Pub Date : 2019-04-16DOI: 10.29352/MILL0203E.06.00217
A. C. Ferrão, R. Guiné, Manuela Ferreira, J. Duarte, Bruno Nunes, Patrícia Morais, R. Sanches, Romana Abrantes
Introduction: Eating habits begin in childhood, remain during adulthood and undergo changes as young adults enter university. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the food knowledge in a sample of university students in Portugal, as well as to identify in what way some sociodemographic factors influence that knowledge.Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken by means of a questionnaire on a non-probabilistic sample of 376 university students in Viseu. Results: In general, students revealed to have a high degree of knowledge about some aspects of a healthy eating and the majority of them identified the current food wheel. It was also observed that it is through family and Internet that most of the students get the information about healthy eating. The mean scores were higher for men, students who were aged 22 years or over, as well as for those who practiced high competition sport, who were connected to food areas and also for the students’ who had already attended a class performed by a nutritionist. Furthermore, in general, students had notion of which food they should eat in bigger and smaller quantities, not knowing, however, which are the recommended daily portions. Conclusions: This study highlighted the need to deepen the debate on this topic in order to improve students’ knowledge about healthy eating.
{"title":"Evaluation of food knowledge in a sample of university students in Viseu, Portugal","authors":"A. C. Ferrão, R. Guiné, Manuela Ferreira, J. Duarte, Bruno Nunes, Patrícia Morais, R. Sanches, Romana Abrantes","doi":"10.29352/MILL0203E.06.00217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29352/MILL0203E.06.00217","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Eating habits begin in childhood, remain during adulthood and undergo changes as young adults enter university. \u0000Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the food knowledge in a sample of university students in Portugal, as well as to identify in what way some sociodemographic factors influence that knowledge.Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken by means of a questionnaire on a non-probabilistic sample of 376 university students in Viseu. \u0000Results: In general, students revealed to have a high degree of knowledge about some aspects of a healthy eating and the majority of them identified the current food wheel. It was also observed that it is through family and Internet that most of the students get the information about healthy eating. The mean scores were higher for men, students who were aged 22 years or over, as well as for those who practiced high competition sport, who were connected to food areas and also for the students’ who had already attended a class performed by a nutritionist. Furthermore, in general, students had notion of which food they should eat in bigger and smaller quantities, not knowing, however, which are the recommended daily portions. \u0000Conclusions: This study highlighted the need to deepen the debate on this topic in order to improve students’ knowledge about healthy eating.","PeriodicalId":375679,"journal":{"name":"Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131183682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-16DOI: 10.29352/MILL0203E.03.00187
Madalena Cunha, J. Duarte, A. I. Marques, Ana Luisa Zaniboni Gomes, Daniela Nascimento, Joaquim Pereira, J. Lopes, Marta Murtinheira, R. Rosa, Sérgio Gonçalves, G. Aparício, A. Andrade
Introduction: The mentoring process is dynamic, reciprocal and reflexive, hence skills as a disposition to act in a relevant way in relation to a specific situation (Le Boterf, 2003), need to be evaluated in the mentoring processes. The mentor refers to a more experienced professional who guides, teaches, directs, supports and advises a student with less practice, playing an important role on a personal and professional level (Botti & Rego, 2007). Objetive: To evaluate the perception of the college students about the supervisory skills that need to be obtained by the mentor teacher. Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on a sample of 306 college students of the health area, of a polytechnic, with an average age of 21.15 years and a higher percentage of women (81.7%). The gathering of Information was supported by the application of Generic, specific and meta-competences of the supervisor scale (Cunha, Cruz, Menezes & Albuquerque, 2017) and Supervisor Core competencies scale (Cunha & Albuquerque, 2017), available online in the academic institution site. Results: The study allows us to conclude that the most important characteristics necessary for the mentor teacher, for college students, are the supervisor's generic skills (average = 4.36 and SD = 0.47), and personal factors (averagde = 4.83 and SD = 0.46). The supervisor's core competencies predicts the supervisor's generic, specific and meta-competencies skills, explaining their 70% variation. The results support the importance of the assignment of a mentor teacher in college (87.5%), and the monitoring should be effective from the 1st to the 3rd / 4th year (60.4%). They also suggest the preference of daily sessions (51.6%) in the training place (52.4%), lasting less than one hour (49.7%). Conclusions: The importance of monitoring the pedagogical competences of supervision and mentoring emerges from the study and the results suggest that the students of higher education value the existence of a mentor teacher, so their attribution is pertinent to consolidate the mission all dimensions of pedagogical action.
{"title":"Generic and specific competences of the mentor teacher: higher education students perception in the health area","authors":"Madalena Cunha, J. Duarte, A. I. Marques, Ana Luisa Zaniboni Gomes, Daniela Nascimento, Joaquim Pereira, J. Lopes, Marta Murtinheira, R. Rosa, Sérgio Gonçalves, G. Aparício, A. Andrade","doi":"10.29352/MILL0203E.03.00187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29352/MILL0203E.03.00187","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The mentoring process is dynamic, reciprocal and reflexive, hence skills as a disposition to act in a relevant way in relation to a specific situation (Le Boterf, 2003), need to be evaluated in the mentoring processes. The mentor refers to a more experienced professional who guides, teaches, directs, supports and advises a student with less practice, playing an important role on a personal and professional level (Botti & Rego, 2007). \u0000Objetive: To evaluate the perception of the college students about the supervisory skills that need to be obtained by the mentor teacher. \u0000Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on a sample of 306 college students of the health area, of a polytechnic, with an average age of 21.15 years and a higher percentage of women (81.7%). The gathering of Information was supported by the application of Generic, specific and meta-competences of the supervisor scale (Cunha, Cruz, Menezes & Albuquerque, 2017) and Supervisor Core competencies scale (Cunha & Albuquerque, 2017), available online in the academic institution site. \u0000Results: The study allows us to conclude that the most important characteristics necessary for the mentor teacher, for college students, are the supervisor's generic skills (average = 4.36 and SD = 0.47), and personal factors (averagde = 4.83 and SD = 0.46). The supervisor's core competencies predicts the supervisor's generic, specific and meta-competencies skills, explaining their 70% variation. The results support the importance of the assignment of a mentor teacher in college (87.5%), and the monitoring should be effective from the 1st to the 3rd / 4th year (60.4%). They also suggest the preference of daily sessions (51.6%) in the training place (52.4%), lasting less than one hour (49.7%). \u0000Conclusions: The importance of monitoring the pedagogical competences of supervision and mentoring emerges from the study and the results suggest that the students of higher education value the existence of a mentor teacher, so their attribution is pertinent to consolidate the mission all dimensions of pedagogical action.","PeriodicalId":375679,"journal":{"name":"Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130547731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-31DOI: 10.29352/mill0208.03.00207
A. Pardal, C. Miguel
Introduction: Waste services are fundamental in modern societies as they contribute significantly to the social and economic development of the country. Therefore, they must comply with a set of principles, among which are the universality of access, continuity and quality of service and price efficiency and equity, constituting an important factor of social balance.From the point of view of regulation and evaluation of the quality of public services provided to users, The Water and Waste Services Regulation Authority (ERSAR) plays a leading role.Objectives: To analyze the service quality indicators (SQI) of a medium-sized city council for the period 2011 to 2016, which allow to evaluate in a technical, environmental and economic terms an municipal solid waste management system.Methods: The evaluation of municipal solid waste (MSW) management services is carried out through three groups of quality of service quality indicators (performance indicators): indicators that reflect the protection of user interests; indicators that reflect the sustainability of service management and, finally, indicators that translate environmental sustainability.Results: The results obtained in the service quality indicators for the evaluation of the goals of the Portuguese Strategic Plan for MSW Management (PERSU 2020) show that the city has yet to make an effort to meet the goals defined for the sector by 2020. Conclusions: Overall, the analysis shows that the system presents mainly levels medium and unsatisfactory quality of service.
{"title":"ERSAR service quality indicators – practical case of a Municipality","authors":"A. Pardal, C. Miguel","doi":"10.29352/mill0208.03.00207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0208.03.00207","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Waste services are fundamental in modern societies as they contribute significantly to the social and economic development of the country. Therefore, they must comply with a set of principles, among which are the universality of access, continuity and quality of service and price efficiency and equity, constituting an important factor of social balance.From the point of view of regulation and evaluation of the quality of public services provided to users, The Water and Waste Services Regulation Authority (ERSAR) plays a leading role.Objectives: To analyze the service quality indicators (SQI) of a medium-sized city council for the period 2011 to 2016, which allow to evaluate in a technical, environmental and economic terms an municipal solid waste management system.Methods: The evaluation of municipal solid waste (MSW) management services is carried out through three groups of quality of service quality indicators (performance indicators): indicators that reflect the protection of user interests; indicators that reflect the sustainability of service management and, finally, indicators that translate environmental sustainability.Results: The results obtained in the service quality indicators for the evaluation of the goals of the Portuguese Strategic Plan for MSW Management (PERSU 2020) show that the city has yet to make an effort to meet the goals defined for the sector by 2020. Conclusions: Overall, the analysis shows that the system presents mainly levels medium and unsatisfactory quality of service.","PeriodicalId":375679,"journal":{"name":"Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116891668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-31DOI: 10.29352/MILL0208.04.00220
A. Curado, A. Abreu
Introduction: The strong international competitiveness motivated by globalization with the purpose of reaching an increasingly demanding public, makes cost reduction and quality increase a primary need across all sectors. The generic drug industry where price is the primary weapon in consumer reach is no exception and creates a strong need in the application of Lean methodologies to optimize the production. Objectives: Reduce of changeover times by the application of lean methodologies structured by a proposed model. Methods: This study started with a review of the bibliography of the Lean’s origin and the several methodologies ending with the application of a proposed application model. The implementation was based on a detailed study of the setups resulting in a set of solution proposals dedicated to the main problems applying several lean tools. Results: Reduction of change times by 20% and waiting times by 24.5% within 3 months. Conclusions: The application of Lean methodologies revealed a great utility in the identification of causes and in the creation of solutions. The implementation of this model, although in an initial phase, allowed not only reduction of the times of changes, but also other improvements such as the reduction of the number of waits. However, this application, due to being inserted in the pharmaceutical industry, is limited by some procedures that cannot be changed.
{"title":"Application of Lean methodologies in the reduction of setup times in the pharmaceutical industry","authors":"A. Curado, A. Abreu","doi":"10.29352/MILL0208.04.00220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29352/MILL0208.04.00220","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The strong international competitiveness motivated by globalization with the purpose of reaching an increasingly demanding public, makes cost reduction and quality increase a primary need across all sectors. The generic drug industry where price is the primary weapon in consumer reach is no exception and creates a strong need in the application of Lean methodologies to optimize the production. \u0000Objectives: Reduce of changeover times by the application of lean methodologies structured by a proposed model. \u0000Methods: This study started with a review of the bibliography of the Lean’s origin and the several methodologies ending with the application of a proposed application model. The implementation was based on a detailed study of the setups resulting in a set of solution proposals dedicated to the main problems applying several lean tools. \u0000Results: Reduction of change times by 20% and waiting times by 24.5% within 3 months. \u0000Conclusions: The application of Lean methodologies revealed a great utility in the identification of causes and in the creation of solutions. The implementation of this model, although in an initial phase, allowed not only reduction of the times of changes, but also other improvements such as the reduction of the number of waits. However, this application, due to being inserted in the pharmaceutical industry, is limited by some procedures that cannot be changed.","PeriodicalId":375679,"journal":{"name":"Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127410055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-31DOI: 10.29352/MILL0208.08.00205
E. Ramalhosa, L. Fernandes, J. Pereira, J. Saraiva, S. Casal
Introduction: Pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) are a rich source of natural antioxidants with beneficial effects on human health. Objetives: The aim of our study was to investigate solvents’ influence (water, methanol, water:acetone (6:4, v/v)) on the extraction of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of pansies extracts. Methods: The bioactive compounds analyzed were the following: flavonoids, hydrolysable tannins and monomeric anthocyanins, as well as total phenols by the total reducing capacity assay (TRC). The antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and reducing power assays. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to differentiate pansies extracts. Results: The solvents that yielded extracts with the highest contents of hydrolysable tannins and TRC were methanol and water:acetone (6:4, v/v). To extract the highest contents of monomeric anthocyanins, methanol should be used (5.93 mg Cy 3-glu/g flower, d.w), while for flavonoids, water:acetone (6:4, v/v) was the preferred yielding an extract with 115 mg QE/g flower d.w. Water turned out to be the least effective solvent, giving extracts with the lowest antioxidant activity. In addition, methanol or water:acetone extracts were clearly distinguished from aqueous ones through a PCA analysis. Conclusions: Our results show that the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of pansies’ extracts are affected by the solvent used.
{"title":"Extraction solvents’ influence on the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of pansies","authors":"E. Ramalhosa, L. Fernandes, J. Pereira, J. Saraiva, S. Casal","doi":"10.29352/MILL0208.08.00205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29352/MILL0208.08.00205","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pansies (Viola×wittrockiana) are a rich source of natural antioxidants with beneficial effects on human health. \u0000Objetives: The aim of our study was to investigate solvents’ influence (water, methanol, water:acetone (6:4, v/v)) on the extraction of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of pansies extracts. \u0000Methods: The bioactive compounds analyzed were the following: flavonoids, hydrolysable tannins and monomeric anthocyanins, as well as total phenols by the total reducing capacity assay (TRC). The antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and reducing power assays. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to differentiate pansies extracts. \u0000Results: The solvents that yielded extracts with the highest contents of hydrolysable tannins and TRC were methanol and water:acetone (6:4, v/v). To extract the highest contents of monomeric anthocyanins, methanol should be used (5.93 mg Cy 3-glu/g flower, d.w), while for flavonoids, water:acetone (6:4, v/v) was the preferred yielding an extract with 115 mg QE/g flower d.w. Water turned out to be the least effective solvent, giving extracts with the lowest antioxidant activity. In addition, methanol or water:acetone extracts were clearly distinguished from aqueous ones through a PCA analysis. \u0000Conclusions: Our results show that the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of pansies’ extracts are affected by the solvent used.","PeriodicalId":375679,"journal":{"name":"Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127038115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-31DOI: 10.29352/MILL0208.06.00198
Anabela Sousa, M. V. Velho, M. Alves, R. Pinheiro
Introduction: Consumers' preference for lower fat products continues to increase and there is a significant pressure on industry to reduce the use of frying processes. Objetives: Evaluate the effect of hydrocolloids on the Rissol coating, avoiding the pre-frying or frying processes. It’s also intended to compare physicochemical characteristics of the Rissol obtained, using oven regeneration process and traditional deep-frying, and consumer's acceptability of oven regenerated Rissol. Methods: Hydrocolloids such as carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, xanthan, karaya and locust bean gums, were used alone in the coating system at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5%(w/w), as well as the synergies established between pairs of gums to a final concentration of 1%(w/w). Rissol was regenerated in the oven (200°C, 18 minutes) and instrumental texture, colour, moisture and organoleptic properties (quantitative descriptive analysis) were measured.The contents in protein, carbohydrates, total fat, fibre, sodium chloride and moisture and consumer’s acceptability in Rissol with 0.5%(w/w) of carboxymethylcellulose were determined, to compare deep-frying and oven cooking processes. Results: The addition of 0.5%(w/w) of any of hydrocolloids studied to the coating system offers better prospects to produce an oven product without pre-frying. The formulations with 1.5%(w/w) of hydrocolloid showed a poorer appearance with cracks and lumps.Conclusion: The use of carboxymethylcellulose in coating batter could be an alternative to obtain a product with reduced total fat and with positive consumer acceptability results (with oven regeneration).
{"title":"Hydrocolloids effect on coating batter and on organoleptic properties of rissol regenerated in oven and comparison with deep-frying process","authors":"Anabela Sousa, M. V. Velho, M. Alves, R. Pinheiro","doi":"10.29352/MILL0208.06.00198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29352/MILL0208.06.00198","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Consumers' preference for lower fat products continues to increase and there is a significant pressure on industry to reduce the use of frying processes. \u0000Objetives: Evaluate the effect of hydrocolloids on the Rissol coating, avoiding the pre-frying or frying processes. It’s also intended to compare physicochemical characteristics of the Rissol obtained, using oven regeneration process and traditional deep-frying, and consumer's acceptability of oven regenerated Rissol. \u0000Methods: Hydrocolloids such as carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, xanthan, karaya and locust bean gums, were used alone in the coating system at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5%(w/w), as well as the synergies established between pairs of gums to a final concentration of 1%(w/w). Rissol was regenerated in the oven (200°C, 18 minutes) and instrumental texture, colour, moisture and organoleptic properties (quantitative descriptive analysis) were measured.The contents in protein, carbohydrates, total fat, fibre, sodium chloride and moisture and consumer’s acceptability in Rissol with 0.5%(w/w) of carboxymethylcellulose were determined, to compare deep-frying and oven cooking processes. \u0000Results: The addition of 0.5%(w/w) of any of hydrocolloids studied to the coating system offers better prospects to produce an oven product without pre-frying. The formulations with 1.5%(w/w) of hydrocolloid showed a poorer appearance with cracks and lumps.Conclusion: The use of carboxymethylcellulose in coating batter could be an alternative to obtain a product with reduced total fat and with positive consumer acceptability results (with oven regeneration).","PeriodicalId":375679,"journal":{"name":"Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124712510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-31DOI: 10.29352/mill0208.05.00192
C. Passos
Introduction: Knowledge has shown growing importance in economy, as a differentiation factor and a competitiveness enhancer, being considered as an important pillar of modern society development. Networks within and between organizations, as a strategy to potentiate knowledge sharing might be considered one of the most important approaches an organization may adopt. Objectives: To evaluate how the dynamics of knowledge creation occur in an intra-organizational network. Methods: This study is developed according to a descriptive and exploratory typology and uses the methodology of a case study developed over an optical services network in Portugal. Results: The results present evidence that the context of an intra-organizational network may favor a collective learning environment, mainly represented by the interaction that occurs between the collaborators of the various units and with the help of several “interaction” and knowledge creation spaces. Conclusions: The potential attributed to knowledge and networks in promoting the best organizational practices justify the interest of this analysis and the contribution of this study to the business environment.
{"title":"Dynamics of knowledge creation in intra-organizational networks","authors":"C. Passos","doi":"10.29352/mill0208.05.00192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29352/mill0208.05.00192","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Knowledge has shown growing importance in economy, as a differentiation factor and a competitiveness enhancer, being considered as an important pillar of modern society development. Networks within and between organizations, as a strategy to potentiate knowledge sharing might be considered one of the most important approaches an organization may adopt. \u0000Objectives: To evaluate how the dynamics of knowledge creation occur in an intra-organizational network. \u0000Methods: This study is developed according to a descriptive and exploratory typology and uses the methodology of a case study developed over an optical services network in Portugal. \u0000Results: The results present evidence that the context of an intra-organizational network may favor a collective learning environment, mainly represented by the interaction that occurs between the collaborators of the various units and with the help of several “interaction” and knowledge creation spaces. \u0000Conclusions: The potential attributed to knowledge and networks in promoting the best organizational practices justify the interest of this analysis and the contribution of this study to the business environment.","PeriodicalId":375679,"journal":{"name":"Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132353516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-31DOI: 10.29352/MILL0208.07.00197
C. Vieito, P. Pires, É. Fernandes, M. V. Velho
Introduction: Pine bark is an agroindustrial residue from the timber industry and represents a source of phenolic compounds. These compounds have several beneficial properties being antioxidants, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, among others. Objetives: The aim of this work was to study the chemical composition of the bark from Pinus pinaster Aiton subsp. atlantica and the phenolic profile of its aqueous, ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts. Methods: The moisture content, ash, protein, crude fat and carbohydrates were analysed. The bark was extracted with water, ethanol or a mixture of both in a Soxhlet apparatus and the extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity and phenolic profile by RP-HPLC-UV, in the extracts with higher TPC, were determined. Results: The results obtained for chemical composition were: 63.43 of carbohydrates, 2.81 of crude fat, 1.60 of proteins and 1.75 of ash, calculated in % w/w of dry bark. The extraction yield was greater for the ethanolic and the hydroethanolic extracts (17.08 and 17.55% w/w dry bark, respectively). The TPC and antioxidant activity were higher in the hydroethanolic extract (73.48 mg GAE/g and 108.74 mg AAE/g dry bark, respectively). Regarding the phenolic profile of the hydroethanolic extract, gallic acid, taxifolin, ferulic acid and quercetin were identified at 280 nm, and catechin was identified in the ethanolic extract at 320 nm. Conclusion: P. pinaster Aiton subsp. atlantica bark is mainly constituted by carbohydrates and it is rich in hydroethanolic and ethanolic extractives, being that these have high antioxidant activity. The ethanolic extract presents higher catechin amount when compared to the hydroethanolic extract.
{"title":"Chemical characterization of pine bark (Pinus pinaster Aiton subsp. atlantica), antioxidant properties and phenolic profile of its extracts","authors":"C. Vieito, P. Pires, É. Fernandes, M. V. Velho","doi":"10.29352/MILL0208.07.00197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29352/MILL0208.07.00197","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pine bark is an agroindustrial residue from the timber industry and represents a source of phenolic compounds. These compounds have several beneficial properties being antioxidants, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, among others. \u0000Objetives: The aim of this work was to study the chemical composition of the bark from Pinus pinaster Aiton subsp. atlantica and the phenolic profile of its aqueous, ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts. \u0000Methods: The moisture content, ash, protein, crude fat and carbohydrates were analysed. The bark was extracted with water, ethanol or a mixture of both in a Soxhlet apparatus and the extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity and phenolic profile by RP-HPLC-UV, in the extracts with higher TPC, were determined. \u0000Results: The results obtained for chemical composition were: 63.43 of carbohydrates, 2.81 of crude fat, 1.60 of proteins and 1.75 of ash, calculated in % w/w of dry bark. The extraction yield was greater for the ethanolic and the hydroethanolic extracts (17.08 and 17.55% w/w dry bark, respectively). The TPC and antioxidant activity were higher in the hydroethanolic extract (73.48 mg GAE/g and 108.74 mg AAE/g dry bark, respectively). Regarding the phenolic profile of the hydroethanolic extract, gallic acid, taxifolin, ferulic acid and quercetin were identified at 280 nm, and catechin was identified in the ethanolic extract at 320 nm. \u0000Conclusion: P. pinaster Aiton subsp. atlantica bark is mainly constituted by carbohydrates and it is rich in hydroethanolic and ethanolic extractives, being that these have high antioxidant activity. The ethanolic extract presents higher catechin amount when compared to the hydroethanolic extract.","PeriodicalId":375679,"journal":{"name":"Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126170059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-31DOI: 10.29352/MILL0208.02.00199
Maria Borralho, A. Pardal, Solange Coelho
Introduction: The production of biodiesel produces a highly polluting effluent, because presents high values of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), oils and fats, among other contaminants. Sodium persulphate is a powerful oxidant (Eo = 2.1V). In addition to the direct oxidation that is favored in alkaline media, it can be induced by photolytic processes, catalytic and / or catalytic photos forming sulphate radicals (Eo = 2.6 V) thus providing reaction mechanisms with free radicals like hydroxyl radicals. Methods: In this work the effect of the potassium monopersulphate compound (2KHSO5.KHSO4K2SO4), (Oxone) on the removal of COD in residual water from the biodiesel purification step was tested. Results: The tests, direct oxidation at alkaline pH and catalytic oxidation with cobalt ions, Co(II), showed that the former, for Oxone concentrations of 1.00x10-2 M and 4.00x10-3 M, were not effective because no decomposition occurred, for reaction times over three hours, thus not occurring removal of COD. In the catalytic assays combinations were tested, varying between 5.00x10-3 M and 7.50x10-2 M for the oxidant and 0.10 μM and 1.00 μM for the catalyst. The complete decomposition of the oxidant was always verified between 15 min. and 2 h. The tests with the lowest concentration of cobalt showed COD removal rates around 20% and the highest one reached 60%. Conclusions: The most favorable assay achieves significant COD removals, but not enough for the effluent to be discharged in the hydric medium according the portuguese legislation.
{"title":"Wastewater treatment of biodiesel production using persulphate ion as an oxidant","authors":"Maria Borralho, A. Pardal, Solange Coelho","doi":"10.29352/MILL0208.02.00199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29352/MILL0208.02.00199","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The production of biodiesel produces a highly polluting effluent, because presents high values of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), oils and fats, among other contaminants. Sodium persulphate is a powerful oxidant (Eo = 2.1V). In addition to the direct oxidation that is favored in alkaline media, it can be induced by photolytic processes, catalytic and / or catalytic photos forming sulphate radicals (Eo = 2.6 V) thus providing reaction mechanisms with free radicals like hydroxyl radicals. \u0000Methods: In this work the effect of the potassium monopersulphate compound (2KHSO5.KHSO4K2SO4), (Oxone) on the removal of COD in residual water from the biodiesel purification step was tested. \u0000Results: The tests, direct oxidation at alkaline pH and catalytic oxidation with cobalt ions, Co(II), showed that the former, for Oxone concentrations of 1.00x10-2 M and 4.00x10-3 M, were not effective because no decomposition occurred, for reaction times over three hours, thus not occurring removal of COD. In the catalytic assays combinations were tested, varying between 5.00x10-3 M and 7.50x10-2 M for the oxidant and 0.10 μM and 1.00 μM for the catalyst. The complete decomposition of the oxidant was always verified between 15 min. and 2 h. The tests with the lowest concentration of cobalt showed COD removal rates around 20% and the highest one reached 60%. \u0000Conclusions: The most favorable assay achieves significant COD removals, but not enough for the effluent to be discharged in the hydric medium according the portuguese legislation.","PeriodicalId":375679,"journal":{"name":"Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125752263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-31DOI: 10.29352/MILL0208.09.00224
C. Mendes
Introduction: With aging there is a decline in the physical and cognitive function of the elderly, which leads to impairment of the Functional Independence (F.I.) of the elderly person. Objective: To compare functional independence of two elderly groups with initially similar characteristics, living in a residential structure for the elderly, one of the groups being submitted to a Physical Exercise Program (P.E.P.) Method: Quantitative, quasi-experimental study. A sample of 20 elderly people divided into two similar groups, experimental and control, of ten elements each. One of the groups practiced P.E.P., which included muscle strength training and aerobic training for 12 weeks, 5 days a week, at moderate intensity. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) was used to evaluate the functional independence of the elderly at first, and then in second moment, that is, after the implementation of P.E.P. to the experimental group. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics, namely with Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon, considering p <0.05. Results: At the end of the study the experimental group improved its functional independence in the "bath", "bath and shower" and "stairs" sub-levels, while maintaining all others, while the control group maintained functional independence in all evaluated sub-levels. Conclusion: The practice of physical exercise allows to maintain and/or improve functional independence of the elderly.
{"title":"Promoción de la independencia funcional en ancianos institucionalizados","authors":"C. Mendes","doi":"10.29352/MILL0208.09.00224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29352/MILL0208.09.00224","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: With aging there is a decline in the physical and cognitive function of the elderly, which leads to impairment of the Functional Independence (F.I.) of the elderly person. \u0000Objective: To compare functional independence of two elderly groups with initially similar characteristics, living in a residential structure for the elderly, one of the groups being submitted to a Physical Exercise Program (P.E.P.) \u0000Method: Quantitative, quasi-experimental study. A sample of 20 elderly people divided into two similar groups, experimental and control, of ten elements each. One of the groups practiced P.E.P., which included muscle strength training and aerobic training for 12 weeks, 5 days a week, at moderate intensity. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) was used to evaluate the functional independence of the elderly at first, and then in second moment, that is, after the implementation of P.E.P. to the experimental group. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics, namely with Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon, considering p <0.05. \u0000Results: At the end of the study the experimental group improved its functional independence in the \"bath\", \"bath and shower\" and \"stairs\" sub-levels, while maintaining all others, while the control group maintained functional independence in all evaluated sub-levels. \u0000Conclusion: The practice of physical exercise allows to maintain and/or improve functional independence of the elderly.","PeriodicalId":375679,"journal":{"name":"Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133492524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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