave Ablation (MWA) is a method to destroy cancer cells by heating tumors above 50°C. Cancerous tissues can have high metabolic heat rates and affect temperature gain and distribution in thermal therapies. This research clarifies the metabolic heat effects in MWA therapy of liver cancer. Using Pennes Bioheat transfer equation with finite element numerical method, this research simulates temperature distribution with metabolic heat value ranging from 368,1 W/m3 to 29000 W/m3. The heat generated by metabolic heat is lower than the MWA heat source. However, the temperature increase should be considered as it can increase healthy surrounding tissue temperature to dangerous levels.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141679765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water wastage is a matter of great concern, especially in this era of rapid development. Water consumption in high-rise and large-sized buildings is very high. Furthermore, high-rise buildings use a lot of water to generate the use of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) machines. However, the waste of water from this machine is also very disturbing. Therefore, it is important for us to realize that various ways and technologies can be used and utilized to prevent waste from happening. This research focuses on the wastage of water and waste water from air handling unit machines in high-rise commercial buildings around Penang, Malaysia. To make this study a success, several methods have been used, including interviews, observation at the study site, and conducting research through newspapers, journals, reports, and so on. Through this method, data to be analyzed can be collected. In this study, several factors lead to the waste of water from the Air Handling Unit machine, which will have adverse effects on the machine, the building, and also the environment such as condensate and drainage. To overcome the problem, it is important to implement proactive routine maintenance practices for the HVAC system to reduce the AHU wastewater. The finding incorporation of water-saving methods, such as using AHU wastewater for other non-potable purposes, is a practical and ecologically appropriate approach. This research emphasizes the potential for large water savings and environmental advantages in commercial buildings, calling for greater adoption of such methods in facility management and building operations.
{"title":"Harvesting condensate wastewater from commercial buildings air handling unit (AHU) drainage: An opportunity for water conservation","authors":"Amie Aziera Asma Azmin Rashid, Md Azree Othuman Mydin, Norliana Sarpin","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.196210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.196210","url":null,"abstract":"Water wastage is a matter of great concern, especially in this era of rapid development. Water consumption in high-rise and large-sized buildings is very high. Furthermore, high-rise buildings use a lot of water to generate the use of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) machines. However, the waste of water from this machine is also very disturbing. Therefore, it is important for us to realize that various ways and technologies can be used and utilized to prevent waste from happening. This research focuses on the wastage of water and waste water from air handling unit machines in high-rise commercial buildings around Penang, Malaysia. To make this study a success, several methods have been used, including interviews, observation at the study site, and conducting research through newspapers, journals, reports, and so on. Through this method, data to be analyzed can be collected. In this study, several factors lead to the waste of water from the Air Handling Unit machine, which will have adverse effects on the machine, the building, and also the environment such as condensate and drainage. To overcome the problem, it is important to implement proactive routine maintenance practices for the HVAC system to reduce the AHU wastewater. The finding incorporation of water-saving methods, such as using AHU wastewater for other non-potable purposes, is a practical and ecologically appropriate approach. This research emphasizes the potential for large water savings and environmental advantages in commercial buildings, calling for greater adoption of such methods in facility management and building operations.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores the role of viscous dissipation, Arrhenius activation energy, and thermal radiation of Williamson nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching sheet. The governing partial differential equations have been simplified through a transformation process, resulting in a set of non-linear differential equations. To find a solution for these equations, a numerical approach is employed, specifically the fourth order Runge-Kutta method. Additionally, a shooting technique is utilized to enhance the accuracy of the numerical solutions. Overall, the study involves reducing complex equations, solving them numerically, and refining the results through a combination of methods. The study investigates the impact of different physical parameters on key factors like velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, nano particle volume fraction, and rates of mass and heat transfer. This study exhibits that activation energy parameter enhances concentration profiles, whereas fitted rate constant shows opposite behavior. The activation energy into heat transfer model allows for the optimization of heat transfer systems utilizing Williamson nano fluids.
{"title":"Effects of Arrhenius Activation Energy on Thermally Radiant Williamson Nanofluid Flow Over a Permeable Stretching Sheet with Viscous Dissipation","authors":"Swarna Jannapura Bhaskar Acharya, Bommanna Lavanya, Kolli Vijaya, Manikandan Murugiah","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.181195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.181195","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the role of viscous dissipation, Arrhenius activation energy, and thermal radiation of Williamson nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching sheet. The governing partial differential equations have been simplified through a transformation process, resulting in a set of non-linear differential equations. To find a solution for these equations, a numerical approach is employed, specifically the fourth order Runge-Kutta method. Additionally, a shooting technique is utilized to enhance the accuracy of the numerical solutions. Overall, the study involves reducing complex equations, solving them numerically, and refining the results through a combination of methods. The study investigates the impact of different physical parameters on key factors like velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, nano particle volume fraction, and rates of mass and heat transfer. This study exhibits that activation energy parameter enhances concentration profiles, whereas fitted rate constant shows opposite behavior. The activation energy into heat transfer model allows for the optimization of heat transfer systems utilizing Williamson nano fluids.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.118.2.1323
Edy Susanto, Muhammad Ferry Fadri, Aditya Aulia, Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan, Wan Hamzah Azmi
This paper investigates the effects on the torque performance caused by deflectors of the Darrieus turbine. Various deflectors were placed in front of the turbine and disrupted the wind flow before it came into contact with the turbine blades. Using numerical method, this study aims to find the deflector’s optimum geometric shape, offset distance, and dimension required for the turbine to produce the highest torque. This study utilizes flow simulation analysis to simulate the deflector effect on Darrieus turbine. The result of this study is the optimum deflector geometry and offset distance for producing highest turbine torque output. From the data gathered it is shown that a deflector with triangular cross-section with the size of turbine diameter placed 400 mm offset to the right of the turbine produces the best result. Turbine with this deflector configuration produces 1.24 Nm of torque, eight times higher than its non-deflector counterpart yields 0.14 Nm.
{"title":"Numerical Study on the Influence of Torque Performance Caused by Deflectors on Darrieus Wind Turbines","authors":"Edy Susanto, Muhammad Ferry Fadri, Aditya Aulia, Anwar Ilmar Ramadhan, Wan Hamzah Azmi","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.1323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.1323","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the effects on the torque performance caused by deflectors of the Darrieus turbine. Various deflectors were placed in front of the turbine and disrupted the wind flow before it came into contact with the turbine blades. Using numerical method, this study aims to find the deflector’s optimum geometric shape, offset distance, and dimension required for the turbine to produce the highest torque. This study utilizes flow simulation analysis to simulate the deflector effect on Darrieus turbine. The result of this study is the optimum deflector geometry and offset distance for producing highest turbine torque output. From the data gathered it is shown that a deflector with triangular cross-section with the size of turbine diameter placed 400 mm offset to the right of the turbine produces the best result. Turbine with this deflector configuration produces 1.24 Nm of torque, eight times higher than its non-deflector counterpart yields 0.14 Nm.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141679088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.118.2.148159
Puteri Sarah Mohamad Saad, Nur Atikah Hanim Abdul Halim, Habibah Zulkefle, Nurfadzilah Ahmad, S. S. Sivaraju
This work focuses on temperature measurement and error extraction for Resistance Temperature Dependence (RTD). RTD is notable for its high accuracy, linearity, and stability. However, obtaining a system error of less than unity in RTD is critical. A platinum RTD is an ideal option if the system requires an accuracy level over a wide temperature range (-200°C to +800°C). Therefore, this work investigated the temperature measurement and extraction of error in RTD by simulating a three-wired PT100 RTD using LTSpice. The analytical calculations were also developed to demonstrate the RTD’s error and were compared with the simulation results for verification purposes. It was discovered that the optimized temperature measurement and percentage errors are 0.01°C and 0.004% respectively. The values of Vc, Sense Resistor (RSENSE), and Reference Resistor (RREF) for the excitation current were found to be significant to maximize the output voltage and mean absolute error (MAE) on the test set, offering insights into the model's overall fit, average deviation, and sensitivity to outliers. Results reveal strong correlations between PV module temperature, irradiance, and AC power generated.
{"title":"Precision Temperature Measurement and Error Analysis for Three-Wire PT100 Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) using LTSpice","authors":"Puteri Sarah Mohamad Saad, Nur Atikah Hanim Abdul Halim, Habibah Zulkefle, Nurfadzilah Ahmad, S. S. Sivaraju","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.148159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.148159","url":null,"abstract":"This work focuses on temperature measurement and error extraction for Resistance Temperature Dependence (RTD). RTD is notable for its high accuracy, linearity, and stability. However, obtaining a system error of less than unity in RTD is critical. A platinum RTD is an ideal option if the system requires an accuracy level over a wide temperature range (-200°C to +800°C). Therefore, this work investigated the temperature measurement and extraction of error in RTD by simulating a three-wired PT100 RTD using LTSpice. The analytical calculations were also developed to demonstrate the RTD’s error and were compared with the simulation results for verification purposes. It was discovered that the optimized temperature measurement and percentage errors are 0.01°C and 0.004% respectively. The values of Vc, Sense Resistor (RSENSE), and Reference Resistor (RREF) for the excitation current were found to be significant to maximize the output voltage and mean absolute error (MAE) on the test set, offering insights into the model's overall fit, average deviation, and sensitivity to outliers. Results reveal strong correlations between PV module temperature, irradiance, and AC power generated.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this research was to study on performance of a heat pump dryer using R32 refrigerant by recovering waste heat from an external condenser. Drying was carried out with drying temperatures of 45, 50 and 55 °C and water flow rates in the heat exchanger of 2, 3 and 4 L/min. Criteria for evaluating performance of heat pump dryer include: drying rate (DR), specific moisture extraction rate, specific energy consumption (SEC) and coefficient of performance of heat pump (COPh). The result shown that the performance of a heat pump dryer with heat recovery is higher than that of a traditional heat pump dryer. It was also found that increasing in drying temperature and water flow rate in heat exchanger resulted in an increase in the drying rate, power of the heat pump dryer and the specific moisture extraction rate. Whereas the specific energy consumption had decreased.
{"title":"Performance Enhancement of Heat Pump Dryer using Heat Recovery","authors":"Praphanpong Somsila, Eakpoom Boonthum, Songsupa Pumchumpol, Umphisak Teeboonma, Apinunt Namkhat","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.3446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.3446","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to study on performance of a heat pump dryer using R32 refrigerant by recovering waste heat from an external condenser. Drying was carried out with drying temperatures of 45, 50 and 55 °C and water flow rates in the heat exchanger of 2, 3 and 4 L/min. Criteria for evaluating performance of heat pump dryer include: drying rate (DR), specific moisture extraction rate, specific energy consumption (SEC) and coefficient of performance of heat pump (COPh). The result shown that the performance of a heat pump dryer with heat recovery is higher than that of a traditional heat pump dryer. It was also found that increasing in drying temperature and water flow rate in heat exchanger resulted in an increase in the drying rate, power of the heat pump dryer and the specific moisture extraction rate. Whereas the specific energy consumption had decreased.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141679766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.118.2.114127
Qurratul Haiqal Mohamad Rozi, Mohd Ibthisham Ardani, Mat Hussin Ab Talib, Muhammad Hanafi Md Sah, Madzlan Aziz, Nursyafreena Atan, Mohd Junaidi Aziz, Fadhil Muslim Abd Oun Al-Dhalemi
Cylindrical cell, especially with the 18650 format, is widely used for power electronics and electric vehicle. The cell's performance is strongly dictated by the current rate of charge/discharge and the cell temperature. The former is relatively easy to gauge because the value is constant for a certain period. Therefore, the cell performance can be mapped with respect to the current rate. However, the cell temperature varies temporally and dimensionally, making mapping cell performance concerning temperature difficult. This study employs a comprehensive thermal approach, with the aim to evaluate the degree of thermal variation with respect to various testing temperatures and cell arrangements conducted in a thermal chamber. Thermal measurements are measured, such as cell surface temperature at various cell locations. The experimental results provide an insight that different testing arrangements in which the cell is suspended vertically and horizontally do not alter the temperature variation of the cell significantly. Nevertheless, temperature difference up to 3oC is manifested along the cell surface, which happens at 5oC ambient temperature. This analysis highlights that cell temperature on the surface of 18650 cell is highly non-uniform, and the data could be further used to facilitate the cell's cooling system in for cells in this nature.
{"title":"Thermal Variation on 18650 Cylindrical Cells under Different Testing Arrangement","authors":"Qurratul Haiqal Mohamad Rozi, Mohd Ibthisham Ardani, Mat Hussin Ab Talib, Muhammad Hanafi Md Sah, Madzlan Aziz, Nursyafreena Atan, Mohd Junaidi Aziz, Fadhil Muslim Abd Oun Al-Dhalemi","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.114127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.114127","url":null,"abstract":"Cylindrical cell, especially with the 18650 format, is widely used for power electronics and electric vehicle. The cell's performance is strongly dictated by the current rate of charge/discharge and the cell temperature. The former is relatively easy to gauge because the value is constant for a certain period. Therefore, the cell performance can be mapped with respect to the current rate. However, the cell temperature varies temporally and dimensionally, making mapping cell performance concerning temperature difficult. This study employs a comprehensive thermal approach, with the aim to evaluate the degree of thermal variation with respect to various testing temperatures and cell arrangements conducted in a thermal chamber. Thermal measurements are measured, such as cell surface temperature at various cell locations. The experimental results provide an insight that different testing arrangements in which the cell is suspended vertically and horizontally do not alter the temperature variation of the cell significantly. Nevertheless, temperature difference up to 3oC is manifested along the cell surface, which happens at 5oC ambient temperature. This analysis highlights that cell temperature on the surface of 18650 cell is highly non-uniform, and the data could be further used to facilitate the cell's cooling system in for cells in this nature.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141677592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noodles are a product that has a large amount of consumption in Thailand. Therefore, it is important to extend the shelf life and increase the value of the noodles by drying. However, drying noodles has a relatively high energy consumption. For this reason, it is necessary to develop an energy-efficient drying process. Therefore, this research aims to study the drying of noodles using hot air combined with infrared stimulation. The drying performance was compared between the case with and without infrared stimulation. The experimental conditions were as follows: drying temperatures were 45, 50, and 55°C and hot air velocity were 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 m/s. Criteria used to evaluate drying performance include drying rate and specific energy consumption. The study found that increasing in drying temperature and hot air velocity resulted in an increase in the drying rate and power of the dryer. Meanwhile, the specific energy consumption has decreased. It was also found that the drying efficiency of noodles using hot air combined with infrared stimulation was higher than the drying efficiency without infrared stimulation.
{"title":"Improve Drying Performance of Noodles using Hot Air Combined with Infrared Stimulation","authors":"Vinai Boonmunas, Praphanpong Somsila, Eakpoom Boonthum, Apinunt Namkhat, Umphisak Teeboonma","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.4761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.4761","url":null,"abstract":"Noodles are a product that has a large amount of consumption in Thailand. Therefore, it is important to extend the shelf life and increase the value of the noodles by drying. However, drying noodles has a relatively high energy consumption. For this reason, it is necessary to develop an energy-efficient drying process. Therefore, this research aims to study the drying of noodles using hot air combined with infrared stimulation. The drying performance was compared between the case with and without infrared stimulation. The experimental conditions were as follows: drying temperatures were 45, 50, and 55°C and hot air velocity were 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 m/s. Criteria used to evaluate drying performance include drying rate and specific energy consumption. The study found that increasing in drying temperature and hot air velocity resulted in an increase in the drying rate and power of the dryer. Meanwhile, the specific energy consumption has decreased. It was also found that the drying efficiency of noodles using hot air combined with infrared stimulation was higher than the drying efficiency without infrared stimulation.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.37934/arfmts.118.2.128136
Arjun Asogan, Norazlianie Sazali, Ramli Junid, Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh, Afdhal Junaidi, Nurul Widiastuti, Hamzah Fansuri, Djoko Hartanto
This study examines the variables that impact the effectiveness of cream separator machines in the dairy sector, with a specific emphasis on centrifugal force, temperature, and vibration. The process of cream separation, which is crucial in dairy production, has progressed from manual techniques to sophisticated mechanical centrifugal separators. The objective of this study is to optimize the performance of these machines, which is imperative due to the increasing need for low-fat skimmed milk. The study utilizes a disc centrifuge to examine the impact of centrifugal forces. The setup consists of more than 24 discs, which are used to measure the volume of fluid passing through the spaces between the discs and to determine the efficiency of separation. The experiments involved using flow rates of 600 ml/min, 1200 ml/min, and 1800 ml/min to alter the temperature from 7 °C to 15 °C, 25 °C, and 35 °C. The findings indicated that decreased temperatures significantly enhance the efficiency of skimming. The study also examines the impact of machine-induced vibration on the efficiency of separation. The study concludes that excessive vibration negatively impacts productivity, therefore, it is essential to incorporate vibration control into the design of separators. The key findings suggest that optimizing centrifugal force is crucial. Inadequate force leads to incomplete separation of fat, while higher flow rates decrease separation efficiency. Temperature regulation is equally crucial, and reducing temperatures enhances efficiency. Effective vibration control is essential for maintaining optimal separation quality. This study makes a valuable contribution to the advancement of cream separator machines by highlighting the importance of accurate management of centrifugal force, temperature, and vibration. This is crucial for enhancing productivity and meeting the requirements of the market. The findings offer valuable insights for the dairy industry, assisting in the development and functioning of advanced cream separators that provide enhanced performance and economic advantages for producers.
{"title":"Factors that Impact the Efficiency of Cream Separator Machine for the Food Industry","authors":"Arjun Asogan, Norazlianie Sazali, Ramli Junid, Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh, Afdhal Junaidi, Nurul Widiastuti, Hamzah Fansuri, Djoko Hartanto","doi":"10.37934/arfmts.118.2.128136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.118.2.128136","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the variables that impact the effectiveness of cream separator machines in the dairy sector, with a specific emphasis on centrifugal force, temperature, and vibration. The process of cream separation, which is crucial in dairy production, has progressed from manual techniques to sophisticated mechanical centrifugal separators. The objective of this study is to optimize the performance of these machines, which is imperative due to the increasing need for low-fat skimmed milk. The study utilizes a disc centrifuge to examine the impact of centrifugal forces. The setup consists of more than 24 discs, which are used to measure the volume of fluid passing through the spaces between the discs and to determine the efficiency of separation. The experiments involved using flow rates of 600 ml/min, 1200 ml/min, and 1800 ml/min to alter the temperature from 7 °C to 15 °C, 25 °C, and 35 °C. The findings indicated that decreased temperatures significantly enhance the efficiency of skimming. The study also examines the impact of machine-induced vibration on the efficiency of separation. The study concludes that excessive vibration negatively impacts productivity, therefore, it is essential to incorporate vibration control into the design of separators. The key findings suggest that optimizing centrifugal force is crucial. Inadequate force leads to incomplete separation of fat, while higher flow rates decrease separation efficiency. Temperature regulation is equally crucial, and reducing temperatures enhances efficiency. Effective vibration control is essential for maintaining optimal separation quality. This study makes a valuable contribution to the advancement of cream separator machines by highlighting the importance of accurate management of centrifugal force, temperature, and vibration. This is crucial for enhancing productivity and meeting the requirements of the market. The findings offer valuable insights for the dairy industry, assisting in the development and functioning of advanced cream separators that provide enhanced performance and economic advantages for producers.","PeriodicalId":37460,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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