The study of economic growth indicators is of fundamental importance in estimating the effectiveness of economic development plans, as well as the great role it plays in determining appropriate economic policies in order to optimally use the factors that lead to the dynamics of growth in Iraq, especially during a certain period of time. The gross domestic product (GDP) at current prices), which is considered a part of the national accounts, which is considered as an integrated dynamic of statistics that produces in front of policy makers the possibility of determining whether the economy is witnessing a state of expansion or evaluating economic activity and its efficiency in order to reach the size of the overall economy. The research aims to determine the best and most efficient statistical model to be used in forecasting the GDP in Iraq based on time series data for the period from (1970-2020) years. Where the general trend models (Linear trend, Quadratic trend and Exponential Trend) were applied, and the three models were compared to choose the best model using some statistical criteria, including the Akiaki Information Standard (AIC) and Schwartz Standard (SBS). The results showed that the appropriate model is the Quadratic trend model, were predicting and forecasting values are close to the real values of the GDP series.
{"title":"Modeling the trend of Iraqi GDP for 1970-2020","authors":"Ahlam Hanash Gatea, Nazik J. Sadik, H. A. Rasheed","doi":"10.21533/pen.v11i1.3455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i1.3455","url":null,"abstract":"The study of economic growth indicators is of fundamental importance in estimating the effectiveness of economic development plans, as well as the great role it plays in determining appropriate economic policies in order to optimally use the factors that lead to the dynamics of growth in Iraq, especially during a certain period of time. The gross domestic product (GDP) at current prices), which is considered a part of the national accounts, which is considered as an integrated dynamic of statistics that produces in front of policy makers the possibility of determining whether the economy is witnessing a state of expansion or evaluating economic activity and its efficiency in order to reach the size of the overall economy. The research aims to determine the best and most efficient statistical model to be used in forecasting the GDP in Iraq based on time series data for the period from (1970-2020) years. Where the general trend models (Linear trend, Quadratic trend and Exponential Trend) were applied, and the three models were compared to choose the best model using some statistical criteria, including the Akiaki Information Standard (AIC) and Schwartz Standard (SBS). The results showed that the appropriate model is the Quadratic trend model, were predicting and forecasting values are close to the real values of the GDP series.","PeriodicalId":37519,"journal":{"name":"Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49398985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Building Information Modeling (BIM) has brought about a qualitative change in the design and management of construction projects because it represents a digital simulation of the physical characteristics of the building, and this increases its efficiency before the actual construction begins. In Iraq, most construction projects still use CAD two-dimensional drawing for the purpose of the implementation process, especially government projects, and this causes many problems due to the difficulty of communication between the various disciplines involved in the design and misunderstanding during implementation. This type of problem is reduced by combining BIM drawings prepared by designers and making them into a single model. In this process of merging conflicts are found using BIM tools such as Autodesk Navisworks. There are three main types of detection. This article includes how a clash detector can help improve clashes in the design phase before starting to construct a specific building using BIM applications and focuses on hard detection type (overlap of a particular element with the others). The methodology involved in this research is to study an educational building (24-classroom model school) consisting of structural and architectural BIM models only, clash detection analysis is done using Autodesk Revit and Autodesk Navisworks Manage software.
{"title":"Based BIM techniques to clash detection for construction projects","authors":"Braa F. Abdalhameed, S. Naimi","doi":"10.21533/pen.v11i1.3461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i1.3461","url":null,"abstract":"Building Information Modeling (BIM) has brought about a qualitative change in the design and management of construction projects because it represents a digital simulation of the physical characteristics of the building, and this increases its efficiency before the actual construction begins. In Iraq, most construction projects still use CAD two-dimensional drawing for the purpose of the implementation process, especially government projects, and this causes many problems due to the difficulty of communication between the various disciplines involved in the design and misunderstanding during implementation. This type of problem is reduced by combining BIM drawings prepared by designers and making them into a single model. In this process of merging conflicts are found using BIM tools such as Autodesk Navisworks. There are three main types of detection. This article includes how a clash detector can help improve clashes in the design phase before starting to construct a specific building using BIM applications and focuses on hard detection type (overlap of a particular element with the others). The methodology involved in this research is to study an educational building (24-classroom model school) consisting of structural and architectural BIM models only, clash detection analysis is done using Autodesk Revit and Autodesk Navisworks Manage software.","PeriodicalId":37519,"journal":{"name":"Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43371411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. In recent years, Bitcoin has become the most widely used blockchain platform in business and finance. The goal of this work is to find a viable prediction model that incorporates and perhaps improves on a combination of available models. Among the techniques utilized in this paper are exponential smoothing, ARIMA, artificial neural networks (ANNs) models, and prediction combination models. The study's most obvious discovery is that artificial intelligence models improve the results of compound prediction models. The second key discovery was that a strong combination forecasting model that responds to the multiple fluctuations that occur in the bitcoin time series and Error improvement should be used. Based on the results, the prediction accuracy criterion and matching curve-fitting in this work demonstrated that if the residuals of the revised model are white noise, the forecasts are unbiased. Future work investigating robust hybrid model forecasting using fuzzy neural networks would be very interesting.
{"title":"Bitcoin Prediction with a hybrid model","authors":"M. Ashour, A. Ahmed","doi":"10.21533/pen.v11i1.3452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i1.3452","url":null,"abstract":". In recent years, Bitcoin has become the most widely used blockchain platform in business and finance. The goal of this work is to find a viable prediction model that incorporates and perhaps improves on a combination of available models. Among the techniques utilized in this paper are exponential smoothing, ARIMA, artificial neural networks (ANNs) models, and prediction combination models. The study's most obvious discovery is that artificial intelligence models improve the results of compound prediction models. The second key discovery was that a strong combination forecasting model that responds to the multiple fluctuations that occur in the bitcoin time series and Error improvement should be used. Based on the results, the prediction accuracy criterion and matching curve-fitting in this work demonstrated that if the residuals of the revised model are white noise, the forecasts are unbiased. Future work investigating robust hybrid model forecasting using fuzzy neural networks would be very interesting.","PeriodicalId":37519,"journal":{"name":"Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49235814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research is focused on studying the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete prestressed (post-tensioned) tapered beams. The present study investigates the impact of compressive strength, prestressed reinforcement, and tapering ratio on flexural behavior. All tested beams have a total length equal to (2600mm) and a clear distance between supports equal to (2400mm), the width of the beam (250mm), and maintain the same amount of concrete volume. The experimental results showed that when a prestressed reinforcement changes from (one strand) for (two strands), this change will affect the prismatic beam, in which the first cracking and the ultimate load will be raised by (60% and 31.71%), respectively, and for a non-prismatic beam with tapering ratios of (1.5 and 2), the first cracking will increase by (12.5% and 2.63%) also the maximum load raised by (28.3% and 31.03%). The failure mode was flexural for all tested beams with crushing in the compression zone. This paper simulated a numerical analysis of experimentally tested specimens using a nonlinear finite element technique (ABAQUS/CAE 2021 software). The numerical outcomes revealed a good correlation compared with the results of the experimental study.
{"title":"Structural behavior of reinforced concrete pre-stressed tapered beams","authors":"Mohammed Dhaher Jasim, H. T. Nimnim","doi":"10.21533/pen.v11i1.3460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i1.3460","url":null,"abstract":"This research is focused on studying the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete prestressed (post-tensioned) tapered beams. The present study investigates the impact of compressive strength, prestressed reinforcement, and tapering ratio on flexural behavior. All tested beams have a total length equal to (2600mm) and a clear distance between supports equal to (2400mm), the width of the beam (250mm), and maintain the same amount of concrete volume. The experimental results showed that when a prestressed reinforcement changes from (one strand) for (two strands), this change will affect the prismatic beam, in which the first cracking and the ultimate load will be raised by (60% and 31.71%), respectively, and for a non-prismatic beam with tapering ratios of (1.5 and 2), the first cracking will increase by (12.5% and 2.63%) also the maximum load raised by (28.3% and 31.03%). The failure mode was flexural for all tested beams with crushing in the compression zone. This paper simulated a numerical analysis of experimentally tested specimens using a nonlinear finite element technique (ABAQUS/CAE 2021 software). The numerical outcomes revealed a good correlation compared with the results of the experimental study.","PeriodicalId":37519,"journal":{"name":"Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49271830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Technological development is considered one of the most important influences that contributed to the change of some design elements (formal and functional), both or each. Among these elements is the minaret. This was evident in the old urban fabric, and because of the existence of other basic reasons in the traditional fabric, including the increase in the population of the weaving area, which led to the dispensation of the inner courtyard. It had changed from an element that has a shape and function to an element that has a shape only, to indicate the presence of a mosque this was evident in the old urban fabric .Due to the presence of other essential causes in the traditional fabric like the increase in population among the inhabitants of the fabric which led to neglecting the internal area , moreover climate change led to the use of window openings as outlets for air conditioning instruments ,the researcher employed the minaret to enable sunlight inter the inner space of the mosque (prayer space) due to the importance of natural sunlight effect on people's psychological and physiological health . This research was conducted in a clear sky of Babil province for latitude of (32.8) north, small samples were made measuring 1:20 for the minaret and the mosque space, a device for measuring the sunlight amount (Multi-Function Environment Meter 4IN1) was used . Results showed an increase in natural sunlight reflected inside the space of the mosque. This study came out with the following recommendations, the importance of employing the archeological elements which their functions were altered by technological growth to enhance the internal environment with the finding of solutions to the amount of
{"title":"Employing auxiliary natural lighting systems within the elements of traditional buildings: A special study on employing one of the auxiliary lighting techniques within one of the elements of a mosque in the ancient urban fabric","authors":"Alaa Hadi Ubaid","doi":"10.21533/pen.v11i1.3436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i1.3436","url":null,"abstract":"Technological development is considered one of the most important influences that contributed to the change of some design elements (formal and functional), both or each. Among these elements is the minaret. This was evident in the old urban fabric, and because of the existence of other basic reasons in the traditional fabric, including the increase in the population of the weaving area, which led to the dispensation of the inner courtyard. It had changed from an element that has a shape and function to an element that has a shape only, to indicate the presence of a mosque this was evident in the old urban fabric .Due to the presence of other essential causes in the traditional fabric like the increase in population among the inhabitants of the fabric which led to neglecting the internal area , moreover climate change led to the use of window openings as outlets for air conditioning instruments ,the researcher employed the minaret to enable sunlight inter the inner space of the mosque (prayer space) due to the importance of natural sunlight effect on people's psychological and physiological health . This research was conducted in a clear sky of Babil province for latitude of (32.8) north, small samples were made measuring 1:20 for the minaret and the mosque space, a device for measuring the sunlight amount (Multi-Function Environment Meter 4IN1) was used . Results showed an increase in natural sunlight reflected inside the space of the mosque. This study came out with the following recommendations, the importance of employing the archeological elements which their functions were altered by technological growth to enhance the internal environment with the finding of solutions to the amount of","PeriodicalId":37519,"journal":{"name":"Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46731472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to its noteworthy physico-chemical behaviors, the chitosan (CS) biopolymer presents a compelling alternative to conventional biomaterials. By measuring the emission spectra at a spectrofluorophotometer in different concentrates (1x10 -4 , 1x10 -5 , and 1x10 -6 ) M, the spectral characteristics of the CS polymer were obtained. The crystallinity of the CS polymer was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, which shows only one dominant peak indexed to the orthorhombic structure. With a drop in solution concentration, there was a shift toward the shorter wavelength and a decline in quantum yield. Using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, the optical properties of the CS polymer, including its refractive index, absorption coefficient, energy band gap, extinction coefficient, and dielectric constant, have been studied. It was observed through the results that the optical parameters are linearly dependent with concentration. In contrast to the optical energy gap, which decreases with increasing concentration .
{"title":"Studying the effect of concentration on spectral and optical properties of chitosan polymer","authors":"S. Abdulrazzaq","doi":"10.21533/pen.v11i1.3435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i1.3435","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its noteworthy physico-chemical behaviors, the chitosan (CS) biopolymer presents a compelling alternative to conventional biomaterials. By measuring the emission spectra at a spectrofluorophotometer in different concentrates (1x10 -4 , 1x10 -5 , and 1x10 -6 ) M, the spectral characteristics of the CS polymer were obtained. The crystallinity of the CS polymer was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, which shows only one dominant peak indexed to the orthorhombic structure. With a drop in solution concentration, there was a shift toward the shorter wavelength and a decline in quantum yield. Using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, the optical properties of the CS polymer, including its refractive index, absorption coefficient, energy band gap, extinction coefficient, and dielectric constant, have been studied. It was observed through the results that the optical parameters are linearly dependent with concentration. In contrast to the optical energy gap, which decreases with increasing concentration .","PeriodicalId":37519,"journal":{"name":"Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43268707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Camilo Leonardo Sandoval Rodríguez, Carlos Andres Angulo Julio, Arly Darío Rincón Quintero, J. A. Ascanio Villabona, O. Lengerke
The intensification of industrial activities in post-harvest cocoa processes has generated a disproportionate increase in energy consumption. The objective of this work is to describe those energetically critical ones that are used in the cocoa production line in Santander so that further research can evaluate the implementation of alternative or renewable energy systems. Through the collection of information and data management, it is seeking to promote the efficient use of energy based on the NTC ISO 500001. For this end, a description of the processes involved in the production of cocoa was made considering the technical data. Then, the energy consumed by the equipment used in the different processes was determined for 30 days, operating 24 hours a day, assuming power factors of 0.75 and 0.9. Finally, through analysis, calculations, and the application of the Pareto methodology, it was possible to identify that the process with the highest energy consumption is the cocoa refining step, since the equipment used in this process consumes more than 30% of energy from the total energy used for cocoa production.
可可收获后加工的工业活动加剧，导致能源消耗不成比例地增加。这项工作的目的是描述桑坦德可可生产线中使用的能源关键系统，以便进一步研究能够评估替代能源或可再生能源系统的实施情况。通过收集信息和数据管理，它正在寻求根据NTC ISO 500001促进能源的高效利用。为此，考虑到技术数据，对可可生产过程进行了说明。然后，假设功率因数为0.75和0.9，确定不同工艺中使用的设备在每天24小时运行的30天内消耗的能量。最后，通过分析、计算和帕累托方法的应用，可以确定能量消耗最高的过程是可可精炼步骤，因为该过程中使用的设备消耗的能量占可可生产总能量的30%以上。
{"title":"Identification of energetically critical processes for cocoa production in Santander, Colombia","authors":"Camilo Leonardo Sandoval Rodríguez, Carlos Andres Angulo Julio, Arly Darío Rincón Quintero, J. A. Ascanio Villabona, O. Lengerke","doi":"10.21533/pen.v11i1.3180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i1.3180","url":null,"abstract":"The intensification of industrial activities in post-harvest cocoa processes has generated a disproportionate increase in energy consumption. The objective of this work is to describe those energetically critical ones that are used in the cocoa production line in Santander so that further research can evaluate the implementation of alternative or renewable energy systems. Through the collection of information and data management, it is seeking to promote the efficient use of energy based on the NTC ISO 500001. For this end, a description of the processes involved in the production of cocoa was made considering the technical data. Then, the energy consumed by the equipment used in the different processes was determined for 30 days, operating 24 hours a day, assuming power factors of 0.75 and 0.9. Finally, through analysis, calculations, and the application of the Pareto methodology, it was possible to identify that the process with the highest energy consumption is the cocoa refining step, since the equipment used in this process consumes more than 30% of energy from the total energy used for cocoa production.","PeriodicalId":37519,"journal":{"name":"Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46877488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rincón-Quintero, Gianina Garrido Silva, Jessica Gissella Maradey Lázaro, Edwin Francisco Forero García, Camilo Leonardo Sandoval Rodríguez
When a canine presents a serious case of disease, injury or necrosis, it is imperative to perform an amputation procedure, whatever the affected limb is, since it can minimize the risk of developing pathologies related to tissues, joints and spine, associated with an altered gait and/or unequal distribution of forces in their limbs. Thus, improvement alternatives arise such as prostheses which help to improve the quality of life of canines. The article proposes the development of a functional prototype of prosthesis for canines with partial forelimb amputation through the design and 3D modeling of the prosthesis, together with the selection of the material that adapts to the morphological conditions of the canine. Also, a cushioning system is incorporated to minimize the force of the impact with the ground when performing activities such as jumping, running or walking. Finally, the electronic component is included in the design and the respective electronic and biomechanical tests are carried out to verify its correct operation.
{"title":"Artificial extension for a canine with partial forelimb amputation","authors":"A. Rincón-Quintero, Gianina Garrido Silva, Jessica Gissella Maradey Lázaro, Edwin Francisco Forero García, Camilo Leonardo Sandoval Rodríguez","doi":"10.21533/pen.v11i1.3178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i1.3178","url":null,"abstract":"When a canine presents a serious case of disease, injury or necrosis, it is imperative to perform an amputation procedure, whatever the affected limb is, since it can minimize the risk of developing pathologies related to tissues, joints and spine, associated with an altered gait and/or unequal distribution of forces in their limbs. Thus, improvement alternatives arise such as prostheses which help to improve the quality of life of canines. The article proposes the development of a functional prototype of prosthesis for canines with partial forelimb amputation through the design and 3D modeling of the prosthesis, together with the selection of the material that adapts to the morphological conditions of the canine. Also, a cushioning system is incorporated to minimize the force of the impact with the ground when performing activities such as jumping, running or walking. Finally, the electronic component is included in the design and the respective electronic and biomechanical tests are carried out to verify its correct operation.","PeriodicalId":37519,"journal":{"name":"Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46845284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Alonso Betancur Arboleda, Pamela Hulse, L. Krambeck, J. Ascanio-Villabona, O. Lengerke, Camilo Sandoval
Heat pipe design and selection require specialist knowledge due to numerous possible combinations and restrictions that should be taken into account. The general objective of this work is to design a Specialist System that assists future engineers in material and working fluid selection for a suitable heat pipe application, based on the technical operating requirements. The methodology consisted of a qualitative perspective through interviews with two specialist engineers in the heat pipes area. The resulting information from the interviews was organized into a library, working as a source for the specialist system. In addition, several books from the literature completed the information in the library. Based on the operating conditions and the provided library, the program recommends suitable materials and working fluids and the necessity of porous media for the application, similar to a consult with a heat pipe specialist. The new expert system can be a tool for researchers and engineers in heat pipe design as passive control systems, providing more suitable solutions for each application
{"title":"Development of an expert system based on fuzzy logic as support for heat pipes design","authors":"Luis Alonso Betancur Arboleda, Pamela Hulse, L. Krambeck, J. Ascanio-Villabona, O. Lengerke, Camilo Sandoval","doi":"10.21533/pen.v11i1.3077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i1.3077","url":null,"abstract":"Heat pipe design and selection require specialist knowledge due to numerous possible combinations and restrictions that should be taken into account. The general objective of this work is to design a Specialist System that assists future engineers in material and working fluid selection for a suitable heat pipe application, based on the technical operating requirements. The methodology consisted of a qualitative perspective through interviews with two specialist engineers in the heat pipes area. The resulting information from the interviews was organized into a library, working as a source for the specialist system. In addition, several books from the literature completed the information in the library. Based on the operating conditions and the provided library, the program recommends suitable materials and working fluids and the necessity of porous media for the application, similar to a consult with a heat pipe specialist. The new expert system can be a tool for researchers and engineers in heat pipe design as passive control systems, providing more suitable solutions for each application","PeriodicalId":37519,"journal":{"name":"Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47730515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this article is to present the dimensioning of a portable, autonomous solar machine, of potential utility in pumping systems and water purification, through the use of photovoltaic solar technology and innovation to an unsatisfied basic need, such as service drinking water, in areas of the country, where there are inconveniences for access to drinking water and electricity service. The solar machine is innovative, modular, portable, easy to transport and install, sustainable and environmentally friendly, with zero greenhouse gas emissions as it is powered by photovoltaic technology. The solar machine is innovative, modular, portable, easy to transport and install, sustainable and environmentally friendly, with zero greenhouse gas emissions as it is powered by photovoltaic technology and does not use batteries. This portable solar machine substantially reduces the cost of investment, operation and maintenance, by using photovoltaic solar panels and working with direct current, eliminating the use of the conventional electrical power network, inverters, for its operation and can be dimensioned for water. surface water from rivers or reservoirs to the reservoir or pond, the same as for groundwater from wells, for the supply of drinking water, through the improvement, disinfection and sterilization of drinking water, to improve the quality of life of rural communities and secondly measure for use in the agricultural sector, for irrigation, domestic use, livestock (livestock pasture) and other services, for the rural development of the regions in Colombia.
{"title":"Technical-economic evaluation of a portable solar machine of potential use in pumping systems and water purification, through the use of photovoltaic solar technology for non-interconnected areas in Colombia","authors":"Diego Armando Cartagena Calderon","doi":"10.21533/pen.v11i1.3070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v11i1.3070","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to present the dimensioning of a portable, autonomous solar machine, of potential utility in pumping systems and water purification, through the use of photovoltaic solar technology and innovation to an unsatisfied basic need, such as service drinking water, in areas of the country, where there are inconveniences for access to drinking water and electricity service. The solar machine is innovative, modular, portable, easy to transport and install, sustainable and environmentally friendly, with zero greenhouse gas emissions as it is powered by photovoltaic technology. The solar machine is innovative, modular, portable, easy to transport and install, sustainable and environmentally friendly, with zero greenhouse gas emissions as it is powered by photovoltaic technology and does not use batteries. This portable solar machine substantially reduces the cost of investment, operation and maintenance, by using photovoltaic solar panels and working with direct current, eliminating the use of the conventional electrical power network, inverters, for its operation and can be dimensioned for water. surface water from rivers or reservoirs to the reservoir or pond, the same as for groundwater from wells, for the supply of drinking water, through the improvement, disinfection and sterilization of drinking water, to improve the quality of life of rural communities and secondly measure for use in the agricultural sector, for irrigation, domestic use, livestock (livestock pasture) and other services, for the rural development of the regions in Colombia.","PeriodicalId":37519,"journal":{"name":"Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48266268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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