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Vocabulary Learning Strategies, Self-Regulated Learning, and Learners' Outcomes in primary School Pair Work 小学结对学习中的词汇学习策略、自我调节学习和学习者的成果
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.5817/sp2023-3-6
Barbora Al Ajeilat Kousalová
This study investigates vocabulary learning strategies (VLS) used among ten primary school learners. Through video recordings, the research explores specific VLS utilized during pair work and their influence on learning outcomes, analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The research questions address the identification and utilization of VLS, the relationship between VLS usage and the ability to infer word meanings, and learner engagement in VLS usage. Findings indicate a notable co-occurrence of some strategies. Moreover, the broader the learners' prior knowledge, the more successful they were with inferring word meanings. The study also emphasizes the need for balanced VLS engagement to optimize outcomes in pair work. This research aims to create new impulses for learning/teaching vocabulary within a foreign language classroom through the targeted practice of vocabulary learning strategies. Such practice aims to facilitate students' learning processes in promoting their self-regulated learning.
本研究调查了十名小学学习者使用的词汇学习策略(VLS)。通过视频记录,本研究采用定性内容分析法,探讨了在结对学习过程中使用的特定 VLS 及其对学习成果的影响。研究问题涉及 VLS 的识别和使用、VLS 使用与词义推断能力之间的关系以及学习者在 VLS 使用中的参与度。研究结果表明,一些策略明显同时出现。此外,学习者的已有知识越广泛,他们在推断词义方面就越成功。这项研究还强调了均衡参与 VLS 的必要性,以优化结对学习的成果。本研究旨在通过有针对性的词汇学习策略练习,为外语课堂中的词汇学习/教学创造新的动力。这种练习旨在促进学生的学习过程,促进他们的自我调节学习。
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引用次数: 0
Differential Effects of Additional Formative Assessments on Student Learning Behaviors and Outcomes 附加形成性评估对学生学习行为和结果的不同影响
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.5817/sp2023-3-1
Natalie Borter
It is well-established that formative assessments with accompanying feedback can enhance learning. However, the degree to which additional formative assessments on the same material further improve learning outcomes remains an open research question. Moreover, it is unclear whether providing additional formative assessments impacts self-regulated learning behavior, and if the benefits of such assessments depend on students' self-regulated learning behavior. The current study, conducted in a real-world blended learning setting and using a Learning Analytics approach, compares 154 students who completed additional formative assessments with 154 students who did not. The results indicate that the additional formative assessments led to an improvement in learning outcomes, but also had both positive and negative effects on students' self-regulated learning behavior. Students who completed additional formative assessments performed better on the assessments but reported lower levels of subjective comprehension and devoted more time to completing exercises. Simultaneously, they devoted less effort to additional learning activities (additional investment), such as class preparation and post-processing. Furthermore, the impact of additional formative assessments on learning success depended on students' self-regulated learning behavior. It was primarily the students who invested above-average time during formative assessments (time investment) who benefited from the additional exercises. Cluster analysis revealed that high-effort students (those with above-average time investment and above-average additional investment) gained the most from the extra exercises. In contrast, low-effort students and those who achieved high performance with relatively low effort (efficient students) did not benefit from additional formative assessments. In conclusion, providing students with additional formative assessments can enhance learning, but it should be done with caution as it can alter self-regulated learning behavior in both positive and negative ways, and not all students may benefit from it equally.
形成性评估和相应的反馈可以促进学习,这一点已经得到公认。然而,对同一材料进行额外的形成性评价能在多大程度上进一步提高学习效果,这仍然是一个有待研究的问题。此外,提供额外的形成性评价是否会影响自我调节的学习行为,以及这种评价的益处是否取决于学生的自我调节学习行为,这些问题都还不清楚。本研究在真实世界的混合学习环境中进行,采用学习分析方法,对完成额外形成性评估的 154 名学生和未完成额外形成性评估的 154 名学生进行了比较。结果表明,额外的形成性评估提高了学习成绩,但也对学生的自我调节学习行为产生了积极和消极的影响。完成额外形成性评估的学生在评估中表现较好,但报告的主观理解水平较低,完成练习花费的时间较多。同时,他们在课前准备和课后处理等额外学习活动(额外投资)上投入的精力较少。此外,附加形成性评价对学习成功的影响取决于学生的自我调节学习行为。在形成性评价中投入时间超过平均水平(时间投入)的学生主要从附加练习中受益。聚类分析显示,高努力学生(时间投入高于平均水平且额外投入高于平均水平的学生)从额外练习中获益最多。相反,努力程度低的学生和努力程度相对较低但成绩优秀的学生(高效学生)没有从额外的形成性评价中获益。总之,为学生提供额外的形成性评价可以提高学习效果,但应谨慎从事,因为它可能以积极和消极两种方式改变自我调节的学习行为,而且并非所有学生都能从中获益。
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引用次数: 0
Goal Setting and Goal Orientation as Predictors of Learning Satisfaction and Online Learning Behavior in Higher Education Blended Courses 目标设定和目标定向是高等教育混合课程中学习满意度和在线学习行为的预测因素
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.5817/sp2023-3-2
Libor Juhaňák, Karla Brücknerová, Barbora Nekardová, Jiří Zounek
This study investigated how goal setting and goal orientation are related to student learning behavior and engagement in an online learning environment, and how learning behavior, goal setting, and goal orientation are related to student satisfaction with the course they are studying. A total of 882 students from 76 different courses participated in this study, which used both self-reported data from a questionnaire and indicators based on digital traces in an online learning environment. The results of multilevel regression analyses showed that student ability to set learning goals (i.e., goal setting) was positively related to both student learning satisfaction and student learning behavior. Intrinsic goal orientation positively predicted student satisfaction with the course. Extrinsic goal orientation did not show a significant effect in any of the observed relationships. The analyzed indicators of student learning behavior showed no statistically significant association with learning satisfaction. Possible explanations for these findings are discussed, and limitations and directions for future research are suggested.
本研究调查了目标设定和目标定向与学生在在线学习环境中的学习行为和参与度之间的关系,以及学习行为、目标设定和目标定向与学生对所学课程的满意度之间的关系。共有来自 76 门不同课程的 882 名学生参与了这项研究,研究同时使用了来自调查问卷的自我报告数据和基于在线学习环境中数字痕迹的指标。多层次回归分析的结果表明,学生设定学习目标的能力(即目标设定)与学生的学习满意度和学习行为呈正相关。内在目标导向对学生的课程满意度有积极的预测作用。外在目标导向对观察到的任何关系都没有显著影响。所分析的学生学习行为指标与学习满意度在统计上没有明显的关联。本文讨论了这些发现的可能原因,并提出了今后研究的局限性和方向。
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引用次数: 0
Decoding Student Success in Higher Education: A Comparative Study on Learning Strategies of Undergraduate and Graduate Students 解码高等教育中的学生成功:本科生和研究生学习策略比较研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.5817/sp2023-3-3
Ricardo Santos, Roberto Henriques
Learning management systems (LMS) provide a rich source of data about the engagement of students with courses and their materials that tends to be underutilized in practice. In this paper, we use data collected from the LMS to uncover learning strategies adopted by students and compare their effectiveness. Starting from a sample of over 11,000 enrollments at a Portuguese information management school, we extracted features indicative of self-regulated learning (SRL) behavior from the associated interactions. Then, we employed an unsupervised machine learning algorithm (k-means) to group students according to the similarity of their patterns of interaction. This process was conducted separately for undergraduate and graduate students. Our analysis uncovered five distinct learning strategy profiles at both the undergraduate and graduate levels: 1) active, prolonged and frequent engagement; 2) mildly frequent and task-focused engagement; 3) mildly frequent, mild activity in short sessions engagement; 4) likely procrastinators; and 5) inactive. Mapping strategies with the students' final grades, we found that students at both levels who accessed the LMS early and frequently had better outcomes. Conversely, students who exhibited procrastinating behavior had worse end-of-course grades. Interestingly, the relative effectiveness of the various learning strategies was consistent across instruction levels. Despite the LMS offering an incomplete and partial view of the learning processes students employ, these findings suggest potentially generalizable relationships between online student behaviors and learning outcomes. While further validation with new data is necessary, these connections between online behaviors and performance could guide the development of personalized, adaptive learning experiences.
学习管理系统(LMS)提供了有关学生参与课程及其材料的丰富数据,但这些数据在实践中往往未得到充分利用。在本文中,我们利用从学习管理系统中收集到的数据来揭示学生采用的学习策略,并比较其有效性。我们从葡萄牙一所信息管理学校的 11000 多个注册学生样本入手,从相关的互动中提取了表明自我调节学习(SRL)行为的特征。然后,我们采用无监督机器学习算法(k-means),根据学生互动模式的相似性对他们进行分组。这一过程分别针对本科生和研究生进行。我们的分析在本科生和研究生中发现了五种不同的学习策略特征:1)积极、长时间和频繁的参与;2)轻度频繁和以任务为中心的参与;3)轻度频繁、在短时间内轻度活跃的参与;4)可能的拖延者;5)不活跃者。通过将这些策略与学生的最终成绩进行对比,我们发现,在这两个级别中,尽早且频繁访问 LMS 的学生成绩更好。相反,有拖延行为的学生的期末成绩较差。有趣的是,各种学习策略的相对效果在不同的教学水平上是一致的。尽管 LMS 对学生的学习过程只提供了一个不完整和片面的视角,但这些研究结果表明,在线学生的行为与学习效果之间可能存在可推广的关系。虽然还需要新数据的进一步验证,但这些在线行为与成绩之间的联系可以指导个性化、适应性学习体验的开发。
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引用次数: 0
A Scoping Review of Webcam Eye Tracking in Learning and Education 网络摄像头眼动跟踪在学习和教育中的应用范围综述
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.5817/sp2023-3-5
Nicol Dostalova, Lukáš Plch
The use of eye tracking in educational research has shown great potential in recent decades. There are various approaches to the usage of eye tracking technology in this area, including investigation of self-regulated learning from different types of learning environments. Nonetheless, the majority of published research studies have one tremendous limitation: using expensive remote or tower-based eye trackers to provide high-quality data in laboratory conditions. Now, new webcam eye trackers may offer an easily affordable approach allowing eye tracking measurements in the real environment, such as the investigation of learning behavior in online learning environments. The main aim of this scoping review is to explore the use of webcam eye tracking technology in the field of learning and education. We established three specific purposes: 1) to introduce educational topics being explored using webcam eye tracking, 2) to discuss the methodological aspects when exploring educational topics with webcam eye tracking, and 3) to investigate the eye tracking aspects used for the analysis. To do this, we analyzed 16 studies that used webcam eye tracking. The results of the scoping review show that 1) selected studies focus mainly on students’ behavior in online learning environments, such as engagement, lack of attention, cheating and others; 2) a wide range of studies aimed at the development of automatized detection tools; and 3) studies are mainly focused on extracting raw and event data features using them mostly for automatized detection purposes.
近几十年来,眼动仪在教育研究中的应用已显示出巨大的潜力。眼动技术在这一领域的应用有多种方法,包括调查不同类型学习环境中的自我调节学习。然而,大多数已发表的研究都有一个巨大的局限性:使用昂贵的远程或塔式眼动仪在实验室条件下提供高质量的数据。现在,新型网络摄像头眼动仪可以提供一种经济实惠的方法,在真实环境中进行眼动测量,例如调查在线学习环境中的学习行为。本综述的主要目的是探讨网络摄像头眼动仪技术在学习和教育领域的应用。我们确定了三个具体目的:1) 介绍使用网络摄像头眼动追踪技术探讨的教育主题;2) 讨论使用网络摄像头眼动追踪技术探讨教育主题的方法;3) 研究分析所使用的眼动追踪技术。为此,我们分析了 16 项使用网络摄像头眼动仪的研究。范围综述的结果表明:1)所选研究主要关注学生在在线学习环境中的行为,如参与、注意力不集中、作弊等;2)大量研究旨在开发自动化检测工具;3)研究主要集中在提取原始数据和事件数据特征,并将其主要用于自动化检测目的。
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引用次数: 0
"I Should, but I Don't Feel Like It": Overcoming Obstacles in Upper Secondary Students' Self-regulation Using Learning Analytics "我应该,但我不喜欢":利用学习分析克服高中生自我调节的障碍
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.5817/sp2023-3-4
Mattias Wickberg Hugerth, Nouri Jalal
While research has been conducted on self-regulated learning in relation to learning analytics, there remains a knowledge gap regarding the obstacles secondary education students face in regulating their learning and how learning analytics can support their self-regulation. This paper investigates two questions: 1) What challenges do secondary education students experience in the process of regulating their own learning?, and 2) What information and data do secondary education students need to better regulate their own learning? We conducted a study at a mid-sized upper secondary school in middle Sweden, to better understand how these issues manifest among students. We analyzed data collected by the school twice annually between 2015 and 2022, and administered a questionnaire to 224 students to answer the research questions. Through descriptive statistics and a thematic analysis, we identify prevalent problems that students encounter, as well as the necessary information that is essential for scaffolding self-regulated learning. We discuss the implications of our findings for the design of systems that provide students with relevant data to enhance their learning experiences.
虽然已经开展了与学习分析有关的自我调节学习研究,但对于中学生在调节学习方面所面临的障碍以及学习分析如何支持他们的自我调节,仍然存在知识空白。本文探讨了两个问题:1)中学生在调节自己的学习过程中会遇到哪些挑战?2)中学生需要哪些信息和数据来更好地调节自己的学习?我们在瑞典中部一所中等规模的高中开展了一项研究,以更好地了解这些问题在学生中的表现形式。我们分析了学校在 2015 年至 2022 年期间每年两次收集的数据,并对 224 名学生进行了问卷调查,以回答研究问题。通过描述性统计和主题分析,我们确定了学生遇到的普遍问题,以及对支架式自我调节学习至关重要的必要信息。我们讨论了我们的研究结果对设计为学生提供相关数据以增强其学习体验的系统的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Virtuálne zdieľané učiteľstvo matiek domškolákov 家庭学校母亲的虚拟共享教学
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.5817/sp2023-1-4
Jana Majerčíková
Inštitucionálne vzdelávanie nie je vždy schopné reagovať na potreby, záujmy a predstavy všetkých rodín, čo vytvára priestor aj pre rozširovanie domáceho (individuálneho) vzdelávania. Postupný nárast počtu domškolákov na Slovensku naznačuje posuny v rodičovských prístupoch k vzdelávaniu svojich detí. Štúdia prezentuje výskum, ktorého cieľom bolo porozumieť matkám ako primárnym domácim vzdelávateľom, odkryť pedagogickú dimenziu materstva a preskúmať potenciál komunikácie o domácom vzdelávaní na internete. Pre tento účel bol analyzovaný obsah komunikácie matiek detí v domácom vzdelávaní, verejne dostupný na internete, v otvorenej diskusnej skupine. Pri spracovaní dát bola využitá reflexívna tematická analýza. Generované boli tri hlavné témy: Zdieľaná identita matky domškoláka, Obrazy o mainstreamovom vzdelávaní a Didaktika domácej školy. Matky sa v témach javili ako odhodlané, podporujúce, angažované, ochotné zdieľať a pomáhať. Na pozadí kritického prístupu k školám a vzdelávaniu, ktoré poskytujú, sa snažia učiť svoje deti tak, aby boli čo najlepšie zohľadnené ich osobitosti, potenciál a možnosti domáceho prostredia. Zaujímavo im pri tom pomáha komunikácia a podporujúce zdieľanie na internete.
机构教育并非总能满足所有家庭的需求、兴趣和想法,这就为扩大家庭(个人)教育创造了空间。斯洛伐克在家中接受教育的人数逐渐增加,这表明家长对子女教育的态度发生了转变。本研究旨在了解作为主要家庭教育者的母亲,揭示母性的教学层面,并探索在互联网上交流家庭教育的潜力。为此,本研究分析了母亲们在互联网上公开发表的关于子女家庭教育的交流内容,以及一个开放式讨论小组的情况。数据处理采用了反思性主题分析法。得出了三大主题:家庭教育母亲的共同身份、主流教育的形象和家庭教育的教学。在这些主题中,母亲们表现为坚定、支持、参与、愿意分享和帮助。在对学校及其提供的教育持批判态度的背景下,她们努力以最符合孩子个性、潜能和家庭环境可能性的方式教育孩子。有趣的是,他们在这方面得到了互联网上交流和分享的帮助。
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引用次数: 0
Jak je strukturována systematická podpora začínajících učitelů: Přehledová studie podob procesu uvádění v zemích Evropy 如何为新入职教师提供系统支持:对欧洲国家入职过程相似性的综述研究
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.5817/sp2023-1-6
Ivo Rozmahel
Předložená přehledová studie se věnuje problematice začínajících učitelů a procesům jejich systematického uvádění do profese. Záměrem studie je představit a porovnat realizované podoby procesu uvádění jakožto systematické podpory začínajících učitelů při jejich vstupu do profese. Výběr zemí proběhl v roce 2022 a byl omezen na země, jež jsou součástí evropské informační sítě Eurydice. S využitím Eurydice byl výběr zemí zúžen na ty, jež v dané době realizovaly strukturovaný proces uvádění a které měly zveřejněné informace popisující podobu a podmínky realizace strukturovaného procesu uvádění v dané zemi. Tato kritéria splňovalo čtrnáct zemí, které proto byly zahrnuty mezi analyzované příklady. Informace o procesech uvádění daných zemí jsou představeny v rámci šesti oblastí: tradice uvádění, časová dotace, účel procesu uvádění, role začínajícího učitele, pozice uvádějícího učitele a struktura procesu uvádění. Skrze syntézu informací v těchto oblastech bylo možné představit podobu procesu uvádění v dané zemi a navzájem je porovnat, a to i v kontextu aktuální situace procesu uvádění v České republice.
本回顾性研究的重点是新入职教师及其系统的入职培训过程。研究的目的是介绍和比较作为对新教师入职的系统支持的入职培训过程的实施形式。对国家的选择是在 2022 年进行的,仅限于属于 Eurydice 欧洲信息网络的国家。通过 Eurydice,选择的国家范围缩小到当时已实施结构化入职培训过程,并已发布信息说明在该国实施结构化入职培训过程的设计和条件的国家。有 14 个国家符合这些标准,因此被列入所分析的实例中。有关各国入职培训过程的信息按以下六个标题介绍:入职培训传统、时间承诺、入职 培训目的、新教师的角色、入职培训教师的职位和入职培训过程的结构。通过对这些方面的信息进行综合分析,我们有可能对某一国家的入职培训过程的形式进行介绍,并结合捷克共和国入职培训过程的现状,对这些国家的入职培训过程进行比较。
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引用次数: 0
Jazyková rozmanitost a jazykový repertoár žáků a žákyň na základní škole 语言多样性与小学生的语言储备
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.5817/sp2023-1-5
M. Janík, Věra Janíková
Předložená studie má za cíl zjistit, jak žáci a žákyně vnímají jazyky svého jazykového repertoáru. V první části je popsáno teoretické ukotvení konceptu jazykového repertoáru a jeho kontextualizace v rámci tématu jazykové rozmanitosti hojně diskutovaného v pedagogickém diskurzu. Následný kvalitativně orientovaný výzkum byl realizován na jedné běžné základní škole, zúčastnilo se jej 26 žáků a žákyň. Jejich jazykový repertoár byl zkoumán prostřednictvím individuálních jazykových portrétů, které byly doplněny o rozhovory. V analýzách jsme se zaměřili na (1) přítomnost jazyků v portrétu žáků a žákyň, (2) ztvárnění těchto jazyků a (3) jejich umístění v portrétech. Výsledky naší studie naznačují, že deklarovanou přítomnost jazyka v repertoáru ovlivňují zejména subjektivní zkušenosti. Zároveň výsledky ukazují, že ztvárnění jazyků v repertoáru je značně individuální a skrývá rozmanité představy o jazycích. Z analýz také vyplynulo, že jazyky jsou často spojeny s emocemi, identitou, potřebami se jazyky učit a využívat je v komunikaci. Výzkumná zjištění by měla přispět ke změně náhledu na jazykovou rozmanitost v české škole a k inspiraci nejen pro pedagogickou praxi, ale i vzdělávací politiku ve smyslu hledání takových vzdělávacích strategií a výukových postupů, které budou jazykovou rozmanitost oceňovat, rozvíjet a využívat pro účely vzdělávání.
本研究旨在了解学习者是如何看待其语言库中的语言的。第一部分介绍了语言库概念的理论基础,以及在教学论述中广泛讨论的语言多样性话题的背景。随后在一所主流小学开展了定性研究,共有 26 名学生参与。我们通过个人语言画像,并辅以访谈,对他们的语言习惯进行了探索。我们的分析重点是:(1) 小学生肖像中的语言存在,(2) 这些语言的描述,(3) 这些语言在肖像中的位置。我们的研究结果表明,宣布语言在剧目中的存在主要受主观经验的影响。同时,研究结果表明,语言在剧目中的表现形式是高度个性化的,隐藏着关于语言的不同观念。分析还显示,语言往往与情感、身份以及在交流中学习和使用语言的需要联系在一起。这些研究成果应有助于改变捷克学校对语言多样性的看法,不仅有助于启发教学实践,还有助于制定教育政策,寻找重视、发展和利用语言多样性的教育战略和教学实践。
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引用次数: 0
"Good" Parenting: Parental Support in Education as a Factor in Inequality “良好”的育儿:父母对教育的支持是不平等的一个因素
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.5817/sp2023-2-1
M. Ule, A. Živoder
Parental support is generally considered as important, positive, and desirable for students' educational trajectories. As research in education has repeatedly proven, parental capital significantly affects students' educational pathways in terms of ambitions, opportunities, and outcomes. In this article, we investigate how teachers and parents in Slovenia view the role of parents in students' educational trajectories. We observe whether their role might mitigate or increase educational inequalities. We draw on qualitative data obtained through interviews with teachers and parents of ninth-grade students in Slovenia. The article shows that parents in Slovenia are very involved in their children's educational process; they have high educational aspirations that seem to be internalized by their children. Their engaged involvement can be newly considered as a factor in the social differentiation of children, as it covertly sanctions those parents and children who are unable or unwilling to create a supportive family climate.
父母的支持通常被认为对学生的教育轨迹是重要的、积极的和可取的。正如教育研究一再证明的那样,父母资本在抱负、机会和结果方面显著影响着学生的教育途径。在本文中,我们调查了斯洛文尼亚的教师和家长如何看待家长在学生教育轨迹中的作用。我们观察他们的作用是否会减轻或增加教育不平等。我们通过对斯洛文尼亚九年级学生的教师和家长的访谈获得定性数据。文章表明,斯洛文尼亚的父母非常参与孩子的教育过程;他们对教育有很高的期望,而这种期望似乎被他们的孩子内化了。他们的参与可以被视为儿童社会分化的一个因素,因为它暗中制裁那些不能或不愿创造一个支持性家庭氛围的父母和儿童。
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引用次数: 0
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Studia Paedagogica
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